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1.
Pseudorabies virus(PRV), in the family Herpesviridae, is a pathogen of Aujeszky's disease, which causes great economic losses to the pig industry. Recent outbreaks of Pseudorabies imply that new control measures are urgently needed. The present study shows that kaempferol is a candidate drug for controlling PRV infection, as it possesses the ability to inhibit PRV replication in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Kaempferol at a concentration of 52.40 μmol L–1 could decrease PRV-induced cell death by 90%. With an 50% inhibitory concentration(IC50) value of 25.57 μmol L–1, kaempferol was more effective than acyclovir(positive control) which has an IC50 value of 54.97 μmol L–1. A mode of action study indicated that kaempferol inhibited viral penetration and replication stages, decreasing viral loads by 4-and 30-fold, respectively. Addition of kaempferol within 16 h post infection(hpi) could significantly inhibit virus replication, and viral genome copies were decreased by almost 15-fold when kaempferol was added at 2 hpi. Kaempferol regulated the NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways involved in PRV infection and changed the levels of the target genes of the MAPKs(ATF-2 and c-Jun) and NF-κB(IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-2) signaling pathways. The findings of the current study suggest that kaempferol could be an alternative measure to control PRV infection.  相似文献   

2.
【目的】香味是作物的重要食味品质之一。2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉（2-acetyl-1-pyrroline,2-AP）是主要香味物。BADH2是控制水稻等作物香味性状的关键基因,敲除该基因可以产生香味稻米。利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术在北京市农林科学院自育的玉米骨干亲本京724上敲除BADH2同源基因,以期获得有香米味道的玉米新种质材料。【方法】利用Ensembl数据库在线BLAST工具,将水稻OsBADH2蛋白序列在拟南芥、水稻和玉米蛋白序列数据库中进行序列比对,获得上述3个物种的BADH基因家族成员,并利用UniProt蛋白数据库中的结构域信息进行验证。进一步使用MEGA软件进行系统进化分析,获得玉米BADH2同源基因作为候选编辑靶标。基于CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术的原理,在候选基因的外显子处设计特异性靶点,并构建入CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑载体。再以玉米自交系京724为受体,利用农杆菌介导的遗传转化方法,通过磷酸甘露糖异构酶基因（phosphomannose isomerase,PMI）抗性筛选获得阳性转基因植株。转基因株系经测序明确其在靶基因中产生的突变类型。利用气相色谱质谱联用仪（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS）检测基因编辑株系T1籽粒中香米主要香味物质2-AP的含量,以确认京724在基因编辑前后2-AP含量的变化。【结果】系统进化分析发现,玉米中存在2个BADH2同源基因,分别命名为ZmBADH2-1和ZmBADH2-2。ZmBADH2-1位于第4染色体,ZmBADH2-2位于第1染色体。2个基因均包含15个外显子和14个内含子,第4外显子间的核苷酸序列高度同源。在2个基因的第4外显子区域设计靶点并构建入CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑载体,通过遗传转化获得28株转基因株系。PCR扩增及测序分析结果显示,其中10株材料的2个ZmBADH2s在靶点区域均发生突变,突变基因型包括双等位突变和多等位突变,突变类型为不同数量的碱基缺失和插入。质谱检测结果显示玉米ZmBADH2双基因突变体籽粒中存在与香稻同样成分的2-AP。随机选取的4个T1代基因编辑株系籽粒中,2-AP平均含量分别为438.29、404.63、348.65和161.82 μg·kg-1,而未经过编辑的京724中未检测到2-AP。【结论】利用CRISPR/Cas9技术对玉米ZmBADH2-1和ZmBADH2-2同时进行定点敲除,创制出籽粒中具有香米味道的玉米骨干亲本新种质材料。  相似文献   

3.
[目的]探索磷素对不同大豆品种籽粒维生素E含量的影响,寻找不同基因型大豆品种的最佳施磷水平,以期提高大豆籽粒维生素E的含量,改善其品质。[方法]选用黑农48（高蛋白品种）、黑农37（中间型品种）、黑农44（高油品种）3个大豆品种作为试验材料,采用盆栽,在每千克土壤施N和K2O各为0.033g基础上,设4个施磷处理,即每千克土壤分别施0（P1）、0.033（P2）、0.067（P3）、0.100（P4）gP2O5,最后采用高效液相色谱法测定不同大豆品种籽粒总维生素E的含量。[结果]同一品种大豆P3处理下其籽粒总维生素E含量显著高于P1、P2、P4处理,黑农37、黑农44、黑农483个品种大豆P3处理籽粒总维生素E含量分别比对照组增加11.96%、16.55%、14.02%;在P2处理下,3个品种中的黑农37籽粒维生素E含量最高;在12个处理组合中黑农44的P3处理总维生素E含量最高,3个大豆品种维生素E含量在品种间和施磷处理间差异显著。[结论]试验中施磷对3个大豆品种的维生素E含量有影响,适宜的施磷量有利于提高大豆籽粒的维生素E含量。  相似文献   

