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《果树学报》2015,(6)
【目的】通过比较‘金蜜狭叶桃’‘直挺狭叶桃’及‘石射狭叶桃’3个品种的光合及生物学特性,为筛选优质狭叶桃提供理论基础。【方法】采用石蜡切片、乙醇浸提法及田间调查等方法,对叶片解剖结构、叶绿素含量等指标进行分析;利用Li-6400型气体交换系统,测定3个狭叶桃品种的净光合速率(Pn)季节变化。【结果】1)叶长、叶宽及叶面积表现为‘金蜜狭叶桃’‘石射狭叶桃’‘直挺狭叶桃’;比叶重及叶柄长度表现为‘石射狭叶桃’‘金蜜狭叶桃’‘直挺狭叶桃’;叶片开张度及节间长度表现为‘直挺狭叶桃’‘石射狭叶桃’‘金蜜狭叶桃’。叶绿素a、a/b表现为‘石射狭叶桃’大于‘金蜜狭叶桃’和‘直挺狭叶桃’,并且差异性显著,但叶绿素b含量为‘直挺狭叶桃’显著大于另外2个品种;叶片厚度及栅栏组织厚度表现为‘直挺狭叶桃’小于‘金蜜狭叶桃’和‘石射狭叶桃’,并且差异性显著。2)光合特性表现为:3个狭叶桃品种4—8月净光合速率日变化均呈单峰曲线,其中‘直挺狭叶桃’的变化趋势较为平缓。净光合速率日积分值表现为‘直挺狭叶桃’(301.4 mmol·m~(-2))‘石射狭叶桃’(238.4 mmol·m~(-2))‘金蜜狭叶桃’(180.0 mmol·m~(-2))。【结论】3个狭叶桃品种的光合及生物学特性均存在较大的差异。 相似文献
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《中国瓜菜》2016,(11):53-56
为筛选出适宜郑州地区早春茬塑料大棚栽培的菠菜品种,笔者对‘快绿’‘盛绿’‘速生大叶’‘速绿特’‘墨玉绿’‘金富新一代’‘M7菠菜’‘墨玉抗热王’‘旺旺大圆叶’‘1403菠菜’‘豫艺大丰收’(CK)共11个菠菜品种的形态指标、生理指标、抗性、耐抽薹能力及产量进行比较分析。结果表明,‘M7菠菜’植株高度达到最大值,为45.7 cm,高出‘豫艺大丰收’86.53%;叶片长度与叶柄长度比值,最大的是‘旺旺大圆叶’,高出‘豫艺大丰收’65.93%;折合667 m~2产量最高值为‘速生大叶’,达1 567.45 kg,其次为‘盛绿’‘M7菠菜’,折合667 m~2产量分别为1 400.70、1 334.00 kg。因此,‘M7菠菜’‘盛绿’‘速生大叶’3个品种可作为郑州地区早春茬塑料大棚菠菜的主要栽培品种。 相似文献
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对‘早丰’、‘亮叶厚皮’、‘抗寒薄皮’、‘寒丰’、‘黑丰’、‘利桑家’、‘俄罗斯红醋栗’和‘坠玉’8种广泛栽培的醋栗进行栽培试验,主要对比各个品种的抗寒性和丰产性.结果显示:抗寒性从强到弱依次为‘寒丰’、‘早丰’、‘俄罗斯红醋栗’、‘坠玉’、‘抗寒薄皮’、‘亮叶厚皮’、‘利桑家’、‘黑丰’;丰产性从强到弱依次为‘早丰’、‘寒丰’、‘坠玉’、‘俄罗斯红醋栗’、‘抗寒薄皮’、‘亮叶厚皮’、‘利桑家’、‘黑丰’. 相似文献
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为了明确桃树菊花花形、窄叶形、白化与黄化叶色及盘龙形与垂枝形树形等6个性状的遗传特性,以‘粉菊花桃’ב红根甘肃桃1号’、‘红花重瓣垂枝桃’(简称‘红垂枝’)ב粉菊花桃’、‘S9’ב粉菊花桃’、‘粉菊花桃’ב瑞光2号’、‘红珊瑚’×(‘粉菊花桃’ב瑞光2号’)为组合配制F_1和F_2代,研究菊花花形、叶片白化及垂枝树形的遗传特性;以‘98-4-32’ב金蜜狭叶桃’、‘99-7-14’ב金蜜狭叶桃’及‘99-7-15’ב金蜜狭叶桃’为组合配制F_1和F_2代,研究窄叶形遗传趋向;以‘北京2-7’ב白花山碧桃’为组合配制F_1和F_2代,研究叶片黄化遗传特点;以‘红垂枝’ב帚形山桃’及‘96-7-56’ב帚形山桃’为组合配制F_1和F_2代,研究盘龙形树形的遗传。结果表明:在蔷薇花形与菊花花形组合中,"蔷薇形/菊花形"表现出2对等位基因(Ch/ch及Ch_2/ch_2)控制的遗传特性,且蔷薇形对菊花形为显性;在铃形花形与菊花花形组合中,F_1代蔷薇形表现为二者的中间类型。在‘98-4-32’ב金蜜狭叶桃’及‘99-7-14’ב金蜜狭叶桃’组合中,"宽叶/窄叶"表现出2对等位基因(Nl/nl及Nl_2/nl_2)控制的遗传特性,且宽叶对窄叶为显性;在‘99-7-15’ב金蜜狭叶桃’组合中,"宽叶/窄叶"表现出1对等位基因控制的遗传特性。叶片"正常/白化"表现出1对等位基因(Wl/wl)控制的遗传特性,且正常对白化为显性,白化基因可能来自‘粉菊花桃’;叶片"正常/黄化"表现出2对等位基因(Yl/yl及Yl_2/yl_2)控制的遗传特性,其中1对为显性时对另一对具有抑制作用,黄化基因可能来自‘白花山碧桃’。直立树形同时表现为盘龙形与垂枝形及盘龙形与开张形的中间类型;"开张形/垂枝形"表现出1对等位基因(We/we)控制的遗传特性,且开张对垂枝为显性。结论:菊花花形由2对隐性基因(chchch_2ch_2)控制;窄叶形可能由2对隐性基因(nlnlnl_2nl_2)控制;叶片白化由1对隐性基因(wlwl)控制;叶片黄化可能由2对等位基因(Yl_yl_2yl_2或Yl_2_ylyl)控制;仅盘龙形与直立形由1对等位基因(Br_2/br_2)控制,其中盘龙形基因型为br_2br_2;垂枝形由1对隐性基因(wewe)控制。 相似文献
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In Germany the sweet and sour cherry breeding is concentrated at the Julius Kühn-Institut in Dresden-Pillnitz. The main breeding goals are directed on sweet cherries for fresh market and sour cherries for processing. The selection of new cultivars is focused on fruit quality, high and stable fruit set and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. In result of the breeding activities in sweet cherry four new cultivars, ‘Narana’, ‘Areko’, ‘Swing’, ‘Habunt’, were