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商品有机肥与无机肥料配施对白菜养分吸收、钙含量和产量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以白菜为试材,在黑龙江省阿城白菜种植区进行田间试验,比较单施无机肥料(T1)、有机无机肥料配施(T2)、单施有机肥(T3)、石灰和无机肥(T4)、石灰和有机无机肥配施(T5)及石灰和有机肥(T6)处理白菜地上部养分吸收、体内钙含量和产量的变化。结果表明:有机无机肥料配施有利于白菜增产。T5和T2处理白菜产量最高,分别为57.362t/hm2和56.695t/hm2,分别较T6、T3高26.8%和17.0%。同时,有机无机肥配施有利于促进白菜对氮、磷、钾和钙的吸收,收获期白菜体内钙含量与产量线性相关。施用石灰能促进白菜对钙的吸收,从而达到增产的效果。将商品有机肥与无机肥料配施能提高白菜产量和对养分吸收的能力,是简便易行的增产施肥技术。 相似文献
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有机无机肥配施对大棚黄瓜品质及产量的影响 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
以设施大棚黄瓜为试材,进行了有机肥与无机肥不同配比施用对黄瓜品质、产量和硝酸还原酶活性的影响研究.结果表明:在施氮量相同条件下,有机与无机肥的质量分数比为1:4时效应最佳,黄瓜粗蛋白质含量比不施肥处理、有机肥处理和无机肥处理分别增加4.0%、7.4%和3.1%,维生素C含量分别增加13.1%、17.1%和10.2%.各处理间黄瓜产量差异显著,有机无机肥配施处理中随无机肥所占比例增加黄瓜产量提高,无机肥处理比不施肥处理和有机肥处理分别增产36.0%和19.5%,比有机无机肥配施处理的平均增产14.3%.黄瓜硝酸盐含量随无机肥所占比例增加而降低,达到显著负相关水平,无机肥处理的黄瓜硝酸盐平均含量比不施肥处理和有机肥处理分别降低了24.1%和29.4%,比有机无机肥配施处理的平均含量降低了25.6%.有机无机肥配施对大棚土壤硝态氮含量的影响作用较小.黄瓜叶片硝酸还原酶活性与黄瓜硝酸盐含量呈极显著负相关,随配施肥中无机肥所占比例增加黄瓜叶片硝酸还原酶活性提高,是黄瓜硝酸盐含量降低的重要因素. 相似文献
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为提高蔬菜品质,研究了有机无机肥配施的效果。试验以紫叶莴笋为材料,研究了不同有机无机肥配施对其生长量、品质、产量、效益以及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:与传统施肥相比,将化肥减量,有机肥和无机肥配施后,可提高莴笋种植地块的土壤有机质含量,降低pH,提高莴笋的茎粗、单株质量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、VC含量、产量和经济效益,降低株高和植株硝酸盐含量,从而提高莴笋品质和种植效益。其中以中量有机无机肥配施处理的效果最好。 相似文献
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为了研究化肥减量配施生物有机肥对香蕉产量及品质的影响,为香蕉生产提供科学施肥方案,采用单因素完全随机区组试验设计,以目前海南当地香蕉化肥施肥量(氮300 g、磷120 g、钾600 g)为施肥对照(TK),不施肥为空白对照(CK),比较化肥减量0%(T1)、20%(T2)、40%(T3)、60%(T4)配施生物有机肥6 kg/株对香蕉产量、产量构成因素、品质和经济效益的影响。结果表明,T1~T3处理分别较TK处理产量提高31.98%、26.31%和12.67%,T1和T2处理间产量无显著性差异;T2处理较TK处理显著增加果指长4.13%、果指围6.08%、单果质量10.89%、收获率14.29%。与TK处理相比,化肥减量配施生物有机肥处理均能显著提高果实糖酸比12.60%~30.84%,化肥减量40%以内能显著提高香蕉果实的可食率和维生素C含量,且T2处理显著提高可溶性固形物含量5.50%。与TK处理相比,T1、T2处理总利润分别增加83.09%和69.55%、产投比分别提高12.65个百分点和10.78个百分点。综上可知,化肥减量20%配施生物有机肥6 kg/株有利于协调香蕉产量构成各因素,提高香蕉产量、品质和经济效益。 相似文献
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有机肥和生物炭对设施青菜生产及土壤养分积累利用的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为探明有机肥与生物炭对设施菜地种植及环境效应的影响,利用设施青菜(Brassica chinensis L.)田间小区进行试验,研究了有机肥、化肥单施和配施及添加生物炭对青菜产量和品质以及土壤养分和理化性状的影响。结果表明:与单施化肥处理相比,有机无机肥配施且添加生物炭的处理(T6),土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、可溶性盐含量分别降低了44.22%、25.19%、12.82%、41.97%;土壤有机质含量和pH分别增加了15.35%和7.16%;青菜可溶性糖、维生素C含量分别提高25.35%、8.13%;增产1.46%。有机无机肥配施且添加生物炭能有效改善土壤理化性质,减少化肥用量,促进青菜地上部磷钾养分的累积,提高青菜产量,改善青菜品质;同时减轻了设施菜地土壤盐渍化程度,增加了土壤pH,提高了土壤孔隙度。 相似文献
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有机肥与化肥配施对大棚叶菜产量及品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国瓜菜》2020,(9)
为探索有机肥与化肥配施对咸阳市设施大棚3种叶菜产量和品质的影响,以小白菜、菠菜和生菜为供试材料展开研究,通过综合的数据分析,得出3种叶菜在生产中有机肥与化肥最佳比例。结果表明:有机肥与无机肥配合施用对小白菜、菠菜和生菜的株高、单株质量、最大叶宽以及叶片数等生物学性状都有很好的促进作用。配施40%有机肥提高3种叶菜产量的效果最为显著,与纯施化肥处理相比分别提高了15.31%、16.92%和20.62%,配施有机肥不同程度地提高了3种叶菜的维生素C、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,降低了硝酸盐含量。 相似文献
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The effects of combinations of salinity (no salt, 2000 p.p.m. or 4000 p.p.m. of CaCl2 and NaCl, 1:1) and water table (30 cm, 60 cm or 90 cm from the soil surface), on the vegetative growth and tolerance of ‘Golden Japanese’ plum and ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches were studied. The plants were grown in lysimeters. The growth of the trunk, total shoot length, the increase in shoot length per cm and the fresh weight of top, root and total plant were reduced with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. The effect was accentuated when the plants were maintained at high water table level. The salinity treatments resulted in the death of 43%, 73% and 76% of the plants in the plum, and the ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches, respectively, indicating that the plum is more tolerant to salinity than the peach. The plants of the salinity treatments showed various symptoms of salt injury, such as leaf burn, defoliation, shoot die-back and finally death. In the peaches, salt injury started to occur in the first growing-season, whereas the salt injury appeared in the plum in the second growing-season. The symptoms were more pronounced in the 4000 p.p.m. treatment than in the 2000 p.p.m. treatment and were more pronounced at the high water table level. The salinity level was the predominant factor and the effect of the water table on the vegetative growth diminished with increase in the salinity level of the irrigation water. 相似文献
