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1.
一株红壤花生根际溶磷真菌的分离、鉴定及溶磷能力的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为提高磷素利用率,从花生根际土壤样品中筛选到一株溶磷能力强的菌株B1-A,结合菌落形态特征和ITS rDNA序列分析将其鉴定为黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)。菌株B1-A的不同接种量(1%,3%,5%)在两种难溶性磷酸盐(FePO4,AlPO4)培养液的溶磷量和pH随时间动态变化表明溶磷量均与pH呈显著负相关,B1-A的溶磷量与接种量、培养时间、磷矿粉浓度有关,实验结果表明菌株B1-A在接种量为3%～5%、培养时间168 h、云南磷矿粉浓度为3 g L-1、江西磷矿粉浓度为5 g L-1时溶磷效果较好。菌株B1-A对磷酸三钙、磷酸铝、磷酸铁、磷矿粉有较强的溶解能力,最高溶磷量分别为418.7、942.3、242.2、177.4 mg L-1,有望为开发高效红壤微生物磷肥提供种质资源。 相似文献
2.
溶磷菌是根际促生菌类群中重要组成部分,它转化的磷成为植物生长所需的重要磷源。研究分别从氧化尾矿和白茅根际尾矿中筛选溶磷菌,采用DNA分子技术确定它们的分类地位,并比较它们的溶磷能力和培养液pH的降低值。结果表明,白茅根际尾矿中筛选出的溶磷菌在数量和种类上均多于氧化尾矿,白茅根际尾矿中的筛选的溶磷菌具有更高的溶磷能力,放线菌门溶磷菌的溶磷能力显著低于其他类群的溶磷细菌。白茅根际尾矿中筛选出的隶属于伯克氏菌属的菌株N5-4溶磷能力最强,溶磷量达到536.40 mg L~(-1)。培养过程中,所有溶磷菌培养液的pH均有所降低,除放线菌门的微生物外,培养液pH降低值与溶磷菌的溶磷量存在着显著的正相关性(P0.01,R=0.76)。 相似文献
3.
一株土生克雷伯氏杆菌(k.pneumoniae)溶磷能力的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文采用固、液体无机磷培养基研究了一株从土壤中分离得到的土生克雷伯氏杆菌102菌株,在室内纯培养条件下的溶磷能力。平板透明圈试验结果表明:菌落与菌落+透明圈直径之比为2.4~4.0;液体纯培养条件下,在无可溶性磷存在时其溶解磷矿粉的量高达72.83mg P L-1,在含有10mg P L-1、20mg P L-1磷酸二氢钾时102菌溶解磷矿粉的量分别为61.92、66.36mg P L-1;高效液相色谱测定102菌发酵液中主要含有乙酸、乳酸等有机酸。 相似文献
4.
几株高效溶磷菌株对不同磷源溶磷活力的比较 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在液体培养条件下，研究了4株溶磷菌株(Bmp5、Bmp6、Bmp7和Fmp9)对不同磷源溶解能力的差异并与荧光假单孢菌As1.867和巨大芽孢杆菌As1.223进行了比较，探讨了菌株组合培养对溶磷活力的影响。结果表明，4株菌株对磷酸钙、磷酸铝、磷酸氢钙溶解能力明显高于磷酸铁和卵磷脂。以磷酸钙为磷源时，Fmp9的溶磷量比As1.867和As1.223分别高出约92%和48%；而以磷酸铝为磷源时，As1.223的溶磷量明显高于其他菌株；在磷酸氢钙为磷源的条件下，Bmp6为优势菌株，溶磷量高达785.51mg/L。对比研究发现，Bmp5、Bmp6、Bmp7及Fmp9的优势磷源分别为卵磷脂、磷酸氢钙、磷酸铝和磷酸钙。组合培养表明，Bmp5+Fmp9和Bmp6+Fmp9较单株菌的溶磷量有所增加，为较好的组合。试验得到的溶磷微生物配方已经应用于生物复合肥料的研究，并进行了盆栽实验，得到了较好的效果。该研究可为土壤生物肥料工业的微生物学研究提供借鉴。 相似文献
5.
