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1.
In surveys of protected lettuce crops in the Humberside area of the UK during 1984-5, 47.3% of Botrytis cinerea isolates were resistant to dicarboximides and 25% to benomyl. Dicarboximide-resistant isolates obtained direct from the field had a moderate degree of resistance with ED50 values for mycelial growth on agar of 1.0-2.4 μg/ml vinclozolin for all except two of 30 isolates.
Isolates which were resistant to vinclozolin were also resistant to iprodione, myclozolin and procymidone. Thirty dicarboximide-resistant isolates obtained direct from the field were capable of infecting cucumber cotyledons sprayed with field-strength Ronilan (250 μg/ml vinclozolin) whereas sensitive strains were not. Strains showing different degrees of resistance to dicarboximides developed after incubation of sensitive and resistant strains on agar supplemented with vinclozolin. Some of these strains had ED50 values for mycelial growth on agar of more than 100 μg/ml vinclozolin. No highly resistant isolates were obtained direct from the field. Resistance to dicarboximides in field isolates was stable. 相似文献
Isolates which were resistant to vinclozolin were also resistant to iprodione, myclozolin and procymidone. Thirty dicarboximide-resistant isolates obtained direct from the field were capable of infecting cucumber cotyledons sprayed with field-strength Ronilan (250 μg/ml vinclozolin) whereas sensitive strains were not. Strains showing different degrees of resistance to dicarboximides developed after incubation of sensitive and resistant strains on agar supplemented with vinclozolin. Some of these strains had ED
2.
Various morphological and physiological characteristics, such as mycelial colour and appearance, mycelial growth rates, sporulation, pathogenicity on different hosts, activity of cell-wall degrading enzymes, competitive ability and osmotic sensitivity of five dicarboximide-resistant isolates of Botrytis cinerea were compared to those of their sensitive parent strains. There were only small reductions in mycelial growth rates of resistant strains as compared to the sensitive ones, whereas all of them showed greatly reduced rates of sporulation. With only one exception, the pathogenicity of the resistant isolates was reduced by varying extents compared with the sensitive parent strains. While the proteolytic activity of resistant strains tended to be higher, the activities of peclolytic enzymes were often lower than those of the sensitive isolates. In competition tests, resistant conidia often completely disappeared after a few passages on untreated plants. In only one of the resistant isolates tested so far was dicarboximide resistance related to a high osmotic sensitivity. 相似文献
3.
北京地区番茄灰霉病菌对嘧霉胺的抗药性检测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了检测北京地区番茄灰霉病菌对嘧霉胺的抗药性,指导生产上科学用药,从北京12个区、县采集番茄灰霉病样150份,分离纯化获得109个番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的单孢菌株,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了番茄灰霉病菌对嘧霉胺(pyrimethanil)的抗药性。所测菌株中嘧霉胺抗性菌株出现的比例高达82.57%,且以高抗菌株为主,占78.89%,抗性水平最高的菌株EC50是最敏感菌株的5 096倍;不同区县番茄灰霉病菌对嘧霉胺的抗药性存在差异,门头沟区、密云县、延庆县、怀柔区和平谷区、大兴、通州和顺义8个区县的高抗菌株所占比例达66.67%～100%,海淀、朝阳和房山3个区未检测到高抗菌株。上述结果说明北京地区番茄灰霉病菌对嘧霉胺的抗药性非常普遍,且以高抗菌株为主,生产上应替换新型杀菌剂防治番茄灰霉病。 相似文献
4.
ABSTRACT DNA sequence polymorphisms in the putative two-component histidine protein kinase encoded by the Daf1 gene have been identified within a sample of 5 sensitive and 27 dicarboximide-resistant field strains of Botryotinia fuckeliana (anamorph Botrytis cinerea). The gene of 3948 bp is predicted to encode a 1315-amino acid protein comprising an N-terminal region, an amino acid repeat region, which has been hypothesized to be the binding site for dicarboximide fungicide, and a C-terminal region encompassing kinase and response regulator domains. Two amino acid variants were distinguished among the sensitive strains characterized by alanine (group 1), or threonine (group 2), at position 1259 in the C-terminal region. All resistant strains could be classified into either group 1 or group 2 but, in addition, all showed changes in the second amino acid repeat region. On the basis of the differences in this repeat region, four classes of resistant strains were recognized; class 1 characterized by an isoleucine to serine mutation, class 2 by an isoleucine to asparagine mutation, class 3 by an isoleucine to arginine mutation (all at position 365), and class 4 by an isoleucine to serine mutation (position 365) as well as a glutamine to proline mutation (position 369). All classes showed similar low levels of resistance to iprodione and to vinclozolin, except for class 3 and class 4 strains, which show low resistance to iprodione but moderate (class 3) or high (class 4) resistance to vinclozolin. The classes as a group did not differ from sensitive strains in osmotic sensitivity measured as mycelial growth response, but some class 1 strains showed an abnormal morphology on osmotically amended medium. The evolution of the amino acid differences is discussed in relation to field observations. It is proposed that class 1 and class 2 strains arose by single mutations within the sensitive population, whereas classes 3 and 4 arose by single mutations within a resistant population. 相似文献
5.
