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1.
为了解西藏半野生小麦粒型性状的QTL差异,以西藏半野生小麦Q1028和郑麦9023(ZM9023)杂交后获得的重组自交系群体为试验材料,于2012、2013和2015年分别在四川农业大学温江试验田种植,对其粒型性状(粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比、籽粒大小)进行遗传分析。结果表明,重组自交系群体粒型性状均呈正态分布,对籽粒大小的影响依次为粒宽、粒厚、粒长。在三个年度环境中,总共检测到33个控制小麦粒长、粒宽、粒厚、籽粒大小和长宽比的QTL位点。其中,13个控制粒长的QTL分布在1B、2B、2D(3个)、3A、4A、5B、6A、6B、7A(3个)染色体上,每个位点对表型变异的贡献率为5.37%~11.57%。6个控制粒宽的QTL分布在2B、2D、4A、5B、6A、7A染色体上,可以解释表型变异的6.43%~12.69%。3个控制粒厚的QTL位于2B和2D(2个)上,表型贡献率分别为12.75%、10.00%和8.49%。9个控制籽粒大小的QTL分别位于2B、2D(2个)、4A、5B、6A、7A(3个)染色体上,单个QTL可解释6.26%~14.69%的表型变异。另外,本研究还在2B、2D、4A、5B、6A、7A染色体上共发现7个QTL富集区,这些染色体上的QTL和富集区与籽粒性状密切相关,在育种中值得关注。其中,2B染色体上XwPt-3561~XwPt-6932分子标记区间内有控制粒长、粒宽、粒厚、籽粒大小的遗传位点,6A染色体上标记wpt-730109与wpt-7063之间有控制增加籽粒宽度和籽粒大小的位点。 相似文献
2.
为完善小麦遗传图谱并对小麦主要品质性状进行QTL定位,以小麦京771和Pm97034及其173个后代重组自交系(RIL)为作图群体,利用906对SSR引物筛选出RIL群体双亲表现多态性的引物270对,多态性频率为29.8%.利用这270对引物对RIL群体进行分析,共检测到184个多态性标记位点,利用其中的129个标记构建小麦分子的遗传连锁图谱.用Mapmaker 3.0和Mapdraw V2.1软件将129个SSR位点绘在小麦遗传连锁图上,该图谱覆盖小麦基因组全长2 106.2 cM,标记间的平均遗传距离为16.32 cM. 相似文献
3.
特大粒水稻材料粒型性状的QTL检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用特大粒粳稻TD70（2011年千粒重达80 g）和籼稻品种Kasalath杂交,经单粒传法获得的240个重组自交系（RIL）为作图群体,分别于2010年和2011年对粒长、粒宽、粒厚性状进行鉴定,用完备区间作图法,以均匀分布于12条染色体的141个SSR标记对粒型性状进行QTL检测。共检测到粒型性状的 QTL 18 个,分布于第2、3、5、7、9和12染色体上。其中,控制粒长的QTL 5个,控制粒宽的QTL 6个,控制粒厚的QTL 7个。两年间均能检测到的QTL有7个,分别为粒长QTL qGL3.1,粒宽QTL qGW2.1、qGW2.2、qGW5.1、qGW5.2,粒厚QTL qGT2.3、qGT3.1;其平均贡献率分别为56.19%、4.42%、29.41%、10.37%、7.61%、21.19%和17.06%。第2染色体RM1347-RM5699区间是粒长、粒宽、粒厚的共同标记区间。第3染色体RM6080-RM6832区间为粒长qGL3.1、粒厚qGT3.1共同标记区间。18 个QTL的增效等位基因均来源于大粒亲本TD70,且增效作用显著。定位的大部分位点包含已报道的精细定位和克隆的主要粒型基因;除第2染色体的qGW2.1（qGT2.1）、qGW2.3、qGL2.2和第12染色体的qGT12等位点已有粒型性状相关报道外,定位的qGT22,qGW9 和qGT9可能是新的QTL。 相似文献
4.