4.
[目的]探索磷素对不同大豆品种籽粒维生素E含量的影响,寻找不同基因型大豆品种的最佳施磷水平,以期提高大豆籽粒维生素E的含量,改善其品质。[方法]选用黑农48（高蛋白品种）、黑农37（中间型品种）、黑农44（高油品种）3个大豆品种作为试验材料,采用盆栽,在每千克土壤施N和K：0各为0．033g基础上,设4个施磷处理,即每千克土壤分别施O（P,）、0．033（P2）、0．067（P3）、0．100（L）gP205,最后采用高效液相色谱法测定不同大豆品种籽粒总维生素E的含量。[结果]同一品种大豆R处理下其籽粒总维生素E含量显著高于P1、P2、P4处理,黑农37、黑农44、黑农483个品种大豆P1处理籽粒总维生素E含量分别比对照组增加11．96％、16．55％、14．02％;在P2处理下,3个品种中的黑农37籽粒维生素E含量最高;在12个处理组合中黑农44的P3,处理总维生素E含量最高,3个大豆品种维生素E含量在品种间和施磷处理间差异显著。[结论]试验中施磷对3个大豆品种的维生素E含量有影响,适宜的施磷量有利于提高大豆籽粒的维生素E含量。  相似文献   

5.
To elucidate the response of oxidative metabolism, triggered by elevated ammonium(NH_4~+) concentrations, on root growth of wheat seedlings, Yumai 49(NH_4~+-tolerant) and Lumai 15(NH_4~+-sensitive) cultivars were supplied with either 5.0 mmol L~(–1) NH_4~+-N(EAC) or 5.0 mmol L–1 NO_3–-N(CON) under hydroponic conditions. Root growth in both cultivars was significantly reduced under EAC, and the negative effect was greater in Lumai 15. EAC enhanced the activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase in the roots of both cultivars, while it decreased ascorbic acid(ASA) content and GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase(GMPase) activity at the 12 th day after treatment in Lumai 15 by 62.0 and 71.4%; and in Yumai 49 by 38.8 and 62.2%, respectively, indicating that the regeneration of ASA was increased, but the biosynthesis of ASA was reduced under EAC treatment. Moreover, EAC increased DHA/ASA, reactive oxygen species(ROS), and malondialdehyde contents, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities in the roots of both cultivars. Relatively greater increases in ROS and soluble sugar, and lower antioxidant enzyme activities in Lumai 15 indicate severe disruption of oxidative metabolism when compared to Yumai 49. Results reveal that the reduction of ASA biosynthesis via decreased GMPase activity under the EAC condition probably acts as a trigger for accumulated ROS and imbalanced redox status, resulting in root growth inhibition during wheat seedling growth stage. Yumai 49, being an NH_4~+-tolerant cultivar, had the stronger capacity to protect itself from oxidative stress, which allowed it to retain a lower DHA to ASA ratio by maintaining a better redox homeostasis than could be maintained in the NH_4~+-sensitive cultivar Lumai 15.  相似文献   

