共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
The ability to map profit across a cotton field would enable producers to determine where money is being made or lost on their farms and to implement precise field management practices to facilitate the highest return possible on each portion of a field. Mapping profit requires knowledge of site-specific costs and revenues, including yield and price. Price varies site-specifically because fiber quality varies, so mapping fiber quality is an important component of profit mapping. To map fiber quality, the harvest location of individual cotton bales must be known, and thus a system to track the harvest location of cotton modules must be available. To this end, a wireless module-tracking system was recently developed, but automation of the system is required before it will find practical use on the farm. In Part 1 of this report, research to develop automatic triggering of wireless messages is described. In Part 2, research to enable the system to function with multiple harvesting machines of the same type in the same field - a common situation in commercial cotton farming - is described along with testing of the entire automated wireless module-tracking system (WMTS). An RFID system was incorporated, and it enabled the WMTS to correctly and consistently differentiate among various harvesting vehicles. The improved WMTS subsequently sent wireless messages to the correct machines when cotton transfers were made in the presence of multiple harvest machines. Overall testing proved that the automated WMTS worked largely as designed. When both complete and partial cotton basket dumps were simulated, the correct wireless-messaging decision was made 100% of the time. 相似文献
2.
A system including wireless-communication and GPS technologies was designed, constructed and field tested to enable site-specific
crop management in cotton production in the form of fiber-quality mapping. The system is comprised of three functional sub-systems
associated with the three machines typically used in cotton harvesting: harvester, boll buggy and module builder. Harvest
area for a basket load of cotton is recorded with GPS, and the module into which a basket is dumped is tracked through wireless
communication among the sub-systems. In three field tests, the system was easily installed on equipment and performed as designed.
Fiber-quality maps were produced by combining the GPS-based module area data collected during harvest with bale-level fiber-quality
data measured at a cotton classing office after ginning. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in most cotton
fiber properties among mapped modules, and spatial trends were identified. The system provides a useful tool for studying
spatial variability in cotton fiber quality. 相似文献
3.
【目的】有效发掘利用海岛棉优异性状基因,拓宽陆地棉栽培种遗传基础。【方法】采用新疆主栽早中熟陆地棉品种新陆中60号为母本,与优质海岛棉品种新海41号为父本杂交,并以新陆中60号为轮回亲本构建出由151个BC1F1单株组成的回交群体,利用SSR分子标记和Join Map4.0软件构建遗传连锁图谱,采用复合区间作图法(CIM)对BC1F2纤维品质性状的进行QTL定位。【结果】构建的遗传连锁图谱包含52个多态性标记、14个连锁群,该图谱总长824 cM,覆盖棉花基因组的18.5%;最长的连锁群为150.3 cM,包含6个标记,最短的为0.3 cM,包含2个标记。检测到1个与纤维上半部平均长度相关的QTL,qFL-Chr14-1,定位在第14号染色体上,解释表型变异8.59%。【结论】筛选的与优质QTL位点相关SSR标记可应用于棉花优质分子标记辅助选择。 相似文献
4.
5.
陆地棉纤维品质相关QTL定位研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
【目的】以湘杂棉2号和中棉所28两个具有共同亲本的陆地棉强优势杂交种的F2为作图群体,构建覆盖率较高的遗传图谱,发掘稳定的纤维品质相关QTL,为标记辅助选择提供依据。【方法】利用SSR标记和JoinMap3.0软件构建陆地棉连锁图,利用Win QTLCart 2.5的复合区间作图法分别对2群体6个纤维品质相关性状在F2和F2:3中进行QTL定位。【结果】利用包含245个多态位点、全长1 847.81 cM的遗传图谱检测纤维品质QTL。中棉所28群体在多环境平均值的联合分析中检测到22个QTL,三环境分离分析中检测到39个QTL;湘杂棉2号群体分别检测到18个和51个QTL。在A3、D2、D9等染色体上有QTL成簇分布现象,并在2个群体中发现一些不受环境影响,稳定遗传的QTL。纤维长度、纤维强度、麦克隆值和伸长率4个性状在2个群体中发现有8对共同QTL。【结论】这些稳定遗传的QTL可以用于分子标记辅助纤维品质改良的育种选择。 相似文献
6.