selected. ‘Narana’ is an early ripening cultivar with good fruit characteristics. ‘Areko’ ripens in the middle of the cherry season some days before cultivar ‘Kordia’ and has large, firm fruits. The both cultivars ‘Swing’ and ‘Habunt’ are self-compatible and more recommended for the use in house gardening. In sour cherry breeding four new cultivars, ‘Coralin’, ‘Spinell’, ‘Jachim’, ‘Boas’, were selected. The cultivar ‘Coralin’ shows good characteristics for processing and mechanical harvest and is tolerant to fungus diseases on leaves. With the large and tasty fruits, the cultivar ‘Spinell’ is mainly suitable for fresh consumption. The both other cultivars ‘Jachim’ and ‘Boas’ have a pillar growth habit. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(4):77-91
Abstract The optimum leaf number required for normal fruit growth in the regular bearing mango cultivar ‘Amrapali’ and the biennial bearing cultivars ‘Chausa’, ‘Dashehari’ and ‘Langra’ were studied by isolating individual fruits with known numbers of supporting leaves by shoot girdling at the time of fruit set. There were significant differences in the leaf area (249.01-1817.10 cm2), fresh weight (7.0-77.0 g) and dry weight (3.7-50.0 g) of leaves on shoots having 30, 20, 10 and 5 leaves as compared with control in different cultivars. In both types of cultivars, there was a progressive reduction in fruit size in terms of total fruit, pulp, peel, and seed weight with decreasing numbers of supporting leaves, however, a minimum reduction (2.4%) in fruit growth in ‘Amrapali’ was noticed with 30 supporting leaves. A nonsignificant difference in photosynthetic rate with varying number of leaves was found but its efficiency in leaves was higher in ‘Amrapali’ as compared with biennial bearing cultivars. Starch accumulation in the leaves was reduced by shoot girdling. The stomatal resistance of the leaves of girdled shoots was comparable with that of leaves on control shoots. In all the cultivars except ‘Amrapali’ it was observed that 30 leaves, the maximum retained on a shoot, could not support the growth of a single fruit to normal size. The data on rate of photosynthesis in different pool size of leaves and fruit growth in girdled and nongirdled shoots clearly show that fruit development depends not only on the current assimilates but also to a great extent on reserves. A 14CO2 feeding experiment showed a higher rate of carbon fixation in the leaves of girdled shoots than in the control shoots, but the translocation of 14C assimilated to the developing fruits on the girdled and control shoots was comparable. The results also indicated that developing fruits are major sinks for current photosynthates as more than 60 percent of the 14C exported from the treated leaf was found in the fruit in all instances. 相似文献
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