共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
喷施宝浓度对油茶结实和果实品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为确定喷施宝在油茶中应用的适宜浓度,设计了不同浓度喷施宝处理,在‘长林4号’和‘长林40号’品种油茶初花期和果实膨大期进行了叶面喷施,通过测定座果率、裂果率、单株果实产量、干出籽率、干出仁率、种仁含油率以及鲜果含油率等指标,分析和探讨了喷施宝浓度对油茶结实及其品质的影响.结果表明:喷施宝能提高油茶座果率,减少裂果,增加单株鲜果产量,提高果实品质;不同品种对喷施宝处理响应存在差异,‘长林4号’在0.33mg/kg获得的效果最佳,其裂果率比对照低45.4％,座果率、单株果实产量、干出籽率、干出仁率、种仁含油率和鲜果含油率分别比对照高38.9％,21.1％,25.3％,5.1％,2.0％和30.9％;‘长林40号’以1.00 mg/kg获得的效果最佳,其裂果率比对照低63.6％,座果率、单株果实产量、干出籽率、干出仁率和鲜果含油率分别比对照高106.7％,60.3％,17.7％,15.5％和33.8％. 相似文献
2.
《中国林副特产》2017,(2)
采用主成分分析方法,分析了5个赣州油系列无性系的果高、果径、果形指数、果皮厚度、每500g鲜果个数、每500g鲜籽个数、单果重、鲜果出籽率、干出籽率、干籽出仁率、种仁含油率、鲜果含油率、单株产果量、亩产油量、单株产油量、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、不饱和脂肪酸等23个性状指标,依特征值大于1且性状累积方差贡献率达到85%以上,提出了4个反映油茶优良无性系果实主要经济性状的主成分及其主成分函数式。通过计算各品种的重要主成分值,进而选择综合经济性状优良的品种。其结果与品种的实际表型相近似。表明用主成分分析法对油茶无性系果实主要经济性状综合评选是可行的,为油茶优良品系的选择提供了理论依据。 相似文献
3.
对广西5个分布点共27株普通油茶实生优树果实进行了5个产量性状(鲜出籽率、干出籽率、干出仁率、种仁含油率、鲜果含油率)和3个品质性状(油酸含量、亚油酸含量、棕榈酸含量)的差异性及相关性研究,结果表明:(1)单株间产量性状的变异系数大小顺序为:鲜果含油率干出籽率鲜出籽率种仁含油率干出仁率,但分布点间鲜果含油率差异不显著,其它3个产量性状差异极显著;(2)单株间品质性状的变异系数大小顺序为:亚油酸棕榈酸油酸,但分布点间亚油酸和棕榈酸含量差异不显著,而油酸含量差异显著;(3)5个产量性状相互间均有一定程度的相关。除鲜出籽率与鲜果含油率、干出籽率与干出仁率之间相关不显著外,其它两两间均呈显著或极显著相关;(4)产量性状与品质性状间存在一定规律的相关性。鲜出籽率和干出籽率均与油酸含量呈负相关,与亚油酸和棕榈酸含量呈正相关;干出仁率、种仁含油率和鲜果含油率均与油酸含量呈正相关,与亚油酸和棕榈酸含量呈负相关。 相似文献
4.
施肥和灌溉对油茶主要经济性状的影响 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
油茶结果量、种仁含油率、产油量受环境影响较大，而鲜出籽率、干出仁率受环境影响则较小。施肥结合灌溉能显著地提高油茶产油量，控制油茶大小年结实，促进油茶提早成熟。 相似文献
5.
玉屏油茶良种果实性状的相关性和主成分分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
贵州省玉屏侗族自治县为中国油茶之乡。为了选育可在该县推广应用的油茶优良无性系,对该县油茶良种繁育基地内引进和收集的47个油茶优良无性系的12个果实性状指标分别进行了变异程度、相关性和主成分分析。测定结果表明:该县引进和选择的油茶优良无性系果实各经济性状间均存在明显的差异;油茶干籽含油率介于17.22%~42.64%之间,平均值为34.55%。相关性分析结果表明:鲜果产量与干籽质量之间呈极显著正相关;鲜果含油率与干籽含油率间呈极显著正相关,而与果皮厚度间呈极显著负相关。主成分分析结果表明:可将12个数量性状归纳为4个主成分(即产量因子、果型因子、含油量因子和单果籽粒数因子),其累计贡献率为85.705%;依据各主成分贡献率的大小,可选择果大、单果籽粒数多、含油率高和结实多的无性系作为油茶优良无性系。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
高州油茶优树果实性状评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《福建林业科技》2016,(4)
在广东省揭阳市对10个入选高州油茶优良单株(LW1、LW2、LW3、LW4、LW5、3号、5号、6号、10号、12号)果实主要经济性状指标进行测定与分析。结果表明:各单株间果实性状存在差异,其中鲜籽重变异最大,变异系数32.98%;果形指数变异最小,变异系数为4.60%;LW3的鲜果含油率最高,达4.93%。根据各选优指标的均值和标准差确定其选优标准为鲜果出籽率25.0%以上、干出籽率10.0%以上、出仁率40.0%以上,种仁含油率50.0%以上、鲜果含油率3.0%以上。主成分分析表明,鲜果含油率、干籽含油率、鲜籽含油率、出仁率和干出籽率在果实含油率的贡献率为44.423%。根据制定的高州油茶选优标准和主成分分析法,优良单株LW3、6号、LW2在2种方法中均入选,说明这3株优树可以作为最优良的单株进行繁育与测定。研究结果可为油茶的良种选育提供参考。 相似文献
9.
