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1.
Harsukh Popatbhai Gajera Rinkal Kishorbhai Domadiya Sunil Vrajlal Patel Baljibhai Arjanbhai Golakiya 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2014,17(2):79-88
The genetic variability and relationships among 11 cowpea genotypes representing two cultivars and nine elite genotypes were analyzed using 22 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and nine inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. ISSR markers were more efficient than RAPD assay with regards to polymorphism detection. But the average numbers of polymorphic loci per primer and resolution power were found to be higher for RAPD than for ISSR. Also, the total number of genotype specific marker loci, Nei’s genetic diversity, Shannon’s information index, total heterozygosity, and average heterozygosity were prominent in RAPD as compared to ISSR markers. The regression test between the two Nei’s genetic diversity indices showed low regression (0.3733) between ISSR and RAPD + ISSR-based similarities but maximum (0.9823) for RAPD and RAPD + ISSR-based similarities. The RAPD- and ISSR-generated cultivar- or genotype-specific unique DNA fingerprints able to identify the most diverse genotypes. A dendrogram constructed based on RAPD and ISSR combined data indicated a very clear pattern of clustering according to the groups (cultivars and elite genotypes). The results of principal coordinate analysis were comparable to the cluster analysis. Cluster analysis showed that most diverse genotypes (GP-125 — small size with good seed quality; GP-129, GP-90L — big size with poor seed quality) were separated from moderately diverse cultivars and genotypes. The genetic closeness among GP-129 and GP-90L, JCPL-42, and JCPL-107 could be explained by the high degree of commonness in these genotypes. 相似文献
2.
ISSR标记对34份樱桃种质资源的遗传分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用ISSR标记对34份樱桃种质资源进行遗传多样性检测。结果发现,ISSR标记能够揭示材料间较高的遗传多样性。每个引物可获得6～12条DNA片段,平均为8.76条;17个ISSR引物共扩增出149条DNA片段,其中143条具有多态性,多态性比率（PPB）为95.97%;平均多态信息量（PIC）为0.90;每个位点有效等位基因数（Ne）为1.914;材料间遗传相似系数GS变幅为0.44～0.91,平均达0.73。通过聚类,从分子水平对樱桃种质资源的遗传关系进行分析,并对34份资源进行分类,ISSR标记能将34份樱桃种质完全区分开,为樱桃种质资源的研究利用提供参考。 相似文献
3.
利用ISSR标记研究鹅观草属种质资源的遗传多样性 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为进一步了解鹅观草属种质资源的遗传背景和拓宽牧草育种的遗传基础,科学指导鹅观草属种质资源的收集、评价和利用,利用ISSR(Inter simple sequence repeat marker)标记对鹅观草属20个种,6个变种,共60份材料进行了遗传多样性检测。结果发现,被测材料间ISSR标记的多态性较高,在20个引物中,有16个引物可扩增出清晰且重复性好的DNA片段,共产生125条DNA片段,其中104条具有多态性,多态性比率为83.20%;每个引物可扩增出6～10条DNA片段,平均7.81条,材料间遗传相似系数GS变幅为0.188～0.879,平均值为0.375;聚类分析表明,在遗传相似系数为0.441的水平上,60份材料可以聚为5类,属于同种、同组、同系的不同材料首先聚在一起,然后再与其他种的材料聚在一起,此外,材料的聚类还表现出一定的地域性规律。 相似文献
4.
应用SRAP与ISSR分析烟草种质资源遗传多样性及遗传演化关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用ISSR与SRAP两种分子标记,研究国内外96份烟草种质的遗传多样性及不同栽培类型种质的遗传演化关系。表明烟属种间具有丰富的遗传多样性,种间的遗传相似性(GS)在0.28~0.58之间,遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.83。普通栽培种品种间遗传多样性水平较低,品种间的遗传相似性在0.61~0.99之间,栽培种内的遗传多样性为烤烟>晒晾烟>白肋烟>香料烟。当相似系数在0.67作切割线时,基于2种标记的96份烟草种质资源的聚类结果为,(1)普通烟草栽培品种材料91份聚在同一大类,而黄花烟、黏烟草、浅波烟草、哥西氏烟草、香甜烟草5个种也分别为单独的个类,同普通烟草栽培种类群完全区别开来;(2)从进化上看,烤烟和晒晾烟间的遗传进化关系最近,香料烟和黄花烟之间的亲缘关系较远;普通烟草栽培种中国内外来源的烟草品种亲缘关系极其相近,遗传分化现象甚微;(3)2种分子标记虽然原理不同,但分析结果趋势相近(r=0.68,P=1.000)。 相似文献
5.
