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1.
Actinidia chinensis and A. deliciosa plants from China, showing a range of symptoms, including vein clearing, interveinal mottling, mosaics and chlorotic ring spots, were found to contain ~300 nm rod-shaped virus particles. The virus was mechanically transmitted to several herbaceous indicators causing systemic infections in Nicotiana benthamiana, N. clevelandii, and N. occidentalis, and local lesions in Chenopodium quinoa. Systemically- infected leaves reacted with a Tobacco mosaic virus polyclonal antibody in indirect ELISA. PCR using generic and specific Tobamovirus primers produced a 1,526 bp sequence spanning the coat protein (CP), movement protein (MP), and partial RNA replicase genes which showed a maximum nucleotide identity (88%) with Turnip vein clearing virus and Penstemon ringspot virus. However, when the CP sequence alone was considered the highest CP sequence identity (96% nt and 98% aa) was to Ribgrass mosaic virus strain Kons 1105. The morphological, transmission, serological and molecular properties indicate that the virus is a member of subgroup 3 of the genus Tobamovirus.  相似文献   

2.
番茄斑驳花叶病毒(tomato mottle mosaic virus, ToMMV)是2013年发现的烟草花叶病毒属一个新种,目前在多国(地区)有发生。本文采用小RNA深度测序及RT-PCR检测方法在广东省广州市南沙区辣椒疑似病样中检测到ToMMV,命名为番茄斑驳花叶病毒广东分离物(ToMMV-GD-2020)。采用RT-PCR分段扩增获得了ToMMV-GD-2020的基因组全序列,该分离物基因组全长6 399 nt,包含4个开放阅读框,分别编码4个蛋白。序列相似性分析表明,ToMMV-GD-2020与已登录GenBank的14个ToMMV分离物基因组序列相似性分别为99.0%～99.7%,其中与中国辽宁分离物ToMMV-LN(GenBank登录号：MN853592)的相似性最高(99.7%),与危害我国番茄、同属烟草花叶病毒属的番茄花叶病毒(tomato mosaic virus, ToMV)、番茄褐色皱果病毒(tomato brown rugose fruit virus, ToBRFV)代表分离物的相似性分别为84.6%和81.0%。系统进化分析表明,ToMMV-GD-2020...  相似文献   

3.
To clarify the mechanism of seed transmission of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), the virus was immunolocalized in Capsicum annuum seeds using fluorescence microscopy. Two distinct patterns were observed: In the first, PMMoV was present in the epidermis and parenchyma but not in the endosperm or embryo; in the second, the virus was restricted to the surface of the epidermis and parenchyma. These findings shed light on the fundamental mechanisms of seed transmission of tobamoviruses and may aid in the design of new methods to prevent the spread of seedborne virus diseases.  相似文献   

