共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
天然黑色素(Melanin)是存在于植物、动物和微生物中的色素,是目前已知生物色素中最多的一类色素。黑色素具有抗氧化和防止衰老等功能,开发应用黑色素对食品工业具有重大意义。对黑木耳(Auriculair auricuia)中黑色素的提取方法进行了初步研究,将干黑木耳粉碎后以盐酸浸提,再经过滤、溶解、沉淀、离心、干燥得到黑木耳黑色素。通过试验筛选确定浸提盐酸的最佳浓度为3mol·L-1,正交试验确定黑色素的最佳提取条件为物料比1∶25,提取时间1h,提取温度60℃,黑色素提取率为2.70%。 相似文献
2.
胶孢炭疽菌可以侵染桃、核桃等诸多重要农林植物,它可引起生产上诸多经济树种的炭疽病,严重威胁着各国农林业的健康生产。植物病原丝状真菌中黑色素合成途径中关键环节漆酶已经在稻瘟病菌、玉米大斑病菌等进行了较为深入的研究,然而尚未见有关胶孢炭疽菌黑色素合成途径中关键环节漆酶的生物信息学分析报道。本研究以胶孢炭疽菌中漆酶Cg14LAC氨基酸序列为基础,通过TargetP、SignalP、ProtComp、Phyre、big-PI Fungal Predictor、SMART、TMHMM等生物信息学分析工具对上述序列开展蛋白质亚细胞定位、细胞信号肽、二级结构、锚定位点、保守结构域、跨膜结构域等进行分析,同时对上述序列开展与炭疽菌属不同真菌遗传进化关系分析。研究结果为进一步深入开展该蛋白在致病过程中所具有的功能研究打下坚实的理论基础。 相似文献
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黑色素是许多植物病原真菌致病因子,为明确灰葡萄孢黑色素在致病及抗逆过程中的作用,本试验采用PEG介导的原生质体转化的方法获得了1个黑色素缺失突变体,并通过基因扩增及分子杂交对其进行鉴定。对突变菌株的致病力进行测定,结果显示突变菌株的致病力明显下降,并且与野生型相比突变菌株的生长速度下降和对紫外线敏感性加强。说明黑色素在灰霉致病性及抗逆中起关键作用,这为今后以灰霉黑色素为靶位点设计杀菌剂进行防治奠定了基础。 相似文献
4.
【目的】研究山杏种皮黑色素与Cu2+和Zn2+络合的相关性质,为山杏种皮黑色素以及其他植物黑色素的开发利用提供依据。【方法】采用电位滴定、紫外-可见光差示吸收光谱和红外光谱对山杏种皮黑色素与Cu2+和Zn2+的络合物进行分析。【结果】Cu2+和Zn2+与山杏种皮黑色素络合后,均能促进山杏种皮黑色素酸性位点的去质子化作用,但Cu2+的促进作用更强,结合更为牢固;随pH值升高,山杏种皮黑色素中解离出的络合位点增多,络合Cu2+能力增强。【结论】Cu2+和Zn2+主要与山杏种皮黑色素中羰基发生络合作用,氨基和羟基参与了络合。 相似文献
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采用自组装技术,在碱性溶液中制备黑色素自组装薄膜。利用扫描电镜、红外光谱、光电子能谱和X射线衍射仪对其进行表征。结果表明,黑色素溶液在带有负电荷的基底(硅片)上,通过自组装技术组装,得到均匀和形貌一致的黑色素薄膜。由红外光谱和光电子能谱可知,黑色素成分通过N-O-Si形式与基底结合。X-射线衍射结果显示,组装在硅片上的自组装薄膜在2个方向上都是有序的结构。这对理解黑色素薄膜的微观结构是非常有用的一个研究。 相似文献
6.
云南乌骨绵羊的发现及其特征性状的研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
首次报道了乌骨绵羊的发现过程和分布状况,并对其生活环境、外貌和解剖特征作了描述。IR光谱研究结果表明,乌骨绵羊黑色素的基本结构与乌骨鸡基本一致,主要是真黑色素。黑色素在乌骨绵羊组织器官中的沉积表现出明显的时(年龄)空(组织器官)差异,即随着年龄的增加,组织器官中的黑色素含量也随之增加;各组织器官中黑色素含量高低顺序为肝脏>气管、心脏、肾脏>脾脏、肺>舌、肌肉、皮肤>骨骼,与乌骨鸡的沉积模式有所不同。 相似文献
7.
一、市场前景
黑玉米也叫小玉米、乌玉米,是玉米的一种特殊类型.黑玉米富含黑色素,其籽粒角质层不同程度地沉淀黑色素,外观乌黑发亮.黑色素属于花色素类物质,具有很强的清除人体内自由基和抗氧化的能力,同时在降血糖、降血脂、护肝和抗肿瘤方面也具有一定的作用.黑玉米含有多种人体必需的微量元素、植物蛋白质、氨基酸、不饱和脂肪酸等,而且其营养元素含量明显高于其他谷类作物. 相似文献
8.