Belayneh Ayalew Desalegne Kifle Dagne Gedil Melaku Boukar Ousmane Christian A. Fatokun 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2017,20(2):107-128
The extent of genetic diversity and relatedness of cowpea germplasm from East Africa are poorly understood. A set of 13 microsatellites (SSR) and 151 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers were applied to assess the levels of genetic diversity in a sample of 95 accessions of local cowpea germplasm and inbred lines of Vigna unguiculata. The average genetic diversity (D), as quantified by the expected heterozygosity, was higher for SSR loci (0.52) than for SNPs (0.34). The polymorphic information content was 0.48 for SSR and 0.28 for SNP while the fixation index was 0.095 for SSR and 0.15 for SNPs showing moderate differentiation and high gene flow among cowpea accessions from East African countries. The results of data analysis of both SSR and SNP markers showed similar clustering patterns suggesting a substantial degree of association between origin and genotype. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) with SSR and SNP markers showed that accessions were grouped into two and three broad groups across the first two axes, respectively. Our study found that SNP markers were more effective than SSR in determining the genetic relationship among East African local cowpea accessions and IITA inbred lines. Based on this analysis, five local cowpea accessions Tvu-13490, Tvu-6378, Tvu-13448, Tvu-16073, and 2305675 were identified to be tightly clustered sharing several common alleles with the drought tolerant variety Danila when analyzed with SSR and SNP markers. The findings will assist and contribute to future genetic diversity studies aimed at the genetic improvement of local Eastern Africa cowpea accessions for improved overall agronomic performance in general and breeding for drought tolerant in particular. 相似文献
6.
Rolando Cabello Philippe Monneveux Felipe De Mendiburu Merideth Bonierbale 《Euphytica》2013,193(2):147-156
Drought strongly influences potato (Solanum tuberosum) production and quality. Potato being a drought susceptible crop, the development of varieties with enhanced tolerance to water stress could highly improve productivity in drought prone areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of several yield based indices to be used in large scale screening for drought tolerance. The experiment included improved varieties, genetic stocks and landraces potatoes grown under drought and irrigated conditions. A group of accessions with high yield under both conditions was identified. Mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), tolerance (TOL), drought tolerance index (DTI), drought susceptible index (DSI) and yield stability index (YSI) were calculated from tuber yield under drought and irrigated conditions. The relationships between these indices and yield were analyzed. The Fleiss’ Kappa concordance test was used to analyze the correspondence between accessions previously identified as highly productive under both drought and irrigated conditions and accessions with optimal values for the different indices. MP, GMP and DTI allowed identifying genotypes combining high yield potential and high yield under drought within the three subsets of genotypes. Conversely, DSI, YSI and TOL showed low and variable concordance values across subsets, suggesting that their efficiency in screening genotypes highly depends on the nature of the tested genetic material. 相似文献
7.
The genetic divergence among 34 genotypes belonging to 12 species of genus Cajanus were carried out using plant pest interaction and DNA marker analysis. Principal component analysis based on average percentage of pod damage caused by pod borer, plume moth, and blue butterfly in the field conditions, and growth of their larva and pupa on an artificial diet in vitro dispersed these genotypes into four coordinates evincing high genetic divergence as expected. DNA marker analysis using 11 pairs of SSR and nine ISSR primers showed higher polymorphism at the species level, and these primers exhibited variation with regard to average band informativeness, resolving power, and PIC value. No single primer was able to distinguish between all the 34 genotypes of Cajanus but nine species specific amplified fragments were generated by five ISSR primers. The pairwise Jaccard’s similarity coefficient and Nei’s genetic distance values revealed a higher level of inter-specific genetic variation in the genus Cajanus. The clustering of genotypes based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient vis-a-vis Nei’s genetic distance agreed with the sectional classification of the genus Cajanus. Seven cultivars of C. cajan and the genotypes of their wild progenitor C. cajanifolius remained in one cluster, whereas accessions of C. platycarpus and C. scarabaeoides were out grouped. The rest of the genotypes belonging to nine species of Cajanus formed another cluster. The principal coordinate analysis also supported this clustering pattern. Moreover, these findings have good many implications for future breeding endeavors aimed at the introgression of pod borer resistance alleles. 相似文献
8.
9.
