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Fulicur与Caramba防治小麦赤霉病的效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
室内试验表明:Fulicur与Caramba对小麦赤霉菌的菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发有强烈的抑制作用,效果略高于对照药剂多菌灵;抑制中浓度(EC50)分别为0.47μL/L与0.54μL/L。田间药效测定表明:接种前2d喷药与接种后2d喷药,与对照相比,Fulicur可使小麦赤霉病病情减少80.3%和70.6%,产量增加11.46%与8.03%;Caramba可使小麦赤霉病病情减少80.5%与68.0%,产量增加10.24%与10.28%。初步认为这两种药剂可以作为防治小麦赤霉病的替代品种。 相似文献
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2001~2003年,对不同药剂防治小麦赤霉病的效果进行了田间试验研究。结果表明,接种前2,3 d和接种后2,3,5 d喷施三唑类杀菌剂,与接种未喷药对照相比,戊唑醇可使小麦赤霉病病情指数减少76.47%~78.67%,籽粒中毒素含量减少64.19%~81.39%,增产10.81%~21.15%;羟菌唑可使小麦赤霉病病情指数减少74.64%~82.06%,籽粒中毒素含量减少42.43%~88.01%,增产11.01%~13.35%;大田示范试验中,处理区小麦赤霉病病情指数比对照区平均减少91.92%;对照药剂多菌灵与利德隆对小麦赤霉病也有很好的防治效果。 相似文献
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为提高小麦赤霉病防治水平,延缓病菌抗药性的产生,特选用4个不同药剂组合进行了田间药效试验。结果表明,在第2次施药后30 d调查,200 g/L氟唑菌酰羟胺悬浮剂900 mL/hm2+250 g/L丙环唑乳油600 mL/hm2处理对小麦赤霉病的防效最好,病穗防效为75.31%,病指防效为85.26%,且小麦产量高于其他处理;其次是30%丙硫菌唑可分散油悬浮剂450mL/hm2+35%氟菌·戊唑醇悬浮剂450 mL/hm2处理和40%丙硫菌唑·戊唑醇600 mL/hm2+25%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂150 mL/hm2处理,对小麦赤霉病的病穗防效和病指防效均在60%以上。 相似文献
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为筛选出新的防治小麦赤霉病的药剂组合,于2023年进行田间药效试验,验证40％吡唑醚菌酯·丙硫菌唑悬浮剂、325克/升丙硫菌唑·肟菌酯悬浮剂、40%丙硫菌唑·氟吡菌酰胺悬浮剂、40%丙硫菌唑·氟嘧菌酯悬浮剂、40%氟吡菌酰胺·戊唑醇悬浮剂与单剂30%丙硫菌唑可分散油悬浮剂、430克/升戊唑醇悬浮剂对小麦赤霉病的防治效果及产量的影响。结果表明:40％吡唑醚菌酯·丙硫菌唑悬浮剂等5个组合药剂,相对于传统的单剂对小麦赤霉病有着较好的防效且药效期长,对小麦的产量结构有较好的促进作用,是适宜广泛应用与推广防治小麦赤霉病的优选药剂。 相似文献
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戊唑醇对小麦赤霉病的田间防治和增产效果 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
通过2013年田间药效试验,研究了不同浓度戊唑醇对小麦赤霉病的田间防治和增产效果。结果表明:随着药剂戊唑醇用量的逐级增加,赤霉病病情指数逐渐减小,病害发生逐渐减轻,药剂防治效果逐级显著。与对照相比,喷施240g/hm2戊唑醇或喷施90 g/hm2戊唑醇与375 g/hm2多菌灵的混合药剂可分别使小麦赤霉病病情指数降低60.84%和67.09%,病穗率降低34.32%和35.61%,产量增加3.19%和5.70%,说明戊唑醇对赤霉病防治效果较好,且对小麦生长安全,可以作为防治小麦赤霉病的替代品种。 相似文献
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为明确不同药剂对小麦赤霉病的飞防效果及对小麦的安全性，通过植保无人机施药法在小麦不同生育期进行了田间药效试验。结果表明，2021年在小麦始花期喷施1次43%戊唑醇SC 300mL/hm2、375mL/hm2，30%肟菌·戊唑醇SC 600mL/hm2，以43%戊唑醇375mL/hm2对赤霉病防效较好，对病穗与病指防效分别为72.4%与75.6%，而以43%戊唑醇SC 300 mL/hm2与30%肟菌·戊唑醇SC 600mL/hm2防效较低，仅54.2%、40.8%与58.2%、45.5%；于小麦始花期与盛花期各喷施1次43%戊唑醇SC 300mL/hm2、 375m/hm2L，30%肟菌·戊唑醇SC 600mL/hm2，对赤霉病病穗防效、病指防效均较好，分别为69.3%、76.1%、64.1%与73.2%、79.3%、69.2%，但以43%戊唑醇375 mL/hm2防效为最佳。2022年于小麦盛花期与盛花末期各喷施1次43%戊唑醇SC 375 mL/hm2加30%丙硫菌唑OD 450 mL/hm2，30%唑醚·戊唑醇SC 600 mL/hm2，30%肟菌·戊唑醇SC 750 mL/hm2，对赤霉病病穗防效、病指防效均较好，分别为86.3%，89.2%，77.2%与89.5%，88.4%，79.3%，但以43%戊唑醇SC 375 mL/hm2加30%丙硫菌唑OD450 mL/hm2最佳。各药剂处理对小麦植株均安全。 相似文献
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为了筛选防治小麦赤霉病和控制毒素的高效杀菌剂,通过田间小区药效试验及小麦样品DON毒素检测,研究了4种杀菌剂对小麦赤霉病的防治效果和控制毒素的能力。结果表明,36%克菌丹·叶菌唑SC、45%戊唑醇·咪鲜胺EW、48%氰稀·戊唑醇SC和40%戊唑·多菌灵SC在小麦抽穗80%,扬花初期施用,对小麦赤霉病均有较好的防治效果,病指防效在84.25%~93.96%,样品DON毒素检测结果在0.12~0.64μg/ml,其中36%克菌丹·叶菌唑SC 900 ml/hm2的病指防效为93.96%,样品平均DON毒素检测结果为0.12μg/ml,控制毒素效果达93.72%。 相似文献
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《农业科学与技术》2017,(12)
