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1.
《植物营养与肥料学报》2010,(6)
以28年的长期肥料定位试验为基础,探讨了对照不施肥(CK),单施有机肥(M2),单施氮、磷肥(N2P2),有机肥+氮、磷肥配合施用(M2N1P1和M2N2P2)5个施肥处理对关中塿土微量元素Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu有效性的影响。结果表明,长期施肥对耕层土壤有效Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn含量影响较大,在耕层土壤(0—20 cm)中,长期不施肥土壤有效Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn含量均处于亏缺边缘;长期单施氮、磷化肥处理的土壤Fe,Cu,Zn也接近亏缺边缘;而长期单施有机肥、有机肥与氮、磷化肥配合处理,土壤有效Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn含量丰富。与CK相比,M2、M2N1P1、M2N2P2均可显著增加0—10 cm土层中有效Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn含量,10 cm以下土层中,土壤有效Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn在一定程度上也有增加趋势;N2P2也可增加0—10 cm土层中土壤有效Fe和Mn含量(有效Mn达到显著水平),有效Cu含量降低,对有效Zn含量没有影响,而10 cm以下土层中土壤有效Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn与CK无明显差异。因此,塿土在不施用有机肥的情况下,应施用微肥以保证作物需求;即使施用有机肥,也应适当补充铁肥和锰肥。有机肥和氮、磷化肥配合施用的土壤微量元素养分状况较好。 相似文献
2.
长期施肥对关中土微量元素有效性的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以28年的长期肥料定位试验为基础,探讨了对照不施肥（CK）,单施有机肥（M2）,单施氮、磷肥（N2P2）,有机肥+氮、磷肥配合施用（M2N1P1和M2N2P2）5个施肥处理对关中土微量元素Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu有效性的影响。结果表明,长期施肥对耕层土壤有效Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn含量影响较大,在耕层土壤（0—20cm）中,长期不施肥土壤有效Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn含量均处于亏缺边缘; 长期单施氮、磷化肥处理的土壤Fe,Cu,Zn也接近亏缺边缘; 而长期单施有机肥、有机肥与氮、磷化肥配合处理,土壤有效Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn含量丰富。与CK相比,M2、M2N1P1、M2N2P2均可显著增加0—10 cm土层中有效Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn含量, 10 cm以下土层中,土壤有效Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn在一定程度上也有增加趋势; N2P2也可增加0—10 cm土层中土壤有效Fe和Mn含量（有效Mn达到显著水平）,有效Cu含量降低,对有效Zn含量没有影响,而10 cm以下土层中土壤有效Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn与CK无明显差异。因此,土在不施用有机肥的情况下,应施用微肥以保证作物需求; 即使施用有机肥,也应适当补充铁肥和锰肥。有机肥和氮、磷化肥配合施用的土壤微量元素养分状况较好。 相似文献
3.
研究叶面喷施含BacillusamyloliquefaciensSQR9复合微生物液体肥料在辣椒和白菜上的应用效果,以期开发出根际有益微生物新的应用模式和新的叶面肥产品。以辣椒和白菜为供试材料,设以下6个处理评估肥料效果:喷施清水处理(CK)、喷施与复合微生物液体肥料等养分的化肥处理(CF)、喷施含化肥+氨基酸+糖蜜的水溶肥处理(T1)、喷施含化肥+氨基酸+糖蜜+微量元素的水溶肥处理(T2)、喷施含化肥+氨基酸+糖蜜+SQR9的水溶肥处理(T3)和喷施含化肥+氨基酸+糖蜜+微量元素+SQR9的复合微生物液体肥料处理(T4)。盆栽试验结果表明,与其他5个处理(CK、CF、T1、T2、T3)相比,T4处理在各项促生指标上虽未全部达到显著性差异,但其更能够促进辣椒和白菜的生长,提高其生物学性状。可培养微生物数量上,新型含菌株SQR9复合微生物液体肥料的喷施,增加了叶际芽孢杆菌的数量;与喷施清水对照(CK)和与复合微生物液体肥料等养分的化肥处理(CF)相比,其他4个处理(T1、T2、T3、T4)对辣椒和白菜叶际可培养微生物数量影响更大,而喷施含Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9复合微生物液体肥料(T4)的影响更为明显。叶面喷施含Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9复合微生物液体肥料可有效促进辣椒和白菜的生长。 相似文献
4.
5.