6.
【目的】稻米香味是水稻品质改良的一个重要内容,其性状主要受1个隐性基因Badh2的控制。利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术将常规品种中的Badh2进行编辑,从而获得Badh2发生突变的基因编辑株系,使香味性状得到改良。【方法】利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑的原理,在水稻Badh2的第2和第7外显子处设计靶点,通过BLAST分析确定其特异性并构建到CRISPR/Cas9表达载体。以浙江省主要推广的水稻品种嘉58和秀水134的愈伤组织为受体,利用农杆菌介导的遗传转化法,通过潮霉素抗性筛选获得阳性转基因植株。转基因株系经测序明确其在Badh2的突变类型,经PCR分析与鉴定获得Badh2发生突变并无转基因标记成分的稳定株系。利用气相色谱质谱联用仪（GC-MS）检测基因编辑株系糙米米粉中2-AP的含量,明确其香味成分与非转基因对照之间的差异。【结果】在水稻第2和第7外显子处设计靶点构建表达载体,通过遗传转化转基因株系的Badh2完成了定向突变。共获得T0代嘉58基因编辑的株系15株,在第2外显子处发生突变的有8株5种不同的突变类型,均为不同单碱基插入不同位点;在第7外显子处发生突变的有7株5种不同的突变方式,均为碱基或片段缺失。获得秀水134基因编辑的株系11株,在第2外显子处共有5株,均为单碱基插入;在第7外显子处有6株,均为片段缺失。48株T1代秀水134基因编辑株系中,共获得16株无转基因标记的基因编辑株系,其中5株在第2外显子发生突变,11株在第7外显子处发生突变。4个T2代基因编辑株系的米粉中2-AP平均含量分别为0.309、0.347、0.332和0.295 μg·g -1,极显著（P<0.01）高于非转基因对照（0.046 μg·g -1）。【结论】利用CRISPR-Cas9技术可对水稻香味基因Badh2进行定向编辑,并且可获得无转基因成分的基因编辑株系,其香味性状得到明显改良。  相似文献   

7.
The fragrance potential of two fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars grown in South China was investigated in this study using headspace SPME and static headspace in conjunction with GC-MS. About a five-fold difference of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) levels were observed among the two fragrant rice cultivars, with Guixiangzhan having the highest content (3.86 μg·g−1) comparable to that obtained with Thai KDML 105 rice. Other compounds instead of 2-AP were assumed to contribute to the characteristic aroma of Peizaruanxiang. The two cultivars were subjected to two preharvest treatments (planting density and harvest date) and different storage conditions (3 to 6 months at −4, 8, 20, and 30°C). Results were discussed in terms of grain yield, milling quality, grain appearance, and amylose and protein contents of rice samples associated with differing treatments. Highest 2-AP concentrations were obtained for Guixiangzhan and Peizaruanxiang with lower planting densities, the earliest harvesting time of 10 days after heading, the shortest storage time of 3 months, and the lowest storage temperature of −4°C. These findings indicate that manipulating pre- and postharvest treatments can greatly improve the specific attributes of the domestically produced cultivars. With that in mind, China could effectively increase its share of the domestic market of fragrant rice and even tap into the international market.  相似文献   

8.
为了明确合理的矮杆密植大豆群体结构,为实现大豆超高产育种目标奠定理论基础。以4个不同基因型矮杆大豆品种为试验材料,设置了8个不同的密度梯度,调查分析产量相关性状,筛选最适宜的种植密度。结果表明,随着密度的递增,株高表现为逐渐增加;单株荚数及粒数则表现为逐渐下降;产量呈现先增加后减少的趋势;倒伏率在达到一定密度时出现急剧上升。‘吉密豆1号’、‘吉密豆2号’、‘吉密豆3号’、‘吉密豆4号’的最佳种植密度分别为40万株/hm 2、37.5万株/hm 2、40万株/hm 2和56万株/hm 2,产量分别可达4199.2 kg/hm 2、3282.3 kg/hm 2、3410.1 kg/hm 2和3313.4 kg/hm 2。因此,合理的增加种植密度,可进一步挖掘矮杆耐密型大豆的高产潜力。  相似文献   