粒形是影响小麦籽粒产量和品质的重要参数,是由多基因控制的复杂数量性状。为发掘控制小麦粒形相关的真实主效数量性状位点(quantitative trait loci, QTL),本研究利用BioMercator 4.2软件,以小麦高密度分子标记遗传图谱为参考图谱,对来自不同遗传作图群体的113个控制小麦粒长的QTL和86个控制粒宽的QTL进行图谱整合、映射以及QTL元分析。通过建立QTL一致性图谱,获得18个控制小麦粒长和8个控制粒宽的一致性QTL(meta quantitative trait loci, MQTL)位点,置信区间最小可达到0.57 cM,主要分布在2B、2D、3A、3B、4B、5A、5B和7D染色体上。在5A染色体Xgwm293～Xgwm304和Xgpw2120～Xgpw2273a标记区间内,预测到7个与小麦粒长和粒宽相关的候选基因。本研究为小麦粒形QTL精细定位以及分子标记辅助选择育种提供理论依据。 相似文献
5.
利用高密度SNP标记定位水稻粒形相关QTL 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《杂交水稻》2015,(5):54-58
以"巨穗稻"R1128与粳稻品种日本晴杂交,构建包含781个单株的F2分离群体,利用高通量测序技术开发高密度SNP标记并构建超高密度的遗传连锁图谱,对水稻粒长、粒宽和粒厚3个性状进行QTL定位分析。共检测到分布于除第1,11,12号染色体以外的9条染色体上的19个粒形相关QTL,其中10个控制粒长,5个控制粒宽,4个控制粒厚,这些QTL中,粒长QTL q GL4-2、q GL7-2、q GL10-2、q GL10-3,粒宽QTL q GW6,粒厚QTL q GT4、q GT8可能为新发现的粒形相关位点。 相似文献
6.
【目的】粒重粒形对水稻的产量和品质均有重要的影响。本研究通过开展水稻粒重粒形QTL的初步定位,并对新鉴定的第1染色体长臂qTGW1.2/qGL1.2区间进行验证,旨在进一步揭示水稻粒重粒形的遗传调控机制。【方法】以大粒的FM9为父本,小粒的EFT为母本,配组衍生遗传群体,先后获得包含277个株系的F2:3群体和211个株系的重组自交系群体（Recombinant Inbred Lines, RILs）,测定千粒重、粒长和粒宽,采用完备区间作图法进行QTL初定位;针对新鉴定的qTGW1.2/qGL1.2区间,筛选2个剩余杂合体单株,自交衍生分离群体,开展QTL效应验证。【结果】初定位分析共检测到35个调控千粒重、粒长和粒宽的QTL,其中,11个能同时在两个群体中被检测到,18个仅在F2:3群体中被检测到,6个仅在RIL群体中被检测到;应用两个剩余杂合体衍生的两套分离群体验证了新鉴定的qTGW1.2/qGL1.2区间对千粒重和粒长的效应,并观察到颖壳细胞长度的显著变化。通过qPCR分析,观察到与细胞周期、生长素代谢和粒形相关基因表达发生了显著变化。【结论】初步定位的35个QTL以及验证的qTGW1.2/qGL1.2有利于进一步揭示水稻粒重粒形的遗传控制基础,也为后续的基因克隆及分子标记辅助选择奠定了基础。 相似文献
7.
为了明确小麦籽粒性状的遗传控制基础,以γ射线诱变结合花药培养创制的大粒、高蛋白小麦新种质H307及生产上主栽品种郑麦9023创建的含有310个株系的重组自交系为实验材料,利用QTL-ICIMapping V3.3软件构建了包含133对SSR标记的遗传连锁图谱,对千粒重、粒长、粒宽、籽粒面积、周长、粗蛋白和淀粉含量进行QTL分析,结果在两年环境条件下共检测到47个加性QTL和10个QTL富集区,其中6个千粒重QTL,分别位于1D、2B、3D、6D和7A染色体上,单个QTL可解释4.54%~13.14%的表型变异;31个粒形QTL,位于1B、1D、2B、3B、3D、5A、5D、6B、6D、7A和7D染色体上,单个QTL可解释2.90%~15.86%的表型变异;10个粗蛋白和淀粉含量QTL,分别位于1A、1B、4B和6A染色体上,单个QTL可解释3.64%~12.19%的表型变异。2B染色体上检测到1个贡献率较大且能稳定表达的重要染色体区段,该区段包含控制小麦千粒重、粒长、粒宽、籽粒面积和周长的10个QTL。1BL染色体上检测到1个控制籽粒粗蛋白含量的微效QTL,对表型的贡献率为3.64%,与连锁分子标记gwm818的遗传距离为0.22cM,该位点是一个不同于前人研究结果的新位点。 相似文献
8.
