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1.
A Brief Review of Bovine Coccidiosis in Western Canada   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文
Coccidiosis of beef cattle, in both its enteric and nervous forms, seen in feedlots in Western Canada is discussed. Cases of coccidiosis accompanied by nervous signs, occasionally up to 30% of those affected enterically, are most common during the coldest winter months. The pathogenesis of the nervous form of the disease is unknown. Clinical management of disease outbreaks using various chemotherapeutics is described. The importance of using anticoccidial drugs before the onset of clinical signs in cattle in contact with sick animals is discussed.  相似文献   

2.
Short bowel syndrome occurred in four dogs after extensive (74% to 88%) small intestinal resection. Weight loss and diarrhea were the principal clinical signs. Treatment was based on the severity of clinical signs. One dog is alive after 27 months. Three dogs died within 3 months. The prognosis depends on the extent and site of resection, degree of intestinal adaptation, preoperative condition, and postoperative care.  相似文献   

3.
Four cases are described of nervous disease associated with coccidiosis in young cattle. Prodromal nystagmus, ventromedial strabismus, sternal or lateral recumbency with contortions of the head and neck, near normal interictal periods and palpable proctitis were common findings. Differentiation from other nervous disorders in young cattle and the pathogenesis of the nervous signs associated with coccidiosis are discussed. It is suggested that the clinical picture is sufficiently distinctive to allow a diagnosis to be made on clinical grounds alone.  相似文献   

4.
Two cases of suspected Lyme borreliosis in lambs are described. The clinical signs observed resemble those described for Lyme borreliosis in dogs and horses. The lambs were approximately six months old and came from two different flocks in a district heavily infested with Ixodes ricinus ticks. The lambs had pronounced lameness in one leg, generally bad condition and poor appetite. They had high serum levels of IgG antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi when tested in an ELISA. The other lambs in the flocks were negative to B burgdorferi antibodies. Attempts were made to isolate spirochaetes from one of the lambs, but were unsuccessful.  相似文献   

5.
In two litters from the same parents, three out of four males had an abnormally short leg and body length. Affected dogs showed signs of pain when moving, which could be eliminated by analgesia. On radiography, these animals had widened, radiolucent, irregularly bordered intervertebral disc spaces. When examined at seven months of age, the epiphyses appeared widened and irregular in shape and outline. General bone opacity in the vertebral column was lower in the affected male dogs than in the normal littermate. The affected dogs developed spondylosis and arthrosis of the larger limb joints. All affected dogs were euthanased on humane grounds, the eldest at the age of two years nine months. Based on the clinical and radiographic evidence, the condition seen in the male dogs described here resembles X-linked spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia tarda caused by a collagenopathy due to malformation of COL2A1 as seen in human beings.  相似文献   

6.
Hereford calves, seven months old, were inoculated orally with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria bovis and E. zurnii and housed in a heated building together with uninoculated animals. Duplicate groups of similarly treated animals were left unsheltered in cold winter weather. Clinical coccidiosis developed in most of the inoculated calves, sheltered and unsheltered. There was no marked difference in the severity of the infections. The sheltered uninoculated contact animals remained clinically unaffected, but mild coccidiosis developed in the unsheltered controls.

The results suggest that cold may increase the host's susceptibility to clinical coccidiosis, but may not increase the severity of the signs once the clinical infection is established.

  相似文献   

7.
Neuromuscular signs in association with hypothyroidism are described in 29 dogs. Eleven dogs had lower motor neuron signs, 9 had peripheral vestibular deficits, 4 had megaesophagus, and 5 had laryngeal paralysis. Primarily older (mean = 9.5 years), large-breed dogs were affected, and there was no sex or breed predisposition. Duration of clinical signs before presentation ranged from 2 to 8 weeks (mean = 5 weeks). The diagnosis was based on (1) results of neurological examination (29 dogs); (2) electromyographic abnormalities (18 dogs), including fibrillation potentials (n = 18), positive sharp waves (n = 15), and complex repetitive discharges (n = 4); (3) high serum cholesterol concentration (10 dogs; mean = 335 mg/dL); (4) low response to thyroid-stimulating hormone (29 dogs; mean T4 prestimulation concentration = 0.8 μg/dL; mean T4 poststimulation = 1.2 μg/dL); and (5) good response to thyroxine supplementation (26 dogs). Dogs with vestibular deficits had abnormal brainstem auditory-evoked responses (BAER), including increased latencies of P1-P6 and decreased amplitude of P4,5-N5. Seven other dogs had similar BAER abnormalities without manifesting clinical signs of vestibular involvement. Three dogs with vestibular signs had fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves without exhibiting lower motor neuron signs. All dogs were supplemented with levothyroxine (0.02 mg/kg P0 bid). The follow-up period ranged between 6 and 30 months (mean, 14 months). Serum T4 concentrations were measured at least 3 times for each dog every 2 months (mean T4 concentration = 2.6 μg/dL). All but 1 dog with lower motor neuron signs and 1 dog with vestibular signs recovered after 2 months (mean, 57 days). Signs of megaesophagus became progressively less severe over 4 months. Dogs with laryngeal paralysis improved partially after 5 months. We suggest that either vestibular or lower motor neuron signs, megaesophagus, or laryngeal paralysis may be the only clinical signs of an underlying, more generalized polyneuropathy associated with hypothyroidism. Electro-diagnostic abnormalities may be detected before clinical disease develops.  相似文献   