4.
The occurrence in Dutch bulbous irises (Iris hollandica) of two viruses — iris mild mosaic virus (IMMV) and iris severe mosaic virus (ISMV) — in association with two diseases — mosaic (mozaïek) and grey (grijs) — was reported so far. In the Netherlands, three virus diseases have been distinguished: mild mosaic (mozaïek), mild yellow mosaic (bont), and severe mosaic (grijs). These diseases were associated with IMMV (750 nm), IMMV plus iris mild yellow mosaic virus (IMYMV, a newly recognized virus; 660 nm), and IMMV plus ISMV (750 nm), respectively. The viruses are antigenically distinct and their presence could be established serologically. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), tobacco rattle virus (TRV), and tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) were also detected in irises, but not in association with particular symptoms.Generally, the symptoms of the diseases can be distinguished early in the growing season, particularly in March. Later on, the distinctive symptoms mostly disappear on plants showing mild symptoms but not on severely affected plants. Growing and forcing conditions influence the symptoms. The IMYMV and the ISMV transmitted in May and early in June byMacrosiphum euphorbiae cause more severe symptoms than those induced by transmissions late in June and in July. Problems related to disease control in irises are discussed.Samenvatting Het virusonderzoek bij Hollandse irissen (Iris hollandica) in Nederland leidde tot het onderscheiden van drie ziekten, namelijk: het mozaïek (mild mosaic), het bont (mild yellow mosaic) en het grijs (severe mosaic). Het voorkomen van iris-mozaïek virus (deeltjeslengte 750 nm), iris-mozaïek virus plus iris-bontvirus (660 nm) en iris-mozaïekvirus plus iris-grijsvirus (750 nm), welke virussen serologisch zijn te onderscheiden, werd in verband gebracht met respectievelijk het mozaïek, het bont en het grijs. Geen verband werd gevonden tussen het voorkomen van tabaksmozaïekvirus, tabaksratelvirus en tabakskringvlekkenvirus en de genoemde ziekten.Op basis van de symptomen zijn de ziekten te velde vroeg in het voorjaar meestal wel te onderscheiden. Later in het groeiseizoen verdwijnt dit onderscheid veelal bij planten met milde symptomen, maar niet bij planten met ernstige symptomen. De symptomen van het mozaïek worden pas een paar maanden na de opkomst van de planten zichtbaar. De licht- en donkergroene mozaïeksymptomen doen zich duidelijk voor omstreeks de bloei. Het bont is bij opkomst te herkennen aan het geelgroene mozaïek, dat voornamelijk aan de bladranden voorkomt (Fig. 1). Na de lengtegroei van de planten worden de symptomen op de bloemscheden en op de brede bladgedeelten zichtbaar (Fig. 2). Het grijs (Fig. 2) uit zich met brede geel-en donkergroene strepen op de bladeren, die tot onder het grondniveau doorlopen en bij opkomst duidelijk zichtbaar zijn. Het geelgroene, soms streepvormige mozaïek blijft bij de lengtegroei van de planten duidelijk zichtbaar op de bladbases. Ernstige grijs-symptomen zijn bloembreking, gedraaide stand van smallere bladeren en dwerggroei van de planten. De duidelijkheid van de ziektebeelden, zowel van het mozaïek als van het bont en het grijs, is afhankelijk van de cultivar en van de teeltomstandigheden te velde en in de kas.Het iris-bontvirus en het iris-grijsvirus geven bij overdracht door de bladluis (Macrosiphum euphorbiae) in mei en in de eerste helft van juni in het volgende groeiseizoen ernstiger aangetaste planten dan bij latere overdracht.De mogelijkheden van de herkenning en de bestrijding van virusaantastingen in iriissen worden beschreven.  相似文献   

5.
Alstroemeria mosaic virus (AlMV) is one of the viruses known to occur inAlstroemeria spp. Its detection in DAS-ELISA needed improvement. The often simultaneous presence of a second potyvirus has been mentioned by various authors. The recently detected virus inAlstroemeria, tentatively namedAlstroemeria streak virus [AlSV; Wong, 1992] was multiplied in indicator plants and had a host range similar to that of AlMV, although the symptoms in these hosts were less severe. Both viruses reacted with antisera prepared in the Netherlands and in Great Britain to AlMV-isolates purified from infectedAlstroemeria plants, and fromNicotiana clevelandii, respectively. Where AlSV occurs separately, distinction from AlMV is possible by its negative reaction with potyvirus group-specific monoclonal antibodies.  相似文献   

6.
New mite-borne virus isolates from rakkyo,shallot and wild leek species   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Flexuous viruses were transmitted from rakkyo (Allium chinense) and wild leek species (especiallyA. commutatum) to plants of crow garlic (A. vineale), by transfer of dry bulb mites. By electron microscope decoration tests using three antisera and by inoculations onto test plants, it was concluded that from each of the two natural host species at least two viruses were isolated. The viruses from wild leeks are both pathogenic onAllium spp. and may be of economic importance. Decoration tests on a virus mixture from shallot obtained earlier, revealed another new mite-borne virus in this species. The mite-borne viruses ofAllium spp. appear to be very common; they are largely diverse and their identification remains difficult.  相似文献   

7.
Spray solutions containing 0.3% Ca which were prepared from four different calcium sources were foliar-sprayed on greenhouse-grown tomato plants, infected with theTomato mosaic virus Tobamovirus (ToMV) or not. ToMV-infected and uninfected control groups were sprayed with distilled water. Growth and macronutrient (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) composition of tomato plants as well as virus concentration and its relative infectivity were investigated in treated and untreated plants. The Ca sprays were applied three times: on the same day as inoculation, and 15 and 30 days after inoculation. Virus concentration in tomato plants generally decreased with foliar-sprayed Ca. Virus concentration (DAS-ELISA absorbance) was reduced by foliar-sprayed Ca, but plants remained infected. At the same time, tissue Ca concentrations increased significantly with foliar-applied Ca, with the exception of CaNO3·4H2O+0.05M Na-EDTA. ToMV reduced the fresh and dry weights and Ca concentrations of tomato plants, but significantly raised P concentration in the tissue. Neither virus inoculation nor foliar Ca applications affected N and Mg concentrations in tomato plants. The foliar-applied Ca from all the sources gave K concentrations similar to those of control plants. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Jan. 26, 2007.  相似文献   