稻米粒形和垩白度的QTL定位和上位性分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
利用由181个家系组成的Lemont/特青籼粳交重组自交系群体,以及由161个RFLP、SSR标记和3个形态标记构建的全长为1916.5 cM、覆盖水稻基因组12 条染色体的连锁图,采用线性模型的复合区间作图方法（QTLMapper V10）,对粒长、粒宽、长宽比和垩白度等4个稻米品质性状的数量性状座位（QTL）进行了分析。在水稻的所有12 条染色体上共定位到7个加性主效QTL和19对上位性QTL,其中控制粒长、粒宽、长宽比的主效QTL各2个,控制垩白度的QTL 1个,分别解释12.8%、40.0%、26.0%和42.1%的表型变异;共检测到6对影响垩白度、6对影响粒长、7对影响长宽比的上位性QTL,分别解释52.2%、31.3%和38.2% 的表型变异。结果表明,上位性QTL和主效QTL一样在稻米粒形和垩白度的遗传中起着重要的作用。 相似文献
9.
水稻粒宽基因GS5的功能标记开发和单倍型鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
水稻粒宽是影响籽粒粒形的重要因素之一,也是一个与水稻产量和稻米品质密切相关的重要性状。在基因GS5序列分析的基础上,对该基因第2外显子的ACC/CTA和第9外显子A/C的两个变异位点分别开发了功能标记,并将其用于294份水稻微核心种质和2007-2013年江苏省审定的65份粳稻品种的基因型鉴定。研究结果表明,这两个变异位点的等位变异在水稻籽粒的粒长、粒宽和长宽比性状上存在显著或极显著的差异;其在水稻微核心种质中组成的4种单倍型在水稻籼亚种的粒宽、粒厚和长宽比性状上存在极显著的差异,在粳亚种的粒宽和长宽比性状上存在极显著的差异;而江苏省审定的粳稻品种中仅发现Hap1和Hap2两种单倍型,其分别有64个和1个代表性品种。这些研究结果为水稻产量和稻米品质育种中充分利用GS5的优异等位基因或单倍型奠定了基础。 相似文献
10.
基于高密度遗传连锁图谱定位玉米子粒容重及相关性状QTL 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用玉米优良自交系农系531和X178杂交构建的200份RIL群体,基于GBS技术获得SNP标记构建高密度的重组bin遗传连锁图谱,定位控制玉米子粒容重相关QTL。结果表明,构建的物理图谱和遗传图谱的总长度分别为2 017.03 Mb和2 568.99 cM,相邻两个bin标记之间的平均物理距离和平均遗传距离分别为0.27 Mb和0.35 cM。运用所构建的遗传连锁图谱对RIL群体获得的所有目标性状进行连锁作图,两年共定位到4个与子粒容重相关的QTL位点,分别位于chr1、chr7和chr8上;穗部性状穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数和出籽率两年分别共定位到了6、5、5、1、2个QTL位点,位点分布于chr1、chr2、chr3、chr4、chr5、chr7和chr8上。 相似文献
11.
LV Yang WANG Yueying Noushin JAHAN HU Haitao CHEN Ping SHANG Lianguang LIN Haiyan DONG Guojun HU Jiang GAO Zhenyu QIAN Qian ZHANG Yu GUO Longbiao 《水稻科学》2019,26(6):384-392
Excavating single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) significantly associated with rice grain shape and predicting candidate genes through genome-wide association study(GWAS) can provide a theoretical basis for discovery and utilization of excellent genetic resources in rice. Based on 16 352 SNPs, 161 natural indica rice varieties with various grain sizes in southern China were used for GWAS of grain shape-related traits, referring to grain length(GL), grain width(GW), 1000-grain weight(TGW), and grain length/width(GLW). Phenotypic statistics showed that coefficient of variation values for these four traits GL, GW, TGW and GLW were 9.92%, 9.09%, 20.20% and 16.38%, respectively. Each trait showed a normal distribution, and there was a certain correlation between these traits. Through general linear model correlation analysis, a total of 38 significant loci were identified, and a range of 100 kb upstream and downstream of the significant loci was identified as the candidate interval. On chromosome 3, GS3 and q GL3 were found to regulate GL. On chromosome 6, TGW6 and GW6 a were found to regulate TGW. Also, some QTLs related to grain shape were found on chromosomes 5 and 9. Besides that, using sequenced 3 K-germplasm resources, we found that there are 22 overlapped varieties between these two natural populations. Twenty-six SNPs and fourteen haplotypes were identified in five regions of GS3 genes. The detection of multiple candidate genes/QTLs within the candidate interval is beneficial for further excavation of superior rice genetic resources. 相似文献
12.