8.
Eight cases of concurrent diabetes mellitus and hyperadrenocorticism are described. In all but one dog diabetes mellitus was the first condition recognised and, in these, clinical signs attributable to hyperadrenocorticism developed further while the dogs received replacement insulin therapy. The most common signs were resistance to exogenous insulin with daily insulin replacement dosage requirements exceeding 2 iu/kg, erratic insulin requirements, continuing polydipsia/polyuria and weight loss. Lethargy and muscle weakness were variable and dermatological abnormalities were present in only four cases. Six dogs were treated with op'DDD and clinical signs resolved with improvement of glycaemic control.  相似文献   

9.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH) is a pathologic condition in dogs characterized by abnormally high pressures in the pulmonary circulation and has been associated with a poor outcome. Sildenafil is a type V phosphodiesterase inhibitor that produces nitric oxide mediated vasodilatation. Sildenafil treatment decreases pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance in people with PH. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of dogs with PH treated with sildenafil. The cardiology database was searched for dogs with PH treated with sildenafil. PH was defined as systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPs) > or = 25 mmHg at rest. Medical records were reviewed for the following information: signalment, duration and type of clinical signs before treatment, underlying disease, estimated or measured PAPs, dosage and dosing interval of sildenafil, and the effect of treatment on clinical signs and pulmonary arterial pressure and survival time. Thirteen affected dogs were identified. Clinical signs included collapse, syncope, respiratory distress, and cough. Duration of clinical signs before presentation ranged from 3 days to 5 months. An underlying cause was identified in 8 dogs. The median sildenafil dosage was 1.9 mg/kg. Ten dogs received concurrent medications. Median PAPs was 90 mmHg; 8 dogs were reevaluated after therapy, and the median decrease in PAPs was 16.5 mmHg. The median survival time of all dogs was 91 days. Sildenafil appeared to be well tolerated in dogs with PH and was associated with decreased PAPs and amelioration of clinical signs in most. Sildenafil represents a reasonable treatment option for dogs with pulmonary hypertension.  相似文献   

10.
The effects of non-specific immunotherapy with anti-allergic peptides extracted from the urine of human allergic patients (MS-antigen), in two dogs with allergic dermatitis (AD) have been described. Clinically, severe pruritus accompanied by secondary bacterial pyoderma did not respond to conventional therapy with systemic antibiotics. The first clinical change appeared as a significant reduction in pruritus within 3 months, around the time of the 15th injection in both cases. The clinical condition was stabilized after 5 months, allowing the gradual withdrawal of concurrent therapies and an increase of injection intervals. The correlation between the results of intradermal skin tests before and after treatment and the improvement of clinical signs was not obvious.  相似文献   

11.
The clinical and radiographic signs of panosteitis in seven dogs are described and also the histological and fluorochrome-labelled appearance of the lesions in one of them. The condition was seen in three immature German Shepherd dogs, three immature mongrels, of which two were littermates, and an adult Doberman Pinscher which presented with lesions of its metacarpus.  相似文献   

12.
The clinical presentation and advanced size of the two calculi described in this report are both atypical and noteworthy. Both dogs were presented initially with signs of hematuria, stranguria, and perineal discomfort. Each calculus was visible on survey abdominal radiographs and was present in the region of the ischial arch. Both dogs underwent a perineal urethrotomy to retrieve the calculus. Resolution of clinical signs was obtained in one case, which was referred within 2 months of the onset of clinical signs. The second dog was medically managed for approximately 2.5 years before referral. Surgical intervention failed to restore urinary continence in this second dog. Early detection of similar cases may be important in optimizing clinical outcome following appropriate treatment.  相似文献   

13.
OBJECTIVE: To report synovial cysts associated with cauda equina syndrome in 2 dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical cases. ANIMALS: Two German Shepherd dogs. METHODS: After magnetic resonance imaging detection, cysts were surgically removed via dorsal laminectomy. RESULTS: Six and 8 months after surgery, both dogs were free of clinical signs and no pain was elicited on lumbosacral joint manipulation. CONCLUSION: Although described in dogs, cysts at the lumbosacral joint might cause compression of the cauda equina nerve roots. Radical excision of the cyst capsule can result in resolution of clinical signs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Synovial cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of dogs with cauda equina compression syndrome when lumbosacral degenerative joint disease is present.  相似文献   

