共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 160 毫秒
1.
柑橘果实总钙、可溶性Ca~(2+)含量及Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性的季节性变化 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
以单性结实的龟井和自花结实的鄂柑1号柑橘品种为材料,对果实的整个发育期的子房(幼果)、果皮和果肉的总钙、可溶性Ca2+含量和Ca2+-ATPase活性进行了测定。结果表明龟井花前至花期子房总钙含量就已很高,花后趋下降,而鄂柑1号花前至花期子房总钙含量相对较低,花后有一显著上升;龟井可溶性Ca2+含量在花期及花后有一明显下降,而对应鄂柑1号在花后却有一显著上升;龟井花前至花期Ca2+-ATPase活性较高,花后下降,而对应鄂柑1号花前较低,花期即始上升;果实增大期内两品种果皮的总钙均趋上升,对应果肉总钙却趋下降;而果皮和果肉的可溶性Ca2+含量和Ca2+-ATPase活性在增大期内均有一明显增长过程或居相对较高水平。 相似文献
2.
柑橘开花前后子房(幼果)钙、硼营养与IAA、GA_(1/3)动态研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
对单性结实的国庆1号温州蜜柑和自花结实的华农本地早橘在开花前后子房(幼果)发育中钙、硼营养与内源IAA和GA1/3的浓度变化进行了测定。结果表明:1)在盛花期及花前阶段内国庆1号钙与硼浓度均居较高水平,盛花后即下降;而华农本地早盛花前相对较低,盛花后却有一上升过程;2)两品种的钙动态与各自的IAA动态呈显著正相关,国庆1号的硼与IAA亦呈显著正相关,但均与GA1/3无明显关系;3)国庆1号的钙浓度明显低于华农本地早。还就子房(幼果)中内源激素(IAA和GA1/3)与钙、硼营养的吸收及其生长发育的关系进行了讨论。 相似文献
3.
抗裂性不同的荔枝品种果皮发育过程中钙的分布动态研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
研究比较了抗裂荔枝品种‘怀枝’和易裂品种‘糯米糍’果皮中钙的含量, 并用电子探针技术(X - 射线电子散射能谱, X-Ray electron dispersive spectrum) 分析了两者钙的显微分布动态。研究表明,‘怀枝’积累钙的能力明显高于‘糯米糍’。两品种果皮发育早期, 海绵组织形成之前(花后10 d) , 在中果皮内层有大量的富钙区域, 随着果皮发育, 海绵组织形成, 该部位的富钙区消失; 而在果肉快速膨大前(花后52～66 d) , 内果皮成为钙信号最强的区域, 同时, 表皮细胞内积累大量的钙, 成为富钙细胞层, 表明钙可在果皮组织内再分布。果实发育后期(花后66～80 d) 表皮之下的厚壁组织钙分布最弱。本文还对两品种钙含量差异与种子发育的关系及各部位钙与果皮力学性能的关系进行了讨论。 相似文献
4.
梨果实发育中果肉及种子钙和果胶含量的变化 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：16
：以果实耐贮性和质地有明显差异的‘黄花’和‘湘南’梨品种为试材，研究了果实发育过程中果肉与种子中Ca2 、总钙含量和果肉果胶含量的动态及其相互关系。结果表明：1)两品种果肉细胞中总钙和Ca2 含量在幼果发育前期较高，以后呈下降趋势，采收时黄花梨果肉中的总钙含量明显高于湘南梨；2)种子中总钙含量远高于果肉，随果实发育而逐渐上升，且黄花梨在7月中旬果实膨大期后上升加快直至采收，而湘南梨则在7月中旬后停止上升；种子中的Ca2 含量在后期均有一个迅速上升峰；3)原果胶含量在果实发育前期上升，中后期下降，后期黄花梨远低于湘南梨；而水溶性果胶呈逐渐上升的趋势，两品种较为接近。 相似文献
5.
ABA和乙烯与甜樱桃果实成熟的关系 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
以‘红灯’甜樱桃为试材,分析了果实生长发育过程中内源脱落酸(ABA)和1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)含量的变化以及外源ABA和乙烯利处理对果实成熟进程的影响,探讨了ABA和乙烯与甜樱桃果实成熟的关系。结果表明:果皮和果柄中的ABA含量呈逐渐上升的趋势,在花后43d达到最大值。果肉中的ABA含量呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势,在花后14d时含量较高,之后下降,花后25d开始又迅速上升,至花后36d出现一高峰,之后下降。种子中的ABA含量和果肉表现出相似的变化趋势,但ABA峰值的出现早于果肉。ACC含量在果实的整个发育过程中变化不大,并且一直处于很低的水平,最大值不足0.02nmol·g-1FW。外源ABA能促进内源ABA的合成和乙烯的释放,但对内源ACC的变化没有显著影响。乙烯利持续处理能促进乙烯的释放,提高内源ACC的水平。外源ABA能提高甜樱桃果实的成熟度和花青苷含量,促进果实软化。乙烯利处理对果实的硬度、花青苷含量和成熟度指数均没有显著影响。 相似文献
6.
