共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 750 毫秒
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研究山苍子[Litsea cubeba(Lour.)Pers]扦插不定根的发生过程,为山苍子扦插繁殖提供理论依据。以山苍子一年生嫩枝为试材进行扦插,观察生根过程中外部形态变化;同时,利用常规石蜡切片法制片对山苍子扦插过程中不定根的形成过程进行解剖观察。结果表明,在山苍子插穗中无原始根原基存在,根原基由维管形成层的部分薄壁细胞诱导分化而来,进而发育为不定根,属于诱导生根型;愈伤组织是由皮层薄壁细胞、维管形成层的部分薄壁细胞诱导产生,且愈伤组织中未观察到根原基,不定根的发生与愈伤组织的出现不存在直接关联。山苍子属于非愈伤组织生根型树种。 相似文献
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为研究金花茶(Camellia chrysantha)在扦插过程中插穗的生根类型、诱导方式、部位以及不定根的发生和发育过程,以当年生金花茶充分木质化枝条为试材,开展不同生长调节剂和插穗类型的扦插生根类型比较,并通过石蜡切片法,对插穗生根部位进行解剖学观察。结果表明,清水处理的插穗(CK)只有愈伤生根出现,生长调节剂处理的插穗均有愈伤生根和皮部生根出现,其中生长调节剂Q2 (IBA 500 mg/L+NAA 200 mg/L)处理的插穗生根率最高(96.89%);单叶单芽插穗生根效果显著好于两叶两芽插穗。扦插前的金花茶插穗内无潜伏根原基存在,不定根由扦插后形成的诱生根原基发育而成,其中皮部产生的不定根起源于木质部和韧皮部之间维管形成层的薄壁细胞,愈伤产生的不定根是由愈伤组织自己形成的木质部外侧一些近圆形的薄壁细胞团特化而成。金花茶属诱导生根型树种。 相似文献
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糙叶杜鹃扦插生根过程中生理生化分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以野生糙叶杜鹃半木质化茎段为试材,采用植物生长激素KNAA和KIBA对插穗进行处理,测定不同生根期内源激素IAA,GA3,ZR,ABA,以及茎段扦插过程中可溶性糖、全氮含量和相关抗氧化酶活性变化.结果表明:2 000 mg·L-KNAA+2 000 mg·L-KIBA处理对插条生根具有显著影响,处理后的插穗生根率达到78.65％.在扦插生根过程中,较高浓度的内源IAA含量有利于根原基分化形成,GA3含量上升与插穗愈伤组织的诱导、不定根的形成呈正相关性,低水平的ABA更有利于糙叶杜鹃扦插生根;插穗在根原基分化和愈伤组织形成时期需要消耗一定的内源ZR;在生根过程中IAA/ABA比值较小,这可能是糙叶杜鹃扦插难生根的主要原因之一;插穗在生根过程中可溶性糖含量的增加、氮素含量的降低均有利于插穗不定根的生成.在扦插生根过程中氧化酶活性呈规律性变化,SOD,POD,PPO活性在愈伤组织诱导期上升,愈伤组织形成后略有下降,其中POD,PPO活性在不定根的形成期上升;生根后期糙叶杜鹃的CAT活性维持在较高的水平. 相似文献
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《四川林业科技》2017,(6)
为探究红颜草莓茎尖组培苗器官再生途径,以其茎尖为外植体进行组织培养,观察其器官再生过程中的形态学和解剖学变化特点。结果表明:红颜草莓茎尖离体再生的芽原基起源于茎尖形态学上端表皮层的薄壁细胞,属外起源;表皮层的薄壁细胞先分化形成芽原基,随后芽原基周围的皮层薄壁细胞再分化出叶原基;芽原基和叶原基共同发育形成不定芽;不定芽再生途径为器官型。不定芽基部组织受激素诱导于形成层分化出根原基,同时不定芽基部表皮层细胞也可分化出根原基。故不定根外起源方式既有内起源也有外起源,但不定根都属于诱生根原基。不定芽和不定根中的输导组织将整个组培苗连接成一个整体,形成完整植株。 相似文献
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以南京椴嫩枝插穗为研究对象,采用1 000 mg·kg-1 IBA粉剂处理插穗基部,对扦插生根过程中插穗皮部生长素IAA、玉米素核苷ZR、赤霉素GA3、脱落酸ABA含量以及IAA/ABA和IAA/ZR比值进行动态测定,探究嫩枝扦插生根过程中植物激素变化特点及其对生根的影响。结果表明:1)IBA处理可以显著促进南京椴嫩枝插穗生根,生根率接近67%;其生根过程可划分为愈伤组织形成期、根原基诱导期、不定根形成期和不定根生长期,各自对应时间约为10 d。2)IBA处理可以提高嫩枝插穗中IAA含量,IAA对于根原基的诱导和不定根的发生具有较为直接的影响作用,其含量升高有利于生根;GA3含量增加有利于根原基形成,而低水平GA3则更有利于不定根的生长;ABA和ZR含量升高不利于插穗生根,对于根原基的诱导和不定根的发生具有抑制作用;IAA、ABA在插穗根原基诱导和不定根形成过程中具有相互协调作用,IAA/ABA可作为衡量南京椴嫩枝扦插生根能力的指标。3)外源IBA处理可以促进插穗内IAA含量升高,调节ABA、ZR、GA3含量降低,促使IAA/ABA在诱导生根期快速增大,通过相关激素的调控,使插穗向有利于促进生根的生理状态转变。 相似文献
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以野生长蕊杜鹃半木质化茎段为试材,采用植物生长激素KIBA,KNAA和Hormodin对插穗进行处理,测定不同生根期内源激素IAA、GA3、ZR、ABA含量,对扦插不同时期插穗茎段进行电镜扫描。结果表明:先快蘸液态KNAA(3 000mg·L-1),再迅速蘸取粉状Hormodin#1处理对插条生根具有显著影响,插穗生根率达到了81.25%;较高浓度的内源IAA含量有利于根原基分化形成,GA3含量上升与插穗愈伤组织的诱导、不定根的形成呈正相关性,低水平的ABA更有利于长蕊杜鹃扦插生根;插穗在根原基分化和愈伤组织形成时期消耗內源ZR,在不定根长出后自身合成ZR;通过对淀粉粒研究表明扦插期补充糖类物质是必要的,簇状晶体产生表明钙调控等生理机制形成。 相似文献