14.
This paper describes the clinical and pathological features of 11 dogs with insulin-secreting tumours of the pancreas. All the dogs showed episodic weakness or collapse. The diagnosis was made on fasting plasma glucose and serum insulin concentrations, the insulimglucose ratio, and the results of an intravenous glucose tolerance test. Ten of the dogs had exploratory laparotomy, and partial pancreatectomy was performed in nine of the cases. One case was euthanased at surgery because of widespread metastases. The tumours were graded histologically and the results compared with the time to recurrence of clinical signs and postoperative survival time. Postoperative survival time for dogs which died or were euthanased as a direct result of tumour recurrence, and time to recurrence of clinical signs were calculated from actuarial survival curves. The median time to recurrence of clinical signs after surgery was 12 months (range from four to 16 months; mean time to recurrence of clinical signs 12 months). Two cases died of unrelated disease, without recurrence of hypoglycaemic signs. The median postoperative survival time was 14 months (range 10 to 33 months; mean survival time 15 months). There is a suggestion that tumours with a high mitotic count carried a worse prognosis.  相似文献   

15.
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is a prevalent and often vision-threatening condition in dogs. In several reports, 2% cyclosporine (cyclosporin A, CsA) was described as effective in modulating the clinical signs of KCS. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of 1% CsA vs a placebo, using a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Topical administration of 1% CsA significantly improved Schirmer wetting values and subjective markers of corneal health as compared with the placebo. In the dogs treated with topical administration of 1% CsA, the clinical signs of KCS were improved in 81.8% of cases.  相似文献   

16.
Intermittent lameness in 8 dogs was attributed to a sesamoidal fragment in the elbow joint. The clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of the condition are described.  相似文献   

17.
The clinical, radiological and pathological findings in 12 dogs with canine leucocyte adhesion deficiency (CLAD) from six litters are described. All the dogs were younger than 15 weeks at admission, all had been febrile and 11 had been treated with antibiotics. Seven had been treated for omphalophlebitis. At admission, all had gingivitis, lymph node enlargement and profound neutrophilia. Ten dogs were radiographed and showed various skeletal lesions compatible with metaphyseal osteopathy, craniomandibular osteopathy and osteomyelitis. Four dogs had clinical signs of respiratory distress and seven exhibited a mild interstitial pneumonia at necropsy. Six dogs had skin wounds, with strikingly few neutrophils seen on stained sections. All dogs were euthanased before six months of age due to severe and incurable infections. The clinical signs, radiological features and haematology were strongly suggestive of CLAD. The diagnosis was confirmed by granulocyte function tests and flow cytometry, which revealed impaired adhesion, impaired C3b-mediated phagocytosis and absence of adhesion proteins CD11b/CD18.  相似文献   

18.
The prevalence of syringomyelia was investigated in a sample population of 555 Cavalier King Charles spaniels. All dogs, which were declared by their owners to be showing no clinical signs of syringomyelia, underwent MRI to determine the presence or absence of the condition. Data were analysed by logistic regression to determine the effects of sex and age on the prevalence of syringomyelia. Only increased age was found to have a significant effect. The prevalence of syringomyelia was 25 per cent in dogs aged 12 months, increasing to a peak of 70 per cent in dogs aged 72 months or more.  相似文献   

19.
Invasive tumors of the pituitary gland were diagnosed in 8 dogs. Seven of the dogs had been treated for pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism before the onset of neurologic signs. All 8 dogs had behavior abnormalities and similar neurologic signs: 6 dogs had rotary nystagmus and 7 dogs had symmetric tetraparesis. Once neurologic signs developed, the clinical course in all 8 dogs had a mean duration of 4.7 +/- 2.0 months before death or euthanasia; 5 dogs had a clinical course of less than or equal to 2 months. Necropsy was performed in 7 dogs. The histologic diagnosis was malignant pituitary adenocarcinoma in 2 dogs and pituitary adenoma in 5 dogs.  相似文献   

20.
Lumbosacral osteochondrosis has been diagnosed with increasing frequency over the past few years. Nevertheless, poor recognition of the condition continues to lead to frequent misdiagnosis. A study was therefore undertaken over a 12-year period (1986 to 1998) to describe the use of a variety of radiological studies to define the syndrome and the use of different surgical techniques for optimal treatment of the condition. Dogs with clinical signs of cauda equina neuropathy and radiological signs of lumbosacral osteochondrosis were older than 14 months (mean age 6.3 years). German shepherd dogs, boxers and rottweilers were heavily represented. Of the 34 dogs with osteochondrosis in this study, the lesion appeared to be related to the sacrum in 31 dogs (91 per cent) and the seventh lumbar vertebra in the remaining three dogs (9 per cent). Twenty-seven male and seven female dogs were affected (4:1). Out of the 34 dogs, six (18 per cent) were treated conservatively and the remaining 28 (82 per cent) were treated surgically. The outcome of surgical treatment was considered to be satisfactory in 24 (86 per cent) of these latter dogs.  相似文献   

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