Starting in 1979 the pathogenicity of dicarboximide-resistant and sensitive strains of Botrytis cinerea was regularly examined in greenhouse tests using grape plants. In these tests the proportion of resistant strains with low or nearly no pathogenicity was always higher than that of sensitive strains. This led to comparative studies on the enzyme activities of sensitive and resistant field isolates. Pectolytic and cellulolytic enzymes were chosen because of their importance in the infection process of B. cinerea. The results of these studies indicated that no correlation could be found between the activity of these enzymes and the pathogenicity of the tested isolates, and that resistant strains tended to have higher enzyme activities than sensitive ones. Comparison of the enzyme activities of laboratory-adapted isolates and the original sensitive ones gave similar results. Since enzyme activities do not seem to play an important role in explaining the general observations on the slow increase and spread of resistant strains in vineyards, other factors must be considered, such as the stability of the dicarboximide resistance, which apparently is very low. 相似文献
6.
氰烯菌酯(2-氰基-3-氨基-3-苯基丙烯酸乙酯,JS399-19) 是一种对禾谷镰孢菌Fusarium graminearum具有专化活性的新型杀菌剂。离体条件下,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了该药剂对禾谷镰孢菌抗性菌株和敏感菌株的生长抑制活性;同时采用孢子萌发法测定了其对禾谷镰孢菌分生孢子萌发的影响。结果表明,氰烯菌酯能够强烈地抑制禾谷镰孢菌敏感菌株菌丝的生长,EC50值分布在0.092~0.141 μg/mL之间;并可降低敏感菌株分生孢子的萌发速率,以及影响其萌发的方式,使芽管从分生孢子基部和中间细胞萌发的比率增加;同时氰烯菌酯使敏感菌株分生孢子膨大、畸形,并使其芽管肿胀、扭曲,明显抑制其芽管的伸长生长;但对抗性菌株的抑制作用和致畸作用不明显。 相似文献
7.
Distribution and fitness of isolates of Botrytis cinerea with multiple fungicide resistance in Spanish greenhouses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Forty-nine greenhouses of vegetable crops were surveyed in southeast Spain at the beginning of the disease season in December 1992 to estimate frequencies of resistance to benzimidazoles, dicarboximides and N -phenylcarbamates (NPC) in B. cinerea . Out of 261 isolates collected, 28% were sensitive to both benzimidazoles and dicarboximides, 15% were benzimidazole-resistant and dicarboximide-sensitive, 8% were benzimidazole-sensitive and dicarboximide-resistant and 46% were benzimidazole- and dicarboximide-resistant. Resistance to benzimidazole, dicarboximide and N -phenylcarbamate was determined by measuring the ability of each isolate to grow in the presence of carbendazim, procymidone and diethofencarb fungicides respectively. Carbendazim- or procymidone- resistant isolates were found in all surveyed greenhouses. Three isolates were found with resistance to carbendazim, procymidone and diethofencarb collected in two adjacent greenhouses that were sprayed with the carbendazim and diethofencarb mixture. All other isolates were sensitive to the mixture because they were either sensitive to carbendazim and resistant to diethofencarb or vice versa. Fitness of 31 isolates of B. cinerea was determined in vivo by measuring their sporulation and lesion growth rate on leaf disks. No fitness costs were associated with resistance to iprodione (dicarboximide) and benomyl (benzimidazole). Isolates with EC50 values higher than 101 mg/L for benomyl and 1.6 mg/L for iprodione were considered to be field resistant (they caused visible lesions on cucumber leaf disks treated with each fungicide). 相似文献
8.
