共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Vincent Lombard Benoit Tireau Françoise Blouet David Zhang Claire P. Baril 《Euphytica》2002,125(1):121-127
The ability of AFLP markers to assess the uniformity of rapeseed inbred line varieties was investigated in the context of
plant registration. Three candidate varieties were chosen on a scale of morphological heterogeneity in the field. Thirty rows
per variety were characterized with 4 primer combinations (173 markers). Principal component analysis and distribution of
pairwise Rogers' distances between rows revealed exactly the same off types as those observed in the fields. The Nei's genetic
diversity computed from the binary data matrix revealed the same diversity level as the one observed with morphological traits:
the Nei's diversity value for the most homogeneous variety, a microspore-derived doubled haploid line, was 0.0011, whereas
the value for the most heterogeneous variety was 0.0706. The similarity between the results with AFLP markers and morphological
traits showed that AFLP markers associated with adapted data analysis tools (PCA, Nei's diversity index, genetic distance
distribution) are very useful to assess the uniformity of candidate varieties in the context of plant registration.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
2.
3.
旨在探索黄瓜种质资源的遗传多样性,为今后黄瓜选育优良品种提供可靠依据。以48份黄瓜种质资源为材料,用DPS软件对各品种的13个表型性状进行聚类分析,同时利用SRAP分子标记对其进行遗传多样性研究。结果表明:根据果实性状等形态学标记聚类分析得出,在阈值75.0处,可以将48份黄瓜种质资源分成5大类群。利用UPGMA法对SRAP分子标记结果聚类分析发现,黄瓜种质间的遗传相似系数在0.52~0.93之间,在遗传相似系数为0.64处,可以将其分成5大类群,形态学标记和SRAP分子标记的聚类结果存在较大差异。由此可见,SRAP分子标记较形态学标记能更好地分析品种间亲缘关系的远近,对黄瓜遗传多样性研究更具指导意义。 相似文献
4.
Suitability of mapped sequence tagged microsatellite site markers for establishing distinctness, uniformity and stability in aromatic rice 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
R.K. Singh R.K. Sharma A.K. Singh V.P. Singh N.K. Singh S.P. Tiwari T. Mohapatra 《Euphytica》2004,135(2):135-143
At present, testing for distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) of crop varieties relies on a set of morphological characters.
These characters suffer fromthe limitations of number, interaction with the environment in which the variety grows and subjectivity
in decision-making. The potential of DNA-based markers such as sequence tagged microsatellite site (STMS), for establishing
DUS merits investigation. In the present study, a set of 55 mapped STMS markers, selected from 12 linkage groups of rice genome,
was used to examine distinctness of 23 aromatic rice genotypes including the commercially important Basmati varieties. Forty-one
of these markers (74.5%) showed polymorphism between the varieties. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2–4 with an
average of 2.3. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of the markers varied from 0.083 to 0.665 with an average of 0.338.
All the varieties could be differentiated from each other at a low probability (0.07×10-13) of identical match by chance. The marker-based clustering of the varieties corresponded with the known phenotypic classification,
thereby providing confidence in the distinctness established by the mapped STMS markers. The utility of these markers to study
uniformity and stability was analysed using a commercially important crossbred Basmati rice variety Pusa Basmati 1(IET-10364)
that contributes about 40–50% of Basmati rice export from India. Genotyping of twenty individual plants, grown from the nucleus,
breeder, foundation, certified and farmer's saved seed samples using all the 55 markers revealed no variation among the plants.
These observations suggested that the set of mapped markers employed in this study could be further used for establishing
distinctness of aromatic rice varieties and for studying DUS of the important commercial variety Pusa Basmati 1.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
椰子DUS测试性状的选择——花序与果实部分 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以本地高种、马来亚红矮、马来亚黄矮、小黄椰、香水椰子等5个椰子品种为研究对象,对其花、果实的部分形态特征进行观察和基本数据采集,通过统计分析比较这些性状在不同品种间的差异,并选取有显著性差异的性状作为椰子特异性、一致性和稳定性测试指南的候选性状。结果表明,在所选择的性状中,有19个数量性状在5个品种间有显著性差异;3个质量性状存在明显的差别。这22个性状可以考虑作为椰子DUS的测试性状。 相似文献
6.
Jerko Gunjaca Ivica Buhinicek Mirko Jukic Hrvoje Sarcevic Antun Vragolovic Zdravko Kozic Antun Jambrovic Ivan Pejic 《Euphytica》2008,161(1-2):165-172
Growing numbers of candidate varieties, decrease of their variability for morphological traits, and internationalization of
the national list all contribute to excessive increase of the trial costs, thus creating the need for the improvement of current
variety evaluation procedures, especially regards their distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) component. Due to rapid
advancement in molecular techniques, the use of molecular markers in DUS testing as a complement to, or replacement of, morphological
observations became the subject of great interest in scientific studies, and consequently topic for discussion within International
Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). In order to explore the potential of simple sequence repeat (SSR)
markers for distinctness tests, present study involved set of 41 maize inbred lines that were scored for 32 DUS characters
prescribed by UPOV and genotyped at 28 SSR loci. Results were largely in favor of the use of molecular markers, revealing
or confirming their already known advantages over morphological markers like better consistency with the pedigree, and relatively
higher discriminative power. However, their integration into DUS testing protocols still depends upon resolving of several
important issues. 相似文献
7.
