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1.
安康地区泥鳅胚胎发育的观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]了解安康地区泥鳅的胚胎发育全过程.[方法]用DOM和LHRH-A2对泥鳅进行催产,将所产卵子进行人工授精后所获的胚胎24～26℃、pH值7.0～7.5的淡水中培养,进行泥鳅的胚胎发育观察,详细描述从受精卵到初孵仔鱼期的27个具体发育时期的形态特征和发育时间.[结果]泥鳅胚胎发育可划分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期和器官形成期.在24～26℃、pH值7.0～7.5的淡水中,尼鳅胚肥从受精到孵化出膜历时30 h 45 min.[结论]为泥鳅的人工繁殖和遗传育种研究提供了重要的参考.
Abstract：
[Objective] Aim to know the whole process of embryonic development of loach.[Method]DOM + LHRH-A2 was used to induce spawning of loach,then after fertilization,the embryos were cultured into freshwater water with temperature from 24 to 26 ℃ and pH from 7.0 to 7.5.The embryonic development of loach was observed and 27 concrete morphological characteristics and development time of loach from fertilized egg to newly hatched larval period were described in detail. [Result] The embryonic development of loach could be divided into cleavage stage,blastocyst stage,gastrula stage,neurula stage and organogenesis stage.The loach embryo from fertilized egg to out membrane period was 30 h 45 min in fresh water from 24 to 26 ℃ and pH from 7.0 to 7.5. [Conclusion] it provided important reference for studying artificial propagation and genetic breeding of loach. 相似文献
2.
ZHAO Fang-ming LIU Gui-fu ZHU Hai-tao DING Xiao-hua ZENG Rui-zhen ZHANG Ze-min LI Wen-tao ZHANG Gui-quan 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2008,7(3):257-265
Tiller is one of the most important agronomic traits which influences quantity and quality of effective panicles and finally influences yield in rice. It is important to understand ＂static＂ and ＂dynamic＂ information of the QTLs for tillers in rice. This work was the first time to simultaneously map unconditional and conditional QTLs for tiller numbers at various stages by using single segment substitution lines in rice. Fourteen QTLs for tiller number, distributing on the corresponding substitution segments of chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 were detected. Both the number and the effect of the QTLs for tiller number were various at different stages, from 6 to 9 in the number and from 1.49 to 3.49 in the effect, respectively. Tiller number QTLs expressed in a time order, mainly detected at three stages of 0-7 d, 14-21 d and 35-42 d after transplanting with 6 positive, 9 random and 6 negative expressing QTLs, respectively. Each of the QTLs expressed one time at least during the whole duration of rice. The tiller number at a specific stage was determined by sum of QTL effects estimated by the unconditional method, while the increasing or decreasing number in a given time interval was controlled by the total of QTL effects estimated by the conditional method. These results demonstrated that it is highly effective and accurate for mapping of the QTLs by using single segment substitution lines and the conditional analysis methodology. 相似文献
3.
This paper describes the embryonic development of the common cutworm Spodoptera litura （Fabricius） （Lepidoptera： Noctuidae） which is divided into eight embryonic stages, through variations in the egg＇s contents. Experiments were conducted on the eggs ofS. litura under laboratory conditions. The highest concentration of the protein （min.-max.： 32-! 40 lag/egg） and the lowest of the carbohydrate （min.-max.： 3.0-44.0 lag/egg） were obtained; similarly, the DNA content was smaller （min.-max.： 1.0-38.2 lag/egg） than the RNA （min.-max.： 9.2-360.0 lag/egg） throughout the embryogenesis. Three peaks of ecdysteroid titre were observed which were responsible for appearance of particular events during embryogenesis. The last highest peak of 400_＋33.4 lag/egg was appeared at 84 h after oviposition when larva was ready to hatch. Therefore, it is concluded that eight embryonic stages in S. litura were characterized by fluctuation in the egg＇s contents, which were responsible for gradual-progressive embryonic development. The egg-larval development did not show a normal distribution of embryonic developmental-time. 相似文献
4.
《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2008,(4)
[Objective] The aim of this study was to prepare the recombination protein of rubber elongation factor and its polyclonal antibodies.[Method] The encoding gene of rubber elongation factor(REF)was amplified by RT-PCR,and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pDEST17 to transform into Escherichia coil BI2I-AI.The recombinant protein induced by L-Arabinose was purified by the affinity chromatography.As the immunogen,the recombination protein was used to immunize mice for preparing polyclonal antibodies,while ELISA and Western blot hybridization were used to detect the titers and specificity.[Result] The purified recombination protein of REF with high expression was used to immunize house mice for preparing polyclonal antibodies with high titer and specificity.The western blot hybridization showed that the antibody could recognize the natural REF from latex.[Conclusion] The recombination protein of REF was successfully obtained and the mouse anti REF antibody with high titer and specificity was prepared,which lays a basis for further studies on biological functions of rubber elongation factor and other membrane proteins in rubber particles. 相似文献
5.
