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植物的生长发育需要细胞周期来完成,静止期的细胞在外界刺激下才能启动分裂,植物激素和可利用性营养作为一种信号,对启动细胞周期及调节细胞周期进程起着重要作用。为研究环境信号与细胞周期调控与植物发育之间的关系,本文以植物细胞周期调控机理为基础,综述了近几年植物激素及营养物质对植物细胞周期的影响及研究进展,阐述了细胞周期调控因子在外界刺激下对植物雌配子体发育的可能影响。 相似文献
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生长素结合蛋白研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
植物细胞信号转导分子机制:植物个体以细胞为单位感受并传递各种环境刺激(如干旱、高盐、养分亏缺等)并做出适当的反应以维持其生存。植物细胞能够识别、感受各种不同的内外源刺激信号,并进而通过一定的分子机制将所识别和感知的信号传递及转化成一定的生理生化效应。因此,深入地探讨细胞及分子水平的信号转导机制是阐明植物整体水平信息传递以及对环境胁迫的适应机制的基础。近10a来,随着植物生理学、细胞生物学、遗传学、发育生物学、分子生物学等的交叉渗透,在细胞及分子水平阐明各种内外源刺激信号调控细胞生理生化活动的分子作用机制(即细胞信号转导机制)的研究已成为植物科学基础理论研究的前沿领域。近年来随着植物分子生物学及生物化学的发展,生长素结合蛋白(ABP)、输出载体基因的克隆及其作用机理、生长素响应基因等方面的研究得到较大的进展使得在分子和细胞水平上研究生长素的作用机理成为可能。下面将就生长素结合蛋白的研究进展作一介绍。 相似文献
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植物抗病过程中的细胞程序性死亡 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
细胞程序性死亡是由某些特定基因调控的,在细胞生长发育或对外界刺激的反应过程中表现出来的一种生物学过程,伴随着细胞形态学及分子生物学等方面的特征.其中,植物过敏性反应是细胞程序性死亡的重要表现形式之一,表现为植物在不亲和病原菌侵染下受侵细胞及邻近细胞的快速死亡,从而导致病原菌生长受抑制,HR过程对于植物抗病性有重要意义.目前,关于抗病过程中的PCD和HR的研究已成为植物病理学的重点和热点之一.本文综述了植物抗病过程中PCD及HR的研究进展,重点对植物HR特征、可能的信号传导因子、检测方法、产生的分子机制等方面进行了分析和总结,并对林木抗病中的PCD研究进行了展望. 相似文献
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基因组序列信息和DNA芯片技术给研究者同时分析大规模的基因表达创造了条件,这一技术对细胞和分子生物学研究有极大的促进作用,可以同时分析数百万基因表达的DNA芯片技术将有利于科学家们对重要生物学过程的研究和探索。本文综述了有关生物芯片技术的关键技术及这些技术在基因组和基因功能分析、基因表达研究、生物信号和防御系统、细胞周期调控、转录条控机制、蛋白质组学和食品组成分析上的应用。图3参59 相似文献
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工能基因组学:T-DNA介导的基因诱捕和植物基因鉴定(英文) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
拟南芥菜、水稻、蕃茄、土豆、玉米、小麦和大豆的全基因组测序为植物细胞和发育生 物学研究提供了许多有用的信息。基因组学的中心任务是利用这些信息去探索蛋白质的功能 和鉴定与发育有关的重要基因。尽管依赖于毁坏基因和产生可识别的突变表型的经典遗传学 方法仍然是极为成功的基因鉴定方法,借助于报告基因结构,随机插入植物基因组的T-DNA 介导的基因诱捕正发展成为植物细胞和发育生物学研究的极强有力的技术。本文描述了基因 诱捕、启动子诱捕和增强子诱捕在植物生物学中的应用,并且希望这些基因鉴定方法有助于 植物分子生物学家和生物技术工作者的研究。 相似文献
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植物微管蛋白基因研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
微管蛋白是构成植物微管的主要组成部分,主要由α-微管蛋白和β-微管蛋白构成,植物微管蛋白在植物的生长和发育中起到维持细胞形态、促进细胞内运输、参与细胞运动及细胞分裂的作用。植物微管蛋白基因是一个庞大基因家族,目前已经鉴定出了多种植物微管蛋白,并对其结构和功能进行了较为深入的研究。文中介绍了近年来植物微管蛋白基因家族的进化关系、微管蛋白的基因结构、微管结合蛋白以及微管蛋白功能的研究进展,分析了现阶段植物微管蛋白基因研究中存在的主要问题,并对植物微管蛋白研究的前景进行展望。 相似文献
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TANGWei LatoyaHarris RonaldJ.Newton 《林业研究》2004,15(3):227-232
The cell cycle is an important research field in cell biology and it is genetically and developmentally regulated in animals and plants. The aim of this study was to review knowledge about the biochemical regulation of the cell cycle by plant growth regulators through molecular checkpoints that regulate the transition from G0-G1-S-phase and G2-M in higher plants.Recent research has shown that zeatin treatment led to the up-regulation of CycD3 in Arabidopsis. Benzyladenine treatment can also shorten the duration of S-phase through recruitment of latent origins of DNA replication. Kinetin is involved in the phosphoregulation of the G2-M checkpoint; the major cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) at this checkpoint has recently shown to be dephosphorylated as a result of cytokinin treatment, an effect that can also be mimicked by the fission yeast Cdc25 phosphatase. Gibberellic acid (GA) treatment induces internode elongation in deepwater rice, this response is mediated by a GA-induced up-regulation of a cyclin-Cdk at the G2-M checkpoint. Recent evidence has also linked abscisic acid to a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. A new D-type cyclin, recently discovered in Arabidopsis may have a key role in this process. A brief review on plant growth regulator-cell cycle interfacing during development and a cytokinin-induced continuum of cell cycle activation through the up-regulation of a plant D-type cyclin at the G1 checkpoint and the phosphoregulation of the Cdk at the G2/M checkpoint had been concluded. This review could be valuable to research on cell and developmental biology in plants. 相似文献
