共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 625 毫秒
1.
钾对黄土区猕猴桃产量和品质的影响 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
在黄土区土上研究了猕猴桃不同品种及不同量钾肥与产量品质的关系。连续3年试验结果表明,钾在黄土区猕猴桃上有显著的增产效果和经济效益熏平均增产20.2%,产投比大于2.54。施钾能增加果实可溶糖、维生素C含量及果实硬度熏降低果实酸度,增加糖酸比,提高一级果率及单果重,促进叶生长。氯化钾与硫酸钾在增糖降酸、促进叶生长、提高维生素C方面作用相当,硫酸钾在增加果实硬度、一级果率、叶绿素、氨基酸总量及必需氨基酸方面好于氯化钾,高量钾好于低量钾。过量Cl-不利于果树生长及果实品质的改善。从产量、品质及经济效益综合考虑,以硫酸钾和氯化钾按1∶1掺合施用效果较好,N∶P2O5∶K2O大致比例为1∶0.9∶1.3。猕猴桃施肥以撒施耕翻效果较好。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
叶面喷施硼肥对猕猴桃产量及品质的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以"贵长"猕猴桃为试材,研究了不同水平的硼肥对猕猴桃产量及果实品质的影响。结果表明:高水平的硼肥处理易发生硼中毒,降低猕猴桃产量及品质;适宜水平的硼肥能较好地改善猕猴桃品质,提高猕猴桃产量;其中叶面喷施0.3%硼酸钠效果较好,与对照相比,产量提高17.12%,并提高了维生素C含量16.5%、可溶性总糖含量23.40%,降低了可滴定酸含量15.23%,干物质含量增加2.94百分点、粗蛋白质含量增加0.0049μg/g;且能较好地改善猕猴桃外观品质。综合试验结果,可在4—6月份进行叶面喷施0.3%硼肥1~2次来满足果树对硼营养的需求。 相似文献
6.
钾肥用量和施用时期对苹果产量、品质和果园钾素平衡的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《中国果树》2016,(5)
为确定苹果生产中钾肥的合理用量和施用时期,在陕西凤翔、山东栖霞、辽宁盖州开展田间试验,研究钾肥用量和施钾时期对苹果产量、品质的影响。结果表明,在陕西凤翔、山东栖霞、辽宁盖州试验点,苹果树密度分别为1 667、889、833株/hm~2的情况下经济最佳钾用量分别为K_2O577、467、1182 kg/hm~2,最高产量施钾量分别为K_2O 582、491、1 190 kg/hm~2。适量施用氯化钾可提高可溶性固形物含量,增加果实硬度,降低果实酸度。钾用量相同下,氯化钾与硫酸钾对苹果产量和品质影响相当。施钾处理果园钾素均有盈余。陕西钾肥适宜的施用时期是50%钾肥花期施,50%钾肥果实膨大期施;山东和辽宁钾肥适宜施用时期是50%钾肥基施,50%钾肥果实膨大期施。果实硬度与K/Ca比呈负相关,施钾有引起果实缺钙风险,因此施钾肥尤其后期施钾应注意补充钙营养。 相似文献
7.
为探明硫酸钾钙镁肥在辣椒上的施用效果,以辣椒品种‘海椒309’为试材,研究了4种施肥水平对辣椒的生长、品质、产量及土壤养分的影响。结果表明,667 m~2施100 kg硫酸钾钙镁肥处理的平均单果质量达59.9 g,显著高于667 m~2施25 kg硫酸钾钙镁肥处理和对照;果径和果肉方面,667 m~2施肥50 kg硫酸钾钙镁肥处理的效果达到最佳,果实纵横径分别为39.90、0.44 mm,分别比对照提高了5.0%和12.8%;在品质方面,667 m~2施75 kg硫酸钾钙镁肥处理的辣椒维生素C和可溶性糖含量达到最大,分别比对照高出7.6%和20.5%;耐贮性方面,采摘后20 d,施用了硫酸钾钙镁肥的所有处理商品果率均显著高于对照,其中商品果率最高的处理是667 m~2施25 kg硫酸钾钙镁肥,为44.73%,比对照高10.12%;提升土壤养分方面,667 m~2施100 kg硫酸钾钙镁肥处理的土壤交互性钙含量(ω,后同)提高最多,达1 851.3 mg·kg~(-1),高出试验前土壤2.4倍,其他处理土壤养分均有不同程度提高;产量方面,667 m~2施100 kg硫酸钾钙镁肥处理的产量最高,达2 382.00 kg,与对照相比增产23.95%。硫酸钾钙镁肥不仅有助于提高辣椒果实单果质量、果长、果肉厚、维生素C含量和可溶性糖含量,而且对于提高辣椒耐贮性和提升土壤养分含量也有一定作用。 相似文献
8.