三种溶磷真菌对不同磷源溶解效果的比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
报道了溶磷菌株P39(Aspergilusspp.)和P66、P2.3(Penicilliumspp.)在液体培养条件下对5种难溶性磷源的溶解效果。试验结果表明,3种溶磷菌株在所有磷源培养基中生长良好,但它们之间的溶磷量相差很大,菌株P39对不同磷源的溶磷效果为磷酸铁>磷酸铝>磷酸钙>宜昌磷矿粉>摩洛哥磷矿粉,其溶磷率分别达到96.60%、84.00%、66.05%、61.43%和41.52%;P66菌株对不同磷源的溶磷效果为磷酸铝>磷酸钙>摩洛哥磷矿粉>宜昌磷矿粉>磷酸铁,溶磷率分别为78.18%、58.45%、41.09%、33.00%和14.27%;而菌株P2.3对不同磷源的溶磷效果要小于菌株P39和P66,研究结果表明P2.3菌株对磷酸铁不具有溶磷活性,对其它4种不同磷源的溶磷效果为磷酸钙>磷酸铝>摩洛哥磷矿粉>宜昌磷矿粉。对不同菌株培养滤液可滴定酸含量和pH测定结果发现,菌株P39的培养滤液可滴定酸含量与pH值之间存在直线相关,菌株P66和P2.3处理的二者相关性不显著,表明不同的溶磷菌株在不同磷源条件下,可能从有机酸组成和含量两方面发生了变化而影响对难溶性磷的溶解。 相似文献
6.
吡虫啉(Imidacloprid)是近年来国内外普遍使用的新型高效烟碱类广谱杀虫剂,残留期约25 d,对土壤有益微生物的生物风险有待评估。利用固、液培养技术,以3株溶解无机磷的伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia Yabunchi B05,B07和B09)为对象,设置0、5、10、20 mg·L~(–1)浓度的吡虫啉处理,研究无机磷细菌(Inorganic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria,IPSB)的生长繁殖、对Ca_3(PO_4)_2的溶解及其机理。结果表明,在固体培养时,吡虫啉显著抑制IPSB生长,但菌株不同抑制程度各异,菌落直径的降幅高达39.81%～55.45%;供试IPSB菌株不同,吡虫啉对它们溶解Ca_3(PO_4)_2能力的影响也不一样,降低B09但提高B05和B07的溶磷圈直径和溶磷指数。在液体培养时,吡虫啉也抑制IPSB生长,菌密度降低49.87%～65.28%。吡虫啉对IPSB溶磷量的影响因浓度和菌株不同而异。具体表现为全浓度范围促进B05溶解无机磷;中、低浓度吡虫啉对B07溶解Ca_3(PO_4)_2无显著影响,高浓度有促进作用;低浓度吡虫啉对B09溶解Ca_3(PO_4)_2无显著影响,中、高浓度产生抑制作用。供试3株IPSB均能分泌氢离子(H~+)、草酸和柠檬酸。除此之外,B05和B07可分泌乙酸,B07还会分泌琥珀酸,B09可分泌苹果酸。在分泌的这些有机酸中,草酸和柠檬酸分泌量最多,合计占有机酸分泌总量的67.65%～83.28%。吡虫啉不同程度地抑制IPSB分泌H~+,但对IPSB分泌有机酸的影响因浓度、菌株和有机酸种类不同而表现出多样性。供试IPSB有机酸分泌总量和H~+分泌量分别与Ca_3(PO_4)_2溶解量呈显著线性正相关(r_(有机酸)=0.876和r_(H+)=0.823,P0.05,n=12)。总之,吡虫啉显著抑制IPSB生长繁殖,通过改变有机酸和H~+的分泌而影响Ca_3(PO_4)_2溶解。农业生产中,施用吡虫啉影响土壤IPSB的代谢、种群结构和溶磷作用。 相似文献
7.
试验研究了不同溶磷细菌的组合效应,筛选出最佳组合,并通过单因子试验和正交试验对最佳组合菌株的培养条件进行了优化。结果表明:溶磷细菌最佳组合为拉恩式菌(W2)+假单胞菌1(W3)+假单胞菌2(W4);W2+W3+W4以葡萄糖为碳源、硫酸铵为氮源培养液有效磷含量最大,为609.1 mg/L,比空白增加了18.4倍;正交试验表明W2+W3+W4的最适培养条件为葡萄糖15 g/L,硫酸铵为0.67 g/L,培养液初始p H值7,接菌量1%,经过进一步实验,W2+W3+W4在优化后培养条件下对磷酸三钙的溶解能力为664.29 mg/L,比在普通发酵培养液中的溶磷量显著增加55.19 mg/L(P0.05),为增强溶磷微生物在土壤中的竞争能力和溶磷能力提供理论基础。 相似文献
8.