8.
Alstroemeria plants were surveyed for viruses in Japan from 2002 to 2004. Seventy-two Alstroemeria plants were collected from Aichi, Nagano, and Hokkaido prefectures and 54.2% were infected with some species of virus. The predominant virus was Alstroemeria mosaic virus, followed by Tomato spotted wilt virus, Youcai mosaic virus (YoMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Alstroemeria virus X and Broad bean wilt virus-2 (BBWV-2). On the basis of nucleotide sequence of the coat protein genes, all four CMV isolates belong to subgroup IA. CMV isolates induced mosaic and/or necrosis on Alstroemeria. YoMV and BBWV-2 were newly identified by traits such as host range, particle morphology, and nucleotide sequence as viruses infecting Alstroemeria. A BBWV-2 isolate also induced mosaic symptoms on Alstroemeria seedlings.  相似文献   

9.
Barley mild mosaic virus is a member of theBymoviruses, a genus of the familyPotyviridae. The virus consists of two types of flexuous rod-shaped particles. Each of them contains one single-stranded polyadenylated RNA in plus orientation of approximately 7.6 kb (RNA1) and 3.6 kb (RNA2). Complementary DNAs of both RNAs have been synthesised and cloned. The nucleotide sequence of RNA2 has been determined. It is 3524 nucleotides in length, excluding the 3 poly(A) tail, and contains one large open reading frame (2679 nts), coding for a polyprotein of approximately 98 kDa. There are indications that a putative proteolytic activity in the N-terminal part can cleave the polyprotein autocatalytically into a 25 kDa protein (putative proteinase) and a 73 kDa polypeptide of unknown function.  相似文献   

10.
为明确近年来在浙江省葫芦科作物上发生的黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV)基因组特征及其发生分布情况,从浙江省及上海地区的甜瓜、西瓜和瓠瓜上采集疑似样品进行RT-PCR鉴定,通过分段扩增测序的方法拼接获得基因组全序列并进行系统进化分析,利用特异性引物扩增获得CGMMV外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)基因序列,制备CGMMV CP抗血清进行Western-blot和Dot-ELISA检测。结果显示,来自甜瓜、西瓜和瓠瓜的3个CGMMV分离物基因组全序列均具有烟草花叶病毒属典型基因组结构特征,全部由6 423 nt构成;3个全序列间的核苷酸同源性高达99.11%~99.67%,编码的CP氨基酸同源性为100%。系统进化分析发现,CGMMV不同分离物形成2个进化相关群体,3个浙江的CGMMV分离物均位于第I组内,与已报道的中国CGMMV分离物和韩国CGMMV分离物亲缘性较高。Western-blot检测表明CGMMV CP抗血清可以与感病植株中的病毒发生特异性反应,可用于CGMMV鉴定;Dot-ELISA检测发现CGMMV在浙江省和上海市的葫芦科作物上普遍存在。  相似文献   

11.
A novel potyvirus, tentatively named Ornithogalum virus 2 (OV-2) because only its nucleotide sequence of the coat protein gene has been revealed, was isolated for the first time from Ornithogalum thyrsoides. OV-2 had a flexuous particle (700–740 nm in length) and was sap and aphid transmissible. The virus had a narrow host range; of 36 test plants in 12 families, only O. thyrsoides and O. dubium were infected. Because the virus caused characteristic stripe mosaic on O. thyrsoides, we propose Ornithogalum stripe mosaic virus (OrSMV), instead of OV-2 for the proper name of the virus. The nucleotide sequence data reported is available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number AB271783.  相似文献   