龙眼新品种DUS测试指南的研制 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
植物新品种特异性(distinctness)、一致性(uniformity)和稳定性(stability)（简称DUS）测试指南是审查机关开展植物新品种实质审查工作的基础和技术手册。国际植物新品种保护联盟(UPOV)技术文件《TGP/7 植物新品种测试指南的研制》是各国研制植物新品种测试指南的依据与标准。龙眼DUS指南在严格遵循TGP/7文件的基础上,通过借鉴现有的龙眼种质资源描述方法并结合育种实际,最终确定了45个性状、26个标准品种和DUS判定标准。笔者主要叙述了龙眼DUS测试指南的研制原则、测试性状的选择与确定、性状分级标准、DUS判定标准以及标准品种的选择,并指出将分子标记技术与形态测试技术相结合是今后DUS测试指南研制的发展方向。 相似文献
8.
国家芝麻区域试验新品种(系)的DNA指纹分析 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
以我国近年参加国家芝麻区域试验的43个品种(系)为材料,利用12对SSR核心引物开展DNA指纹分析,初步构建参试品种的DNA指纹图谱,并根据指纹图谱分析了参试品种的特异性和一致性。聚类分析结果表明,12对引物检测到30个标记,可将43个品种完全区分开,来源于同一育种单位的品种遗传基础相近,而不同来源的品种其遗传背景相差较大;以遗传相似系数0.90为划分标准,95%的供试品种具备特异性;以引物位点的一致性为指标,80%的品种具有一致性;分配试验中,86%的单株都能正确地分配回到原来的品种,这些品种的一致性较好,个别品种的单株正确分配率较低,品种一致性差。表明大部分参加国家区试的品种都具有很好的特异性和一致性。 相似文献
9.
P. Lootens B. Chaves J. Baert J. Pannecoucque J. Van Waes I. Roldán-Ruiz 《Euphytica》2013,189(3):329-341
Tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) are an essential component of variety registration and granting plant breeders’ rights. This study, performed on industrial chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), included (1) an evaluation of the discriminating power of the UPOV characteristics and (2) a comparison of the root shape between the UPOV-based characteristics and characteristics determined via image analysis. Five consecutive growing periods were studied to assess the long-term stability of the parameters. Lack of discriminating power of characteristics for examining distinctness may impede breeding progress by failing to discriminate novel candidate varieties. However, a balance needs to be set so that newly introduced characteristics or new evaluation methodologies are not too powerful as to damage the protection of registered varieties. The results showed great differences in the discriminating power of the UPOV characteristics. The elimination of some of these low-discriminating characteristics would probably result in savings, but would have no consequences on the decisions taken by DUS testing authorities. Image analysis-derived characteristics could either replace currently-used parameters or provide additional characteristics with good discriminating power, determined in an objective and standardized way. Here we discuss possible implications for variety registration. 相似文献
10.
基于形态学性状和SSR标记的花生品种遗传多样性分析和特异性鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以101份南方花生区试品种为材料,利用形态学性状和SSR标记进行品种遗传多样性分析和特异性鉴定。结果表明, 29个形态学性状中有7个无多样性,其余22个的多样性指数为0.23～0.77,平均为0.43。在相似系数为0.76处,将供试品种划分为七大类群,同一育种单位的品种倾向于聚在一起。用40个SSR标记共检测出167个等位基因,单个标记检测的等位基因数2～6个,平均为4.18个。标记的多态性信息量(PIC)差异较大,最大为0.79,最小为0.26,平均为0.55。在相似系数为0.70处,供试品种可被划分为六大类群,同一省份育成的品种多聚为一类。Mantel检验发现品种间的形态学性状和SSR标记的相似系数矩阵相关性弱(r=0.36),SSR标记无法取代形态学性状单独用于花生品种特异性鉴定,但两者相结合能有效提高花生品种特异性鉴定的准确性。 相似文献
11.
12.
利用SSR标记进行玉米品种一致性检测研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
为了评估SSR标记在玉米品种一致性鉴定中的应用价值及确定基于SSR标记的玉米一致性鉴定标准,利用13个SSR标记对213份来自2004年国家区域试验的玉米单交种(包括16份重复材料)进行了一致性分析,每个品种取20个个体,除在染色体6和8上各选取了2个和3个标记外,其他染色体上均各选取1个SSR标记.结果显示:一致性检测中异型带的类型有7种,每种出现的概率不同;不同品种在不同引物位点的一致性分布情况差别较大.比较位于同一染色体的引物一致性检测结果,发现在相同染色体上位置较近的不同引物一致性检测结果具有较高的相关性,因此提出在选用一致性检测的引物时应遵循均匀分布的原则,减少引物间的相关性.通过剔除自交个体对品种一致性比率进行校正(仅有7个品种),校正值可反映品种真实的遗传一致性和稳定性.综合考虑品种在单个引物位点的一致性和在所有位点的平均一致性,提出了划分玉米品种一致性级别的标准. 相似文献
13.