[目的]研究微波辅助碱提酸析法提取黎豆黑色素的工艺条件。[方法]分别采用碱提酸析法和微波辅助碱提酸析法提取成熟黎豆种皮中的黑色素,以紫外分光光度法测定黎豆黑色素的含量。[结果]黎豆种皮黑色素含量为2.41%;碱提酸析法最佳提取工艺为1.0mol/L NaOH溶液为提取剂、料液比1∶20(g/ml),浸提时间4～6 h,再调提取液pH值为2,进行酸析;在此条件下,黑色素粗提物得率为(91.2±2.0)%,黑色素纯度为(36.5±2.1)%;微波辅助碱提酸析最佳工艺为料液比1∶20(g/ml)、1.0 mol/L NaOH溶液为提取剂、微波高档功率处理25 min;在此条件下,黑色素粗提物得率为(95.3±1.5)%,黑色素纯度达到(37.4±1.5)%。[结论]黎豆种皮中含有较为丰富的植物黑色素,值得进一步研究和开发利用;微波辅助较常规碱提酸析工艺明显提高了黎豆种皮黑色素粗提物得率,且大大缩短了提取时间。 相似文献
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Spatial structures may occur in nonlinear systems far from equilibrium. Chemical waves, which are concentration variations of chemical species propagating in a system, are an example of such structures. A survey is given of some experiments on chemical waves by spectroscopic and microphotographic techniques, arranged according to different types of waves, different geometries, and various properties. 相似文献
12.
Yablonovitch E 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,246(4928):347-351
Since the original theoretical insights of Bardeen and Shockley about 40 years ago, the progress of solid-state electronics has been paced by the ability to control chemical bonding structures, particularly at surfaces and interfaces. The functioning of solid-state devices depends on being able to produce interfacial structures with a minimum number of defective chemical bonds. A series of chemical discoveries and insights, on germanium (Ge) and silicon (Si) surfaces and gallium arsenide-aluminum arsenide (GaAs-AlAs) interfaces, has brought the electronics revolution to its present state of development. In most cases, the technological consequences of these accidental discoveries could not be accurately foreseen. With that caution, the technological prognosis for some current research is also reviewed. 相似文献
13.
Molecular self-assembly and nanochemistry: a chemical strategy for the synthesis of nanostructures 总被引：39，自引：0，他引：39
Molecular self-assembly is the spontaneous association of molecules under equilibrium conditions into stable, structurally well-defined aggregates joined by noncovalent bonds. Molecular self-assembly is ubiquitous in biological systems and underlies the formation of a wide variety of complex biological structures. Understanding self-assembly and the associated noncovalent interactions that connect complementary interacting molecular surfaces in biological aggregates is a central concern in structural biochemistry. Self-assembly is also emerging as a new strategy in chemical synthesis, with the potential of generating nonbiological structures with dimensions of 1 to 10(2) nanometers (with molecular weights of 10(4) to 10(10) daltons). Structures in the upper part of this range of sizes are presently inaccessible through chemical synthesis, and the ability to prepare them would open a route to structures comparable in size (and perhaps complementary in function) to those that can be prepared by microlithography and other techniques of microfabrication. 相似文献
14.
师进生 《青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,26(2):157-159
本文研究了Bi2Sr2CuO6超导性与其价键结构间的关系。使用复杂晶体化学键理论,计算了Bi2Sr2CuO6超导体中的不同相结构的价键参数,通过比较不同相结构中的共价性关系,确定了此超导体中的超导成分为Bi3+Bi2+Sr2Cu3+O6,同时指出只有当Bi3+Bi2+Sr2Cu3+O6的含量≥61.6%时,Bi2Sr2CuO6具有超导性。 相似文献
15.
Cava RJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,247(4943):656-662
The crystal structures of the known copper oxide superconductors are described, with particular emphasis on the manner in which they fall into structural families. The local charge picture, a framework for understanding the influence of chemical composition, stoichiometry, and doping on the electrical properties of complex structures, is also described. 相似文献
16.
The planning of alternative routes for the synthesis of complex organic molecules has been facilitated by the formulation of guiding strategies that can be applied to a broad range of problems. Analysis of organic synthesis can be carried out in the retrosynthetic direction, opposite to the actual process of chemical synthesis, or bidirectionally, that is, as a combined retrosynthetic and synthetic search. An interactive computer program is described which utilizes the general strategies of retrosynthetic analysis and an appropriate database to generate pathways of chemical intermediates for chemical synthesis of a particular target structure. Computer graphics and standard chemical structures are used for man-machine communication. 相似文献
17.
Thallium ion-induced carbonyl carbon chemical shifts were compared for all of the L-residue-peptide carbonyl carbons of the gramicidin A transmembrane channel. Molecular structures were deduced by using the argument that helically equivalent and equally proximal carbonyls would exhibit essentially equivalent ion-induced chemical shifts. The transmembrane channel was found to be a head-to-head dimer with the structure of a left-handed, single-stranded beta-helix. 相似文献
18.
《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1980,209(4452):89-95
Chemical synthesis is the ultimate source of most of the new materials that serve society. Progress in chemical synthesis depends on comparable advances in other branches of chemistry, such as in analysis, methods for determining the intimate details of chemical structures and of reaction mechanisms, and theories of chemical structure and reactions. Recent progress in some of these areas of chemistry is described. 相似文献
19.
本文论述了三种肥料结构对红壤性水稻土氮磷钾养分状况的影响。土壤中的生物学有效性氮、氨基酸态氮、氨基酸、速效磷和活性有机磷的含量变化趋势是,以作物残体+灶灰+猪粪+化肥处理>作物残体+灶灰+化肥处理>绿肥+化肥处理。在各处理中,土壤中速效钾和缓效钾的含量变化不大,但采取秸杆、灶灰、菜籽饼和猪粪还田的措施,在节约化学钾肥提高作物产量中起了良好作用。 相似文献
20.
Ungar EW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1967,158(3802):740-744
The performance of ablation thermal protection systems is intimately related to the mass transfer, heat transfer, and chemical reactions which occur within the gas boundary layer. Production of a liquid layer and phase change or chemical reaction heat sinks greatly improve materials performance. Materials are available which achieve many goals for thermal protection. However, advanced materials which are now being developed provide hope of further reductions in the weight of heat-shielding structures. 相似文献