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AIM：To establish a fast, accurate and economical technique for culturing mouse pulmonary arteriolar smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and to explore the effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs. METHODS：In sterile condition, the pulmonary artery was isolated from the male BALB/c mice by digesting with collagenase I, and the cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum-coated flask. Centrifugal procedure was not used during the cell passage. The cell morphology was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. α-Smooth muscle actin was identified by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. The effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs were detected by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL assay. RESULTS：PASMCs were identified by the methods of immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and observation of morphology. Unlike the rat PASMCs with typical subcultured peak-vally pattern, the mouse PASMCs showed a lot different without a peak-vally pattern. The cells could be subcultured after 5 d to 7 d and there was 3 to 5 generations depending on the activity of the cells. CCK-8 assay demonstrated that the A values of PASMCs exposed to hypoxia increased after 24 h (P＜0.05) as compared with normoxia. TUNEL result showed that the apoptotic index of the PASMCs in hypoxia decreased after 24 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：This technique for obtaining cultured mouse PASMCs is simple, fast, accurate and economical. The digestion time is easy to control. Hypoxia promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of PASMCs. 相似文献
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小檗碱和壳聚糖抗蔬菜病原真菌活性测定及复合膜制备 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了小檗碱和壳聚糖对几种常见蔬菜病原真菌的抑制活性,以及以小檗碱和壳聚糖为主料制备复合膜的方法,并测定了该膜的药物释放效果。试验表明:低浓度(0.234 mg/mL)小檗碱即可抑制辣椒炭疽病菌(Vermicularia capsici)等5种蔬菜病原真菌的生长。20 mg/mL浓度壳聚糖对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑制率高达65%,而对其余4种果蔬病原真菌也有一定的抑制作用。为了集成这2种天然化合物的优点,制备了小檗碱-壳聚糖复合膜,该膜具有缓释功能,在模拟外部环境(磷酸缓冲液,pH 6.8)条件下,20 d小檗碱累计释放率接近25%,提示其在果蔬贮藏抗菌中的应用价值。 相似文献
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Fresh onion seeds desiccated to 6.0% seed moisture content (SMC) were stored in various packaging materials under different storage conditions. Seeds packed in aluminum-laminated pouches beside those stored with silica gel at 25 °C maintained satisfactory germinability and vigour after 12 months. Desiccated seeds stored in moisture impervious containers produced more vigourous seedlings. Germination potential of onion seeds increased with reduced SMC besides storage in moisture impervious packets along with desiccants as physiological and biochemical attributes are regulated. Seed viability and vigour decreased with accelerated ageing due to increased lipid peroxidation, decreased activities of several free radical and peroxide scavenging enzymes. Electrical conductance of seed leachates also increased with ageing. Thus, adoption of appropriate storage temperature and moisture control techniques would significantly affect onion seed quality, which was due to minimum accumulation of free peroxide radicals and enhanced activity of free radical scavenging enzymes. 相似文献
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以大荔县冬枣种植区采集的发病枣果为试材,采用常规组织分离法进行病原菌的分离纯化,通过柯赫氏证病法则、形态学观察及分子生物学分析,研究鉴定了冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病的病原菌种类,并采用田间调查法对2种病害为害特征进行比较分析,以期为田间有效区分冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病为害症状,并快速判断其病原类型,及进一步深入开展精准防控提供参考和指导.结果表明:陕西大荔冬枣黑斑病的病原菌为细极链格孢(Alternaria tenuissima),炭疽病的病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides).2种病害均主要为害枣果实,在枣果果腰或果肩上形成黑褐色病斑,可能同时存在且症状相近极易混淆,但在病斑表面、皮下及久置表型3个方面存在明显区别. 相似文献
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钾肥在小白菜和萝卜上的施用效果 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用盆栽试验方法研究了施用钾肥对小白菜、萝卜生长发育、产量、品质及钾素含量的影响。结果表明 ,施用钾肥对小白菜和水萝卜的株高、叶片数无显著的影响 ,但可提高水萝卜块根的产量 ,提高幅度为 31.0 4 %～ 97.93%。施用钾肥可提高小白菜和萝卜的蛋白质和VC含量 ,降低硝酸盐含量 ,增加植株的钾素含量 相似文献