Yufeng Ge J. Alex Thomasson Ruixiu Sui Cristine L. Morgan Stephen W. Searcy Calvin B. Parnell 《Precision Agriculture》2008,9(4):181-194
A field study was conducted in 2006 in a dryland cotton field in Texas, USA, to explore the spatial variation of cotton fiber
quality and the loan rate associated with it. A total of 66 cotton samples were hand-harvested, and the fiber quality properties
investigated included the High Volume Instrument measurements of micronaire, length, uniformity, strength, elongation, reflectance
(Rd) and yellowness (+b). Conventional statistics showed a generally low level of variation in fiber quality with coefficients
of variation <10%. Variogram analysis showed that all fiber quality properties were spatially correlated. Contour maps of
individual fiber quality properties were produced from block kriged estimates. Fiber length, uniformity, strength and Rd were
positively correlated, and all of these were negatively correlated with +b. The spatial distribution of most fiber quality
properties was similar to that of soil apparent electrical conductivity, suggesting that water holding capacity could be a
limiting factor for cotton fiber quality. Maps of individual fiber quality properties were combined with the United State
Department of Agriculture—Commodity Credit Corporation Loan Schedule for Upland Cotton to create a loan rate map that is associated
with fiber quality. A loan rate difference of 20 cents kg–1 was observed within the field. This level of difference indicated that fiber quality at the field level can have a large
impact on producers’ revenue. A site-specific management system encompassing both lint yields and fiber quality is strongly
recommended for cotton production. 相似文献
7.
Core soil sampling followed by laboratory analysis is the traditional method used to map soil pH prior to variable rate application (VRA) of lime on cropland. A recently developed automated soil sampling system capable of measuring soil pH on-the-go has significantly increased sampling resolution. However, adoption of such systems must be justified economically. This paper presents a method for assessing the economic benefit from automated mapping of soil pH prior to variable rate lime application. In this work, geostatistical, agronomic, and economic methods were used to generate a comprehensive numerical model for quantitative assessment of the net return over cost of liming for different lime management strategies. The strategies included: automated pH mapping, manual grid soil sampling, and whole field sampling used in combination with either variable or fixed rate liming. The model was demonstrated using a simulated field with known average pH and semivariogram model. The analysis showed the largest benefit ($6.13ha–1year–1) from using VRA with automated soil pH mapping versus VRA based on 1ha (2.5acres) manual grid point sampling for the selected simulated field conditions. A sensitivity analysis demonstrated that for a wide range of field conditions and crop prices, VRA plus automated mapping promises higher relative benefits than VRA based on either manual grid point or grid cell sampling. 相似文献
8.
《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2009,68(1-2):71-79
Our research has shown that cotton insect pests, specifically tarnished plant bugs, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Heteroptera: Miridae) can be controlled early season in commercial cotton fields in Mississippi, USA, using spatially variable insecticide applications. Technology was developed for using GIS-based map scouting and a technique called the line-intercept method for obtaining low-level insect population counts in both rapidly growing areas of cotton and poorer growing areas. Using these population characteristics in combination with heuristic knowledge of the cotton fields and with the GIS maps, a spatially sensitive map could then be developed that could drive a spatially variable insecticide application for the control of the insect pest. We outline the steps needed to develop an automated technology for overcoming the time-sensitive events for early season control of cotton pests. This technology not only includes software systems for processing multispectral images to spatially variable insecticide application maps for spray controllers in the field but also high-speed wireless local area network (WLAN) technology for automated delivery of these controller application maps and for acquisition of as-applied and harvest maps from the field. 相似文献
9.
利用F2及其衍生群体定位陆地棉产量和纤维品质性状QTLs 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以陆地棉(Gossypiumhirsutum L.)丰产品种中棉所35和优质品种渝棉1号杂交产生的F2群体为材料,利用SSR标记构建了包含46个连锁群和303个位点的连锁图谱.该图覆盖2 543.6 c M,约占四倍体棉花基因组的57.2%,标记间平均距离为8.4 c M.应用MQM作图法分析F2及其衍生群体家系的产量和纤维品质性状,共得到25个产量和23个纤维品质性状QTLs,其中1个QTL(qFS07-1)在3个环境下检测到,2个QTLs(qFS20-1和qFS21-1)在2个环境下检测到.在检测到的QTLs中,22个分布在A亚组,26个分布在D亚组. 相似文献
10.