《土壤通报》2018,(6)
用秸秆热裂解液态产物制备有机-无机水溶肥(以下简称炭基水溶肥),探讨其在蔬菜生产上的应用效果。提取生物质炭可溶性有机物,配合添加无机养分,制备成炭基有机无机水溶肥(S),设置不同稀释倍数(x)喷施的空心菜小区试验,并与某品牌的市售商品水溶肥(D)对比,分析对空心菜产量、叶绿素、品质、常量及微量元素含量的影响。结果表明,炭基水溶肥对空心菜产量、品质及养分的影响与肥料施用的稀释倍数密切相关。同D4x相比,S10x、S8x和S5x显著提高空心菜产量达22.60%～38.98%,S10x和S8x显著提高维生素C含量7.68%和8.78%,S12x、S10x和S8x显著提高全N含量达4.76%～8.70%,S8x和S5x显著提高全K含量均约24%。炭基水溶肥与市售水溶肥都显著降低硝酸盐含量,同CK相比,S12x、S10x和D4x的降幅为15.69%～22.41%。炭基水溶肥还显著提高空心菜Fe、Mn和Zn等微量元素含量,以S10x和S8x处理效果尤为显著。施用炭基水溶肥具有空心菜增产优质的综合作用效果,且以8x～10x稀释处理效果最佳,且大部分指标明显优于供试的市售水溶肥。因此,生物质热裂解产品在开发有机-无机水溶肥方面具有一定的市场潜力。 相似文献
6.
优化施肥对小麦品质和产量的效应研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
采用正交旋转组合设计,针对N、P、K、Zn 4种肥料对小麦产量和品质的效应进行探讨,结果表明:N、P对产量都达显著正效应,N对湿面筋含量达极显著正效应,P与湿面筋含量呈显著负效应,K、Zn对产量和品质效应微弱。4种肥料对产量的影响顺序为:N>P>Zn>K,对湿面筋含量的影响顺序为:N>P>K>Zn。小麦产量和品质都较理想的施肥区间为N 252.8～294.2 kg/hm2,P 111.0～139.1kg/hm2, K145.8～153.0kg/hm2, Zn 9.8～12.1kg/hm2, 合理的配比为N:P2O5:K2O:ZnSO4=1:0.46:0.55:0.04 相似文献
7.
利用O3-FACE平台研究近地面臭氧浓度升高（目标值比周围大气高50%）对2009—2010年间麦季各生育期不同深度（0～5cm,5～10cm和10～15cm）耕层土壤微量元素有效性和成熟期地上部分微量元素累积量的影响。结果表明,近地层大气O3浓度增加提高了麦季耕层（0～15cm）土壤中有效性Fe、Mn含量,降低了有效性Cu、Zn含量,对Zn的减幅达27.3%（P〈0.05）;大气O3浓度升高对土壤5～10cm土层DTPA提取态Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn的影响最大;高O3浓度显著降低了5～10cm和10～15cm土壤DTPA-Zn含量（P〈0.05）。O3浓度升高降低了小麦成熟期生物量和微量元素累积量。对不同层次土壤有效态微量元素和成熟期微量元素累积量对O3浓度升高响应进行了分析,同时指出应从土壤性质和作物生长两个方面进一步研究全球大气环境变化对土壤有效态微量元素的影响机制。 相似文献
8.