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Zeng Duan-xiang Yin Wei-lun Zhao Xiao-qing Wang Hua-fang College of Biological Sciences Biotechnology Beijing Forestry University Beijing P. R. China College of Landscape Architecture Beijing Forestry University Beijing P. R. China College of Forestry Management Staff State Forestry Administration Beijing P. R. China th Group Zhoulou Village Mudan Town of Heze Shandong P. R. China 《中国林学(英文版)》2006,8(4)
Tree peony is well known and sought after for its large, colorful flowers. Its propagation is via vegetative methods. Mech-nisms of the adventitious rooting and the regulation of rooting processes are the principles and techniques of plant propagation and improvement. Microstructures and fluctuations of phytohormones in the adventitious rooting were studied with the etiolated softwood shoots of Paeonia suffruticosa 'Yinfen Jinlin'. There are no pre-primordia in the shoots of the cultivar. Adventitious roots are produced in five stages: shoot selection, primordium initiation, primordium growth, conducting tissue differentiation and root protrusion. Primordia initiated in the cortex. The contents of the endogenous hormones, IAA, ABA and GA, were 5.842, 0.873 and 1.043 nmol·g-1 FW on the bases of shoots, respectively. CTKs which included isopentenyl adenine (iPA), zeatin riboside (ZR) and dihy-drozeatin riboside (DHZR) were 0.949, 0.695 and 2.034 nmol·g-1 FW, respectively. DHZR is active among CTKs. The ratio of IAA to GA, CTK and ABA clearly increased at the stage of primordium initiation, while they showed low levels at the stages of primordium growth. The ratios were restored at the shoot levels at the stage of root protrusion. IBA provoked primordia initiation in the cortex, the vascular cambium, the pith and even in the callus induced on the base of shoots. IAA levels in the treated shoots increased gradually to its highest level (three times of control) at the stage of conducting tissue differentiation. The ratios of IAA to GA, CTK and ABA clearly decreased at the stage of primordium initiation. The ratio of IAA to ABA is regulated at 10:1. 相似文献
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Mevalonate kinase (MK) catalyzes a step in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway, which leads to a huge number of compounds that play important roles in plant growth and development. Here, we report on changes in MK activity in white pine (Pinus strobus L.) during plant regeneration by adventitious shoot organogenesis from cotyledons of mature embryos, including nodular