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盐碱化是土地“顽疾”，而我国滨海地区拥有大面积的盐碱地，对于地区生态发展极为不利，既限制了城市绿化建设，又影响了地区生态系统平衡和居民的生活环境。实践证明，合理选用耐盐碱植物，能在一定程度上起到改良土壤盐碱性的作用，是盐碱地区绿化发展和生态修复的一条有效途径。本研究以北方滨海地区为例，分析了土地盐碱化带来的为害，列举了地区绿化中可用的耐盐碱植物，并着重论述了耐盐碱植物在北方滨海地区绿化中的应用方法，以期改善滨海地区因盐碱化造成的绿化实施难题，助力地区生态环境改善，为城市居民营造更舒适的居住环境。 相似文献
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盐碱土主要为土壤出现盐碱化的情况,由于盐碱土对绿化造成了很大的威胁,社会各界对此相当重视。在盐碱区域展开绿化作业时,为了更有效地抵抗土地盐碱化,应该科学使用相关抗盐碱技术,并依据具体情况栽种抗盐碱植物。基于以上,本文选取唐山南部沿海盐碱地作为分析样本,总结该区域在绿化工作方面的成效,具体阐述了相关的绿化技术以及所应用的绿植,期望可以带来一定的参考。 相似文献
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沙碱薄地果园土壤有机质含量低,透气性差,保肥保水能力差.果树根系往往生长不良,产量低而不稳,果实品质差.对含盐量在0.3%以上,pH值在8.5以上的重沙碱地,宜先改造盐碱,再栽植果树.对盐碱化程度较轻的沙碱薄地果园必须加强土壤的改良和管理工作. 相似文献
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香根草对盐碱土壤修缮改良作用的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以香根草为试材,采用人工配置含有一定浓度的NaCl或K2CO3盐碱的土壤为栽培基质,统计分析了香根草的成活率、分蘖率和生物量积累率,与香根草植株体内的盐分含量及栽培土壤中盐碱含量,并进一步测定了所栽培的香根草吸收土壤中盐分的质量和能力及土壤中减少的盐碱质量.结果表明:香根草对土壤中盐碱的吸收能力较强,在其生长发育过程中氯盐的吸收能力大于对碳酸盐的吸收;但对于土壤中的盐碱降解来说,碳酸盐的降解比氯盐容易;同时得出香根草对于盐碱土壤具有一定的修缮改良作用. 相似文献
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为实现无公害蔬菜生产和蔬菜种植业的可持续发展,总结了我国蔬菜农田的农药、农膜、化肥等有机物污染情况,介绍了土壤物理修复技术(热脱附技术和土壤蒸汽浸提技术)、土壤化学修复技术(土壤淋洗技术、氧化-还原技术、光催化降解技术)、土壤生物修复技术(植物、动物和微生物修复技术)及土壤联合修复技术;其中,物理修复技术见效快且处理效果较好,但其成本高昂,不适合用于修复大面积污染的土地;化学修复技术操作较为简单且可以处理更深层的土壤,但化学修复只适于修复小面积土壤且容易破坏土壤;而生物修复具有成本低、绿色无污染等优势,但需解决耗时长、修复效率低等问题;因此,增加有机污染物生物有效性、提高修复效率、缩短修复周期成为土壤修复的研究热点。未来,要研究出多种土壤修复技术,并开发适用范围广且经济高效的配套栽培技术,而生物炭作为土壤改良剂,可改善土壤环境、修复污染土壤,将成为农业和环境保护领域的研究热点之一。 相似文献
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Over that past decade, ecological restoration practices have expanded globally. However, the effectiveness of ecological restoration depends on the complex interactions of various natural and socioeconomic factors, about which there is limited scientific understanding and thus provides an important research frontier. This paper analyzed the relationship between regional scale vegetation restoration and the process of urbanization using the Loess Plateau of China as a case study. This region has experienced both rapid urbanization and a high number of vegetation restoration activities. Urbanization and vegetation restoration can be considered as extremes on the spectrum of environment preservation activities. Three separate spatial correlation analyses between urbanization and vegetation restoration were identified, resulting in: 1) insignificant correlations in saturated urban areas; 2) significant negative correlations in peri-urban areas; and 3) significant positive correlations in undeveloped areas. The relationship between urbanization and vegetation restoration is thus stage-dependent. Impacts of urbanization on vegetation degradation has improved but has not been fully addressed by large scale vegetation restoration. Regardless of whether the county or grid scale is used, peri-urbanization was found to be the critical factor affecting the effectiveness of vegetation restoration over both time and space. Therefore, peri-urbanized areas are viewed as priorities for improving the coupling of urban development and vegetation restoration. 相似文献
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海岛矿山生态修复边坡植物多样性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对舟山市16个修复边坡进行植被恢复状况的调查,分析了其边坡植物的多样性。结果表明:恢复时间较长、矿区的土壤基质良好,水分条件充足,矿区周围原生植被较好的地点植被恢复后的植物种类丰富度较高。舟山市边坡复绿植物种类较多,其中种数最多的是禾本科,其次是豆科、菊科、木犀科、蔷薇科、山茶科、樟科、苦木科。从群落组成结构看,主要形成了以马棘、紫穗槐等灌木为优势种的乔灌草植物群落结构。草本、木本植物的均匀度都较高,木本植物的多样性和丰富度较草本的高。结合植被调查和植物多样性分析的结果,针对海岛特殊的气候环境提出了海岛边坡修复植物选择原则,同时,类比与海岛边坡类似条件下生长良好的植物,建立了几种植物配置模式,为同类型的边坡绿化植物的选择提供参考。 相似文献
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Road construction degrades large areas of indigenous vegetation. Better understanding of ecosystem restoration after degradation will require development and assessment of improved restoration techniques. The potential of natural revegetation based on propagules from topsoil as a restoration technique, to achieve succession towards indigenous vegetation, is not fully understood and accepted as an alternative method for vegetation establishment. The aim of this study was to evaluate this restoration technique by comparing different topsoils with respect to their potentials for revegetation and to describe the early succession on these topsoils by recording change in vegetation cover and the number of species.The study road RV23 is situated in south-east Norway and runs mainly through mixed, mostly coniferous forest. The topsoil (the upper 30 cm) was removed before road construction started, stockpiled during the construction period and then redistributed on the road verge afterwards. In 1999, 10 macroplots of 25 m2 were placed randomly on selected topsoils of different qualities, to represent the soil variation in the study area. The soil quality varied from organic-rich to organic-poor soils. Each macro plot contained four 1-m2 mesoplots in which the species composition was recorded in 2000 and 2001.Univariate statistical tests were applied to reveal change in vegetation cover between macroplots within 1 year and between years 2000 and 2001. Furthermore, statistical tests were used to reveal the change in single-species frequencies between the study years.Two years after deposition of topsoils, the vegetation cover was generally satisfactory from an aesthetical point of view. However, the variation in vegetation cover and species composition was considerable on different topsoils, reflecting both the local variation of the indigenous vegetation and the soil quality. A total of 121 species of vascular plants were recorded in all 10 macroplots, although not more than 59 species were found in one macroplot. Species composition and single-species frequencies changed considerably from the first year to the second. Among the 61 species that were recorded in more than five mesoplots, the frequency of 16 species increased and the frequency of 10 species decreased significantly (P<0.05). Most of the decreasing species can be considered as weed species and are not represented in the present indigenous vegetation, while most of the increasing species are. The vegetation change from 2000 to 2001 apparently represents the first steps in a succession towards an ecosystem dominated by species of the indigenous vegetation. 相似文献