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RNA-seq and single-cell genomic research emerge as an important research area in the recent years due to its ability to examine genetic information of any number of single cells in all living organisms.The knowledge gained from RNA-seq and single-cell genomic research will have a great impact in many aspects of plant biology.In this review,we summary and discuss the biological significance of RNA-seq and single-cell genomic research in plants including the single-cell DNA-sequencing,RNA-seq and single-cell RNA sequencing in woody plants,methods of RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-sequencing,single-cell RNA-sequencing for studying plant development,and single-cell RNA-sequencing for elucidating cell type composition.We will focus on RNA-seq and single-cell RNA sequencing in woody plants,understanding of plant development through single-cell RNAsequencing,and elucidation of cell type composition via single-cell RNA-sequencing.Information presented in this review will be helpful to increase our understanding of plant genomic research in a way with the power of plant single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis. 相似文献
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动物取食和扩散森林植物种实研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
动物取食扩散森林植物种实作为森林生态系统中植物和动物联系的-个重要方面, 不仅是联系母株与其子代幼苗的重要桥梁, 也是植物生活史中的-个重要阶段。文中综述了近年来关于动物取食森林植物种实及其与这些植物种子散布、萌发、幼苗生长和种群扩展等方面关系的研究成果。动物在取食和破坏森林植物种实的同时也将这些植物的种子扩散到-个新的生境斑块, 其消化道机械的或化学的作用提高了这些森林植物的种子萌发率和萌发进程, 促进了其早期定居和种群扩大。动物对森林植物的这种作用具有长期性, 形成特定动植物间或多物种间的协同进化。近年来, 森林生态系统受到了严重的干扰和破坏, 可能会因为干扰了森林植物种实的动物散布者而影响森林植物种群的扩展。 相似文献
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《Fitoterapia》2013
γ-Tocotrienol and sesamin are phytochemicals that display potent anticancer activity. Since sesamin inhibits the metabolic degradation of tocotrienols, studies were conducted to determine if combined treatment with sesamin potentiates the antiproliferative effects of γ-tocotrienol on neoplastic mouse (+ SA) and human (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) mammary cancer cells. Results showed that treatment with γ-tocotrienol or sesamin alone induced a significant dose-responsive growth inhibition, whereas combination treatment with these agents synergistically inhibited the growth of + SA, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 mammary cancer cells, while similar treatment doses were found to have little or no effect on normal (mouse CL-S1 and human MCF-10A) mammary epithelial cell growth or viability. However, sesamin synergistic enhancement of γ-tocotrienol-induced anticancer effects was not found to be mediated from a reduction in γ-tocotrienol metabolism. Rather, combined treatment with subeffective doses of γ-tocotrienol and sesamin was found to induce G1 cell cycle arrest, and a corresponding decrease in cyclin D1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, phospho-Rb, and E2F1 levels, and increase in p27 and p16 levels. Additional studies showed that the antiproliferative effect of combination treatment did not initiate apoptosis or result in a decrease in mammary cancer cell viability. Taken together, these findings indicate that the synergistic antiproliferative action of combined γ-tocotrienol and sesamin treatment in mouse and human mammary cancer cells is cytostatic, not cytotoxic, and results from G1 cell cycle arrest. 相似文献
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