《经济林研究》2014,(2)
为选育适应广东省种植的高州油茶优良品种,对高州油茶实生后代果实的19个性状的变异规律进行研究。结果表明:高州油茶果实的各个性状在单株间、单果间、样地间均有不同程度的差异。在样地内单株间果实各性状的变异均达到了极显著水平;在样地间有15个果实性状的变异达到显著水平或极显著水平;综合单果间、样地内单株间及总体株间的变异规律,各果实性状根据其变异程度由高到低排列基本遵循如下规律:烘干种仁质量、晒干种仁质量,烘干籽质量、晒干籽质量、鲜籽质量,鲜果含油率、鲜果质量、单果籽粒数、果皮厚度,鲜果出籽率、烘干果出籽率、晒干果出籽率,晒干籽出仁率、烘干籽出仁率,种仁含油率、纵径、横径、果径均值,果形指数。 相似文献
10.
土壤水分对油茶果实主要经济指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《经济林研究》2015,(4)
为了掌握土壤水分对油茶产量与质量的影响情况,从而为油茶的水分管理提供技术支撑,以确保油茶高产稳产,选择‘湘林81’10年生油茶优良无性系为研究对象,设置无干旱胁迫(T1)、轻度干旱胁迫(T2)、中度干旱胁迫(T3)、重度干旱胁迫(T4)和自然状况(T5)这5种土壤水分处理,并在果实成熟时对其种子含水率、果皮含水率、鲜出籽率、鲜籽出干籽率、干出籽率、干籽出仁率、干仁出油率、鲜果含油率、单果质量、单果含油量等主要经济指标进行了测定与分析。结果表明:种子含水率、果皮含水率,T1处理的均最大,T4处理的均最小,其余处理均居中,土壤含水率与种子和果皮含水量均呈正相关;鲜出籽率,T1最大,T5最小,其余处理均居中,这与种子含水率的变化规律相似;鲜籽出干籽率、干籽出仁率、干仁出油率,T4的均最大,T1的均最小,其余处理均居中,这说明土壤干旱胁迫可提高果实中干物质的百分比;干出籽率、鲜果含油率、单果质量、单果含油量,T2的均最大,T4的均最小,其余处理均居中,这说明维持土壤轻度干旱胁迫,有利于提高油茶果实产量及产油量;在观测的10个经济指标中,对土壤水分变化敏感性高的指标有单果质量、单果含油量,敏感性低的指标为种子含水率、果皮含水率,其余指标对土壤水分变化的敏感性居中;油茶果实主要经济指标与土壤水分的关系模型均为三次多项式,以此模型可以预测油茶的产量。 相似文献
11.
12.
The Eastern Black Sea Region has an extensive flora because of ample rainfall lasting all year. In this study, antimicrobial effects of 74 crude extracts of 22 endemic plants were investigated. Among the 30 active crude extracts, water-insoluble crude extracts from Betula medwediewii, Heracleum platytaenium, Primula longipes, Anthemis cretica ssp. argaea and Centaurea helenioides were the prominent ones with their MIC values. 相似文献
13.
Oliveira DF Pereira AC Figueiredo HC Carvalho DA Silva G Nunes AS Alves DS Carvalho HW 《Fitoterapia》2007,78(2):142-145
A screening was conducted with 26 plants collected in the Brazilian southeast region, to identify plant extracts with antibacterial properties against Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Initially, the agar diffusion method was employed. Then, those extracts presenting activity were submitted to a broth microdilution assay to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). It was observed that 13 of the tested extracts showed antibacterial activity. The best results were obtained with those from Lantana lilacina and Phyllanthus tenellus. 相似文献
14.
