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通过对红松、刺楸人工针阔混交林和红松人工纯林生物多样性功能的试验分析,结果表明:针阔混交林能增加蚯蚓的数量,林龄25年时,混交林的蚯蚓数量比人工纯林高48.4%;人工针阔混交林招引各种鸟类达33种,每天食虫量达1 500条,抑制了森林虫害的发生;人工针阔混交林日平均气温0.5m和1.8m处分别比红松纯林低2.4~1.0℃,相对湿度0.5m处比红松纯林提高24%,绝对湿度提高2.3%,1.8m处混交林相对湿度比纯林提高11%,绝对湿度比纯林提高5.2%;混交林比纯林能降低风速0.7~1.2m·s-1。针阔混交林的各项功能指标都优于纯林。 相似文献
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通过对日本落叶松与天然萌生阔叶树人工混交林的调查分析,结果表明:日本落叶松与天然萌芽阔叶树人工混交培育降低了培育成本,提高了生态效益,混交林培育28a后,林分生长稳定,生产力较高;混交林中的植物种类丰富,数量较多,各层次的物种多样性指数均好于人工营造的日本落叶松与白桦针阔混交林和日本落叶松纯林;日本落叶松与天然萌生阔叶树人工混交林,对恢复森林生态原始林貌有一定促进作用。 相似文献
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通过调查白桦—红松人工针阔混交林,总结出白桦—红松人工针阔混交林造林整地、幼林抚育、抚育间伐等一系列关键技术。 相似文献
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培育优质阔叶材混交林与森林可持续经营 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
分析了人工针叶纯林生产力下降的原因。通过对人工针叶纯林与天然的或人工的针阔、阔叶混交林在物种间相互作用、资源利用、营养元素循环规律和生产力方面的比较分析,探讨了优质阔叶材混交林可持续经营的理论基础。认为培育优质阔叶材混交林是实现森林可持续经营的有效途径。 相似文献
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培育优质阔叶材混交林与森林可持续经营 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
分析了人工针叶纯林生产力下降的原因。通过对人工针叶纯林与天然的或人工的针阔、阔叶混交林在物种间相互作用、资源利用、营养元素循环规律和生产力方面的比较分析,探讨了优质阔叶材混交林可持续经营的理论基础。认为培育优质阔叶材混交林是实现森林可持续经营的有效途径。 相似文献
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因地制宜发展多树种造林 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
概述了尤溪国有林场发展多树种造林的基本概况,介绍了人工促进天然更新、人工营造针阔混交林、利用天然播种发展针阔混交林以及林冠下营造阔叶树等发展多树种造林的方法。 相似文献
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对宽甸地区几种主要林分类型枯落物及其土壤蓄水功能进行了研究,结果表明:各类型林分枯落物现存量依次为人工纯林针阔混交林,枯落物持水率为针阔混交林人工纯林;林分的土壤渗透能力和蓄水能力均为混交林人工纯林。 相似文献
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Zhuowen Zhang Yusheng Chen Zhiyong Zhang Hongxia Cui Yunfei Lei Dongyun Wang Juanjuan Sui 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2006,1(4):413-418
We surveyed the forest litter amount at the Lianxiahe watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and analyzed some hydrological
characteristics such as the maximum water-holding capacity and water absorption rate of litter in six types of forests, i.e.
the Cupressus funebris forest, the coniferous mixed forest, the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, the broad-leaved forest, the Pinus massoniana forest, the bush forest. Results showed that the litter amount follows the order of the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed
forest > the pure C. funebris forest, the P. massoniana forest > the coniferous mixed forest > the broad-leaved forest > the bush forest. The maximal water holding capacity of the
undecomposed litter is in the order of the C. funebris forest > the coniferous mixed forest > the bush forest > the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest > the broad-leaved
forest > the P. massoniana forest. The maximal water-holding capacity of the half-decomposed litter is the P. massoniana forest > the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest > the C. funebris forest > the coniferous mixed forest > the broad-leaved forest > the bush forest. In this watershed, the water holding capacity
of the litter in the C. funebris forest is the highest, followed by the coniferous mixed forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, P. massoniana forest, broad-leaved forest and bush forest. When the soil is covered only by litter, both the maximal rainfall amount and
intensity in different forest stands are different if there is no water infiltration and runoff from the ground surface.