Heavy metals have been found to be endocrine disruptors in invertebrates.Lead is one of the most widespread elements of contamination,but there has been no research about the effects of lead stress on vitellogenin(Vg) gene expression in insects exposed to lead over multiple generations.In this paper,the effects of different concentrations of lead(0,0.3,4.8 and 76.8 mg kg~(–1)) on the expression of Vg in the beet armyworm over five successive generations were studied.The results showed that lead stress had significant effects on Vg expression in a dose-dependent manner.For females at the larval and adult stages,as lead concentration increased,Vg expression was significantly inhibited; for males at these two developmental stages,Vg expression was induced and increased as lead concentration increased.In addition,with the increase over stressed generations,inhibited effects for females and induced effects for males at the larval and adult stages became increasingly more obvious.However,at the pupal stage,Vg expression in the two genders was different from that at the larval and adult stages.The results indicate that lead stress can upregulate Vg expression in males which should be a useful indicator for environmental risk assessment. 相似文献
6.
WANG Ming-zhi TIAN Wen-ru TIAN Zhong-jie QU Ping-ping GAO Shan-song ZHANG Zhi-hong ZHANG Qi-yao HOU Chun-xia LI Hui-hui 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2009,8(2):223-230
The method of RNAi was used to inhibit the expression of induced heat shock protein 70 （Hsp72） in the 4-cell stage mouse embryos and the embryo development competence was analyzed to identify the functions of Hsp72 on embryonic heat resistance. The results indicated that the inhibition rates of siRNA1 for Hsp72 mRNA and Hsp72 protein were 87.1 and 78.5%, respectively. The blastocysts development rates were 41, 86, and 84% for the siRNA1 group, the LipofectamineTM 2 000 exposed group, and the 37℃ group, respectively, and the hatched blastocysts development rates for the above three groups were 35, 72, and 68%, respectively. The data suggest that the siRNAI has a significant inhibiting effect on Hsp72 gene, and Hsp72 gene silence reduces the blastocysts development rate and hatched blastocysts rate after heat shock during the development of mouse preimplantation embryos. 相似文献
7.
The endogenous polyamine levels were tested at every developmental stage in different ecotypes of the Chinese cabbage. The results showed that polyamincs (PAs) were decreased in the process of flower bud initiation and fornfation, but the floral stem formation and elongation were accompied by PAs increase. The level of Spm was related to the bolting date of Chinese cabbage. During the inducing of flower bud initiation and elongation of floral stem, and the changes of Spm were reversed between early bolting date and late bolting cultivars, but they have the same requirment for Spd for the starting of flower bud initiation and the starting of bolting. The level of Spd changed little during entire developmental stage for early bolting cultivars, but a lot for late bolting cultivars. The time that the highest level of Put appeared is related to the bolting date of Chinese cabbage. 相似文献
8.
In an attempt to propagate and conserve the rare, showy bulbous plants of Iris bismarckiana, newly recorded to the flora of Jordan and to contribute to the conservation the wild lris species in Jordan, a simple rapid, time consuming protocol has been developed using plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis. Somatic embryogenesis was induced in zygotic embryo culture on Murashige and Skoog （MS） medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid （8 mg/L） as the sole plant growth regulator, where both embryogenesis calli and somatic embryos were induced. Separation of embryos from embryo clusters was necessary to enhance the frequency of germination. Germination was stimulated by separation of embryos successfully from embryo clusters and transferred onto fresh MS medium. Data obtained were analyzed as a complete random design with three replications. Calli fragments that were transferred to embryogenesis induction medium （EIM） produced white embryo-like globular structures within two weeks. Within three more weeks, clusters of structures at various stages of development could be found on the same callus. The applied technique is rewarding and encouraging for further research on the endangered wild species of Iris in Jordan. 相似文献
9.