Growth and physiological response of six Australian rainforest tree species to a light gradient 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
An understanding of growth and photosynthetic potential of subtropical rainforest species to variations in light environment can be useful for determining the sequence of species introductions in rainforest restoration projects and mixed species plantations. We examined the growth and physiology of six Australian subtropical rainforest tree species in a greenhouse consisting of three artificial light environments (10%, 30%, and 60% full sunlight). Morphological responses followed the typical sun-shade dichotomy, with early and late secondary species (Elaeocarpus grandis, Flindersia brayleyana, Flindersia schottiana, and Gmelina leichhardtii) displaying higher relative growth rate (RGR) compared to mature stage species (Cryptocarya erythroxylon and Heritiera trifoliolatum). Growth and photosynthetic performance of most species reached a maximum in 30–60% full sunlight. Physiological responses provided limited evidence of a distinct dichotomy between early and late successional species. E. grandis and F. brayleyana, provided a clear representation of early successional species, with marked increase in Amax in high light and an ability to down regulate photosynthetic machinery in low light conditions. The remaining species (F. schottiana, G. leichhardtii, and H. trifoliolatum) were better represented as falling along a shade-tolerant continuum, with limited ability to adjust physiologically to an increase or decrease in light, maintaining similar Amax across all light environments. Results show that most species belong to a shade-tolerant constituency, with an ability to grow and persist across a wide range of light environments. The species offer a wide range of potential planting scenarios and silvicultural options, with ample potential to achieve rapid canopy closure and rainforest restoration goals. 相似文献
15.
从落叶松梢栖真菌筛选出对落叶松枯梢病病原菌有抑制作用的菌株,对落叶松枯梢病进行生物防治。将自落叶松梢部分离到的11种梢栖真菌与落叶松枯梢病病原菌进行对峙培养,根据被覆盖程度、抑菌率、拮抗系数和防治预试验的结果,综合评价后发现:粪生粪壳、深绿木霉和球毛壳3种梢栖真菌对落叶松枯梢病有良好的拮抗作用。利用这3个菌株在黑龙江省勃利县通天一林场国富沟进行林间防治试验,结果表明:防治效果为粪生粪壳>代森锰锌400倍液>深绿木霉>球毛壳;深绿木霉和粪生粪壳喷洒浓度50%和球毛壳喷洒浓度75%时,真菌多样性最多,梢栖真菌系统较其他浓度更为稳定,与化学防治相比,既达到了防治目的又具有不污染环境的优势。 相似文献
16.
Ungulate herbivory of regenerating conifers in relation to foliar nutrition and terpenoid production 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Owen T. BurneyDouglass F. Jacobs 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,262(9):1834-1845
Ungulate browsing greatly influences regeneration dynamics of some forest ecosystems, yet the relationship between browse susceptibility and foliar chemistry of forest tree seedlings is not well understood. We applied field fertilization (15N-9P-10K controlled-release fertilizer at 0, 20, 40, and 60 g per seedling) and investigated how subsequent changes in terpenoid production and foliar nutrition influence ungulate browse preference for Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla Raf. Sarg.), and western redcedar (Thujaplicata Donn ex D. Don) seedlings across four sites in northwestern Oregon, USA. Fertilization increased foliar N concentration of all three species, but above-ground growth of only Douglas-fir and western hemlock. Foliar monoterpene concentrations for western hemlock and western redcedar also increased at higher fertilization rates, while Douglas-fir monoterpene production was not affected by fertilization. Regardless of monoterpene levels, ungulate browse preference was greater for fertilized western hemlock seedlings. The opposite response, however, was observed for western redcedar at two of the four study sites where the likelihood of browse was greater for non-fertilized than fertilized seedlings. Differences in browse preference among species may depend on the type and amount of individual monoterpenes manufactured in response to fertilization. Western redcedar produce α- and β-thujone, oxygenated monoterpenes known to promote gastroenteritis and possibly inhibit microbial rumen activity, which were absent from Douglas-fir or western hemlock. Higher concentrations of α- and β-thujone associated with increasing fertilizer rate provide a plausible explanation as to why ungulates preferred non-fertilized western redcedar. Our results illustrate species-specific adaptation in browse avoidance and selective ungulate browsing behavior of individual trees as linked to foliar chemistry. 相似文献
17.