Jue Lou Liang Chen Gaohong Yue Qiaojun Lou Hanwei Mei Liang Xiong Lijun Luo 《Journal of Cereal Science》2009,50(2):145-151
Grain quality improvement is one of the most important goals in a rice breeding program. An indica variety with small grain size was crossed to a japonica variety with large grain size to construct a set of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) which was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling eight grain quality traits. Based on a linkage map of 185 SSR markers, a total of 16 QTLs were mapped on six chromosomes. A pleiotropic main effect QTL (M-QTL) flanked by RM3204 and RM16 on chromosome 3 influences the grain length (GL), length width ratio (LWR) and head rice ratio (HRR), explaining the phenotypic variation of 46.0, 36.1 and 29.7%, respectively. A total of 18 epistatic QTLs were identified for all the traits except MRR, distributed on all the chromosomes except chromosome 10. Two M-QTLs for GL and one M-QTL for GW were involved in epistatic QTL. No significant interaction between M-QTL or epistatic QTL and environment was detected except AC having significant M-QTL by environment interaction with minor effect. GL and LWR have a significant negative relation with HRR which might make it difficult to develop long grain with higher HRR in the rice breeding practice. 相似文献
13.
14.
不同生态地点下稻米外观品质性状的QTL定位分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
利用两个已测序品种93 11和日本晴为亲本,采取单粒传法创建由190个家系组成的重组自交系群体,并构建了包含178个SSR、CAP和STS标记的遗传连锁图谱。采用复合区间作图方法,在3个不同生态地点(陵水、合肥和怀远)对垩白(垩白率、垩白大小、垩白度)、粒形(粒长、粒宽、长宽比)等6个外观品质的数量性状基因座（QTL)进行了定位分析。共定位到39个QTL,单个性状QTL数目在6~7个,说明垩白和粒形是多基因控制的数量性状。8个QTL可在2个以上地点检测到,其中,两个垩白度相关QTL qCD 1、qCD 3(贡献率分别为288%、321%)在3个地点同时检测到;11个QTL具有一因多效性,单个QTL位点控制的性状为2~6个,如第3染色体RM16-RM143区段控制垩白率、垩白大小、垩白度、粒长、粒宽和长宽比等6个性状。比较3个地点的检测结果,发现外观品质性状的QTL定位都受环境影响,但不同性状受影响的程度不同。长宽比和垩白度受环境影响较小,粒宽受环境影响较大。 相似文献
15.
WEI Xiucai LIU Jindong LIU Licheng LI Yongchao PAN Xiaowu DONG Zheng LIU Wenqiang XIONG Haibo MIN Jun LI Xiaoxiang 《中国水稻科学》1986,34(4):325-331
【Objective】The objective of the study is to identify new genes related to heading date and yield related traits in rice, and to screen the elite rice lines carrying favorable alleles, therefore providing new genes and excellent germplasm for molecular marker-assisted (MAS) breeding.【Method】The multi-parent generation inter-crosses (MAGIC) population MAGIC-Hei was planted in 2017 and 2018 in Changsha, Hunan Province. Genome-wide association analysis was performed to detect the quantitative trait loci associated with heading date, number of tillers per plant, grain number per panicle, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant based on genotyping by sequencing (GBS).【Results】Totally, 26 QTLs that control heading date and yield related traits were identified on all the chromosomes except chromosome 10 in the two years. Of these, 11 are new and qNTP9, associated with the number of effective panicles, was detected in the two years. qNTP9 was less affected by environment and could be used for further fine mapping and gene cloning. Based on the phenotypic and the SNP genotypes five elite lines carrying favorable alleles were selected, which could be used for future high-yielding rice breeding. 【Conclusion】The loci associated with heading date and yield related traits could be used for rice breeding. 相似文献
16.