SU Shun-zhong WU Ling LIU Dan LU Yan-li LIN Hai-jian ZHANG Shu-zhi SHEN Ya-ou LIU Hai-lan ZHANG Zhi-ming RONG Ting-zhao ZHANG Xiao TIAN Yue-hui NIE Zhi GAO Shi- in 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2014,(6):1216-1229
Phosphorus （P） is one of the three primary macronutrients that are required in large amounts for plant growth and development. To better understand molecular mechanism of maize and identify relevant genes in response to phosphorus deficiency, we used Solexa/Illumina＇s digital gene expression （DGE） technology to investigate six genome-wide expression profiles of seedling roots of the low-P tolerant maize inbred line 178. DGE studies were conducted at 6, 24 and 72 h under both phosphorus deficient and sufficient conditions. Approximately 3.93 million raw reads for each sample were sequenced and 6 816 genes exhibited significant levels of differential expressions in at least one of three time points in response to P starvation. The number of genes with increased expression increased over time from 6 to 24 h, whereas genes with decreased expression were more abundant at 72 h, suggesting a gradual response process for P deficiency at different stages. Gene annotations illustrated that most of differentially expressed genes （DEGs） are involved in different cellular and molecular processes such as environmental adaptation and carbohydrate metabolism. The expression of some known genes identified in other plants, such as those involved in root architecture, P metabolism and transport were found to be altered at least two folds, indicating that the mechanisms of molecular and morphological adaptation to P starvation are conserved in plants. This study provides insight into the general molecular mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to low-P stress and thus may facilitate molecular breeding for improving P utilization in maize. 相似文献
10.
WANG Hai-hong ;Smart R Reitz ;WANG Li-xia ;WANG Shuai-yu ;LI Xue ;LEI Zhong-ren 《农业科学学报》2014,13(10):2196-2210
The westem flower thrips, Frankliniella occidental＆ （Pergande） is a highly invasive pest that is able to exploit many crops across a wide range of environmental conditions. Five full-length cDNAs of heat shock protein （HSP） genes （Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, Fo-HSP60, Fo-HSP40 and Fo-HSP28.9） were cloned from F. occidentalis, and their expression profiles were investigated under conditions of thermal stress and insecticide exposure, and at different stages during development, using real-time quantitative PCR. All five gene sequences showed high similarity to homologs in other species, indicating the conserved fimction of this gene family. HSP60 represents an informative phylogenetic marker at the ordinal taxonomic level within Insecta, but HSP90, which has two homologous copies in Hymenoptera, was not informative. The expression of Fo-HSPs under thermal stress suggests that Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, and Fo-HSP28.9 are inducible by both cold and heat stress, Fo-HSP40 is only heat-inducible, and Fo-HSP60 is thermally insensitive. There were two patterns of cold induction of Fo-HSPs： one is from 0 to 4℃ and the other is around -8℃. All five Fo-HSPs genes were induced by exposure to sublethal concentrations of the insecticide avermectin. The expression of the five Fo-HSPs during different developmental stages suggests that they all play a role in development of F. occidentalis. 相似文献
11.
[目的]为洞庭黄鲶(Silnrus asotus)的苗种培育提供技术依据。[方法]以催产药物对其进行人工催产、受精,获得圆球形、绿色的受精卵。根据发育过程取材,在显微镜下进行连续观察,并对发育各时期形态特征进行详细记录。[结果]洞庭黄鲶的胚胎发育过程可分为胚盘期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、器官形成期和出膜期7个阶段。在22.0~24.0℃水温条件下,经过37 h20 min孵化出苗。[结论]洞庭黄鲶与大多数鲶类胚胎发育时序基本相同,在20.0~25.0℃水温范围内孵化时间短于鲶形目其他鱼类。 相似文献
12.
[目的]观察研究滇池金线鲃的胚胎发育情况,为其人工繁殖、种质资源保护及开发利用提供科学依据.[方法]采用Olympus SZ61体视解剖镜观察人工催产受精的滇池金线鲃受精卵,记录其胚胎发育过程.[结果]在水温14.7～15.2℃的条件下,滇池金线鲃从受精卵至全部出膜需要200.6 h,有效积温达2977.9℃.滇池金线鲃的胚胎发育可划分为7个阶段及23个发育时期,其7个阶段分别为受精卵、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、器官发生期及出膜期.初孵仔鱼全长约7.6 mm,卵黄囊较大且呈长椭圆形,喜伏于池底或寻找缝隙躲藏.[结论]在滇池金线鲃人工繁殖生产中,应对原肠中期的受精卵进行消毒,人工剔除死亡的受精卵,同时适当提高水温,加快胚胎发育速度,缩短孵化时间,降低水霉感染风险,提高滇池金线鲃孵化率. 相似文献
13.
[目的]了解盘丽鱼的胚胎发育过程。[方法]对盘丽鱼胚胎发育过程进行观察,研究其胚胎发育的形态特征和发育特点。[结果]盘丽鱼的成熟卵子为粘性,呈椭球形,其纵轴和横轴分别为1.02~1.14 mm和0.75~0.79 mm。盘丽鱼的胚胎发育过程包括卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚形成期、器官形成期和孵化出膜期6个时期。在水温(30±1)℃的条件下,整个胚胎发育过程约需50 h。受精卵约50 min后进入卵裂期,3 h后进入囊胚期,9.50 h后进入原肠胚期,20 h后胚孔封闭,50 h后出膜。刚出膜的仔鱼全长为4.29 mm。盘丽鱼卵裂前期和原肠胚期发育较快,而器官形成期发育相对较慢。盘丽鱼孵化总积温为(1 500±50)℃.h。[结论]盘丽鱼与尼罗罗非鱼胚胎发育过程相似,说明它们具有较近的亲缘关系。 相似文献
14.