Christopher J. Fettig Stephen R. McKelvey Daniel R. Cluck Sheri L. Smith William J. Otrosina 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010
Many forests that historically experienced frequent low-intensity wildfires have undergone extensive alterations during the past century. Prescribed fire is now commonly used to restore these fire-adapted forest ecosystems. In this study, we examined the influence of prescribed burn season on levels of tree mortality attributed to prescribed fire effects (direct mortality) and bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) (indirect mortality) in ponderosa pine, Pinusponderosa Dougl. ex Laws., and Jeffrey pine, Pinusjeffreyi Grev. and Balf., forests in California, USA. A total of 816 trees (9.9% of all trees) died during this 3-yr study. Significantly higher levels of tree mortality (all sources) occurred following early and late season burns compared to the untreated control, but no significant difference was observed between burn treatments. The majority (461 trees) of tree deaths were attributed to direct mortality from prescribed burns and was strongly concentrated (391 trees) in the smallest diameter class (<20.2 cm diameter at breast height, dbh). For the largest trees (>50.7 cm dbh), significantly higher levels of tree mortality occurred on early season burns than the untreated control, most of which resulted from indirect mortality attributed to bark beetle attacks, specifically western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, and mountain pine beetle, D. ponderosae Hopkins. Red turpentine beetle, D. valens LeConte, was the most common bark beetle species found colonizing trees, but tree mortality was not attributed to this species. A total of 355 trees (4.3% of all trees) were killed by bark beetles. Dendroctonus brevicomis (67 trees, 18.9%) and D. ponderosae (56 trees, 15.8%), were found colonizing P. ponderosa; and Jeffrey pine beetle, D. jeffreyi Hopkins, was found colonizing P. jeffreyi (seven trees, 2.0%). We also found pine engraver, Ips pini (Say) (137 trees, 38.6%), and, to a much lesser extent, Orthotomicus (=Ips) latidens (LeConte) (85 trees, 23.9%) and emarginate ips, I. emarginatus (LeConte) (3 trees, 0.8%) colonizing P. ponderosa and P. jeffreyi. Few meaningful differences in levels of indirect tree mortality attributed to bark beetle attack were observed between early and late season burns. The incidence of root and root collar pathogens (Leptographium and Sporothrix spp.), including species known to be vectored by bark beetles, was low (18% of trees sampled). The implications of these and other results to management of P. ponderosa and P. jeffreyi forests are discussed in detail. 相似文献
18.
The extracts from leaves, heartwood, barks and roots of the Streblus asper were investigated for anti-HBV activities, separately. The results suggested that the MeOH extracts of the heartwood, barks, and roots exhibited good anti-HBV activities. Further investigations displayed that ethyl acetate and n-butanol soluble parts of their MeOH extracts showed more significant anti-HBV activities. Moreover, a new lignan, together with 11 known compounds, was isolated from n-butanol-soluble part of MeOH extract of the roots of S. asper. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D NMR ((1)H NMR, (13)C NMR), 2D NMR (HMQC, HMBC) and HR-EI-MS experiments. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their anti-HBV activities. Honokiol showed significant anti-HBV activity with IC(50) values of 3.14μM and 4.74μM for HBsAg and HBeAg with no cytotoxicity respectively, while lamivudine (3TC, positive control) exhibited weak anti-HBV activity with IC(50) values of 11.81μM and 25.80μM for HBsAg and HBeAg respectively. 相似文献
19.
Euphorbia acanthothamnos, E. macroclada and E. rigida were investigated for their antioxidant activity. The antioxidant potential of extracts of E. acanthothamnos, E. macroclada and E. rigida was evaluated using different complementary antioxidant tests. 相似文献
20.
One of the arguments against using prescribed fire to regenerate oak (Quercus spp.) forests is that the improvement in species composition of the hardwood regeneration pool is temporary and multiple burns are necessary to achieve and maintain oak dominance. To explore this concern, I re-inventoried a prescribed fire study conducted in the mid-1990s to determine the longevity of the effects of a single prescribed fire on hardwood regeneration. The initial study was conducted in three oak shelterwood stands in central Virginia, USA. In 1994, each stand was divided into four treatments (spring, summer, and winter burns and a control) and the hardwood regeneration was inventoried before the fires. During the burns, fire intensity was measured and categorized in each regeneration sampling plot. Second-year postfire data showed marked differences in species mortality rates, depending on season-of-burn and fire intensity: oak and hickory (Carya spp.) regeneration dominated areas burned by medium- to high-intensity fire during the spring and summer while yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) and red maple (Acer rubrum) seedlings dominated unburned areas and all areas treated with low-intensity fire regardless of season-of-burn. The treatments were re-inventoried in 2006 and 2007 to determine whether these fire effects were still present. The new data show that the species distributions by season-of-burn and fire intensity found in 1996 still existed 11 years after the treatments. The fact that fire effects in oak shelterwood stands can last at least a decade has important management implications for resource professionals interested in sustaining oak forests in the eastern United States. 相似文献