【Objective】Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) has strong low nitrogen tolerance and is an important germplasm for low nitrogen tolerance improvement. Identification of genes responsible for low nitrogen tolerance in Dongxiang wild rice is of great importance to understand molecular mechanisms of low nitrogen tolerance and develop rice varieties with low nitrogen tolerance. 【Method】Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for plant height and yield traits under low and normal nitrogen conditions was identified using backcrossing recombinant inbred lines (BC1F12) derived from an interspecific cross Xieqingzao B // Dongxiang wild rice/Xieqingzao B and its genetic linkage. 【Result】A total of 57 QTLs were detected in 33 regions on all chromosome, except chromosome 4 and 8. They explained individually 3.17%~63.40% phenotypic variation, and 32 QTLs of them had favorable alleles derived from Dongxiang wild rice. Nineteen QTLs were simultaneously detected under both nitrogen treatments, and 38 QTLs were only identified under single nitrogen treatment, suggesting various genetic mechanisms in rice growth and yield formation under low and normal nitrogen conditions. 【Conclusion】Fourteen QTL clusters, 43 QTLs included, scattered on seven chromosomes, indicating the common genetic-physiological mechanisms behind different traits, and the QTL pyramiding for low nitrogen tolerance can be achieved by molecular marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
17.
QTL mapping for seven quality traits was conducted by using 254 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from a japonica-japonica rice cross of Xiushui 79/C Bao. The seven traits investigated were grain length (GL), grain length to width ratio (LWR), chalk grain rate (CGR), chalkiness degree (CD), gelatinization temperature (GT), amylose content (AC) and gel consistency (GC) of head rice. Three mapping methods employed were composite interval mapping in QTLMapper 2.0 software based on mixed linear model (MCIM), inclusive composite interval mapping in QTL IciMapping 3.0 software based on stepwise regression linear model (ICIM) and multiple interval mapping with regression forward selection in Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5 based on multiple regression analysis (MIMR). Results showed that five QTLs with additive effect (A-QTLs) were detected by all the three methods simultaneously, two by two methods simultaneously, and 23 by only one method. Five A-QTLs were detected by MCIM, nine by ICIM and 28 by MIMR. The contribution rates of single A-QTL ranged from 0.89% to 38.07%. All the QTLs with epistatic effect (E-QTLs) detected by MIMR were not detected by the other two methods. Fourteen pairs of E-QTLs were detected by both MCIM and ICIM, and 142 pairs of E-QTLs were detected by only one method. Twenty-five pairs of E-QTLs were detected by MCIM, 141 pairs by ICIM and four pairs by MIMR. The contribution rates of single pair of E-QTL were from 2.60% to 23.78%. In the Xiu-Bao RIL population, epistatic effect played a major role in the variation of GL and CD, and additive effect was the dominant in the variation of LWR, while both epistatic effect and additive effect had equal importance in the variation of CGR, AC, GT and GC. QTLs detected by two or more methods simultaneously were highly reliable, and could be applied to improve the quality traits in japonica hybrid rice. 相似文献
18.
应用东乡野生稻回交重组自交系分析水稻耐低氮产量相关性状QTL 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的 东乡野生稻低氮耐性强,是水稻耐低氮育种的重要资源。鉴定东乡野生稻耐低氮基因对研究耐低氮遗传机制、培育耐低氮水稻品种具有重要意义。方法 利用协青早B//东乡野生稻/协BBC1F12回交重组自交系及其遗传图谱,应用Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5分析施氮肥和不施氮肥下的株高和产量相关性状QTL。结果 共检测到57个控制株高和产量性状的QTL,分布于10条染色体上的33个区域,单个QTL表型贡献率为3.17%~63.40%,其中32个QTL的增效等位基因来自东乡野生稻。19个QTL在施氮和未施氮条件下均检测到,38个QTL仅在单一环境下检测到显著效应,表明不同施氮水平下水稻性状的遗传机制不同。结论 43个QTL分别聚集于7条染色体上的14个QTL簇,表明不同性状涉及到共同遗传机制,并可通过分子标记辅助选择方法进行耐低氮有利等位基因的聚合育种。 相似文献