浙江省果蔬灰霉病菌对嘧菌酯的抗药性研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
采用菌丝生长速率法,连续监测了2010—2012年间浙江省果蔬灰霉病菌对QoI类杀菌剂嘧菌酯的敏感性变化。 结果表明:病菌群体中的低敏感性亚群体的比例明显上升,EC50值>5 mg/L 菌株的比例分别为12.5%、15.8%和28.3%;在菌丝生长阶段和孢子萌发阶段,旁路氧化在灰霉病菌对嘧菌酯敏感性中的平均相对贡献值(F)分别为2.91±0.89和5.72±2.82;嘧菌酯抗药性菌株的菌丝生长速率、产孢量、产菌核数和致病力与敏感菌株相比无显著差异。抗药性分子机制研究表明,灰霉病菌中存在2种类型的cyt b基因:Ⅰ型cyt b基因在第143位密码子后紧跟内含子;Ⅱ型cyt b基因在第143位密码子后没有紧跟内含子。大多数的灰霉病菌菌株属于Ⅱ型。Ⅰ型菌株均为嘧菌酯敏感菌株,Ⅱ型菌株为嘧菌酯敏感菌株或抗性菌株。抗性菌株的cyt b 基因的第143位密码子由甘氨酸(GGC)突变为了丙氨酸(GCC),抗药性机制为G143A。 相似文献
9.
ABSTRACT The fitness and the dynamics of demethylation inhibitor fungicide (DMI) sensitivity in isolates of Monilinia fructicola sensitive (no growth at 0.3 mg/liter propiconazole) and resistant (>/=50% relative growth at 0.3 mg/liter propiconazole) to propiconazole were investigated. Overall, there was no considerable compromise in the fitness of resistant isolates compared to sensitive isolates of M. fructicola at the time of collection. Resistant and sensitive isolates differed in their sensitivity to propiconazole (P < 0.001) and incubation period (P = 0.044), but not in latent period, growth rate, spore production, and spore germination frequency (P > 0.05). Consecutive transferring on potato dextrose agar had an impact on conidia production, conidial germination, and growth rate (P < 0.0001). Consecutive transferring also had an impact on propiconazole sensitivity in resistant isolates. In the resistant isolates, sensitivity to propiconazole increased (R(2) = 0.960, P = 0.0034) within the first eight transfers. Similarly, sensitivity to propiconazole increased by 273% over the course of 34 months in cold storage in propiconazole-resistant isolates. Our results show that propiconazole resistance is unstable in vitro and that standard subculturing and cold storage procedures impact propiconazole sensitivity of resistant isolates. The instability of propiconazole resistance in M. fructicola may have important implications for disease management in that a reversion to propiconazole sensitivity could potentially occur in the absence of DMI fungicide pressure in the field. 相似文献
10.
番茄叶霉病菌对嘧菌酯的抗性检测及抗性风险评估 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
利用孢子萌发法测定了从河北、浙江、江苏、山东、四川等省田间采集的97个番茄叶霉病菌菌株对嘧菌酯的敏感性。结果表明,田间番茄叶霉病菌已对嘧菌酯产生不同程度的抗药性。97个菌株可分为敏感菌株(EC50值50值5.4~54 μg/mL),中抗菌株(EC50值54~270 μg/mL)、高抗菌株(EC50值270~1 350 μg/mL)、特高抗菌株(EC50值>1 350 μg/mL) 5种类型,分别占55.67%、14.43%、11.34%、10.31%和8.25%。其中从未用过甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂的27个菌株的EC50平均值为(0.544±0.349) μg/mL,可作为敏感基残;高抗和特高抗菌株集中在常施用甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂的河北定州。通过紫外线诱导和药剂驯化的方法获得了番茄叶霉病菌5个抗嘧菌酯突变体,其抗药性不稳定,在不含药PDA平板上继代培养后抗药性水平下降,甚至恢复至敏感状态;除突变体cf 21M1的产孢量高于其亲本外,抗药性突变体的菌落生长速率、产孢量、孢子萌发率均显著低于其亲本菌株,所有抗嘧菌酯突变体及其亲本菌株接种于番茄离体叶片后,突变体病情指数与亲本菌株之间没有显著差异。嘧菌酯与多菌灵、苯醚甲环唑之间不存在交互抗药性。田间抗药性检测及室内抗药性风险评估结果表明,番茄叶霉病菌对嘧菌酯具有较高的抗药性风险。 相似文献
11.