9.
[目的]鉴定广西地方香稻品种的香味及其香味基因型,为开发和利用广西香稻地方种质资源及选育优质特色香稻品种提供理论依据.[方法]将传统香味鉴定方法(KoH浸泡法和籽粒咀嚼法)与分子标记技术结合,对179份广西地方香稻种质资源的香味及其香味基因型进行鉴定.[结果]179份供试材料中,KOH浸泡法检测到具有香味的材料167份,籽粒咀嚼法检测到具有香味的材料124份.籽粒咀嚼法鉴定为香稻的品种中97.58%能用KOH浸泡法鉴定出香味,但KOH浸泡法鉴定为香稻的品种中仅72.46%能用籽粒咀嚼法鉴定出香味.利用分子标记法能检测到等位基因的有71份,占供试材料总数的39.66%,主要以InDel7和InDel4-5等位基因为主,其中仅1份检测到InDel2等位基因,40份检测到InDe17等位基因,37份检测到InDel4-5等位基因,未检测到InDel13等位基因,但有7份同时检测到In-Del7等位基因和InDel4-5等位基因.71份能检测到等位基因的材料中有69份被籽粒咀嚼法和/或KOH浸泡法鉴定为香稻品种,正确率达97.18%.在籽粒咀嚼法和KOH浸泡法均鉴定为香稻的121个品种中,香味表型明确,但仅有55个品种能检测到等位基因,检出率为45.45%.来自百色市的供试材料中能检测到等位基因的品种占该市香稻品种总数的53.19%,含有InDe12、InDel7和InDel4-5等位基因型,但以Indel7等位基因型为主;来自河池市的供试材料中能检测到等位基因品种占该市香稻品种总数的比例最高,达64.10%,但只检测到2种基因型,以Indel4-5等位基因型为主;柳州市及其他市能检测到等位基因的比例远低于百色市和河池市.[结论]广西香稻地方品种具有较强的地域特色,不同地区的香稻香味等位基因存在明显差异,且可能存在已报道的等位基因之外的香味基因或香味等位基因,仅用4个已报道的等位基因不足以检测出全部的香稻品种,应将分子标记法与传统鉴定方法相结合,才可更准确鉴定出香稻品种.  相似文献   

10.
【目的】研究引进12份大豆品种在新疆伊犁河谷地区大田的适应性，为筛选出适合当地栽培推广的优质、高产新品种提供参考。【方法】采用稳定性参数，高稳系数、变异系数，分析参试品种的生育期、主要农艺性状和产量性状。【结果】参试品种合交02-69,210.868 kg/667m2,比对照增产28.36%,HSC居第1;绥农14,219.217 kg/667m2,比对照增产31.09%,HSC排名居第4。合交02-69、黑农69、黑农71、绥农14、黑农63为中晚熟品种，全生育期较对照分别晚14、13、13、10、8 d;中黄901较对照早9 d,属于中早熟品种；株高在90～105 cm的品种有3个，分别是中黄901、黑农63、合交02-69。【结论】外引的12个品种在新疆伊犁河谷地区能正常开花结荚成熟，多数表现较好，其中合交02-69、绥农14、东农53、黑农69适应性较好。  相似文献   

11.
Rice is the staple food for about half of the world’s population.  Preferred by consumers, aromatic rice is a special type of rice with great commercial value.  Cooking and eating qualities and aroma are the major grain qualities favored by most consumers.  Currently, most of the available aromatic varieties have low yields and some undesirable agronomic traits.  Thus, there is an urgent need to develop better aromatic rice varieties.  This work aims to identify rice germplasm lines that have good grain quality and to develop new varieties with desirable traits.  Thirty-six out of 188 germplasm lines were found to have betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (badh2) controlling the aroma and were analyzed for their 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) contents.  Then, 17 of those lines were found to have alleles for low amylose content and low gelatinization temperature, controlled by waxy and starch synthase IIa (SSIIa), respectively, suggesting that they are aromatic rice lines with high cooking and eating qualities.  A total of 158 F7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) generated from five crosses of the selected germplasm lines were planted for phenotypic and yield observations, resulting in 27 F8 RILs selected for yield evaluation and genotyping.  Finally, four out of the seven F9 aromatic RILs showed high yield, high 2AP production, and low amylose content, in agreement with their genotypes.  The other three F9 RILs were aromatic rice lines with high amylose content and high yield.  Because consumer preferences for grain quality vary depending on regions and ethnic groups, the high-yielding aromatic RILs generated from this study can be used to increase the yield of Thai rice and to raise market value and farm profits.  相似文献   