无机磷细菌(phosphorus solubilization bacteria,PSB)是重要的土壤有益微生物,它们将植物不能吸收的难溶性无机磷转化为有效磷,对土壤磷素供应十分重要。镉是污染土壤的常见重金属,研究Cd~(2+)胁迫下PSB的生长和溶磷能力,可揭示镉污染对土壤无机磷转化供应的影响,为改善植物磷素供应提供有益信息。试验以重庆市缙云山国家森林公园毛竹林地分离的4株假单胞菌为供试菌株,比较它们的溶磷能力,研究了不同浓度Cd~(2+)对PSB生长和溶磷作用的影响。结果表明:供试菌株溶磷能力PSB05PSB09PSB07PSB01,溶磷指数和溶磷率最高值是最低值的2.08倍和4.14倍。摇瓶培养120 h后,培养液pH表现为PSB01PSB07PSB09PSB05,并与培养液中的无机磷含量(y)呈显著负相关(y=–83.148 pH+581.96,R2=0.9052,n=25)。在固体培养时,PSB05的溶磷圈和菌落直径随培养基中Cd~(2+)浓度提高而降低。在Cd~(2+)浓度0.5~2.0 mg/L液体培养基中,PSB05数量较无Cd~(2+)对照减少22.09%~68.18%,草酸、乙酸、柠檬酸和氢离子分泌量显著下降,溶磷量降低5.27%~38.45%。供试菌株的溶磷能力差异显著;高浓度Cd~(2+)抑制PSB05生长、有机酸和氢离子分泌及溶磷作用,不利于土壤供给磷素。 相似文献
9.
对分离自葛藤(Pueraria lobata L.)根际的一株高效溶磷细菌GTR15进行促生特性、主要生理生化指标测定和16S rDNA序列分析。结果表明,菌株GTR15的HD/CD值(溶磷圈直径HD,菌落直径CD)为2.22,28℃液体振荡培养7 d后对磷酸钙的溶解量为138.72 mg.L-1,分泌IAA(3-吲哚乙酸)及有机酸量分别为14.44 mg.L-1、46.00 mmol.L-1。菌株革兰氏染色为阴性,细胞短杆状;淀粉水解、吲哚、V-P(二乙酰试验)、苯丙氨酸脱氨酶、明胶液化及M-R(甲基红)试验呈阴性;柠檬酸盐、过氧化氢酶、硫化氢及硝酸盐还原等试验呈阳性,结合菌株16S rDNA序列分析结果,初步鉴定为肠杆菌(Enterobacter sp.)。该菌株在研制高效微生物磷肥接种剂方面可能具有较大潜力。 相似文献
10.
一株溶磷细菌的分离、鉴定及其溶磷特性研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从作物根际土壤样品中筛选到一株溶 P 能力强的菌株 GJT-1,结合生理生化指标和16S rDNA 序列分析鉴定其为假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.).菌株 GJT-1 对磷酸三钙、磷酸铝、磷酸铁有一定的溶解能力,28℃培养到第 3 天对磷酸三钙液体培养基的溶 P 量可达 224.51 mg/L.该菌对开阳磷矿粉和宜昌磷矿粉的溶 P 量分别为 194.25 mg/L 和 120.59 mg/L.通过扫描电镜观察到接种活菌处理的磷矿粉表面凹凸且有黏性物质附着,表明菌株 GJT-1 可利用磷矿粉. 相似文献
11.
本文运用构建成功的含有假单胞菌属自身启动子及绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)的质粒pTRGFP电转至假单胞菌解磷细菌K3中,通过激光共聚焦显微镜及质粒检测,获得了发光稳定的标记菌株K3GFP。7天液体摇瓶试验中,标记菌株K3GFP的可溶性P含量在第4天达到最高774μg/ml,而出发菌株K3在第3天时已经达到了最大含量780μg/ml,说明pTRGFP质粒的转入对K3菌株解P能力有一定的影响。标记菌株K3GFP施入自然土壤10天后数量维持在5.47×106CFU/g～2.40×106CFU/g,35天后降到5.0×103CFU/g,说明解磷细菌K3GFP可以在自然土壤中定殖。本试验为研究解磷细菌在根际及土壤中的生长动态等行为特征奠定了基础。 相似文献
12.
Solubilization of hydroxyapatite by Enterobacter agglomerans and cloned Escherichia coli in culture medium 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) possessing the ability to solubilize insoluble inorganic phosphate were isolated from
the rhizosphere soil of wheat. A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the solubilization of phosphate by a known
PSB, Enterobacter agglomerans, and by a genetically manipulated bacterium, Escherichia coli. A second laboratory study investigated the release of P from E. agglomerans compared with known acids. For the first laboratory study, a cosmid (pHC79) library of phosphate-solubilizing gene(s) from
E. agglomerans chromosome DNA was constructed in E. coli JM109. The clone JM109 (pKKY) showing phosphate solubilization properties was screened on standard medium containing hydroxyapatite
(HY). The P concentration significantly increased at 5 and 10 days for JM109 (pKKY) compared with JM109 (pHC79), the control.
