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1.
《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(10)
以异形玉叶金花幼嫩茎段为外植体,研究不同组合的激素组合及外源物对异形玉叶金花愈伤组织诱导及分化的影响。结果表明:诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基组合为MS+6-BA 0.2 mg/L+2,4-D 1.5 mg/L;愈伤组织分化的最佳培养基组合为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+5 g/L椰乳,诱导生根的最佳培养基组合为1/4 MS+0.5mg/L NAA+0.2 mg/L IBA。 相似文献
2.
为建立黑果枸杞高频再生体系及进行细胞突变体筛选、遗传转化奠定基础,以黑果枸杞叶片、茎段和腋芽为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,附加不同浓度的植物生长调节剂进行愈伤组织的诱导、增殖及不定芽分化研究。结果表明:诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS+2,4-D 2.0mg/L+6-BA 0.5mg/L;在愈伤组织的继代培养过程中,高浓度的2,4-D有利于愈伤组织的诱导,但对愈伤组织的生长有一定的抑制作用,最佳培养基为MS+2,4-D 1.0mg/L+6-BA 0.5mg/L;在愈伤组织的再分化过程中,6-BA对再生芽的分化效果最好,出芽率高,且多诱导出丛芽,最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.10mg/L。试验表明:黑果枸杞叶片、茎段和腋芽均可诱导愈伤组织,茎段诱导率最高;筛选出了茎段愈伤组织诱导、增殖及再生芽分化的适宜培养基,为其细胞工程育种及规模化生产提供支撑。 相似文献
3.
以叶片、叶柄或叶茎为外植体,在培养基MS+6-BA 1～2mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+2,4-D 0.1～0.2mg/L上均可诱导愈伤组织的产生,其中以MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L+2,4-D 0.1mg/L效果最好,诱导率可达87%以上;其最佳的分化培养基MS+6-BA 1.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L上,分化率可以达到90%以上,大哥大红掌最佳的增殖培养MS+6-BA 2mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L,培养30d芽的增殖系数达到3.45,降低6-BA浓度或提高NAA浓度有利于培养壮苗;1/2MS+NAA 0.1mg/L+1g/L活性炭的培养基诱导植株生根效果最好,生根率86%,平均每株苗生根3条;生根试管苗移栽于泥炭土:珍珠岩=5∶1的基质,成活率约86%。 相似文献
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5.
《林业实用技术》2021,(10)
以刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.)成熟种子为材料获得无菌苗,以MS或1/2MS为基本培养基附加不同浓度的植物激素,分别用无菌苗的叶片、茎段和上胚轴进行愈伤组织诱导、分化,芽增殖及不定根诱导。结果表明,诱导愈伤组织的最佳外植体为茎段和上胚轴,其最佳配方均为MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L;茎段产生的愈伤组织分化效果最佳,其最佳配方为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IBA(0.1～0.2)mg/L;芽增殖的最佳配方为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IBA 0.2mg/L,增殖系数高达15.4;生根的最佳配方为1/2MS+IAA(0.5～1.0)mg/L,生根率达100%。移栽后植株生长良好,成活率达97%。 相似文献
6.
《林业实用技术》2017,(10)
以短柄五加(Acanthopanax brachypus Harms)当年生嫩枝为材料,选择叶片、叶柄为外植体,使用6-BA、NAA、IBA、2,4-D等激素,配制成不同质量浓度的培养基,进行短柄五加愈伤组织诱导,同时分析愈伤组织诱导丛生芽和丛生芽增殖培养基的最佳配方,建立短柄五加植株的再生体系。结果表明,短柄五加叶片是较适宜诱导愈伤组织的外植体,愈伤组织诱导的培养基是MS+0.3mg/L 6-BA+0.5mg/L NAA,诱导率为75.0%;愈伤组织诱导不定芽形成的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L,不定芽诱导率为100%;适宜不定芽增殖的培养基为MS+6-BA3.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L,增殖系数为5.80;同时活性炭能够有效防止愈伤组织诱导过程中的褐化问题。 相似文献
7.