12.
Embryo rescue technology plays an important role in seedless grape breeding.  However, the efficiency of embryo rescue, including the embryo formation, germination, and seedling rates, is closely related to the parental genotypes, degree of abortion, growth medium, and plant growth regulators.  In this study, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of paclobutrazol (PAC), a plant growth regulator, and embryo collection times on the embryo formation, germination, and seedling rates for different hybrid combinations of grape breeding varieties used for their aroma and cold-resistance traits.  The results showed that the different PAC concentrations had varying impacts on the development of ovules and embryos from the different grape varieties.  The embryo formation rates of the ‘Sultanina Rose’בBeibinghong’ and ‘Kunxiang Seedless’בTaishan-2’ crosses were the highest under the 5.1 μmol L–1 PAC treatment.  The 1.0 μmol L–1 PAC treatment was optimal for the germination and seedling development of the ‘Sultanina Rose’בBeibinghong’ embryos, whereas the 0.2 μmol L–1 PAC treatment induced the highest germination rate for the ‘Sultanina Rose’בKunxiang Seedless’ cross.  The optimal sampling times for each cross varied as 39 d after pollination (DAP) for the ‘Flame Seedless’בMuscat Hamburg’ cross, 46 DAP for the ‘Kunxiang Seedless’בBeibinghong’ cross, and 41 DAP for the ‘Ruby Seedless’בBeibinghong’ and ‘Fantasy Seedless’בShuangyou’ crosses.  Moreover, the medium modified with 0.5 g L–1 of indole-3-butyric acid allowed the malformed seedlings to develop into plantlets and achieve larger progenies.  This study provides a useful basis for further studies into grape embryo rescue and could improve breeding efforts for new seedless grape varieties.  相似文献   

13.
Transgenic cotton carrying the Cry1Ac gene has revolutionized insect pest control since its adoption, although the development of resistance in insect pests has reduced its efficacy.  After 10 years of cultivating Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton with a single Cry1Ac gene, growers are on the verge of adopting Bt cotton that carries the double gene (Cry1Ac+Cry2A) due to its better effectiveness against insect pests.  Thus, the current study was designed to evaluate the role of each gene in the effectiveness of Bt cotton carrying the double gene.  The expression levels of the Cry1Ac and Cry2A genes were evaluated in the leaves of 10 genotypes (2 parents and 8 F1 hybrids) at 30 days after sowing (DAS), while samples of leaves, bolls and flowers were taken from the upper and lower canopies at 70 and 110 DAS.  The F1 hybrids were developed through reciprocal crosses between two Bt (CKC-1, CKC-2) and two non-Bt (MNH-786, FH-942) parents.  The differential expression of transgenes was evaluated through Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA).  The results showed that the MNH786×CKC-1 hybrid had the highest concentrations of Cry1Ac gene at 30 DAS (3.08 µg g–1) and 110 DAS (1.01 µg g–1) in leaves.  In contrast, the CKC-2×MNH-786 hybrid showed the lowest concentrations of Cry1Ac gene at 30 DAS (2.30 µg g–1) and 110 DAS (0.86 µg g–1).  The F1 hybrid FH-942×CKC-2 showed the highest concentrations of Cry2A gene at 30 DAS (8.39 µg g–1) and 110 DAS (7.74 µg g–1) in leaves, while the CKC-1×MNH-786 hybrid expressed the lowest concentrations of Cry2A gene at 30 DAS (7.10 µg g–1) and 110 DAS (8.31 µg g–1).  A comparison between the two stages of plant growth showed that leaves had the highest concentrations at 30 DAS, whereas the lowest concentrations were observed at 110 DAS for both genes in leaves.  When the expression pattern was compared between various plant parts in genotype CKC-2, it was found that leaves had higher concentrations of Cry1Ac (3.12 µg g–1) and Cry2A (8.31 µg g–1) at 70 DAS, followed by bolls (Cry1Ac (1.66 µg g–1) and Cry2A (8.15 µg g–1)) and flowers (Cry1Ac (1.07 µg g–1) and Cry2A (7.99 µg g–1)).  The genotype CKC-2 had higher concentrations of Cry1Ac (3.12 µg g–1) and Cry2A (8.31 µg g–1) in the upper canopy but less accumulation (2.66 µg g–1 of Cry1Ac, 8.09 µg g–1 of Cry2A) in the lower canopy at 70 DAS.  Similarly, at 110 DAS, the expression levels of Cry1Ac and Cry2A in upper and lower canopy leaves were 1.52 and 7.92 µg g–1, and 0.99 and 7.54 µg g–1, respectively.  Hence, the current study demonstrates that different genotypes showed variable expression for both of the Cry1Ac and Cry2A genes during plant growth due to different genetic backgrounds.  The Cry2A gene had three-fold higher expression than Cry1Ac with significant differences in expression in different plant parts.  The findings of this study will be helpful for breeding insect-resistant double-gene genotypes with better gene expression levels of Cry1Ac and Cry2A for sustainable cotton production worldwide.  相似文献   