Developing tolerant genotypes is crucial for stabilizing maize productivity under drought stress conditions as it is one of the most important abiotic stresses affecting crop yields. Twenty seven genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.) were evaluated for drought tolerance for three seasons under well watered and water stressed conditions to identify interactions amongst various tolerance traits and grain yield as well as their association with SSR markers. The study revealed considerable genetic diversity and significant variations for genotypes, environment and genotype × environment interactions for all the traits. The ranking of genotypes based on drought susceptibility index for morpho-physiological traits was similar to that based on grain yield and principal component analysis. Analysis of trait – trait and trait – yield associations indicated significant positive correlations amongst the water relations traits of relative water content (RWC), leaf water potential and osmotic potential as well as of RWC with grain yield under water stressed condition. Molecular analysis using 40 SSRs revealed 32 as polymorphic and 62 unique alleles were detected across 27 genotypes. Cluster analysis resulted in categorization of the genotypes into five distinct groups which was similar to that using principal component analysis. Based on overall performance across seasons tolerant and susceptible genotypes were identified for eventual utilization in breeding programs as well as for QTL identification. The marker-trait association analysis revealed significant associations between few SSR markers with water relations as well as yield contributing traits under water stressed conditions. These associations highlight the importance of functional mechanisms of intrinsic tolerance and cumulative traits for drought tolerance in maize. 相似文献
10.
Eder Jorge de Oliveira Carolina Vianna Morgante Saulo de Tarso Aidar Agnaldo Rodrigues de Melo Chaves Rafaela Priscila Antonio Jailson Lopez Cruz Maurício Antônio Coelho Filho 《Euphytica》2017,213(8):188
The development of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) with a high yield under water-deficit conditions is one of the goal of the breeding programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and to select cassava accessions based on drought tolerance indices and productive potential under water stress. Forty-nine accessions were evaluated for five agronomic traits (plant height—PH, root yield—RoY, shoot yield—ShY, harvest index—HI; and dry matter content of roots—DMC) under full irrigation conditions and drought stress (DS). The accessions were selected based on: (i) high yield under drought conditions (HY-DS) and (ii) high drought tolerance (Dr-To) based on six different indices. Overall, water stress dramatically reduced the traits’ means (RoY—72.98%, ShY—54.95%, DMC—26.15%, HI—31.05%, and PH—32.95%). Low coincidence among the top ten accessions was identified based on HY-DS and Dr-To criteria. Therefore, considering only the most important traits (RoY and ShY), five accessions (BGM0815, BGM0598, 9624-09, BGM0818, and BRS Formosa) presented high HY-DS. In contrast, to Dr-To criterion, eight and nine accessions were selected for high yield of the aerial part (ShY and PH) and roots (RoY and DMC), respectively. The mean productivity, geometric mean productivity, and drought tolerance indices were the most promising to identify genotypes with high agronomic attributes, while drought susceptibility index, susceptibility, and yield stability index were suitable to identify the most drought tolerant accessions. This set of selected accessions can be used in breeding programs aimed at high yield and drought tolerance. 相似文献
11.
不同来源棉花种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
采取ISSR分子标记对48份棉花种质资源的遗传多样性进行分析,从60条ISSR引物中筛选出11条引物,这11条引物共扩增出92个条带,平均每条引物扩增出8.36个条带;其中多态性带77个条带,多态率达83.70％。UPGMA聚类分析显示,48份材料的相似性系数（GS）变化范围在0.27～0.93之间。聚类将48个种质资源划分为 4个大类(GS=0.55),湛江野生棉、廉江野生棉与其它品种在遗传上有很大差别,属于较原始类型,归为一类;长绒棉与陆地棉品种存在明显的遗传差异也单独归为一类;其它不同省份的陆地棉品种在遗传上有较高的相似性,归为其它类型。分析结果表明,ISSR具有丰富遗传多样性和稳定性, 是一种较好的遗传分子标记,适宜于棉花品种遗传多样性分析 相似文献
12.
不同山茱萸种质资源形态和ISSR遗传多样性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用形态特征和ISSR标记对35份山茱萸种质资源进行遗传多样性分析,利用NTSYSpc-2．11F软件分析遗传相似系数,UPGMA方法聚类,构建亲缘关系系统图。结果表明,35份山茱萸在9个性状上差异明显;分子标记中9条引物共得到条扩增条带179条,其中有164条呈现多态性,占91．6％,遗传相似系数变化范围O．575-0．877。对其进行数据化处理后聚类,35份山茱萸材料可划分为2个类群6小组,材料的聚类结果与地理分布、形态特征有一定的相关性。 相似文献
13.