《水土保持学报》2016,(2)
为揭示尾巨桉人工林生长过程中微量元素积累及其生物循环特征,采用野外定位监测与室内分析方法,对连续年龄序列2~6a生尾巨桉人工林5种微量元素(Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B)的含量、积累、分配和生物循环进行了研究。研究结果表明:(1)尾巨桉不同器官5种微量元素含量存在差异,树叶或干皮中微量元素含量最高,其次是树枝和树根,最低是干材;各器官不同微量元素含量均以Mn或Fe最高,其次是Zn和B,Cu最低。(2)2~6a生尾巨桉人工林微量元素贮存量分别为9.264,13.046,17.749,20.516,22.248kg/hm~2,随林分生长过程而逐渐增加,其中乔木层贮存量占60.34%~65.36%,灌草层占13.74~17.56%,地表凋落物层占20.47%~22.16%;林木中不同器官微量元素贮存量以干材最高,其次是树根、干皮和树叶,最低为树枝。(3)5个林龄尾巨桉人工林微量元素年净积累量分别为3.032,2.817,2.803,2.476,2.267kg/(hm~2·a),不同微量元素年净积累量以Mn最高,其次是Fe、Zn和B,Cu最低。(4)5个林龄尾巨桉人工林微量元素年吸收量分别为4.885,5.007,5.594,5.164,4.468kg/(hm~2·a),年归还量分别为1.853,2.190,2.791,2.688,2.201kg/(hm~2·a),营养元素的利用系数分别为0.807,0.593,0.500,0.417,0.332,循环系数为0.379,0.437,0.499,0.521,0.498,周转期为3.269,3.858,4.002,4.605,6.174a。除Mn外,B、Zn、Cu和Fe周转期均明显小于林分实际年龄。由此可见,尾巨桉人工林早期生长过程中微量元素利用率较低,归还速率较慢,中、后期归还的微量元素较多,归还速率较快,但由于林木中B、Zn、Cu利用效率较高,周转时间较长。因此,应通过施加B、Zn、Cu等微量元素肥料,以维持林地的持久生产力。 相似文献
9.
秸秆中金属元素是关系农作物秸秆科学利用的重要组成部分,目前还没有统一的秸秆中金属元素原子吸收光谱(atomic absorption spectroscopy,AAS)测定方法标准,该研究采用原子吸收光谱测定黄芪(GBW10028)标准物质、玉米秸秆、小麦秸秆和棉花秸秆中金属元素含量,比较了不同前处理方法对样品中K、Cu、Fe、Zn和Mg分析结果的影响。结果表明:微波消解、干法灰化和湿法消解测定黄芪(GBW10028)标准物质中金属元素含量差异性显著(P<0.05),微波消解比干法灰化、湿法消解准确度高。微波消解对玉米秸秆、小麦秸秆和棉花秸秆中各金属元素的影响与黄芪(GBW10028)标准物质趋于一致。微波HNO3与微波HNO3-H2O2测定结果差异性不显著(P>0.05),微波HNO3比微波HNO3-H2O2和微波HNO3-H2SO4测定结果稳定。微波HNO3是进行秸秆样品金属元素含量测定时较准确简便的前处理方法。 相似文献
10.
吉林省黑土某些微量元素环境地球化学特征 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
根据吉林省第二次土壤普查资料 ,对黑土中微量元素B、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo和Zn的全量、有效态含量、它们在土壤剖面中的迁移分布等环境地球化学特征及其影响因素进行了研究 ,得出如下结论 :①吉林省黑土B、Mn、Mo、Zn的全量缺乏 ,Cu、Fe的全量略低 ;②黑土B、Cu、Zn的有效态含量缺乏 ,其中Zn严重缺乏 ;③黑土剖面中 ,B、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Zn等微量元素全量与有效态含量分布相似 ,均以淋溶层最低 ,表层和淀积层较高 (Mo的全量除外 )。微量元素有效态含量剖面分布中淀积层层次较深 ,表层富集程度稍强 ;④黑土中B、Fe、Mn、Mo、Zn的有效态含量与土壤有机质含量呈显著的正相关 ;B、Mo的有效态含量与 pH值呈显著正相关 ,而Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn的有效态含量则与pH值呈负相关 ;黑土B、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Zn有效态含量与其全量均达到显著相关水平。根据吉林省黑土中微量元素全量和有效态含量分布的特点 ,需施用微量元素肥料 ,增加黑土中微量元素的含量 ,促进该地区农业的可持续发展 相似文献
11.