浙江省柑橘绿霉病菌对嘧菌酯的敏感性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用孢子萌发法和生长速率法测定了2000~2006年间采自浙江衢州、杭州、金华、丽水的65个柑橘绿霉病病菌Penicillium digitatum菌株对嘧菌酯的敏感性。结果表明:嘧菌酯对供试菌株 孢子萌发和菌丝生长的EC50值均呈单峰分布,分别介于0.020 1 ~0.260 0 μg/mL和0.005 3 ~0.079 4 μg/mL 之间,平均值分别为0.042 6 μg/mL 和0.025 0 μg/mL。敏感性频次分析结果表明,该65个菌株孢子萌发和菌丝生长对嘧菌酯的敏感性频率分布均符合正态分布,其EC50平均值0.042 6±0.030 4 μg/mL 和0.025 0±0.012 9 μg/mL可分别作为柑橘绿霉病菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长对嘧菌酯的敏感基线。 相似文献
12.
8种杀菌剂对核桃炭疽病病原菌胶孢炭疽菌的室内毒力 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
由胶孢炭疽菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides引起的核桃炭疽病是目前危害山东省核桃生产的主要病害。为筛选防治该病害的高效药剂,在确定了最适菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发温度的基础上,采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法,测定了8种常用杀菌剂对胶孢炭疽菌的毒力,评估了温度对咪鲜胺和戊唑醇毒力的影响,检测了17个胶孢炭疽菌菌株对咪鲜胺和戊唑醇的敏感性,同时评价了这2种杀菌剂的预防和治疗作用。结果显示:在胶孢炭疽菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的最适温度28℃下,供试8种杀菌剂中,咪鲜胺、戊唑醇和三唑酮对供试菌株菌丝生长的抑制作用最强,平均EC50值分别为0.07、1.45和3.04 mg/L;异菌脲、代森锰锌和咪鲜胺对分生孢子萌发的抑制作用最强,平均EC50值分别为21.07、25.14和25.18 mg/L。咪鲜胺对菌丝生长的抑制作用受温度影响较小,而戊唑醇对菌丝生长的抑制作用随温度降低而增强;供试17个菌株对咪鲜胺和戊唑醇均有较高敏感性,平均EC50值分别为0.08 和 1.03 mg/L。建议在核桃炭疽病发病的不同时期,轮换使用咪鲜胺、戊唑醇、三唑酮、异菌脲和代森锰锌等杀菌剂,以有效控制该病害。 相似文献
13.
BACKGROUND: Carbendazim (MBC) has failed to control wheat scab, caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, on the eastern coast of China in recent years after about 30 years of application. RESULTS: MBC resistance was found to be common in pathogen populations on the eastern coast and along areas of the Yangtze River. EC(50) and minimum inhibitive concentration (MIC) values of MBC inhibiting mycelium growth of wild-type isolates were less than 0.9 and 1.4 microg mL(-1) respectively, while EC(50) values of resistant collections averaged 7.02 +/- 11.86 microg mL(-1). The slope of the MBC dosage-response curve (DRC) for resistant isolates of F. graminearum was flat: 1 < b < 2.8 for resistant isolates and 3.5 < b < 11 for sensitive isolates). Both field resistant and sensitive MBC strains shared similar temperature sensitivity, fitness and virulence on ears. Field resistant strains and UV-induced mutants showed positive cross-resistance to other benzimidazole derivatives and were mainly at intermediate MBC resistance level. Highly resistant field MBC strains rarely appeared, but only some of the highly resistant MBC UV mutants were insensitive to N-phenylaminecarbamates. No mutation in beta-tubulin was found in F. graminearum, in contrast to mutation in this tubulin which has led to MBC resistance in other plant pathogens. CONCLUSION: MBC(R) isolates have high fitness and competition in field, conferred by a novel molecular mechanism. 相似文献
14.
Flowers on detached peach shoots and ripe fruit were inoculated under controlled conditions in order to estimate the competitive ability of Monilinia fructicola isolates sensitive and resistant to carbendazim and dicarboximide fungicides. Isolates varied considerably, but there was no consistent relationship between carbendazim resistance and competitive ability; there was, however, evidence of reduced competitive ability in the single dicarboximide-resistant and the dual dicarboximide/high carbendazim-resistant isolate examined. The ability to produce conidia on twig cankers inoculated in late spring 1989 was retained under field conditions by all sensitive and resistant isolates for at least 1 year. Dicarboximide-resistant isolates produced fewer conidia than the carbendazim-resistant and sensitive isolates on cankers. The production of conidia on mummified fruit inoculated in February 1990 decreased in the field during the winter and the following spring, but some conidia were produced by all isolates. Measures of pathogenicity, virulence and fitness for all isolates were similar to the original values after survival for 1 year. The evidence presented in this paper supports field observations that carbendazim-resistant isolates are likely to persist permanently in the M. fructicola population, whereas dicarboximide-resistant isolates are more likely to decline unless fungicide selection pressure is maintained. 相似文献
15.