云南茶树资源遗传多样性与亲缘关系的ISSR分析 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
以8个种群134份云南茶树资源为材料,应用ISSR标记方法,进行了遗传多样性与亲缘关系分析。结果表明,18个多态性ISSR引物对全部试验材料进行PCR扩增,共获得475条稳定的谱带,其中多态性谱带470条(占98.9%),遗传多样性丰富;应用Nei-Li相似系数法估算了134个材料间的相似系数为0.445~0.819,平均为0.512,说明茶树资源间的遗传基础较宽;对134份茶树资源的分子系统聚类分析(UPGMA)将资源分为3大组,聚类结果与地理距离没有明显的相关性;主成分分析(PCA)表明主成分分析的结果与系统聚类基本一致,但是主成分分析更加直观清晰地显示各个材料间的亲缘关系;大厂茶等8个种群间的遗传相似系数于0.850~0.987间,平均为0.92,表明不同种群间的遗传差异较小。 相似文献
14.
利用RAPD和ISSR标记分析苎麻野生种质资源的遗传多样性 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文以8个地方栽培品种为参照,应用RAPD和ISSR标记从DNA水平分析了来自于不同生态区域的30份苎麻野生种质的遗传背景.在31条RAPD引物中,共扩增出358个条带,平均产率为11.5条带/条引物;而在18对ISSR引物共扩增出266个条带,平均产率为14.8条带/条引物.用NTSYs 2.0软件进行UPGMA法聚类.聚类分析结果表明:在0.73的相似系数水平上,均可将38份材料分成8大类群,对两种标记的比较和混合分析得出:RAPD和ISSR标记适用于苎麻野生材料的遗传多样性分析,但ISSR比RAPD标记更适合苎麻野生种质资源亲缘关系分析.这为我们以后的苎麻杂交育种提供了重要的依据. 相似文献
15.
旨在探索黄瓜种质资源的遗传多样性,为今后黄瓜选育优良品种提供可靠依据。以48份黄瓜种质资源为材料,用DPS软件对各品种的13个表型性状进行聚类分析,同时利用SRAP分子标记对其进行遗传多样性研究。结果表明:根据果实性状等形态学标记聚类分析得出,在阈值75.0处,可以将48份黄瓜种质资源分成5大类群。利用UPGMA法对SRAP分子标记结果聚类分析发现,黄瓜种质间的遗传相似系数在0.52~0.93之间,在遗传相似系数为0.64处,可以将其分成5大类群,形态学标记和SRAP分子标记的聚类结果存在较大差异。由此可见,SRAP分子标记较形态学标记能更好地分析品种间亲缘关系的远近,对黄瓜遗传多样性研究更具指导意义。 相似文献
16.
P.S. Virk J. Zhu H.J. Newbury G.J. Bryan M.T. Jackson B.V. Ford-Lloyd 《Euphytica》2000,112(3):275-284
We have examined the effectiveness of similar numbers of markers from four molecular marker systems (AFLP, isozymes, ISSR
and RAPD) for revealing genetic diversity and discriminating between infraspecific groups of Oryza sativa germplasm. Each marker system classifies the germplasm into three major groups (most effectively with isozymes and AFLPs),
but with differences (primarily with ISSR) between the precise classifications generated. However, at the highest levels of
genetic similarity there was only partial agreement as to relationships between individual accessions when different markers
were used. When variance was partitioned among and within the three subspecific groups, although the differences were not
significant, greater variation was found among than within groups using AFLP and isozymes, with the reverse for RAPD and ISSR.
Measurement of polymorphism using average heterozygosity and effective number of alleles gave similar results for each marker
system. These results are discussed in relation to various genetic resources conservation activities, and the advisability
of extrapolating to other sets of germplasm particularly of other crop species.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
为揭示湖南省饭豆地方品种的遗传多样性,促进种质资源的有效保护和利用。本研究利用RAPD和ISSR标记分析了源于湖南省各地36份古老饭豆地方品种的遗传多样性,并采用UPGMA方法进行了遗传聚类分析。结果表明：12个RAPD引物和4个ISSR引物在供试材料中共扩增产生81条带型清晰的条带,平均每个引物扩增产生5.06个条带;其中59个为多态性条带,占总扩增条带的72.84%,具有多态性引物的PIC值在0.397~0.968之间;通过UPGMA法进行聚类分析表明供试材料的遗传相似系数在0.605~0.877之间,供试材料被分为4大类,且聚类结果表现明显的地域特征。本研究结果可为本省饭豆种质资源保护和育种研究提供理论依据。 相似文献
18.