9.
为研究海藻酸钠涂膜对乐业红心猕猴桃保鲜的效果,以百色乐业红心猕猴桃为材料,采用不同浓度海藻酸钠对猕猴桃果实进行5min涂膜处理,以蒸馏水浸泡为对照,分别置于室内常温贮藏,探讨海藻酸钠涂膜后猕猴桃果实硬度、可溶性固形物、可溶性蛋白、可滴定酸、维生素C、可溶性糖、丙二醛、脯氨酸等品质指标的变化规律。结果表明:海藻酸钠涂膜处理能够更好地维持猕猴桃的贮藏品质,贮藏至26d时,与对照、3%~5%浓度相比,1%~2%浓度的海藻酸钠处理保鲜效果较好,表现为维持了较高的果实硬度、维生素C、可滴定酸与脯氨酸的含量,有效抑制了可溶性固形物和丙二醛的上升,能够进一步维持猕猴桃果实较好的贮藏品质,延长其货架期。 相似文献
10.
土施硼肥和钾肥对黄冠梨果实品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以9年生黄冠梨为试材,研究在梨果实采收前45天土施硼、钾肥对黄冠梨果实品质的影响。结果表明,株施硼砂0.375 kg、株施硼砂0.250 kg+硫酸钾0.5 kg,黄冠梨的平均单果重显著高于不施肥树;株施硼砂0.375 kg+硫酸钾1.0 kg处理黄冠梨的果实硬度显著高于不施肥树;单施硼肥、单施钾肥和硼钾肥配合施用处理黄冠梨果实可溶性固形物含量与对照无显著差异;单施硼肥、单施钾肥和硼钾肥配合施用处理黄冠梨果实总糖含量均显著高于不施肥树;株施硫酸钾1.5 kg处理黄冠梨的果实总糖含量显著高于3个单施硼肥处理和株施硼砂0.250 kg+硫酸钾1.5 kg处理;不施肥树的果实糖酸比显著高于多数施用硼、钾肥处理。 相似文献
11.
12.
变动气调贮藏保持大久保桃品质的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究了大久保桃在变动气调(Dynamic controlled atmosphere,DCA)、常规气调5%O2+10%CO2(Controlled atmosphere,CA)和普通冷藏(对照)条件下0～1℃贮藏70d及20℃货架3d后果实的生理变化、冷害症状和感官品质。结果表明,与对照相比,DCA和CA贮藏均能有效地减少果实的腐烂和褐变,保持果实硬度,减轻果肉组织伤害,降低果实冷敏感性,提高贮后品质;与CA贮藏相比,DCA处理效果更好。 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
钾肥对黄花梨叶片物质代谢及产量与品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为提高黄花梨产量与品质,以5 a生黄花梨为试材,采用田间试验研究不同钾肥水平对黄花梨叶片物质代谢、果实产量与品质的影响.结果表明:株施K2SO40.27～0.81 kg能显著提高黄花梨叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量和叶绿素总量,不同程度提高叶片游离氨基酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量和降低丙二醛含量;黄花梨产量、果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C和总酸含量分别提高10.57%～9.09%、4.0%～16.2%、6.9%～11.3%、1.8%～11.4%和5.0%～15.5%,硝酸盐含量降低0.4%～3.6%.以中钾处理(株施K2SO40.54kg)效果最好,显著提高了黄花梨叶片叶绿素、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白质含量,显著提高果实硬度、Vc含量、可溶性固形物含量和总酸量,显著降低了叶片丙二醛和果实硝酸盐含量.适宜的钾能促进黄花梨生长发育,提高果实产量和改善品质. 相似文献
16.
不同采收成熟度油桃贮藏效果及果肉细胞超微结构观察 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以秦光2号油桃果实为材料,在0℃贮藏条件下研究了5个采收成熟度果实的贮藏效果及果肉细胞超微结构的变化。结果表明,(1)处理Ⅳ成熟度果实贮藏40d后能保持相对较高的硬度和可溶性固形物,货架期品质好,好果率高,贮藏效果好,为最佳采收成熟度。(2)采收当天的处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ成熟度的果实,果肉细胞的超微结构无明显差异;处理Ⅳ成熟度果实,叶绿体开始变形,细胞外壁开始有少许微纤丝松懈;处理Ⅴ成熟度果实,细胞壁中胶层开始溶解,电子密度降低,出现质壁分离和液泡破损现象。(3)贮藏50d后,不同成熟度的果实,果肉细胞的超微结构都发生明显变化,显示出果肉细胞间隙增大,细胞内含物减少,出现细胞空腔化;细胞壁中胶层降解,细胞壁弯曲或皱缩,质壁分离严重;细胞器变形或降解等现象。 相似文献
17.