Variability of sulfate sorption in a sandy Gleyic Podzol under a pine stand In acid forest soils sulfate can be stored by sorption processes. We studied the vertical heterogeneity and the horizontal variability of sulfate sorption in a sandy forest soil under a pine stand. Disturbed soil samples were taken from the horizons of a Gleyic Podzol (vertical heterogeneity). From a 120-m transect, 25 soil samples were taken from depth increment 35—50 cm and 65—80 cm at 5-m intervals by means of a hand auger (horizontal variability). In batch experiments, sulfate sorption isotherms were measured for all profile and transect samples. The Freundlich equation is suitable to describe the individual isotherms. The sulfate sorption isotherms show considerable differences in the horizons of the profile, systematic relations between the isotherm parameters and soil properties are not obvious. In order to quantify the spatial variability of the sulfate sorption isotherms, a scaling technique is used. The spatial distribution of scale factors for depth 35—50 cm along the transect reveals a periodicity of about 17 m length. The same recurrent pattern is also identified in the spatial distribution of the cumulative sulfate deposition by canopy throughfall along the transect, and in the spatial distribution of contents of iron and aluminium oxides soluble in oxalic acid at depth level 35—50 cm. This does, however, not refer to organic carbon content and pH at this depth. From these results it is concluded that in this soil at depth 35—50 cm oxide contents are related to the amount of sulfate deposition by throughfall. In spatial ranges with high sulfate and thus acid deposition, oxide contents of the soil are decreased by accelerated podzolization, and therefore, also the sulfate sorption of the soil is low in these ranges. The period length of this recurrent pattern of about 17 m is probably only an apparent period length that results from aliasing, because a very probably real periodicity of 3—4 m length, related to the canopy edge distribution of the pine trees along the transect, is sampled at an interval of 5 m. In the subsoil (65—80 cm depth) such relations could not be detected. 相似文献
12.
Shahram Torabian Morteza Zahedi Amir Hossein Khoshgoftar 《Journal of plant nutrition》2017,40(5):615-623
This study investigated the effects of foliar spray of normal and nano-particles of iron sulfate (FeSO4) on the response of sunflower cultivars to salinity. Treatments included five cultivars (Alstar, Olsion, Yourflor, Hysun36 and Hysun33), two salinity levels (0 and 100 mM sodium chloride (NaCl)), and three levels of fertilizer application. Fertilizer treatments were the foliar application of normal and nano-particles of FeSO4. Foliar application of FeSO4 in either form increased leaf area, shoot dry weight, net carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation rate (A), sub-stomatal CO2 concentration (Ci), chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm and iron (Fe) content and decreased sodium (Na) content in leaves. The extent of increase in chlorophyll a content by foliar spray of FeSO4 nano-particles was significantly greater than normal form. The results showed that the FeSO4 nano-particles increased biomass production of sunflower plants greater in comparison with normal form, although no significant difference was found between two forms. 相似文献
13.
The effect of soil applied zinc (Zn) sulfate and seed priming with Zn-glutamine [Zn(Gln)2], Zn-glycine [Zn(Gly)2], Zn-arginine [Zn(Arg)2], and Zn-histidine [Zn(His)2] on yield and grain nutritional quality of two bread (Triticum aestivum L. cvs. Back Cross and Kavir) and a durum wheat genotype (Triticum durum L. cv. Durum) was investigated. Seed priming with [Zn(Gly)2] and [Zn(Gln)2] increased grain yield of wheat over soil applied Zn-sulfate treatment by 46 and 14%, respectively. Seed priming with [Zn(Gln)2], [Zn(Arg)2], and [Zn(His)2] significantly increased grain protein content of wheat in comparison with control treatment. Seed priming with [Zn(Arg)2] and [Zn(His)2] resulted in higher Zn and Fe accumulation in wheat grain as compared with the other Zn treatments. Priming seeds with [Zn(Arg)2] reduced phytic acid to Zn molar ratio of wheat grain. Seed priming with [Zn(Arg)2] and [Zn(His)2] might be used as an alternative approach for soil application of Zn-sulfate to overcome Zn deficiency in calcareous soils. 相似文献
14.
在实验酸性硫酸盐条件和酸性硫酸盐土壤上可溶性铝的控制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The controls of soluble Al concentration were examined in three situations of acid sulfate conditions:1) experimental acid sulfate conditions by addition of varying amounts of Al(OH)3(gibbsite) into a sequence of H2SO4 solutions;2)experimental acid sulfate conditions by addition of the same sequence of H2SO4 solutions into two non-cid sulfacte soil samples with known amounts of acid oxalate extractable Al; and 3) actual acid sulfate soil conditions.The experiment using gibbsite as an Al-bearing mineral showed that increase in the concentration of H2SO4 solution increased the soluble Al concentration,accompanied by a decrease i the solution pH, Increasing amount of gibbsite added to the H2SO4 solutions also increased soluble Al concentration,but resulted in an increase in solution pH.Within the H2SO4 concentration range of 0.0005-0.5mol L^-1 and the Al(OH)3 range of 0.01-0.5g(in 25 mL of H2SO4 solutions),the input of H2SO4 had the major control on soluble Al Concentration and pH .The availability of Al(OH)3，however,was responsible for the spread fo the various sample points,with a tendency that the samples containing more gibbsite had a higher soluble Al concentration than those containing less gibbsite at equivalent pH levels.The experimental results from treatment of soil samples with H2SO4 solutions and the analytical results of acid sulfate soils also showed the similar trend. 相似文献
15.