Assessment of the uniformity of wheat and tomato varieties at DNA microsatellite loci 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
R.J. Cooke G.M.M. Bredemeijer M.W. Ganal R. Peeters P. Isaac S. Rendell J. Jackson M.S. Röder V. Korzun K. Wendehake T. Areshchenkova M. Dijcks D. Laborie L. Bertrand B. Vosman 《Euphytica》2003,132(3):331-341
By analysing a number (20–38) of individuals from selected varieties of wheat and tomato, we have been able to assess intra-varietal
uniformity at certain micro satellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) loci. In total, 45 varieties of wheat were analysed at
between 7–9 different SSR loci, and 10 varieties of tomato were analysed at six loci. The results showed that there was variation
both between varieties and between microsatellites in the degree of non-uniformity observed, and it was possible to identify
a number of different probable sources of non-uniformity. Twenty-four of the wheat varieties and nine of the tomato varieties
were sufficiently uniform to meet the standards currently applied for distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) testing
using phenotypic characteristics. The implications for the potential future use of SSRs in DUS testing are discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
15.
Solidity of microsatellite markers is a key issue for varietal identification, especially when they are used for legal purposes, what includes their probable future use in the distinctness, uniformity and stability testing of new varieties needed for the granting of Plant Breeders’ Rights. Nine grapevine microsatellites (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD27, VVMD28, ssrVrZAG29, ssrVrZAG62, ssrVrZAG67, ssrVrZAG83 and ssrVrZAG112), which had previously demonstrated its capacity to discriminate any grapevine variety, have been assessed to evaluate its uniformity and stability. 19 varieties were selected, representative of a high diversity for morphological, agronomical, cultural and historical aspects, as well as for microsatellite allele variability. Then, for each variety, uniformity and stability were evaluated through the analysis of 50 plants from each of three different plots, and five plants from each of seven additional plots. Material from 4,137 plants of 229 plots of the 19 varieties was sampled in seven countries. Of 3,654 plants analyzed with the set of nine microsatellites, 3,299 were of the right variety and used for the survey. An average of 172 individual values was studied for each allele of each microsatellite of each variety, and none differences were detected that could not be explained as technical variations, with the exception of several putative chimeras in two varieties. Of the total of 171 variety x microsatellite combinations, only in one combination (‘Merlot’ x VVMD27) the number of off-types exceeded the threshold allowed. The remaining 170 combinations have been found uniform and stable according to internationally accepted rules. 相似文献
16.
[目的] 植物品种特异性(distinctness)、一致性(uniformity)和稳定性(stability) 测试(简称：DUS测试)是品种保护、品种审定、品种登记的必要条件。研制茄子(Solanum melongena L.)品种DUS测试指南旨在为测试和品种权实质审查工作提供科学依据。[方法]以《植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性测试指南 总则》(GB/T19557.1)为总体原则,以国际植物新品种保护联盟颁布的《植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性测试指南 茄子》(TG/117/4)为参考,通过对243份茄子品种的田间试验和多次同行专家修订,完成茄子的DUS测试指南(国家标准报批稿)。[结果]指南确定了42个测试性状及描述方法,筛选出20个标准品种,明确了茄子特判定、一致性和稳定性判定的原则。[结论]指南为我国茄子DUS测试的品种描述和特异性、一致性、稳定性判定提供了技术标准。笔者重点介绍了指南的编制原则和过程、测试性状的选择和标准品种的选用,以及特异性、一致性、稳定性的判定标准。 相似文献
17.
基于基因组重测序的分子标记研究是一种新的方法。本研究在普通烟草基因组序列已完全测定的基础上重测序了4个烟草品种（系）,包括烤烟类型（LY1306,秦烟96）2个,晒烟类型（Wanmao 3）1个,马里兰烟草类型（Wufeng 1）1个。结合在NCBI中测序并发布的K326和TN90品种的基因组序列,分析了这4个重测序的烟草品种的InDel突变和SNP突变位点,鉴定出7个具有品种多态性的SSR候选位点,其中5个SSR位点可扩增出DNA片段。通过对包括不同烟草类型在内的10个烟草品种进行PCR检测,表明本研究选出的SSR位点可用于烟草品种或烟草类型的分类,其中NW-015889872.1、NW-015854676.1和NW-015890969.1等3个SSR位点可有效区分烤烟、白肋烟和马里兰烟以及晒烟烟草类型。 相似文献
18.
19.