callus induction, shoot formation and rooting. Nodular calli were induced from Pinus strobus (PS) embryos by culture in nodular callus induction medium in a 0-, 8- or 16-h photoperiod. Mevalonate kinase activity peaked in nodular calli after three weeks of culture on nodular callus induction medium in a 16-h photoperiod, whereas frequency of nodular callus formation peaked after 4 weeks of culture on nodular callus induction medium in darkness. During adventitious shoot formation, MK activity peaked in shoots derived from dark-grown nodular calli after 3 weeks on bud formation medium, and frequency of shoot formation was highest in dark-grown nodular calli cultured on bud formation medium for 4 weeks. During rooting, MK activity peaked 2 weeks after transfer of adventitious shoots to rooting medium and rooting frequency was highest in adventitious shoots after 3 weeks on rooting medium. Although during nodular callus induction in darkness MK activity was inversely related to frequency of nodular callus formation, MK activity was highly correlated with frequency of shoot formation and with rooting frequency. The observed increase in MK activity preceding rooting suggests that MK could serve as a marker for rooting of white pine shoots in vitro. 相似文献
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【目的】为了解生长素诱导杜梨不定根发生效应,明确不定根诱导过程与氧化酶活性间的关系,从而为杜梨等难生根植物的生根研究提供理论指导和技术借鉴。【方法】以连续继代培养的杜梨不定芽为材料,调查了不同种类(NAA、IBA和IAA)和浓度(0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg·L-1)的生长素对不定芽生根的影响情况,分别在生根诱导0、4、8、12、16 d后观察不定根发育的内外组织形态,测定并分析相关酶活性的变化情况。【结果】外源生长素均能促进不定芽不定根的发生,在相同种类的生长素处理下,浓度分别为0.1和2.0 mg·L-1处理的各项生根指标均显著低于浓度分别为0.5和1.0 mg·L-1处理的。以NAA诱导产生的愈伤组织较大且松软易脱落,不利于其后期的移栽成活;以IBA处理的生根率显著高于NAA和IAA处理的,其中以浓度为0.5 mg·L-1的IBA处理的各项生根指标均最优。对其组织形态的观察结果表明,杜梨不定根发生类型属于诱生根原基,经IBA处理4 d后,其茎基部表皮颜色变红,内部根原基发生于韧皮部和维管束形成层交界处,诱导8 d后茎段外部出现了愈伤组织且组织内部根原基已形成,诱导12 d后不定根突破表皮向外生长。在杜梨不定芽生根过程中,SOD和PPO活性在诱导的0~4 d内均快速上升,在诱导的4~12 d内均下降,而在诱导的12~16 d内均呈现缓慢上升的变化趋势;IAAO活性总体呈现先下降后上升的趋势,且每个时期的活性均显著高于对照组;POD活性呈现出上升→下降→上升→下降的变化趋势,2个峰值分别出现在诱导4 和12 d之时。【结论】0.5 mg·L-1的IBA可有效促进连续继代培养的杜梨不定芽的生根,其不定根的形成过程与氧化酶有密切的关系。 相似文献
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Tree peony is well known and sought after for its large, colorful flowers. Its propagation is via vegetative methods. Mechnisms of the adventitious rooting and the regulation of rooting processes are the principles and techniques of plant propagation and improvement. Microstructures and fluctuations of phytohormones in the adventitious rooting were studied with the etiolated softwood shoots of Paeonia suffruticosa ‘Yinfen Jinlin’. There are no pre-primordia in the shoots of the cultivar. Adventitious