《果树学报》2020,(1)
【目的】探讨‘库尔勒香梨’果实发育过程中石细胞的形成与细胞凋亡(PCD)之间可能存在的关系,为调控‘库尔勒香梨’果实石细胞含量、改善果实品质提供科学依据。【方法】以15 a(年)生‘库尔勒香梨’(Pyrus sinkiangensis Yü)为试材,通过显微观察和含量测定,研究果实发育过程中石细胞的形成规律和活性氧(ROS)的积累特性,同时用3种不同细胞凋亡的检测方法检测了果肉细胞细胞核浓缩情况、DNA的片段化现象。【结果】‘库尔勒香梨’果实发育过程中,石细胞含量呈先上升后下降趋势,最大值出现在花后50 d,为20.22%。随后,石细胞含量随着果实的膨大迅速下降;到花后120 d,石细胞含量降低到3.37%。石细胞的染色结果表明,花后10～20 d大部分石细胞还处于松散聚集的初始阶段,一部分石细胞团已经成型,但未达到最大体积,花后30 d石细胞开始大量聚簇,形成石细胞团,至花后50 d石细胞数量和大小趋于稳定。ROS含量变化与果实中石细胞含量变化相一致,果实发育前期积累多,后期逐渐减少。细胞凋亡检测显示,香梨果实发育过程中确实出现细胞凋亡现象。TUNEL、DAPI和Hoechst染色都表明,果实发育早期阶段(花后10～40 d)是‘库尔勒香梨’果肉细胞发生凋亡的关键时期,花后75 d开始,PCD荧光信号较弱或基本检测不到凋亡信号。【结论】‘库尔勒香梨’果实石细胞形成的关键时期是花后10～50 d。PCD发生时期和ROS积累时期与石细胞形成时期基本重叠。 相似文献
7.
《中国瓜菜》2018,(12)
为了探究南瓜果肉中类胡萝卜素的最佳提取条件及南瓜果实发育过程中的类胡萝卜素含量变化,以5个不同南瓜品种为试材,通过正交试验筛选南瓜果肉中类胡萝卜素的最佳提取条件,利用分光光度计测定类胡萝卜素总量。正交试验结果表明,在超声波辅助下,利用无水乙醇为提取溶剂,料液比1∶4,浸提8 min,共抽提4次时,南瓜果肉类胡萝卜素提取率最高(可达83.9 mg·100 g-1)。5个南瓜品种果实发育过程中,果肉类胡萝卜素含量的变化趋势类似,均随果实发育时间的延长而增加;但不同品种间类胡萝卜素含量差异显著。在果实发育过程中,这5个南瓜品种果肉中类胡萝卜素含量大小顺序为:‘迷你荃鑫’‘黑晶’‘荃鑫6号’‘绿圆’‘早丰蜜’。研究结果表明,不同品种间类胡萝卜素含量差异明显。花后28～49 d是南瓜果肉类胡萝卜素合成与积累的关键时期。 相似文献
8.
硝酸钙和IAA对温州蜜柑果实钙含量及其品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在花期、花后1周、3周、采前2周对龟井蜜柑进行Ca(NO3)2、IAA和IAA+Ca(NO3)2喷布处理,同时测定了不同发育时期各处理果实钙含量及其采后果实的主要品质,并与采后浸钙处理和完熟采收果实品质进行了对比分析,结果表明:1)各处理的果皮钙含量在花后51d和112d均有所提高,但此期整个果实钙含量并无显著性差异,采收时各处理整个果实和果肉钙含量均显著高于对照;2)采收时各处理果实的可溶性固形物和可滴定酸均显著低于对照,可溶性糖、单果重、果皮色差值和相对电导率与对照无显著性差异,各处理糖酸比显著高于对照;3)采后30d时IAA+Ca(NO3)2喷布和采后浸钙处理果实的维生素C及完熟采收果实的可溶性固形物和可溶性糖均显著高于对照和其他处理。 相似文献
9.