【目的】研究棉花棕色纤维的遗传规律,寻找并定位与棕色纤维基因连锁的分子标记,为进一步在棉花基因组学水平上定位、克隆棕色纤维基因和棕色棉纤维品质改良奠定基础。【方法】基于陆地棉显性多基因标记系T586（具有深棕色纤维基因Lc1）与海岛棉新海16配制的海岛棉×陆地棉杂交F2群体,结合色彩色差仪对棕色纤维色泽的分类进行分析,并充分利用棉花基因组分子标记遗传连锁图谱信息、多态性分子标记筛选和图位克隆的方法,定位与棕色棉纤维基因Lc1连锁的分子标记。【结果】根据T586与新海16杂交后代F2群体（443个有效纤维单株）深棕色纤维、棕色（中间色）和洁白色纤维的分离比例,将Lc1定位于棉花基因组A亚组第7染色体微卫星标记NAU4030和CGR5119之间约8 cM的遗传距离内,其中,Lc1与标记CGR5119的遗传距离约为2.8 cM,与NAU4030之间的遗传交换距离约为5.1 cM,构建了Lc1位点的遗传连锁图谱。【结论】棉花深棕色纤维性状由单基因控制并呈现半显性遗传方式,Lc1位点附近的分子标记信息可在棕色棉分子标记辅助育种中得以利用。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
利用四交群体构建陆地棉栽培品种间的SSR标记遗传图谱 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
作物遗传作图与QTL定位常应用在源于两自交系的单交群体上,是利用2个亲本之间的遗传多态信息;而育种实践中经常用到的四交群体却很少用于遗传作图。本研究将异交物种中F1分离群体的作图方法应用于常异花授粉作物棉花上,以4个陆地棉栽培品种泗棉3号、苏棉12、中4133和8891为亲本,构建陆地棉品种间四交作图群体泗棉3号/苏棉12//中4133/8891,利用JoinMap3.0构建了1张陆地棉栽培品种间的SSR标记遗传图谱。该图谱由56个连锁群组成,总长为2113.3cM,含有286个SSR多态位点,覆盖率达42.3%;单个连锁群的标记数2~24个,平均5.2个;长度为0.37~125cM,平均38.4cM;标记间的平均距离为7.4cM。这是目前报道的第1张覆盖率达40%的陆地棉栽培品种间的分子标记遗传图谱。 相似文献
14.
Individual plant care may well become embodied in precision farming in the future and will lead to new opportunities in agricultural crop management. The objective of this project was to develop and evaluate a data logging system attached to a precision seeder to enable high accuracy seed position mapping of a field of sugar beet. A Real Time Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK GPS), optical seed detectors and a data logging system were retrofitted on to a precision seeder to map the seeds as they were planted. The average error between the seed map and the actual plant map was about 16–43 mm depending on vehicle speed and seed spacing. The results showed that the overall accuracy of the estimated plant positions was acceptable for the guidance of vehicles and implements as well as potential individual plant treatments. 相似文献
15.
棉纤维是纺织工业的重要原材料,在国民经济发展中具有举足轻重的地位。棉纤维细胞发育进程是一个多基因调控的、有序的系统发生过程,包括纤维起始期、伸长期、次生壁合成与加厚期和脱水成熟期等4个时期。随着遗传学、细胞学和分子生物学等学科的交叉融合,棉纤维生长发育调控分子机制的研究已成为研究热点。目前大多研究集中在运用遗传定位、基因克隆以及近年来兴起的深度测序等技术对棉纤维生长发育的调控机制进行解析。为了更加系统地了解棉纤维的发育过程,详细描述了棉纤维发育各时期的形态结构变化及特征,概述了经典遗传学在棉纤维遗传规律和基因定位方面的工作,以及从转录组学、蛋白组学及表观遗传学领域总结了近年来深度测序技术在棉花纤维组学研究方面的运用和取得的进展,并简述了棉纤维发育各个时期所涉及的相关调控基因。纤维的产量由棉纤维发育起始期决定,长度由伸长期决定,且伸长期的生化反应最为活跃,是影响纤维品质的关键时期。棉纤维遗传规律的研究发现,性状相同而基因型不同的材料,其棉纤维遗传模式也不同。纤维品质和产量相关的数量性状位点（QTL）遍布各个染色体,一些稳定的主效QTL（如FS1,qLI17和qFL-Chr14-3等）值得科研工作者进一步关注并有望在分子辅助选择中进行应用;质量性状基因的最新进展明确了显性基因Li1和N2,分别是肌动蛋白编码基因和转录因子MYB25-like。转录组学、蛋白组学及表观遗传学领域三方位的深度测序有效建立了RNA水平和蛋白质水平、编码区域和非编码序列之间的联系,并发现一系列的转录因子、编码转脂蛋白的基因、钙信号转导相关基因、多糖合成相关蛋白、大量的miRNA以及DNA甲基化作用等共同参与棉纤维发育过程。 相似文献
16.