roots are produced in five stages: shoot selection, primordium initiation, primordium growth, conducting tissue differentiation and root protrusion. Primordia initiated in the cortex. The contents of the endogenous hormones, IAA, ABA and GA, were 5.842, 0.873 and 1.043 nmol•g–1 FW on the bases of shoots, respectively. CTKs which included isopentenyl adenine (iPA), zeatin riboside (ZR) and dihydrozeatin riboside (DHZR) were 0.949, 0.695 and 2.034 nmol•g–1 FW, respectively. DHZR is active among CTKs. The ratio of IAA to GA, CTK and ABA clearly increased at the stage of primordium initiation, while they showed low levels at the stages of primordium growth. The ratios were restored at the shoot levels at the stage of root protrusion. IBA provoked primordia initiation in the cortex, the vascular cambium, the pith and even in the callus induced on the base of shoots. IAA levels in the treated shoots increased gradually to its highest level (three times of control) at the stage of conducting tissue differentiation. The ratios of IAA to GA, CTK and ABA clearly decreased at the stage of primordium initiation. The ratio of IAA to ABA is regulated at 10:1. 相似文献
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为了解无患子硬枝扦插生根机制,以1年生无患子硬枝作为扦插材料,在扦插第0—80天调查愈伤组织发育和根系形成情况,测定插穗的腋芽(嫩叶)以及基部2cm长度的韧皮部内源激素和多酚类物质的含量。结果表明,无患子硬枝扦插第10天开始出现愈伤组织,第50天愈伤率达到最高值83.33%;第40天开始出现生根插穗,生根率为6.67%,随后不定根数量迅速增加,第70天生根率达到86.67%,此时平均有5.33条。之后生根数量不变,根系仍然在生长,且扦插后根系效果指数持续增高。插穗韧皮部内源激素含量变化较复杂。整体来看,高含量赤霉素(GA3)抑制愈伤组织和不定根形成,且在根原基发生期和不定根形成关键期达到峰值,在不定根速生期持续下降;高含量生长素(IAA)促进不定根的形成,且在扦插后第20天,即根原基发生期,达到峰值(92.7μg/g);玉米素核苷(ZR)对无患子硬枝扦插过程的生理作用较复杂,低含量的ZR有利于根原基的发生和不定根速生,但高含量的ZR促进不定根形成。韧皮部ZR/IAA在扦插后第20—40天呈下降趋势,第40—60天快速上升,促进不定根生长;GA3/IAA整体呈现抛物线形下降趋势,特别是在根原基发生期和不定根速生期,下降速率更快,以促进不定根的生长。无患子硬枝插穗生根进程中,多数多酚类物质对愈伤组织形成、根原基发生及不定根形成有极显著抑制作用,没食子酸抑制效果稍弱;插穗内多种激素和多酚类物质的含量均发生了变化,且对插穗生根产生重大影响。总之,插穗根原基发生和不定根形成等关键时期,IAA含量升高,GA3、ZR以及多酚类物质含量降低,植物体内多种内源物质此消彼长,达到动态平衡,共同促进插穗生根。 相似文献
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【目的】筛选适合欧洲鹅耳枥水培生根的植物生长调节剂处理方法,并讨论欧洲鹅耳枥水培苗与土培苗的差异,为欧洲鹅耳枥生根机制研究及进一步生理生化研究提供理论基础。【方法】以欧洲鹅耳枥硬枝枝条为试材,研究不同植物生长调节剂种类、质量浓度和处理时间对生根率、愈伤组织率、存活率、平均根数、平均根长、皮部生根枝条率、皮部平均根数、切口平均根数的影响及生根过程中的指标动态,并研究水培苗与土培苗形态、生理、根显微结构的区别。【结果】欧洲鹅耳枥水培既存在切口生根,也存在皮部生根,可通过不同的生长调节剂来诱导不同的生根方式。欧洲鹅耳枥水培生根最佳的生长调节剂处理方式为800 mg/L ABT1处理1 h,在此条件下,欧洲鹅耳枥枝条生根率60.14%,愈伤组织率75.25%,存活率96.67%,其生根方式主要为切口生根,生根数量较少但粗壮,大小一致,便于标准化生产;采用1 200 mg/L NAA浸泡1 h的处理方式,获得的水培苗全部为皮部生根,生根数量多但较细弱,发根位置不定,有大量根很长,不适合移植土壤但适合水培观赏根系。水培苗根含水量是土培苗根含水量的1.90倍,水培苗的根系活力显著低于土培。水培根系呈白色至浅褐色,基本没有木质化,不定根长且直,二级根少且短,缺少三级根,缺少角质层,且皮层的薄壁细胞体积大、形状不规则、排列疏松,维管柱占根横截面积比例较小。【结论】欧洲鹅耳枥水培既存在切口生根,也存在皮部生根,可通过不同的生长调节剂来诱导不同的生根方式。欧洲鹅耳枥水培苗与土培苗相比,根系形态及显微结构都发生明显变化。 相似文献