Chemical control of wheat Fusarium head blight(FHB) is emphasized when the genetic resistance in cultivars is insufficient in preventing the crop from disease damage or the crop is under high FHB epidemic pressure. Considering the accumulating resistance to carbendazim in FHB pathogens due to its repeatedly use, alternative fungicides with higher efficacy and safety need to be selected and recommended. In this study, ten fungicides were screened for their efficiencies of controlling FHB on winter wheat in Anhui Province, during 2015-2016 growing season. Fusarium infection, demonstrated both as disease incidence and severity, was positively correlated to the Fusarium-damaged kernels(FDKs) and deoxynivalenol(DON) content in the harvested grains and negatively correlated to the grain yield. Fungicides containing tebuconazole, e.g. phenamacril+tebuconazole, tebuconazole+thiram, prothioconazole+tebuconazole, and thiophanate-methyl+tebuconazole all showed control effects on FHB,especially when those fungicides were sprayed onto the spikes at early anthesis and then a second spray one week later.Phenamacril, though gave no obvious effects on decreasing FHB incidence and severity, performed equally in decreasing the FDKs and DON content to tebuconazole. Those fungicides could be recommended to control wheat FHB, and better to be used alternately in the purpose of avoiding accumulating resistance in the causal pathogens. Biocontrol agent validamycin A +Bacillus cereus endospores also achieved acceptable control efficiency, especially under situations that environmental and food-safety issues were concerned. Difenoconazole +polyoxin B and tetramycin failed to show any advantages in controlling the infection of FHB pathogens. 相似文献
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Abstract:Fusariam head blight(FHB)is a worldwide destructive disease of wheat in the warm,semi-humid or humid regions,especially serious in China.The disease not only causes significant losses in yield and re duces grain quanlity,but also induces toxin to contaminated seeds,which is harmful to the healthy of human and livestocks,So it is important to control it.There are several methods to control Fusarium head blight (FHB).Such as using Crop rotation,Soil cultivation and Fertiliser,biological control,Fungicides control, transgenes,resistance to control Fusarium head blight(FHB).All of these methods gain some effect,but also exist their deficiency.Sometimes crop rotation had no significant effect on DON contamination of wheat grain,subsequent reductions in DON contamination were inconsistent when using Soil cultivation and Fer tiliser,Unfortunately,under field conditions,the biological control achieved has been shown to be variable and in some tests has failed to give any control,The use of fungicides,however,have not been consistently effective in controlling FHB and in reducing DON formation,transgene-silencing at different generations is a problem to use transgenes,Information on location of QTL for FHB resistance should improve dramatically in the near future on resistance to control Fusarium head blight(FHB).Therefore,it is pressing to improve control methods,especially to DON. 相似文献