12.
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13.
Amino acid changes in Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) coat protein (CP) that enhance, decrease, or nullify the resistance-inducing activity in Capsicum plants carrying the L 3 gene have been identified. In this study, molecular events underlying the L 3 -gene-mediated resistance were analyzed through the expression of hypersensitive response (HR)-related genes, HSR203J-Cc and HIN1-Cc, and defense-related genes, PR1-Cc and PR4b-Cc, upon infection with PMMoV CP mutants. The expression kinetics of the genes correlated with the degree of restriction of virus distribution in the inoculated leaves. The results suggest that the timing and extent of HR are critical factors to restrict virus spread both locally and systemically in L 3 -gene-mediated resistance.The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/GenBank/EMBL databases under accession numbers AB162220 (HSR203J-Cc), AB162221 (HIN1-Cc), AB162222 (PR1-Cc), and AB162223 (PR4b-Cc)  相似文献   

14.
A virus with elongate particles (656 nm) was isolated from severalLonicera species. This virus, apparently belonging to the carlavirus group, is serologically distantly related to shallot latent virus and closely related to poplar mosaic virus. The inability to infect poplar and two other hosts of poplar mosaic virus characterizes the virus fromLonicera as a new virus which was namedLonicera latent virus.The virus was easily sap-transmissible but was not transmitted byMyzus persicae.Dilution end-point was about 10–3, thermal inactivation between 65°C and 80°C and ageing in vitro 1–6 days.Heat treatment, combined with tip-rooting appeared to be a good method to eliminate the virus from severalLonicera species and cultivars.Samenvatting In verschillende soorten en cultivars van het geslachtLonicera (kamperfoelie) blijkt een virus voor te komen dat gemakkelijk door sapinoculatie kan worden overgebracht op kruidachtige planten.Een tegen gezuiverd virus bereid antiserum had een titer van ca. 4096. Er kon mee worden aangetoond dat het virus van kamperfoelie serologisch nauw verwant is met populieremozaïekvirus (Tabel 1). Het virus van kamperfoelie is echter niet in staat om populier,Phaseolus vulgaris Bataaf enVigna sinensis te infecteren en wordt mede daarom als een afzonderlijk virus beschouwd. Het wordt aangeduid als latent kamperfoelievirus (Lonicera latent virus) en behoort evenals populieremozaïekvirus tot de carlavirusgroep (aardappelvirus-S-groep).Het virus blijkt vrij gemakkelijk te kunnen worden geëlimineerd door besmette kamperfoelieplanten gedurende ongeveer zes weken een warmtebehandeling (37°C) te geven en daarna de uiterste toppen (1 cm) te stekken. Van verschillende cultivars werd op deze wijze virusvrij uitgangsmateriaal verkregen.  相似文献   

15.
Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) accumulation in protoplasts and whole plants was investigated in two highly resistant cultivars, Tog5681 (Oryza glaberrima) and Gigante (Oryza sativa). Three susceptible cultivars, i.e. one O. glaberrima Tog5673 and two O. sativa (IR64, Ac. 2428), and a partially resistant cultivar (Azucena) were used as control. After inoculation, accumulation of coat protein (CP) and viral RNA were monitored on protoplasts, inoculated leaves, sheaths of inoculated leaves and newly infected leaves by serological and Northern blot analysis. Viral RNA accumulated to a similar extent in protoplasts from all cultivars studied. In contrast, three distinct in planta behaviors were noted. In susceptible plants (IR64, Tog5673 and Ac. 2428), there was high CP and RNA accumulation at 5 d.p.i. in whole plants, suggesting that cell to cell and vascular movements occurred before 5 d.p.i. in inoculated leaves. The second behavior concerned Azucena, which showed a delay (around 7 d.p.i.) of viral accumulation in inoculated leaves. The third behavior involved the highly resistant cultivars Tog5681 and Gigante. CP and viral RNA were not detected in these cultivars. The comparison of viral accumulation in protoplasts and plants suggested that resistance of the highly resistant cultivars Tog5681 (O. glaberrima) and Gigante (O. sativa) was not due to the inhibition of virus replication but rather to the failure of cell to cell movement.  相似文献   