《果树学报》2020,(2)
【目的】探究套袋对‘鸭梨’果实发育过程中氨基酸组成及含量的影响。【方法】用外黄内黑双层纸袋对‘鸭梨’幼果进行套袋处理,以不套袋果实为对照,采用全自动氨基酸分析仪L-8900对‘鸭梨’果皮和果肉中游离氨基酸和水解氨基酸的组成及含量进行定性和定量分析。【结果】从‘鸭梨’果实中检测到17种氨基酸,包括缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸和赖氨酸7种必需氨基酸,天冬氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、脯氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、半胱氨酸、酪氨酸、组氨酸和精氨酸10种非必需氨基酸。果实发育过程中,果皮和果肉中游离氨基酸总含量增加,水解氨基酸总量降低。套袋改变了‘鸭梨’果皮和果肉中游离氨基酸和水解氨基酸的含量,果实成熟时(花后160 d),套袋后果皮中游离氨基酸总含量显著高于对照(p 0.01),果肉中游离氨基酸总含量显著低于对照(p 0.05);而果皮中水解氨基酸总含量显著低于对照(p 0.05),果肉中水解氨基酸总含量高于对照,影响未达到显著水平。【结论】‘鸭梨’果实发育过程中,果皮和果肉中游离氨基酸总含量增加,水解氨基酸总量降低。套袋改变了果实中游离氨基酸和水解氨基酸的含量。果皮中,水解氨基酸总含量降低,游离氨基酸总含量增加;而果肉中,游离氨基酸总含量降低,水解氨基酸总含量增加。 相似文献
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11.
S. J. Mcartney 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):640-644
Summary1-Aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACC) was applied to apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) trees or to individual fruiting spurs between full bloom (FB) and 31 d after full bloom (DAFB; mean fruit diameter of 20 mm) to determine the effects of ACC on the ethylene released from detached spurs and on fruit abscission. The rate of ethylene release from detached fruiting spurs increased 1 d after applying 50 mg l–1 ACC at full bloom or 16 DAFB (mean fruit diameter of 10 mm), but ACC had a reduced effect on the rate of ethylene release when it was applied 31 DAFB (mean fruit diameter of 20 mm). ACC reduced fruit set in ‘GoldRush’ apple in a concentration-dependent manner in 2009 and in 2010, but had no thinning activity on ‘Pink Lady’ in 2010. ACC at 200 mg l–1 resulted in the yellowing and abscission of ‘GoldRush’ spur leaves in 2009, but not in 2010. The effects of combining ACC and 5 mg l–1 naphthaleneacetic acid on fruit set in ‘GoldRush’ apple were additive. The application of 200 mg l–1 ACC when fruit are ca. 10 mm in diameter may therefore be a useful chemical thinning treatment for apple fruit. 相似文献
12.
为探讨梨果萼片宿存、脱落与矿质营养之间的关系,以砀山酥梨为试材,在盛花后5 ~ 25 d,测定了宿萼幼果及其萼片中9种矿质元素含量,分析了幼果与萼片发育过程中对各种矿质元素的需求;通过盛花期喷施GA3、PP333、FeSO4处理,探讨了Fe在果实萼片发育中的作用,并对幼果萼片中矿质元素与叶绿素含量进行了相关性分析。结果表明,砀山酥梨宿萼幼果与萼片中Fe含量差异最大,萼片中Fe平均含量是幼果的6.13倍,其它元素差异较小;萼片发育过程中对铁的需求量明显高于幼果,而对其他矿质元素的需求量则少于幼果。400 mg · L-1 GA3处理增加了宿萼果率,且增加了幼果与萼片Fe的含量;2 500 mg · L-1 PP333处理降低了宿萼果率,且减少了幼果与萼片中Fe的含量,喷施0.3% FeSO4提高了宿萼果率。因此,Fe是萼片发育重要的矿质元素之一,Fe充足时果实萼片易宿存。同时,萼片中叶绿素a含量的动态变化与Fe含量的动态变化呈显著性正相关,表明萼片中大量的Fe可能用于叶绿素a的合成。 相似文献
13.
K. M. Jones Sally A. Bound M. J. Oakford 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):685-694
Two trials assessed the relationship between time of spray application and the effectiveness of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) or ethephon on thinning of red ‘Fuji’ apples. In particular the effectiveness of sprays at, before, or just after full bloom (FB) were assessed. Both NAA and ethephon were effective thinners at FB. The thinners differed in efficacy with time; NAA was less effective before and after FB, ethephon was efficient before FB but this thinning power declined over time linearly, becoming ineffective 5-6 d after full bloom (DAFB) Thinning effectiveness was reflected in improved mean fruit weight and size. With NAA, increasing the concentration from 10 to 20 mg P1 did not improve fruit thinning. Whereas NAA sprays 5-10 DAFB reduced pip numbers to fewer than the controls, ethephon sprays did not result in such large reductions. It was concluded that the most effective time to thin red ‘Fuji’ was at or near FB. This recommendation is firm for ethephon but further clarification is needed for NAA. This conclusion supports some work for other cultivars. However, the problem of the preoccupation with fruit set by many orchardists in countries with climates cooler than Australia is recognized as a continuing problem for the recommendation for such general early use of thinners. 相似文献
14.