Summary‘Reinette du Canada’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), which has been declared a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) product throughout the European Community, is severely affected by bitter pit during storage, but increasing demand for organic produce requires chemical post-harvest treatments to be replaced with organic practices. The objective of this work was to determine the optimum stage of fruit maturity to improve the storability of high quality ‘Reinette du Canada’ apple during storage without applying post-harvest treatments. Seasonal conditions influenced fruit quality and the occurrence of storage disorders in ‘Reinette du Canada’. Harvest maturity also influenced the quality of ‘Reinette du Canada’ apple during storage, with later harvests reducing the development of bitter pit and increasing the soluble solids content:titratable acidity (SSC:TA) ratio. This study suggests that the SSC:TA ratio was a useful parameter for determining the optimum harvest maturity for high acidity, ‘Reinette du Canada’ apple. High quality fruit were obtained after long-term storage when the SSC:TA ratio exceeded 11.0, and fruit firmness at harvest exceeded 90 N. If these thresholds were not achieved, the quality of harvested ‘Reinette du Canada’ apples may not be sufficient to market fruit with the PDO designation. The results of our study also suggested that skin hue angle (hº) measurements may provide a quick and useful index that could replace fruit firmness measurements in the future. 相似文献
18.
钾对黄土区砀山酥梨产量及品质的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
连续４年钾肥试验表明,黄土区砀山酥梨施钾平均增产１９．７%,产投比在３．０以上。钾对酥梨内质及外观有明显的改善。施钾能增加酥梨一级果率,提高可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素Ｃ含量,糖酸比及果实硬度。钾能降低新梢生长量,增加百叶重及叶绿素含量,增大果实,协调果树营养生长和生殖生长的关系。此外,氯化钾有显著降低病虫果率的作用。从产量、品质、果树生长状况及经济效益综合考虑,氯化钾＋硫酸钙处理最佳。因此,酥梨应首选氯化钾,同时要补充硫素营养,Ｎ:Ｐ_２Ｏ_５:Ｋ_２Ｏ的大致比例为１:１:１。 相似文献
19.
SummaryThe aim of this study was primarily to increase the storability of apricot which is normally a very short storage-life stone fruit. Polyamines are well-known to improve the storability of many horticultural crops. The effect of exogenously applied putrescine on the post-harvest storage-life of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) ‘Tokhm-sefid’ fruit at 2°C was therefore investigated. The rate of ethylene production, fresh weight (FW) loss, tissue firmness, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), and the pH of fruit were determined 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 d after the beginning of storage. Overall, the application of putrescine caused a reduction in ethylene production, as well as an increase in fruit flesh firmness. SSC and pH were reduced, and TA was increased in putrescine-treated fruits. The loss of fruit FW was affected by putrescine in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, fruit treated with higher concentrations of putrescine showed lower FW loss. 相似文献
20.
Effect of different concentrations of putrescine on post-harvest life of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) fruit, cultivar Selva at 5 °C was studied. Fruits were immerged in 0.3, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM putrescine as well as distilled water (control) for 5 min, then transferred into the fridge (5 °C) together with untreated fruits (dry treatment). The rate of weight loss, ethylene production, flesh firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity and pH of fruits were determined 5, 9 and 13 days after the beginning of storage. Flesh firmness, appearance, color change and taste of fruits were also determined in the same intervals using a taste panel. Storage life of the strawberry fruits was significantly increased by the use of putrescine, so that the untreated and control fruits had 6 and 8 days storage life, respectively, while the immerged fruits in 1 and 2 mM putrescine were still suitable to be exposed in the market 12 and 14 days after the beginning of storage, respectively. No significant weight losses were observed in treated fruits compared to controls and dry treatment at all determination times. Ethylene production was decreased significantly by the use of putrescine. Untreated fruits (dry treatment) had the highest rate of ethylene production and the lowest rate was occurred in 2 mM putrescine treatment at all determination times (5, 9 and 13 days after the beginning of storage). The use of putrescine also prevented the softening of fruit flesh during the storage and kept their firmness, so that, the 2 mM putrescine treatment caused the highest fruit firmness at all determination times. Distilled water treatment (control) had the lowest fruit firmness 5 and 9 days after storage, while this occurred for the dry treatment 13 days after storage. Soluble solids content, pH and titratable acidity of the fruits were not significantly affected by the use of putrescine, but the highest and lowest rate of titratable acidity were related to the 2 mM putrescine and dry treatment, respectively, at the three determination times. Overall, the quality of fruits was improved by the use of 2 mM putrescine in terms of properties evaluated by the taste panel. 相似文献