为明确江苏省葡萄炭疽病菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides群体对苯醚甲环唑、吡唑醚菌酯、咯菌腈和戊唑醇4种杀菌剂的敏感性和抗性水平,本研究采用菌丝生长速率法测定了来自江苏省7个地区的68株葡萄炭疽病菌对上述4种药剂的敏感性,建立敏感基线,并分析菌株抗性水平和抗性频率。结果表明：苯醚甲环唑、吡唑醚菌酯、咯菌腈和戊唑醇对供试68株葡萄炭疽病菌的EC50范围分别为0.03～1.20、0.05～3.48、0.14～1.20 mg/L和0.50～12.30 mg/L;对苯醚甲环唑、吡唑醚菌酯和咯菌腈的敏感基线分别为(0.53±0.032)(1.00±0.15) mg/L和(0.38±0.024) mg/L。68株菌株对戊唑醇的EC50平均值为3.61 mg/L,因敏感性频率分布不符合建立敏感性基线要求,故未建立敏感性基线。供试菌株对苯醚甲环唑均表现为敏感,对吡唑醚菌酯和咯菌腈呈现一定的低抗水平,抗性频率分别为4.41%和3.03%;对戊唑醇呈低抗和中抗水平,抗性频率分别为16.18%和5.88%。该研究为防控江苏省葡萄炭疽病提... 相似文献
16.
The biological characteristics of dicarboximide-resistant isolates of Monilinia fructicola from New Zealand stone-fruit orchards 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Dicarboximide-resistant isolates of Monilinia fructicola were detected in New Zealand stone fruit orchards in 1985. The EC50 values of resistant isolates ranged from 3 to 217 mg a.i./l iprodione, compared with 0-3 to 0-7 mg a.i./l for sensitive isolates. The degree of dicarboximide resistance was maintained over nine generations in fruit tissues in most isolates, but in four isolates there was a significant decline. Three resistant and two sensitive isolates were selected for further study on agar and host tissues. Resistant isolates caused disease, grew and sporulated as well as sensitive isolates on flowers not amended with dicarboximide fungicides, but some were less fit on fruit. The pathogenicity and spore production of a resistant strain on flowers was reduced significantly by dicarboximide applied prior to pathogen inoculation. Fitness of isolates on flowers and on fruit was poorly correlated. Resistant isolates were significantly less competitive than sensitive isolates when mixed inocula were applied to flowers and fruit. The relative performance on flowers and fruit was not a reliable indicator of competitive ability. 相似文献
17.
海南芒果蒂腐病菌对吡唑醚菌酯的抗药性测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从海南芒果主产区采集分离蒂腐病菌Botryodiplodia theobromae。首先采用区分剂量法检测供试菌株对吡唑醚菌酯的抗药性,然后再采用生长速率法测定吡唑醚菌酯对蒂腐病菌的EC_(50)。结果表明:95株芒果蒂腐病菌中有56株在含10mg/L吡唑醚菌酯的PDA培养基中菌落直径大于空白对照的40%,抗性频率为58.95%,来自不同产区的芒果蒂腐病菌对吡唑醚菌酯的抗性频率差异不大。吡唑醚菌酯对供试菌株的EC50在3.12~1525.43mg/L之间,呈连续性正态分布,而抗性最高的菌株的EC_(50)是最敏感菌株EC50的488.92倍。敏感菌株、低抗菌株、中抗菌株及高抗菌株的平均EC_(50)分别为:5.39mg/L、45.34mg/L、144.72mg/L和514.46mg/L。海南芒果蒂腐病菌对吡唑醚菌酯杀菌剂已经产生严重的抗药性。 相似文献
18.