Although the P concentration increased, there was no significant change in their pHs. Furthermore, an increase in colony-forming
units (CFUs) was seen at 5 and 10 days for JM109 (pKKY) but not for JM109 (pHC79). Artificial acidification of the culture
medium with HCl, citric acid, oxalic acid, and lactic acid was achieved by shaking for 48h. Acidification with these selected
acids solubilized more HY than E. agglomerans growing for 42h at similar pHs. However, a high P concentration was measured in culture medium with E. agglomerans growing for 84h despite similar pHs. Our results suggest that acid production may play an important role in HY solubilization,
but is not the sole reason for the increase in P concentration in culture medium.
Received: 12 February 1996 相似文献
13.
盆栽条件下溶磷菌对花生生长的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用本实验室在红壤茶园土中筛选出的高效溶磷菌B1,以红壤为基质进行花生盆栽试验,研究溶磷菌B1对花生生长的影响。试验设置接种溶磷菌(B1,苏云金芽孢杆菌)、直接添加草酸(OA)、磷酸二氢钾(KP)以及空白对照(CK)处理。结果表明溶磷菌在红壤中定殖能力强、存活性较好;与对照相比,接种溶磷菌能显著提高土壤有效磷含量,促进花生根瘤的形成以及地下部生长发育,增加根面积、根体积和根尖数,花生果实的双荚果比例提高5%,百仁重高出3.8 g,果实中粗蛋白的含量增加2.5%。各项指标都显示,接种溶磷菌的效果要显著好于直接添加草酸的效果,而与直接添加可溶性磷源的效果相当。因此开发有效的溶磷菌剂应用于大田生产是可行的。 相似文献
14.
15.
Debasis Mitra Snežana Anđelković Ansuman Senapati Tanja Vasić A. N. Ganeshamurthy 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2020,51(5):645-657
ABSTRACTPhosphate-solubilizing microbes (PSM) are widely distributed in the rhizosphere and helps plant to acquire phosphates from soil. The availability of phosphates in soil are governed by several factors among which the proton exchange capacity has been regarded to be the most important factor involved in cation complex formations with soluble phosphates making them unavailable to plants, thereby disturbing the phosphorus cycling events found in arable soils. PSM solubilizes the cation complexes and thereby improves the functioning of phosphorus cycle in soil. In addition to involvement in biogeochemical cycling events, PSM have been also found to have antagonistic potential against several plant phytopathogens. These biocontrol microbes represent the most abundant groups of soil microflora. Among which some nutrient solubilizers have been used for effective biocontrol of important plant diseases. This review article shows contributions of different plant growth promoters used in nutrient and disease management practices in agriculture.Abbreviations: P (phosphorus), PSM (phosphate-solubilizing microbes), PSB (phosphate-solubilizing bacteria), PSF (phosphate-solubilizing fungi), PGPM (plant growth-promoting microbes), PGPB (plant growth-promoting bacteria), SAR (systemic acquired resistance), ISR (induced systemic resistance), TCP (tri-calcium phosphate), HCN (hydrogen cyanide), IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), aPhosphorus [(SSP) single super phosphate, RP (rock phosphate), PM (poultry manure) and FYM (farm yard manure)], PAL (phenylalanine ammonia lyase), ESI-MS (electrospray ionization mass spectrometry), DAPG (2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol) and NMR (1H nuclear magnetic resonance). 相似文献
16.
Elizabeth Pérez 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2007,39(11):2905-2914
With the aim to explore the possible role of mineral phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) in phosphorus (P) cycling in iron-rich, acidic soils, we conducted a survey of PSB naturally colonizing a limonitic crust in the south-east region of Venezuela (Bolívar State). A total of 130 heterotrophic bacterial isolates showing different degrees of mineral tri-calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2)-solubilizing activities were isolated from NBRIP plates. In contrast, no isolates showing iron phosphate (FePO4)- or aluminum phosphate (AlPO4)-solubilizing activities were detected by this experimental approach. The 10 best Ca3(PO4)2-solubilizers were selected for further characterization. These isolates were shown to belong to the genera Burkholderia, Serratia, Ralstonia and Pantoea by partial sequencing analysis of their respective 16S rRNA genes. All the PSB isolates were able to mediate almost complete solubilization of Ca3(PO4)2 in liquid cultures; in contrast, the PSB isolates were less effective when solubilizing FePO4. Two groups of PSB isolates were clearly differentiated on the basis of their Ca3(PO4)2 solubilization kinetics. Acidification of culture supernatants seemed to be the main mechanism for P solubilization. Indeed, gluconic acid was shown to be present in the supernatant of five isolates. Furthermore, detection of genes involved in the production of this organic acid was possible in three isolates by means of a PCR protocol. 相似文献
17.