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为明确小麦不同生长期喷施430 g/L戊唑醇悬浮剂对小麦赤霉病防治效果的影响,于2021年在甘肃省陇南市徽县栗川镇范寺村进行了田间试验。结果表明,在小麦抽穗期、扬花期、灌浆期喷雾,田间防效分别为93.23%、84.39%、36.51%,折合产量分别为9 168.0、8 949.0、8 376.0 kg/hm2,较喷清水分别增产10.76%、8.12%、1.19%。说明小麦抽穗期到扬花期是甘肃陇南防治小麦赤霉病的关键时期,在该阶段进行杀菌剂喷雾防治,可有效控制小麦赤霉病的发生流行。 相似文献
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为明确品种抗性、杀菌剂施药时期和防治次数相结合对小麦赤霉病(Fusarium head blight,FHB)病情指数(Disease index,DI)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(Deoxynivalenol,DON)毒素含量和千粒重(Thousand-grain weight,TGW)的影响,2016—2018年连续2个年度使用6个不同抗性水平的冬小麦品种(‘郑麦9023’‘鄂麦006’‘鄂麦170’‘襄麦35’‘鄂麦DH16’‘宁麦13’),分别在扬花初期和扬花初期第6天喷施430 g/L戊唑醇防治小麦赤霉病,对病情指数、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇毒素含量和千粒重进行评价。结果表明:品种抗性和杀菌剂对DI、DON毒素含量和TGW的影响极显著(P<0.000 1);品种×杀菌剂联合作用,对TGW影响不显著(P>0.05);杀菌剂防治1次和2次对中抗品种的DI和DON毒素含量差异不显著;比较品种间DI和DON的防效,中抗品种对DI和DON毒素积累的防治效果要显著高于中感病品种(P<0.05)。因此,品种抗性与药剂相结合是防治小麦赤霉病和DON毒素积累的有效策略。 相似文献
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为了减少化学农药的使用并建立小麦赤霉病的高效生防技术，从各地小麦赤霉病发病穗部分离筛选到1株对小麦赤霉病具有高拮抗活性的细菌Z54，对该菌株进行菌株鉴定、室内抑菌测定、盆栽防病试验和田间小区防治试验。经分子生物学鉴定结合形态学分析，将该菌株鉴定为枯草芽胞杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）。平板对峙结果显示，Z54菌株对亚洲镰刀菌（Fusarium asiaticum）P2的菌丝抑制率达到70.13%；Z54菌株发酵液与亚洲镰刀菌P2在PDA上共培养结果显示，Z54菌株对P2的抑制率达到100%。盆栽防病试验显示，Z54菌株的菌体和菌株发酵液对小麦赤霉病的防治效果分别为78.57%和77.95%。田间小区试验显示，菌体与菌株发酵液对小麦赤霉病的防治效果分别为73.63%和75.82%。研究结果表明，枯草芽胞杆菌Z54菌株对亚洲镰刀菌引起的小麦赤霉病具有较好的防治效果，开发应用前景广阔。 相似文献
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戊唑醇种子处理剂防治小麦纹枯病应用技术研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了戊唑醇不同剂型及用量作麦种处理对纹枯病防效和小麦出苗的影响.结果表明,戊唑醇对小麦出苗安全;对纹枯病防治效果好、持效期长且控制枯白穗效果突出.2%戊唑醇湿拌剂10～20 g和6%戊唑醇悬浮剂3.3～10 ml处理10 kg种子,冬前病株率防效68.1%～81.0%;拔节期防病效果显著高于对照药剂纹霉净;2种剂型以0.3～0.4 g有效成份拌10 kg种子,枯白穗防效高达83.7%～93.0%,相对于对照药剂纹霉净的枯白穗防效达53.3%～80.0%. 相似文献
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An integrated pest management program for managing fusarium head blight disease in cereals 
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下载免费PDF全文 Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a worldwide devastating disease of small grain cereals and Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) is the major pathogen causing the disease. The epidemics of FHB lead to the reduction of grain yield and economic losses. Additionally, mycotoxins produced by the FHB pathogens are hazardous to the health of human and livestock. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology of FHB, and introduce effects of this disease on economy, environment and food safety. We focus on the integrated management approaches for controlling FHB including agronomic practices, resistant cultivars, chemical control, and biocontrol. In addition, we also discuss the potential novel management strategies against FHB and mycotoxin. 相似文献