采用正交设计,首次建立了丹红杨离体培养技术体系.结果表明:丹红杨叶片最佳胚性愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+2,4-D0.20 mg/L+6-BA1.00 mg/L,诱导率为57.50%;叶柄、无芽茎段最佳胚性愈伤组织培养基诱导为MS+6-BA0.30～0.80 mg/L+ZT0.30～0.80 mg/L+NAA0.02～0.05 mg/L,诱导率为82.26%;根最佳胚性愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+6-BA1.00 mg/L+KT0.50～1.00 mg/L+NAA0.50～1.00 mg/L.胚性愈伤组织增殖最佳培养基为MS+BR0.10 mg/L+NAA 0.10 mg/L.胚性愈伤组织分化不定芽最佳培养基为WPM+6-BA0.20 mg/L+TDZ0.001～0.003 mg/L+KT0.50 mg/L+NAA0.05～0.10 mg/L. 相似文献
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9.
邓恩桉种子组织培养的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
宋建英 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,28(6)
以邓恩桉种子为外植体,探讨用最少种子快速繁殖最多幼苗的方法,结果表明:MS培养基是较适合邓恩桉种子萌芽和生长的基本培养基;诱导种子直接脱分化成愈伤组织的较佳培养基配方为MS KT1.0 mg/L 2,4-D2.0 mg/L 半胱氨酸30 mg/L;以邓恩桉实生苗的芽来繁芽的较理想培养基配方为H BA2.0 mg/L IAA0.2 mg/L;邓恩桉实生苗的根诱导愈伤组织的较佳培养基配方为MS 6-BA2.0 mg/L NAA0.2 mg/L;诱导邓恩桉下胚轴分化芽较佳培养基配方为B5 6-BA2.0 mg/L 2,4-D0.2 mg/L;诱导邓恩桉下胚轴脱分化为胚性愈伤组织的较佳培养基配方为B5 Ad2.0 mg/L IAA0.2 mg/L. 相似文献
10.
为建立蓖麻的离体培养体系,以其无菌发芽的种子苗为材料,切取其根、茎、叶及顶芽为外植体,探讨不同诱导途径中不同生长调节剂对愈伤组织诱导、愈伤组织分化、不定芽诱导及腋芽增殖的影响。结果表明:(1)去种皮后消毒种子的萌发率最高,萌发所需时间最短,染菌率也低;筛选出种子萌发适宜培养基为MS 0;(2)器官发生型诱导途径中,诱导愈伤组织最适的培养基为MS+2,4-D 2 mg/L+6-BA 1 mg/L,其中以茎为外植体诱导率最高,可达90%,但愈伤组织的分化较困难;(3)器官型诱导途径中,叶基、叶脉处能直接诱导不定芽,最适培养基为MS+6-BA 2 mg/L+2,4-D 1 mg/L;(4)顶芽诱导腋芽增殖的效果最佳(51个芽/外植体),最适培养基为MS+6-BA 2 mg/L+TDZ 1 mg/L;(5)生根最适培养基为位1/2 MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L+IAA 0.5 mg/L。 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and
also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the
amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter
bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K
was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed
significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed
during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly
between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species
provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient
enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
15.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):118-130
The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions. 相似文献
17.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
18.
Astra Zaluma Lauma Bruna Darta Klavina Natalija Burnevica Kristine Kenigsvalde Andis Lazdins Talis Gaitnieks 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered. 相似文献
19.
Steven Maranz Amadou Niang Antoine Kalinganire Djeneba Konaté Bocary Kaya 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(3):231-239
Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional
data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral
contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising
germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g−1, B2 187 mg 100 g−1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal
diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of well-adapted local baobab varieties
to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Cross-species grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations. 相似文献
20.
《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(2):76-84
Abstract Wood in general and wooden studs in particular are often distorted owing to uneven shrinkage during the drying process in the sawmill. Twist is often the most detrimental of all types of distortion, and it is caused by spiral grain in combination with variations in moisture content. For sawmills, the objective is to produce dried, straight boards, and one method of dealing with boards with excessive spiral grain is to sort them out and then dry them in a pretwisted position to obtain straight boards after drying. A model using the finite element (FE) method for the simulation of drying twist distortions was first calibrated against laboratory experiments in which boards were dried with and without restraints and pretwists. After the calibration, the FE results were compared with industrial test results for boards that were dried without restraints or with restraints with zero pretwist, i.e. straight restraints. The FE model used an elastic–ideally plastic material model to obtain permanent deformations. The calibration was to set the yield stresses so that there was a good match between FE results and results from the laboratory experiments. The comparison between the industrial test results and the FE results showed that the FE model is capable of realistic simulations of drying boards with and without restraints and presumably also pretwists. 相似文献