Tanabhatsakorn SUKITPRAPANON Anchalee SUDDHIPRAKARN Irb KHEORUENROMNE Somchai ANUSONTPORNPERM Robert J. GILKES 《土壤圈》2020,30(3):390-404
Potential acid sulfate soils (PASS) are drained for agriculture, resulting in the formation of active acid sulfate soils (AASS), which gradually evolve into post-active acid sulfate soils (PAASS). Various redox concentrations (precipitates, costings, and mottles) occur in these soils as a result of pedogenic processes including biological activity and effects of land management. Although several studies have determined the mineralogy and geochemistry of ASS, the mineralogy and geochemistry of redox concentrations occurring in a sequence of ASS through PASS to PAASS have not been investigated. This study examined the mineralogy and geochemistry of redox concentrations and matrices within 5 PASS, 8 AASS, and 5 PAASS in Thailand. The labile minerals were predominantly controlled by oxidation status and management inputs. The unoxidized layers of PASS, AASS, and PAASS contained pyrite and mackinawite. The oxidation of Fe sulfides caused acidification and accumulation of yellow redox concentrations of jarosite and Fe (hydr)oxides at shallow depths. As the soils became well developed, they were recognized as PAASS, and the jarosite and goethite transformed to hematite. As ASS were drained, Co, Mn, Ni, and Zn moved downward and were associated with Fe sulfides and Mn oxides in the unoxided layer. Concentrations of As, Cu, Cr, Fe, and V did not change with depth because these elements became associated with jarosite and Fe (hydr)oxides in yellow and red redox concentrations, as well as the root zone, in the partly oxidized layer of AASS and PAASS. Arsenic was associated with pyrite under reducing conditions. 相似文献
16.
通过田间试验研究了钾肥用量(K2O 75、150、225 kg/hm2)与种类对棉花产量、养分吸收及经济效益的影响。结果表明:施硫酸钾与硫酸钾镁都能增加产量,提高养分含量及经济效益,两者相比,在低、中、高3个水平上棉花产量前者比后者分别提高3.5%、3.2%和1.4%;相比硫酸钾镁,施硫酸钾可使棉花对氮、磷的吸收量增加,棉花根的氮含量平均增加13.9%,茎的磷含量平均增加2.7%,但对钾、钙、镁、硫的吸收量影响较少。施用硫酸钾比施用硫酸钾镁所获的效益平均高540元/hm2,且在施K2O 75 kg/hm2处理所获效益最高,比不施钾肥多获效益10 350元/hm2。 相似文献
17.
某极度酸化的酸性硫酸盐土壤中可溶性和交换性酸的特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
An extremely acidified acid sulfate soil(ASS) was investigated to characterise its soluble and exchangeable acidity,The results showed that soluble acidity of a sample dtermined by titration with a KOH soulution was much significantly greater than that indicated by pH measured using a pH meter,paricularly for the extremely acidic soil samples,This is because the total soluble acidity of the extremely acidic soil samples was mainly composed of various soluble Al and Fe species,possibly in forms of Al sulfate complexes(e.g.,AlSO4^ ) and feerous Fe(Fe^2 )_,It is therefore suggested not to use pH alone as an indicator of soluble acidity in ASS,particularly for extremely acidic ASS,It is also likely that AlSO4^ actively participated in cation exchange reactions.It appears that the possible involvement of this Al sulfate cation in the cation adsorption has significant effect on increasing the amount of acidity being adsorbed by the soils. 相似文献
18.