两个苹果早熟品种果实香气成分差异及变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用静态顶空和气相色谱—质谱联用技术,研究了不同成熟阶段苹果早熟品种‘泰山早霞’和‘辽伏’果实的香气成分。结果表明：‘泰山早霞’果实特征香气成分为乙酸丁酯、乙酸-2-甲基-1-丁酯、乙酸己酯、丁酸乙酯、2-甲基丁酸乙酯、丁酸丙酯、2-甲基丁酸丁酯与己酸乙酯等8种,‘辽伏’果实特征香气成分为己醛、(E)-2-己烯醛、乙酸己酯、丁酸乙酯、2-甲基丁酸乙酯、己酸乙酯等6种;两品种果实成熟过程中香气成分分别以酯类和醇类为主;‘泰山早霞’含量最高的酯类为乙酸酯,而‘辽伏’为丁酸酯;两品种的醇类与酯类含量随果实的成熟显著升高,但‘泰山早霞’酯类含量在花后45 d即显著高于同时期的其它成分,并高于‘辽伏’的酯类含量,表明‘泰山早霞’酯类合成启动较早,‘辽伏’与‘泰山早霞’醇类增加较快的时期分别为花后45～60 d与花后60～75 d,表明‘辽伏’醇类成分的合成早于‘泰山早霞’。 相似文献
15.
Yousef Rezaei Kalaj Martin Geyer Werner B. Herppich Manuela Zude-Sasse 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2018,60(2):105-112
Maximum daily trunk shrinkage (MDS) has been suggested as an appropriate indicator of plant water status because it is closely related to stem water potential. Interaction of MDS and fruit quality was studied in plum (Prunus domestica L. ‘Jojo’/Wavit and ‘Tophit plus’/Wavit) in temperate climate. According to the MDS data, trees were grouped as low MDS (LMDS) and high MDS (HMDS). Fruit quality was analysed during fruit development (95, 103, 117 DAFB for ‘Jojo’ and 99, 112, 121 DAFB for ‘Tophit plus’) before commercial harvest. Fruit picked at commercial harvest (137 DAFB and 140 DAFB for ‘Jojo’ and ‘Tophit plus’, respectively) were stored at 2 ± 0.5?°C (90 ± 2% RH) for 28 days, and 2 days shelf life at 20?°C providing 6 measuring dates postharvest. Results confirmed that MDS was positively correlated with water vapour pressure deficit also in the apparent temperate, semi-humid climate. Transpiration of fruit from high crop load and resulting HMDS trees, which can be assessed as physiologically drought, was low compared to that of fruit from LMDS trees. Furthermore, HMDS tree grown plums had enhanced soluble solids and dry matter contents with a tendency of reduced fruit size. 相似文献
16.
鸭梨,茌梨果实采前乙烯生物合成特性研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
鸭梨、茌梨果实均从盛花后１４５天进入呼吸跃变，同时伴随着乙烯释放高峰的出现。鸭梨的乙烯合成酶（ＥＦＥ）活性和氨基环丙烷羧酸（ＡＣＣ）含量高于茌梨，乙烯释放量的峰值是茌梨的４倍，两品种果实的ＥＦＥ活性变化与果实的呼吸跃变和乙烯释放量的变化同步，ＡＣＣ含量自盛花后１３５天，一直呈止升趋势。两品种果实内含有亚精胺、腐胺和精胺三种内源多胺，亚精胺与梨果实乙烯生物合成有关。 相似文献
17.
Sang-Hyun Lee Jin-Ho Choi Wol-Soo Kim Tae-Ho Han Yong-Seo Park Hirosi Gemma 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006
This study was carried out to investigate the cause of stone cell formation in pear (Pyrus pyrifolia cv. ‘Niitaka’) flesh. Potted plants grown in a glass house were subjected to water stress conditions without irrigation for 30 days from 30 days before full bloom (BFB treatment), full bloom (FB treatment) and 30 days after full bloom (AFB treatment). Control plants were drip-irrigated daily maintaining a soil matrix potential around −40 ± 5 kPa. The formation of stone cells in pear flesh increased in the FB treatment and AFB treatment plants and this tendency was sustained until the harvest season. Root activity was investigated 60 days after full bloom (DAFB) and the triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction potential, the formazan content and leaf water potential were investigated 30, 45, and 60 DAFB. Root activity decreased progressively due to the effect of water stress. Also, the Ca content in leaf and flesh was lower. The peroxidase activity was high in the flesh at the early stages of fruit growth and decreased at the late stages of fruit growth, and then a higher increase of peroxidase activity was observed in water-stressed fruit. The reduction in calcium content of leaf and fruit in plants under water stress may be related to the reduction of root activity and leaf water potential. The increase in peroxidase activity under water stress may be due to limited calcium absorption. Higher peroxidase activity may induce the accumulation of lignin in the cell wall and promote the formation of stone cells in pear flesh. We conclude that water stress condition during the early stages of fruit growth is one of several factors that determine the formation of stone cells in pear flesh. 相似文献