14.
【目的】冷藏是提高葡萄耐储性、延长货架期的有效方法,但低温会降低糖酸和香气含量等果实品质。本研究旨在测定不同温度条件下褪黑素处理对‘阳光玫瑰'葡萄储藏期品质的影响,并探讨其调控储藏品质的代谢基础。【方法】设置室温和1℃两个储藏温度,葡萄采后利用5和50 μmol∙L-1褪黑素浸果,于不同储藏期取样测定果实品质指标。利用HPLC-MS测定褪黑素含量,利用GC-MS测定香气组分及含量,利用毛细管电泳测定可溶性糖和有机酸含量,利用质构仪测定果实质地,利用广靶代谢组学分析褪黑素处理导致的差异代谢物。【结果】外源褪黑素处理能显著提高葡萄果实褪黑素含量;50 µmol∙L -1处理效果显著高于5 µmol∙L -1,并且低温能大幅提高褪黑素处理效果,低温、50 mol∙L-1褪黑素处理的果实中褪黑素含量为室温同浓度处理的2.6倍。低温下,果实失水率降低;在室温和低温储藏下,褪黑素对果实失水率、果皮硬度和果肉硬度未产生显著影响。室温条件下,5 µmol∙L -1褪黑素处理显著提高了葡萄糖和果糖含量,而50 µmol∙L -1褪黑素产生了相反的结果。与室温储藏相比,低温储藏显著降低了果实糖含量;低温条件下,与对照相比,5 µmol∙L -1和50 µmol∙L -1褪黑素处理均显著提高了可溶性糖含量,储藏40 d时增幅在19.2%以上。与室温相比,低温提高了可滴定酸尤其是苹果酸含量。低温条件下,两种浓度褪黑素处理较对照显著降低了可滴定酸尤其是苹果酸含量,苹果酸含量降幅超过53.5%,对酒石酸含量影响较小。与室温储藏相比,低温储藏大幅度降低了未经褪黑素处理的果实香气含量。但是,褪黑素处理能有效增加低温条件下果实香气总量及香气组分含量,且以5 µmol∙L -1褪黑素处理效果较好,在处理后30和40 d,较低温对照香气总量增幅分别达2.12和1.6倍;同时显著增加了反式-2-己烯醛、里那醇、2,4-二叔丁基苯酚等特征香气含量。低温下对照和5 µmol∙L -1褪黑素处理的果实代谢组学分析表明,232种代谢物含量存在差异,涉及的主要代谢途径包括氨基酸生化合成、氨酰基-tRNA生化合成、精氨酸生化合成、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢及苯丙胺代谢。【结论】与室温储藏相比,低温冷藏降低了部分糖和绝大多数香气物质的含量。褪黑素处理能够显著提高冷藏果实的可溶性糖含量,降低有机酸水平,大幅提高香气水平,能有效提高果实品质,其中5 µmol∙L -1褪黑素处理效果更明显。褪黑素主要通过影响氨基酸代谢提高香气含量。  相似文献   

15.
Cefquinome is the only fourth-generation cephalosporin used solely for veterinary applications.In this study,we established the wild-type cut-off (CO_(WT)) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic cut-off (CO_(PD)) of cefquinome against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.A total of 210 E.coli and 160 S.aureus isolates were collected from pigs in Guangdong Province between 2014 and 2018.The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using a microdilution broth method.MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) were 0.06 and 0.25μg m L~(–1) for E.coli and 0.5 and 1μg m L~(–1) for S.aureus,respectively.Statistical analysis and the ECOFFinder Program showed that the CO_(WT )for cefquinome against E.coli and S.aureus were0.125 and 2μg m L~(–1),respectively.The resistance rates were 11.9%for E.coli and 6.25%for S.aureus.Based on a5 000-subject Monte Carlo simulation,the CO_(PD) value for cefquinome against E.coil and S.aureus was 0.25μg m L~(–1) under the recommended dose (2 mg kg~(–1),twice a day for 3 days),confirming that infections caused by strains with MIC≤0.25μg m L~(–1) could be effectively treated.Following adjustment of the dosing regimen to 4.5 mg kg~(–1),effective treatment (90)was achieved for S.aureus infections with MIC_(90) 1μg m L~(–1).This susceptibility breakpoint determination is significant for resistant surveillance and cefquinome dosage guidance against E.coli and S.aureus in pigs.  相似文献   