T. Chatzistathis A. Delviniotis A. Panagakos A. Giannakoula V. Tranaka A. Molassiotis 《Journal of plant nutrition》2017,40(12):1728-1742
A 6-month field experiment (from October to March) was conducted in a 20-year-old experimental grove of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in order to enhance its micronutrient levels and assess the effect of micronutrient foliar application manganese, zinc and boron (Mn, Zn and B) on mineral nutrition, chlorophyll concentration and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fv/F0 and Performance index, PI) of the olive trees (cv. “Chondrolia Chalkidikis”). The experiment consisted of four treatments (Control-C: trees sprayed with deionized water, T50: trees sprayed with 50 mg/L Mn, Zn and B, T100: trees sprayed with 100 mg/L Mn, Zn and B, T200: trees sprayed with 200 mg/L Mn, Zn and B); the three micronutrients were applied in the forms of manganese sulfate (MnSO4), zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and boric acid (H3BO3), respectively. The results showed that the most effective treatment for the enhancement of foliar Mn and B levels was T200, while for the increase of Zn levels was T100. In addition, significant differences among the treatments were recorded for most leaf nutrient concentrations (with the exception of potassium (K), which was not influenced by foliar treatment, the other macronutrients, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), as well as iron (Fe), obtained their maximum concentrations, at the end of the experiment, in C or T50 treatment). Chlorophyll concentrations were not influenced by foliar treatment. Concerning chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fv/F0 and P index), significantly lower values were found in the control (C) trees, compared to the other three treatments, so it seems that a chlorophyll fluorescence technique may be used to detect micronutrient deficiencies in olive groves. However, from all the leaf nutrient concentrations determined, it was found that with the exceptions of: 1) Mn concentrations in the C, T50 and T100 treatments, which were marginal, or slightly deficient; 2) B and Zn concentrations in the C and T50 treatments, which were slightly deficient and marginal, respectively; 3) some K concentrations during the early spring period, which were slightly deficient, all the other concentrations were within the normal levels of sufficiency or within the optimum range, so no serious nutrient deficiency was detected. 相似文献
19.
J. A. Souza S. Buzetti M. C. M. Teixeira Filho 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(19):2200-2207
Quantitatively, nitrogen (N) is the foremost nutrient for maize crops (Zea mays L.), but the N source to increase the grain productivity still needs more investigation. Thus, the aim of this experiment was to study sources, rates and time of N application on the crop yield and agronomic characteristics of the maize under no-tillage system. The experiment was carried out during two growing seasons on an Oxisol under the factorial 5 × 3 × 3 scheme with five N rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha?1) and three sources (ammonium-sulfate-nitrate as inhibitor of the nitrification (ASN+I), ammonium sulfate (AS) and urea); we applied them two times with four replicates: first time at the sowing or later under side dressing when the plants had the six leaves stage. In the first year, the sources of N had no influence on the number of grain line /ear (NGLE), grain number/line (GNL), total number of grain/ear (TNFE), biomass of 100 grain, plant height (PH), height of the first ear insertion (AFEI) and stalk diameter, in contrast with the foliar N content and the crop yield. Early fertilization with N at the sowing time can afford applications as well as the total side dressing. The increase of the rates had positive influence on the N foliar content, plant height and 100 grains biomass. The highest productivities were found with rates above the threshold of 150 kg ha?1, no matter the sources and the fertilization time. 相似文献
20.
为探讨FeSO4引发提高秦艽种子萌发抗性的生理机制,同时设置水引发处理,以未作任何处理的种子为对照(CK),研究了0.6%FeSO4引发处理24 h对种子膜透性、储藏性物质、能量、激素及抗性相关酶等方面的影响。结果表明:FeSO4引发降低了种子膜透性,提高种子活力,在吸水12 h和24 h时,电导率分别较CK降低了6.61%和11.67%;调动了种子内部储藏物质的代谢,蔗糖含量减少9.57%,可溶性蛋白增加49.63%,饱和脂肪酸中的豆蔻酸和木焦油酸甲酯含量分别增加4.93%和9.03%,不饱和脂肪酸中的山嵛酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸分别减少6.73%、8.18%、8.40%和6.70%;改变了种子激素平衡,其中脱落酸的含量下降64.78%,赤霉素含量增加近22倍;加速了种子能量代谢, ATP含量增加2.16倍,细胞色素C氧化酶活性增加67.91%。此外,FeSO4引发使线粒体非酶促系统中谷胱甘肽含量和抗坏血酸的含量分别增加74.08%和10.89%,使细胞内酶促系统超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性分别增加285%、179%以及19.6%。因此,FeSO4引发对种子萌发是一个综合过程,一方面可促进种子物质代谢和提高能荷水平,一方面可改善种子内部生理状态和提高胁迫响应能力,从而提高种子活力,促进种子快速和整齐萌发。 相似文献