Resistance to polyoxin AL and other fungicides in Botrytis cinerea collected from sweet basil crops in Israel 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mukhiddin Mamiev Nadia Korolev Yigal Elad 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,137(1):79-91
A total of 568 B. cinerea isolates were collected from diseased sweet basil plants and the air in 10 sweet basil greenhouses. Mycelial growth tests were used to evaluate the sensitivity of these isolates to benomyl, fenhexamid, iprodione, polyoxin AL and pyrimethanil. EC50 values for polyoxin, the main botryticide on sweet basil in Israel, ranged from 0.4 to 6.5 μg ml?1 and had a bimodal distribution; the EC50 values for sensitive isolates ranged from 0.4 to 1.5 μg ml?1 and the EC50 values for low-level resistant isolates ranged from 4 to 6.5 μg ml?1. Among populations that had not been exposed to polyoxin treatments, 20 to 35 % of the collected isolates were low-level resistant for polyoxin. Polyoxin treatments in an experimental greenhouse shifted the equilibrium in favour of low-level resistant isolates, and the change occurred rapidly: from a frequency of 20 % low-level resistant isolates in the population that had never been treated with polyoxin to a frequency of 72 % after a few treatments over two seasons. Prolonged use of polyoxin in Israeli basil crops (in some sites for more than 10 years) does not appear to have led to the development of high-level resistance, but low-level resistant isolates were found in commercial greenhouses with the frequency of up to 73 %. High-level resistance to benzimidazoles was common (60 to 80 % of isolates) in greenhouses with a history of benzimidazole treatments; whereas 15–25 % of the isolates from greenhouses in which fungicides were not used were resistant. Low-level resistance to dicarboximides was fairly widespread (frequency of 30 to 80 % depending on the greenhouse) and a few cases of moderate resistance to dicarboximides were also noted (frequency of 0 to 9 %). Neither high- nor low-level resistance to anilinopyrimidines was common in sweet basil commercial greenhouses (0 to 7 %). However, 34 % of the isolates were strongly resistant in the experimental greenhouse, following a few treatments with anilinopyrimidine fungicides during the previous season. Before those treatments, the proportion of anilinopyrimidines resistant isolates had been 1 %. About 3 % of the isolates exhibited low-level resistance to fenhexamid and no isolates were found to be strongly resistant to fenhexamid. Low-level resistance to one fungicide was often associated with low-level resistances to other fungicides. Thirty-two phenotypes exhibiting resistance to one or more of the tested fungicides were noted among B. cinerea isolates. Resistant isolates showed similar or reduced fitness parameters in comparison to wild-type isolates. 相似文献
19.
为明确河南省小麦纹枯病菌对咯菌腈的敏感性,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了咯菌腈对2013年从河南省15个地市分离的98株病菌的毒力。结果表明:咯菌腈对供试小麦纹枯病菌菌株的EC50值在0.009~0.079 μg/mL之间,平均EC50值为(0.025 ±0.012)μg/mL;98个菌株对咯菌腈的敏感性分布呈连续单峰曲线,未出现敏感性下降的亚群体,可将(0.025 ±0.012)μg/mL作为小麦纹枯病菌对咯菌腈的敏感性基线;方差分析(LSD法)及SPSS聚类结果均显示,同一地市内的菌株对咯菌腈的敏感性差异较大,EC50最大值和最小值之比在1.0~4.1之间,而不同地区菌株间对咯菌腈敏感性差异不明显,咯菌腈EC50平均值变化范围在0.015~0.060 μg/mL之间,后者是前者的4倍;小麦纹枯病菌对咯菌腈的敏感性与其对噻呋酰胺、苯醚甲环唑、井冈霉素、丙环唑及戊唑醇的敏感性之间无明显相关性。本研究结果可为河南省小麦纹枯病防控杀菌剂的合理使用提供理论依据。 相似文献
20.
为明确辣椒根腐病致病菌腐皮镰孢Fusarium solani对咯菌腈的抗性风险,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了采自未使用过咯菌腈的5个省份的102株腐皮镰孢对咯菌腈的敏感性。结果表明：咯菌腈对102株腐皮镰孢的EC50范围为0.029 0～0.183 4 mg/L,平均EC50为(0.106 2±0.031 5)mg/L,敏感性频率分布为连续单峰曲线,所以可将其作为供试5个省份腐皮镰孢对咯菌腈的敏感基线。通过药剂驯化和紫外诱导并结合抗性遗传稳定性最终共获得4株腐皮镰孢抗咯菌腈突变体,抗性水平在6.94～32.43倍之间,突变频率分别为3.51×10-4(SDWF1914-Y336和SDWF1914-Y017)和7.41×10-9(SDWF1914-ZR717和JSXZ1906-ZR496)。腐皮镰孢抗咯菌腈突变体生物学性状的研究表明,抗性突变体在菌丝生长速率、产孢量与致病力方面与亲本菌株不存在显著差异。交互抗性测定结果显示,腐皮镰孢对咯菌腈与嘧菌酯、醚菌酯、多菌灵和福美双均无交互抗性。结果表明,供试腐皮镰... 相似文献