16.
为利用内生细菌促进大豆生长发育，从而获得环境友好型生物调控剂，从大豆种子中分离得到优势内生细菌，研究其对大豆生长和生理指标的影响。把大豆种子装入无纺布袋内，在土壤中埋藏10 d后取出，种子表面消毒后在灭菌培养皿中培养，在胚根周围分离得到8株内生细菌，通过初步筛选获得2株具有促生作用的优势内生细菌KC-1和MD12-2，经鉴定分别为侧孢芽孢杆菌（Brevibacillus laterosporus）和枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis），具有产生长素（IAA）和溶解有机磷的能力。使用2.5×107 cfu·mL-1的KC-1和MD12-2菌液浸种，对种子萌发有着显著促进作用；盆栽试验表明，10×107、5×107 cfu·mL-1的KC-1和MD12-2菌液浸种，大豆的生长量、叶绿素含量、根系活力、硝酸还原酶活性和根瘤固氮酶活性均显著增加（P<0.05）。  相似文献   

17.
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18.
宋伟丰 《安徽农业科学》2013,(32):12572-12574
[目的]明确黑龙江省春大豆苗期抗旱类型,筛选抗旱资源,为黑龙江省选育抗旱春大豆品种提供优异亲本。[方法]利用干旱反复法对黑龙江省78份春大豆材料进行干旱胁迫,采用盆栽试验,每盆（50em×30cm）保苗10株,每处理3次重复,对照土壤含水量为80％,在大豆3初复叶时进行胁迫,通过调查幼苗的存活率确定不同材料的抗旱类型。[结果]78份供试材料中,抗线号、龙字号、大豆品种和黑河号品种抗旱和不抗旱类型分布比例相差不大,而黑农号大豆品种全部属于抗旱型材料,合丰号和绥农号大豆品种抗旱类型居多,垦丰号和垦豆号品种全部属于非抗旱类型。[结论]耐旱品种有抗线5号、黑农51、黑农52、黑农60、黑农61、龙小粒豆2号、龙青大豆1号、龙黑大豆1号、合丰48、合丰50、合丰51、合农62、绥农28、绥农30、垦丰7;较耐旱品种有抗线4、抗线6、抗线7、黑河43、黑河50、黑河51、黑河53、黑农38、黑农44、黑农48、黑农62、黑农64、黑农65、龙小粒豆1号、合丰35、合丰56、新合丰25、绥农15、垦丰11。  相似文献   

19.
不同基因型大豆植株氮素积累变化动态研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为了探明大豆品种间氮素积累及运转规律,以东农42、黑农35、垦丰9号、东农46和秣食豆为材料,研究不同基因型大豆氮素积累分配差异。结果表明:不同基因型大豆品种叶片和茎秆氮素含量呈降—升—降的变化趋势;荚皮氮素含量呈下降趋势;籽粒氮素含量呈上升趋势。各营养器官氮素含量表现为荚皮叶片茎秆。不同基因型大豆叶片和茎秆氮素积累量变化动态基本一致,呈单峰曲线。荚皮中氮素积累量呈先升高后下降的趋势;籽粒氮素积累量呈持续增长趋势。成熟时全株氮素含量表现为秣食豆黑农35东农42东农46垦丰9号。高蛋白品种的营养体氮素积累峰值、氮素运转量及运转效率显著高于蛋白质含量低的品种,但氮收获指数相差很小。不同器官的氮素运转量和运转效率对籽粒的贡献率均表现为叶片茎秆荚皮。  相似文献   

20.
为研究大豆抗毒素（glyceollins,GLYs）合成的诱导条件,以低聚木糖（xylooligosaccharides,XOS）诱导黑豆合成的GLYs含量为考察目标,以XOS诱导质量浓度、诱导时间、培养温度为考察单因素,在此基础上采用中心组合设计-响应面法优化GLYs合成量的诱导条件。结果显示,建立的模型适合度显著（F=13.780）,GLYs实际合成量与预测值拟合良好（R2=0.925 4）。优化后的最佳诱导条件为XOS诱导质量浓度4.0 g·100 mL-1,培养温度24 ℃,诱导时间4 d。在此条件下,GLYs合成量为1.376 5 mg·g-1 DW,与预测值（1.411 8 mg·g-1 DW）相比,相对误差较小。培养温度对GLYs合成量影响极显著（P<0.05）;XOS诱导质量浓度和诱导时间对GLYs合成量影响不显著;三因素交互作用对GLYs合成量影响均不显著。由此表明,该方法合理可行,为大豆抗毒素制备及功能产品开发提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

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