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温室桃灰霉病发生规律及控制措施 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
北方温室桃栽培面积迅速扩大。由于早春低温、高湿、少光照和通风不良等因素,露地桃极少发生的灰霉病,在温室桃普遍发生,导致花、果腐烂,叶片坏死脱落,嫩梢枯死,在生产上造成严重损失,并且危害逐年加重,成为影响温室桃生产的主要病害之一。桃灰霉病的发生特点是发病早、传播快、危害重、防治难。为了解决这一问题,笔者自1997年以来,对该病的发生规律与防治进行了调查研究,现报道如下。1危害情况桃灰霉病可以危害叶片、花、幼果和嫩梢。托叶最易感病,发病后迅速变褐坏死。湿度大时,叶片表面可产生大量鼠灰色霉层,但一般不易引起叶片脱落。叶… 相似文献
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<正>1草莓灰霉病1.1危害状草莓灰霉病又叫腐烂病,主要危害花、果实。花受害,干腐枯死。果实受害,果面开始呈水渍状淡褐色斑块,后变暗褐色,病果软化并在病部密生灰色霉状物。1.2发生规律草莓灰霉病是真菌性病害。主要以分生孢子或菌核在病残体上越冬。在20~25℃、多雨高湿条件下,病害发展快。低温、高湿、栽植过密、偏施氮肥、温室光照不足、排水不良等有利于病害发生。1.3防治措施1)及时清园。草莓收获后,及时清除 相似文献
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近年来,德州地区温室越冬栽培番茄面积迅速扩大,但温室内冬春季温度低、湿度大、光照易造成番茄灰霉病流行性发生,严重影响番茄的产量和品质。为此,于１９９６年开始在温室内进行试验,基本搞清番茄灰霉病在本地区发病规律,采用综合防治技术措施取得良好效果。１ 番茄灰霉病症状 苗期子叶、真叶、幼茎均能发病,引起茎叶腐烂．病部呈灰褐色,表面密生灰霉。成株期发病,花、果实、叶片及茎都受害,但以果实发病为主受害最重。果实发病多从花器侵入,病变果初呈灰白色水浸状软腐,病斑很快扩展为不规则大斑,后期病斑上易产生致密灰褐… 相似文献
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为进一步分析活性氧和抗氧化防御系统在番茄抗病信号调控机制中的作用,为提高产量和品质提供科学依据,以4叶1心的番茄幼苗为试验材料,比较番茄幼苗受灰霉菌侵染后叶片O_2~-·以及抗氧化酶、内源褪黑素等的变化。结果表明:番茄幼苗接种灰霉菌后,随着时间的延长,幼苗叶片上病斑斑点逐渐增多,灰霉菌含量显著增多,叶色逐渐变浅,植株表现明显的发病症状;灰霉病菌侵染后番茄体内O_2~-·活性爆发,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性下降,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性上升,褪黑素含量增加;上述变化都是番茄幼苗为了抵御灰霉菌的生物胁迫而发生的应激反应。综上,植物在遭受病原菌等生物胁迫时不能简单地推断SOD、CAT和POD等抗氧化酶活性一定升高,植物抵御病原菌侵染更多地依赖于抗性信号路径中信号物质的激活和积累。 相似文献
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Celikel FG Reid MS 《HortScience : a publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science》2002,37(1):148-150
The respiration of cut flowers of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus ex Hook.f. 'Vesuvio') and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) increased exponentially with increasing storage temperature. Poststorage vase life and negatively gravitropic bending of the neck of the flowers were both strongly affected by simulated transport at higher temperatures. Vase life and stem bending after dry storage showed highly significant linear relationships (negative and positive, respectively) with the rate of respiration during storage. The data indicate the importance of maintaining temperatures close to the freezing point during commercial handling and transport of these important commercial cut-flower crops for maximum vase life. 相似文献
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D. W. Simpson 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):719-723
Four strawberry families which segregated for pistillate and hermaphrodite flowers were assessed for their susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea (grey mould). Clonally propagated plants were grown in a glasshouse and the flowers sprayed with a conidial suspension of the fungus. In extreme cases the disease resulted in necrosis of the flowers and pedicels before fruit development had begun. This occurred in a significantly higher proportion of hermaphrodite than pistillate flowers. Necrosis due to B. cinerea in unripe and ripe berries was also significantly greater in plants with hermaphrodite flowers. Differences in susceptibility between families were also observed, but there was no interaction with flower sex. It is proposed that the reduced incidence of necrosis on the flowers and fruit of pistillate plants is due primarily to the absence of anthers, which in hermaphrodite flowers.provide a major route for B. cinerea to enter the developing receptable. 相似文献