部分烟草种质遗传多样性与亲缘关系的ISSR标记分析 总被引：33，自引：3，他引：33
烟草遗传资源多样性与亲缘关系研究，是烟草遗传育种与起源演化研究的重要基础，本文首次应用ISSR标记，对烟草属（Nicotiana）4个种30份材料的遗传多样性进行分析。从70个ISSR引物中共筛选出16个多态性明显、条带清晰、反应稳定的引物，对30个样品DNA共扩增出309条谱带，平均每个引物扩增出19.31条带，多态性条带比率（PPB）达93.20%。种间遗传相似系数在0.26~0.96之间，表现出丰富的遗传多态性。系统聚类结果显示，N. glutinosa、N. suaveolens、N. gossei 3个野生种间存在较大的遗传差异，遗传相似系数在0.29~0.52之间；27份栽培品种种内遗传相似性相对较高，在0.54~0.96之间，显示出栽培种内的遗传基础相对比较狭窄，但其中白肋21、台烟7号与其他供试材料有较大的遗传差异。ISSR聚类分析表明，当L1取值为D = 0.475时，可将3个野生种与27份烟草栽培品种明显区分开，反映出种间的遗传差异；当L2取值为D = 0.776时，可将30份材料分为2个大类、3个小类和6个独立的个类，较好地揭示了烟草属种间或栽培种品种类型间的遗传多样性与亲缘关系，可为烟草遗传育种和遗传连锁图谱构建的杂交亲本选择提供科学依据。本研究还表明ISSR标记比RAPD标记具有更高的稳定性，在植物遗传多样性的分子标记或克隆研究中，可优先使用ISSR标记。 相似文献
19.
Kang Bo Shim Seong Hyu Shin Ji Young Shon Shin Gu Kang Woon Ho Yang Sung Gi Heu 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2016,19(2):151-155
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important edible oil crop. Meteorological factors such as temperature, rainfall, and the amount of solar radiation determine the yield potential of sesame. To identify phenotypic diversity and to infer genotypic backgrounds in a collection of 250 sesame germplasm accessions, we classified the germplasm based on variation in morphological traits using principal component (PC) and cluster analysis. The sesame germplasm was grouped based on five PCs, which accounted for 82.3% of total variation. The first PC (PC1) was positively correlated with days to flowering, days to maturity, and number of capsules per plant, whereas the second PC (PC2) was negatively correlated with all characteristics except capsule-bearing stem length. The third component (PC3) was highly positively correlated with capsule length and plant height. We constructed a scatter diagram of the first two PCs (PC1 vs. PC2), revealing four distinct groups of eigenvectors. Most sesame germplasm was widely distributed among Groups I, II, III, and IV. Group III showed a wide range of distribution in the diagram. Otherwise, the distribution of the 250 germplasm accessions was more compact in a scatter diagram of PC1 vs. PC3 compared with PC1 vs. PC2. Groups I, II, III, and IV contained 142, 102, 2, and 3 sesame germplasm accessions, respectively. The two germplasm in Group III were collected from different regions, as were the three germplasm in Group IV. The results show that the distribution of sesame origin is wider than the regions examined in view of phenotypic diversity. 相似文献
20.
Ficus genus is widely distributed in all the climatic stages and great diversity. The exploration of genetic diversity is a pre-requisite
for genome organization in the wild species and the related domesticated ones. Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers
were used to assess the identification of 23 important Ficus accessions and determination of the genetic relationships among these accessions. Out of 21 ISSR primers tested, five primers
produced 116 detectable fragments, of which 106 (91.3%) were polymorphic across the accessions. Each of the five primers produced
a fingerprint profile unique to each of the accessions studied, and thus could be solely used for their identification. Thirteen
unique bands specific to nine species were detected. These may be converted into species-specific probes for identification
purposes. Genetic relationships among these accessions were evaluated by generating a similarity matrix based on the Dice
coefficient and the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) dendogram. The results showed a clear cut
separation of the 23 Ficus accessions and were in broad agreement with the morphology. Both molecular and morphological markers will be useful for preservation
of the Ficus germplasm. 相似文献