16.
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17.
黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒单克隆抗体的研制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
将纯化的黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, CGMMV)制剂免疫BALB/c小鼠,最后一次免疫后第3天取其脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,经采用选择性培养基、有限稀释法克隆和间接ELISA方法进行筛选,成功获得了3株分泌CGMMV特异性单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株并分别命名为3C9,3F7,2G10。用ELISA方法对所获得的3个杂交瘤细胞株进行亚型鉴定均为IgG2a,kappa链。 间接ELISA效价测定结果分别为3C9：1.024×107,3F7：2.56×106,2G10：1.28×106。此3株杂交瘤细胞所分泌的单克隆抗体均能与本研究室保存的其他3种不同的CGMMV分离物发生特异性反应,而不与其他3种同属成员病毒 烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus, TMV)、辣椒轻斑驳病毒(Pepper mild mottle virus, PMMoV)、齿瓣兰环斑病毒(Odontoglossum ringspot virus,ORSV) 发生反应。  相似文献   

18.
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was isolated from a mosaic diseased plant of Eucharis grandiflora. The virus caused mosaic symptoms on leaves and slight distortion of flower petals in E. grandiflora by either mechanical or aphid inoculation. The virus was identified as a strain of CMV subgroup I from its biological and serological characteristics.  相似文献   

19.
An infectious full-length cDNA clone of Chrysanthemum virus B (CVB, genus Carlavirus), was constructed. Four cDNA fragments covering the whole genome of CVB-S were cloned between the Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and the nopaline synthase (NOS) terminator. Chrysanthemum and garland chrysanthemum were inoculated with the constructed plasmid, named pCVB, using a gene gun system. As is the case in wild-type, CVB-infected plants, no visible symptoms were observed on plants inoculated with pCVB; however, western blotting and electron microscopy indicated the presence of the progeny virus of pCVB. pCVB could be a useful tool for analyzing the functions of carlaviral proteins.  相似文献   

20.
Using test plants and serology six tobamoviruses of pepper (FO, Ob, P8, P11, P14 and SL) and one of eggplant (A1) were compared with common tobacco mosaic virus (TMV-WU1). WU1, A1 and FO were closely similar in their reactions inCapsicum spp. as were P14 and SL. Ob, P11 and P8 were also similar in this respect except inC. frutescens Tabasco in which P8 differed from Ob and P11.Using micro-precipitation tests the virus strains could be roughly divided into three serological groups: Group I consisted of WU1, group II of A1, FO, P8, P14 and SL, and group III of P11 and Ob. With ELISA group II was further divisible into two subgroups, including A1 and FO, and P8, P14 and SL.It was concluded that similarities of strains in their reactions inCapsicum spp., were not necessarily confirmed by their serological relationships.Samenvatting Zes tobamovirussen uit peper (FO, Ob, P8, P11, P14 en SL) en één uit aubergine (A1) konden met behulp van toetsplanten alle van elkaar worden onderscheiden. In hun reacties inCapsicum-soorten, kwamen A1 en FO sterk overeen met elkaar en met het gewone tabaksmozaïekvirus (WU1). Ob, P11 en P8, die in dit opzicht onderling veel overeenkomst vertoonden, verschilden duidelijk van alle andere. Hetzelfde gold voor P14 en SL.Ook met behulp van de micro-precipitatietoets konden de virusstammen in groepen worden ingedeeld. Groep I werd gevormd door WU1, groep II door A1, FO, P8, P14 en SL en groep III door P11 en Ob. Met behulp van ELISA kon groep II worden onderverdeeld in twee ondergroepen, namelijk A1 en FO enerzijds en P8, P14 en SL anderzijds.De nauwe serologische verwantschap van A1 met FO is conform de grote overeenkomst in waardplantreacties. Hetzelfde geldt voor P11 en Ob, wanneer we alleen hun reacties inCapsicum-soorten beschouwen. P8 echter, die wat het laatste betreft meer op Ob en P11 lijkt, vertoonde serologisch meer overeenkomst met P14 en SL. WU1 verschilde serologisch zeer sterk van alle andere onderzochte virusstammen.Geoconcludeerd kan worden dat de waargenomen overeenkomst tussen de onderzochte virusstammen in hun reacties inCapsicum-soorten niet altijd gesteund wordt door hun serologische verwantschappen.Guestworker from September 1981 till January 1982 as a fellow of the International Agricultural Centre, Wageningen, the Netherlands, from the Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary.Seconded to the Glasshouse Crops Research and Experiment Station, Naaldwijk, the Netherlands.  相似文献   

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