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Translated from Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University, 2005, 27(2): 207–212 [译自: 华中农业大学学报, 2005, 24(2): 207–212] 相似文献
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本文选择川西亚高山针叶纯林和针阔混交林作为研究对象,并于2007年7月~12月采用收集框法研究了森林凋落物量以及N、P、K养分归还量。结果表明,混交林凋落量(2 090.47 kg·hm-2)比针叶林凋落量(1 189.59kg.hm-2)高出43%,林分凋落动态和归还动态呈单峰型,其高峰都出现在10月份。混交林中阔叶对凋落量的贡献达69%。同时,阔叶的养分归还量大于针叶的养分归还量。混交林和针叶林养分归还量都表现为N﹥K﹥P,针阔混交林凋落物养分归还量大于针叶林。在川西亚高山地区针阔混交林比针叶纯林具有更强的自肥能力。 相似文献
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利用莲都区2004年界定的3.5万hm2重点公益林于2001年和2011年的规划调查和监测复查数据进行对比分析,结果表明,针叶林面积以每年2.5%速度向其它森林类型转变,面积比重由77%调整到58%;单位面积蓄积量年均净增率针叶林6.1%阔叶林3.5%针阔混交林2.4%;郁闭度≥0.5的林分面积由67.3%提高到92.6%,成过熟林的面积由9.1%提高到30.9%,提高幅度针叶林针阔混交林阔叶林。基于分析出的动态变化特征,为公益林下步按森林类型分类建设与管理提供科学依据。 相似文献
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安徽省中南部几种主要森林类型水文特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对安徽省中南部主要森林类型林下枯落物蓄积量、持水量、吸水速率等的研究,结果表明:①针叶林中杉木(CK)枯落物的厚度最大,达到95mm,针阔混交林的蓄积量最大,为21.94t/hm2,马尾松枯落物的厚度较低,苦槠蓄积量最低。②马尾松×枫香的最大持水量为12.62t/hm2,其他林分的最大持水量均在10t/hm2以下,其中苦槠最低,为2.04t/hm2。③针阔混交林的有效拦蓄能力明显高于阔叶林和针叶林,有效拦蓄量最高的是马尾松×枫香,为17.69t/hm2.苦槠的有效拦蓄量最低,仅为2.47t/hmz。两种不同杉木林分有效拦蓄量均达到10t/hm2左右。可见针阔混交林的水文生态效益优于阔叶纯林和针叶纯林。 相似文献
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塞罕坝地区针阔混交林空间结构特征研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探究塞罕坝地区针阔混交林空间结构,利用针阔混交林径级分布与空间结构相关指数对林分进行分析,结果表明:针阔混交林中阔叶树种生长速度要比针叶快,而且占优势,白桦、山杨径级比例分布趋势接近正态分布;华北落叶松、山杨,属于随机分布,分布的比较均匀,白桦、五角枫与蒙古栎分布不均匀,处于聚集分布的状态;华北落叶松、白桦与山杨处于优势地位,五角枫与蒙古栎大部分都是处于劣势地位,生长空间很小;华北落叶松、白桦、山杨混交程度不高,处于中度混交状态,五角枫与蒙古栎数量少,并且分布的较散,因此多为强度混交。 相似文献
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研究根据广东和广西(两广)地区森林类型分布图、主要森林类型的年土壤呼吸数据库以及中国日值格点气温、降水数据,建立线性模型预测两广地区主要森林类型的年土壤呼吸速率和年土壤呼吸通量。结果表明,两广地区主要森林类型年土壤呼吸速率为常绿阔叶林864.18 gC/m~2/yr>其他森林811.03 gC/m~2/yr>针叶林791.43 gC/m~2/yr>灌木林780.18 gC/m~2/yr>落叶阔叶林758.80 gC/m~2/yr>竹林731.49 gC/m~2/yr>针阔混交林684.91 gC/m~2/yr。两广地区森林年土壤呼吸通量为204.41 TgC/yr,其中常绿阔叶林最大,为77.41 TgC/yr,针叶林次之,为56.81 TgC/yr,具体为常绿阔叶林>针叶林>灌木林>落叶阔叶林>针阔混交林>竹林>其他森林,顺序与各种森林类型面积大小一致。各森林类型的土壤呼吸通量主要与森林面积有关,森林面积越大土壤呼吸通量越大。 相似文献
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【目的】利用星载激光雷达波形数据对森林类型识别时,受地形、噪声和林层结构等因素影响,针叶林、阔叶林和混交林森林类型识别精度较低,为提高森林类型识别精度,需提取与森林类型相关的波形特征参数。【方法】结合回波仿真原理与林分冠层特征对GLAS回波波形进行理论分析,提出了与森林类型相关的波形特征参数Rcafit1-47、K1-47,并与其他森林类型相关的波形特征参数进行联合,建立多种波形特征参数组合,用于森林类型识别。【结果】1)针叶林和阔叶林森林类型识别时,波形特征参数组合Rcafit1-47、K1-47森林类型总体识别精度为92.86%,优于另外两种波形特征参数组合AGS、MSGS和AGS、SGS森林类型总体识别精度;2)针叶林、阔叶林和混交林森林类型识别时,波形特征参数组合Rcafit1-47、K1-47森林类型总体识别精度为77.03%,低于另外两种波形特征参数组合AGS、MSGS和AGS、SGS森林类型总体识别精度;3)波形特征参数Rcafit1-47、K1-47与其他波形特征参数组合后能够提高森林类型识别精度,其中,Rcafit1-47、K1-47、AGS、MSGS参数组合森林类型识别精度最高,针叶林和阔叶林森林类型识别精度为94.64%,针叶林、阔叶林和混交林林分类型识别精度为89.19%。【结论】提出的波形特征参数Rcafit1-47和K1-47在针叶林和阔叶林森林类型识别方面具有明显优势,而且与其他波形特征参数组合后能够明显提高针叶林、阔叶林和混交林3种森林类型的识别精度。 相似文献