为掌握舌鰕虎鱼Glossogobius giuris的人工繁殖技术及其胚胎发育特点,进行了舌鰕虎鱼人工繁殖试验和胚胎发育观察,研究了舌鰕虎鱼亲鱼强化培育、人工催产、产卵受精和胚胎发育过程,并描述了胚胎各发育时期的时序和形态特征。结果表明:性腺成熟的舌鰕虎鱼亲鱼经两次激素注射催熟催产,催产率为60%~80%,受精率为73.4%~81.2%,孵化率为63.8%~77.2%;舌鰕虎鱼受精卵为纺锤形,呈黏性且半透明;胚胎发育分为胚盘形成期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、器官形成期和出膜期7个阶段,以及26个发育时期;在25~27℃条件下需要108 h完成孵化过程,初孵仔鱼体长为2.5~3.5 mm,全长为2.7~3.8 mm,肌节为26~28对,心跳为50~55次/min。本研究结果可为舌鰕虎鱼资源的保护和人工繁殖提供理论指导。 相似文献
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[目的]为池蝶蚌的人工繁殖、新品种培育及种质资源保护等提供理论依据。[方法]采用显微技术研究了洞庭湖区引种条件下池蝶蚌的胚胎发育和钩介幼虫结构。[结果]在16～24℃的水温下,胚胎发育历时约11d,胚胎发育的最适水温为22～25℃;池蝶蚌卵为均黄卵,受精卵在雌蚌内、外鳃腔中进行胚胎发育,胚胎发育同步;胚胎发育过程包括受精卵、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、膜内钩介幼虫期和钩介幼虫期;卵裂为螺旋不等完全卵裂。[结论]通过池蝶蚌外鳃的特征可初步判断胚胎发育的时期。 相似文献
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[目的]解决长吻鮠养殖过程中受精率、孵化率、鱼苗成活率较低的问题。[方法]探讨了盐度和pH对长吻鮠胚胎发育的速度、器官分化、畸形率、死亡率的影响。[结果]盐度越高,长吻鮠胚胎的孵化率和存活率越低,发育速度越慢。原肠胚期和神经胚期是对盐度最敏感的时期。胚胎发育的最适盐度在6‰以下,最高临界盐度为11‰。氢离子浓度对胚胎的存活率和孵化率有明显的影响,但与胚胎发育速度关系不大。胚胎发育的适宜pH是7,最高临界pH为9,最低临界pH是5。[结论]该研究可为长吻鮠的进一步开发与利用提供依据。 相似文献
19.
梭鲈胚胎及仔鱼发育观察 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
经人工催产、人工授精获得受精卵,对梭鲈(Lucioperca lucioperca)(Linnaeus)的胚胎发育及仔鱼发育过程和各发育时期外部形态特征进行了系统观察。结果表明,梭鲈受精卵为圆球型,呈淡黄色;吸水前平均卵径为0.96 mm,吸水后平均卵径为1.20 mm。梭鲈胚胎发育过程可分为24期,在水温16.0～17.2℃范围内,受精75 min开始第1次卵裂,受精后43 h开始形成器官,受精后约94 h开始出膜;刚出膜的仔鱼全长平均为3.8 mm;从受精到孵化出膜总积温为1 616.8℃.h。梭鲈的仔鱼发育过程可分为出膜仔鱼、眼黄色素期、眼黑色素期、鳔一室期、卵黄吸尽期5个发育期,在17～18℃水温下历时约159 h。 相似文献
20.
琉金(♀)×龙睛(♂)杂交种(F1)胚胎发育观察(英文) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]对琉金(♀)×龙睛(♂)杂交种(F1)胚胎发育进行观察。[方法]用XTL-2400型解剖镜连续观察琉金(♀)×龙睛(♂)杂交F1胚胎及亲本型胚胎的发育过程,并描述、各发育阶段特征;用OLYMPUSCKX41型显微镜观察其器官发育特征和结构,并用数码照相机拍摄和记录。[结果]在水温25℃时,杂交F1的孵化时间为51.30h,琉金金鱼胚胎的孵化时间为52.40h,龙睛金鱼胚胎的孵化时间为56.30h。[结论]该研究为改良现有龙睛金鱼的形态特征提供了一定的理论和实践依据。 相似文献