棉花许多重要的性状多为数量性状。现代分子生物技术的发展为植物数量性状基因的定位、分离等研究提供了条件。从数量性状基因座(QTL)作图群体类型及其特点,QTL定位方法,QTL精细定位、克隆、利用等方面进行了综述,并对今后QTL研究进行了展望。 相似文献
17.
使用Visual Basic6．0编程语言开发了YMapper产量分布图生成软件系统。研究了一种具有粗大误差数据过滤功能的局部平均插值方法，分析了产量分布图生成过程中涉及到的坐标系定义、产量数据分类与统计分析、图形配色与绘制等问题。对谷物和棉花等作物产量数据的处理结果表明，该系统能够对联合收割机测产系统记录的产量数据文件进行处理，通过插值运算将离散分布的产量数据点生成连续的产量分布图；其误差数据过滤功能能够防止产量过低和过高的粗大误差数据点参与插值运算，使产量分布图的精度得到了保证。系统能够按照用户设置的分类和着色方式，将作物产量的空间分布情况以产量数据点图或产量分布图的形式显示。并且能够对作物的产量水平进行统计分析。 相似文献
18.
陆地棉产量、纤维品质相关性状主效QTL和上位性互作分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
【目的】为了能够较为全面地了解陆地棉产量和纤维品质相关性状的遗传基础,利用包含471个标记、总长3 070.2 cM、覆盖棉花基因组65.88%左右的遗传图谱对其进行主效QTL定位和上位性互作分析。【方法】以DH962×冀棉5号的F2:3家系为分析群体,用WinQTLCartV2.5进行复合区间作图定位主效QTL,利用EPISTACY软件对共显性标记进行两位点的上位性互作分析。【结果】共检测到9个与产量相关性状的主效QTL,和5个与纤维品质相关性状的主效QTL,整齐度和比强度在显著LOD阈值下没有检测到相关QTL。共检测到75对互作位点,大多数互作属于非QTL位点与非QTL位点之间的互作,互作类型以加性显性互作和显性加性互作为主。所涉及的性状中,影响衣分和纤维长度的互作位点最多,单株铃数和衣指的最少。在LG1上检测到1个同时控制单株籽棉重、单株皮棉重和籽指主效QTL。在两位点的互作对中也发现了同时影响单株籽棉重、单株皮棉重和马克隆值的互作位点1对,同时影响衣分和纤维长度的互作位点4对。【结论】除了主效QTL外,上位性是陆地棉产量和纤维品质性状的重要遗传基础。主效QTL的效应小和上位性互作将会使得棉花分子标记辅助育种更加困难和复杂。表型相关的性状是由相同的QTL/互作位点所控制,这有助于多个性状的同时选择。 相似文献
19.
【目的】通过构建高密度SNP遗传图谱，开展棉花多群体产量相关性状的QTL定位，获得稳定性好、精确度高的QTL，为产量性状调控基因的挖掘和有效分子标记的开发提供依据。【方法】以高稳产冀丰1271为母本、优质自交系冀丰173为父本，构建包含200个单株的F2群体，利用测序基因分型(genotyping by sequencing,GBS)技术开发群体的SNP标记并构建高密度遗传图谱，对F2、F2:3、F2:4群体的衣分、子指和单铃重进行QTL定位，注释主效和稳定QTL位点内的基因并分析基因在不同组织的表达模式，筛选候选基因。【结果】通过简化基因组测序，共获得383.07 Gb数据，包括母本冀丰1271的26.93 Gb、父本冀丰173的27.30 Gb和F2群体的328.84 Gb,Q30值分别为90.55%、89.95%和95.77%。在F2群体中开发了1 305 642个SNP标记，其中，用于构建遗传图谱的aa?bb型SNP为410 726个。构建了一张包... 相似文献
20.
以北疆高产棉田棉纤维作为研究对象,引入生态位适宜度理论，对三个打顶次数不同的处理的棉花群体棉纤维生态位适宜度进行分析研究，结果表明：用生态位适宜度来评价棉纤维品质是切实可行的，三个打顶处理中7月10日和7月25日打顶棉株棉纤维生态位适宜度均为中部最高，并且随着棉花群体打顶次数的增加，其下部棉纤维生态位适宜度较上部有逐渐增高的趋势，与一次打顶相比较，其二、三次打顶棉株上、下部棉纤维生态位适宜度均升高。二、三次打顶处理中的6月25日打顶棉株棉纤维生态位适宜度最大值所在部位上移至棉株上部。 相似文献