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By using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique, this paper studied the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation
of Lithocarpus harlandii populations in three forest communities (coniferous forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, and evergreen broad-leaved
forest) with different succession stages in Tiantai Mountain in Zhejiang Province. The results showed that a total of 173
repetitive loci were produced in 60 individuals of L. harlandii by 12 random primers, among which, 152 loci were polymorphic, and the total percentage of polymorphic loci was 87.86%. The
average percentage of polymorphic loci of the populations was 65.32%, and their total genetic diversity estimated by Shannon
information index was 0.4529, with an average of 0.3458, while that judged from Nei’s index was 0.3004, with an average of
0.2320. The percentage of polymorphic loci, Shannon information index, and Nei’s index of the populations were in the sequence
of coniferous forest community > coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest community > evergreen broad-leaved forest community.
Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 72.85% of genetic variance was found within the populations, and 27.15%
of genetic variance resided among the populations. The coefficient of gene diferentiation was 0.2277, and the gene flow was
1.6949. The genetic structure of L. harlandii was influenced not only by the biological characteristics of this species, but also by the microenvironment of different
communities. The mean of genetic identity among three populations of L. harlandii was 0.8662, and the mean of their genetic distance was 0.1442. The genetic similarity between coniferous and broad-leaved
mixed forest community and evergreen broad-leaved forest community was the highest, while that between evergreen broad-leaved
forest community and coniferous forest community was the lowest. The unweighted pair group method with arithmeticmean (UPGMA)
cluster analysis based on Nei’s genetic distance showed that conierous and broad-leaved mixed forest community first gathered
with evergreen broad-leaved forest community, and then with coniferous forest community.
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Translated from Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2007, 26(4): 509–514 [译自: 生态学杂志] 相似文献