Seyyed Fazel Fazeli Kakhki Jahanfar Daneshian Sedigheh Anahid 《Journal of plant nutrition》2020,43(14):2117-2143
AbstractA two-year field experiment was conducted to study PGP bacteria on growth and yield productivity of sesame. Factors were control, Nitroxin, Biophosphor, and an equal combination of biofertilizers along with sesame capsule type. 1000-seed weight and oil content increased in the second year, but, seed yield reduced (-12.6?g m2), which represented a negative relationship between seed weight and yield. The effect of year on No. of single and multi-cap node plant?1 was reversed. Seed yield, chlorophyll, protein, and N increased in the multi-cap seed, whereas, 1000-seed weight and seed weight plant?1 was decreased. Maximum yield and yield components were achieved in the second and first year, respectively, along with the multi-cap seed. Nitroxin, after the equal combination, was approximately showed the maximum enhancement of growth and yield productivity of sesame. The most seed yield (4261 k ha?1) was performed in the first year, combined biofertilizers and multi-cap seed, whereas, the highest oil content was gained in the second year and single-cap that it was due to the higher N and P use efficiency in the first year. No. of node plant?1 and capsule No. plant?1 showed the most correlation with the other parameters. Seed yield was correlated with No. of node plant?1 (r?=?0.925) and leaf dry weight (r?=?0.885). The N and P use efficiency had been higher in the first year, multi-cap, and equal combination. Nitrogen Use efficiency was higher compared to phosphorous. The uptake of N and P by sesame increased with the integrated application of different bacteria. 相似文献
18.
低磷土壤接种菌根真菌和解磷细菌对大田玉米生长和磷吸收的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)能与多数陆生植物共生,促进植物吸收养分尤其是磷。解磷细菌(Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria,PSB)可以活化土壤中难溶性无机磷和有机磷。本研究采用苯菌灵对田间低磷土壤中土著AM真菌进行灭菌,并接种外源AM真菌(Glomusversiforme,G.v)和PSB(Pseudomonassp.),研究AM真菌和PSB接种对不同生育期玉米生长、磷养分吸收和产量的影响。结果表明,施用苯菌灵能够有效地抑制土著AM真菌对玉米根系的侵染,未施用苯菌灵处理中土著AM真菌促进了玉米前期和收获期的生长,提高了玉米吸磷量;接种Pseudomonas sp.促进了玉米六叶期根系的生长;接种外源AM真菌G.v促进了玉米六叶期和收获期地上部的生长,但降低了玉米产量。双接种Pseudomonas sp.和G.v对玉米生长、吸磷量和产量未表现出显著的协同效应。 相似文献
19.
Milko A. Jorquera Marcela T. Hernández Zed Rengel Petra Marschner María de la Luz Mora 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2008,44(8):1025-1034
Chilean volcanic soils contain large amounts of total and organic phosphorus, but P availability is low. Phosphobacteria [phytate-mineralizing
bacteria (PMB) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB)] were isolated from the rhizosphere of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), white clover (Trifolium repens), wheat (Triticum aestivum), oat (Avena sativa), and yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) growing in volcanic soil. Six phosphobacteria were selected, based on their capacity to utilize both Na-phytate and Ca-phosphate
on agar media (denoted as PMPSB), and characterized. The capacity of selected PMPSB to release inorganic P (Pi) from Na-phytate
in broth was also assayed. The results showed that from 300 colonies randomly chosen on Luria–Bertani agar, phosphobacteria
represented from 44% to 54% in perennial ryegrass, white clover, oat, and wheat rhizospheres. In contrast, phosphobacteria
represented only 17% of colonies chosen from yellow lupin rhizosphere. This study also revealed that pasture plants (perennial
ryegrass and white clover) have predominantly PMB in their rhizosphere, whereas PSB dominated in the rhizosphere of crops
(oat and wheat). Selected PMPSB were genetically characterized as Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Pantoea; all showed the production of phosphoric hydrolases (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and naphthol phosphohydrolase).
Assays with PMPSB resulted in a higher Pi liberation compared with uninoculated controls and revealed also that the addition
of glucose influenced the Pi-liberation capacity of some of the PMPSB assayed. 相似文献