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1.
Low temperature plasma (LTP) treatment was applied to wool fabric with the use of a non-polymerizing gas, namely oxygen. After
the LTP treatment, the fabric properties including low-stress mechanical properties, air permeability and thermal properties,
were evaluated. The low-stress mechanical properties were evaluated by means of Kawabata Evaluation System Fabric (KES-F)
revealing that the tensile, shearing, bending, compression and surface properties were altered after the LTP treatment. The
changes in these properties are believed to be related closely to the inter-fiber and inter-yarn frictional force induced
by the LTP. The decrease in the air permeability of the LTP-treated wool fabric was found to be probably due to the plasma
action effect on increasing in the fabric thickness and a change in fabric surface morphology. The change in the thermal properties
of the LTP-treated wool fabric was in good agreement with the above findings and can be attributed to the amount of air trapped
between the yarns and fibers. This study suggested that the LTP treatment can influence the final properties of the wool fabric. 相似文献
2.
In the present study, effect of OPP (oxidized PP) fraction on the mechanical and structural properties of produced fibers
is investigated. Polypropylene powder without antioxidant materials was oxidized at the suitable thermal condition. The various
fractions of OPP were blended with PP in the chips shape, and employed as starting material in a melt spinning machine for
production of filament yarn. Then as-spun filaments were drawn and finally textured. Structural properties including density,
birefringence and FTIR and physical properties consisting of shrinkage, tensile properties and crimp properties were measured.
Results show that blending of OPP with virgin PP reduces tacticity and crystallinity, but it hasn’t any effect on orientation.
Physical properties of drawn yarns and textured yarns were reduced with increasing of OPP fraction. Moreover, increasing of
OPP fraction in blend, reduce crimp properties of textured yarn. 相似文献
3.
《Plant Production Science》2013,16(5):586-591
AbstractBy successive crossing using Hattan-type varieties originating from “Hattanso” as a parent, “Hattan-type varieties” of rice suitable for brewing the original Hiroshima sake have been bred. In this study, the difference in the properties of starch and protein among the Hattan-type varieties was examined. Six Hattan-type varieties, Hattanso, Hattan No.10, Hattan No.35, Hattan No.40, Hattan-nishiki No.1 and Hattan-nishiki No.2, were used. As the properties of starch, amylose content, pasting properties and gelatinization properties were examined. The pasting and gelatinization properties were examined using a rapid viscoanalyzer (RVA) and a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. As the properties of protein, the compositional ratio of two types of protein bodies (PB-II/PB-I) was analyzed. However, no significant differences in the above properties were observed among these Hattan-type varieties. The above properties of starch and protein in Hattanso seem to be retained in all of these varieties. In these varieties, breeding might not have been aimed at improvement of the properties of starch and protein. 相似文献
4.
The mechanical and physical properties of spun yarns and fabrics depend not only on properties of constituent fibers, but also the yarn structure characterized by geometrical arrangement of fibers in the yarn body. Although there are many studies related to analyzing the migratory properties of spun yarns, there are no studies available about predicting yarn migration parameters. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to introduce a new approach to predict migratory properties of different kinds of spun yarns, namely siro, solo, compact and conventional ring-spun yarns. To achieve the objectives of the research, general physical and mechanical properties of spun yarns together with existing standards were thoroughly studied. Spun yarn migratory properties were predicted using intelligent technique of artificial neural network (ANN). Results signified that the ANN models can predict precisely the yarn migratory properties on the basis of a series of yarn physical and mechanical properties. 相似文献
5.
Wheat gluten is an inexpensive protein derived from mill industries with good film forming properties, which allows producing semipermeable membranes able to slow down water migration in foods.The first objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the incorporation of a lipid phase (25 wt%, dry basis) in wheat gluten on the functional properties of the film, such water sorption, surface hydrophilicity, water barrier properties, mechanical properties and thermal properties. The second one was to asses if such incorporation was able to reduce the water sensitivity of film mechanical properties.Findings clearly showed that the incorporation of a lipid phase was able to decrease the water sorption, water affinity (hydrophilicity) and water transfer (≈2 times) of wheat gluten films. Moreover, mechanical properties are also affected by the lipid addition with a decrease in rigidity and, at high aw, an increase in extensibility. However, the sensitivity of the mechanical properties to water was not modified. Lastly, DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) analysis proved that changes in mechanical properties of films as a function of hydration state were the consequence of glass transition depletion, which allowed them to turn from a glassy-like behavior to a rubber-like behavior. 相似文献
6.
David J. Wright 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1983,32(3-4):389-400
Economic and political reasons may make it advantageous to be able to substitute one source of vegetable protein for another. Just how feasible this proposition is will depend to a large extent on the degree of similarity exhibited in the properties of these various proteins. The latter are utilised in food systems for their functional properties, conferring desired processing behaviour or product attributes. These functional properties must in some way be related to the physico-chemical properties of the proteins, which in turn must be a function of their inherent composition and structure. For example, the physico-chemical properties of a protein which might conceivably contribute to a functional property such as solubility, are hydrophobicity, net surface charge and molecular weight. At a more fundamental level these properties can be regarded as functions of the amino acid composition, primary sequence and structure (conformation). Similarities in these basic characteristics of proteins can, therefore, be assumed to imply a similarity in both their physico-chemical and functional properties. To what extent this statement applies to vegetable proteins is considered in this discussion. Soyabean, field bean, and pea are taken as the principle examples and certain aspects of their structural, physico-chemical and functional properties compared. 相似文献
7.
《Plant Production Science》2013,16(1):78-82
AbstractThis study was designed to determine whether or not the difference in the physical properties between white-core and non-white-core kernels of the rice varieties for sake brewing is associated with their starch properties. We used two rice cultivars for sake brewing, Senbon-nishiki and Yamada-nishiki, from three different plots in Hiroshima prefecture. Hardness values of kernels were significantly higher in non-white-core than in white-core kernels in both varieties. Vickers hardness (VH) values were lowest at the center of the kernel in both types of kernels. VH values of white-core tissues of white-core kernels were significantly lower than those of corresponding tissues of non-white-core kernels. No significant differences were observed between the two types of kernels in VH values of the surrounding translucent tissues and in the starch properties (amylose content, pasting properties analyzed using a rapid viscoanalyzer and gelatinization properties analyzed using a differential scanning calorimetry). These results suggest that the difference in physical properties between the two types of kernels of the rice varieties for sake brewing are associated with the difference in structure of endosperm cells and not in starch properties. 相似文献
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甘蔗在中国糖料生产中占重要地位，甘蔗叶是一种储量巨大且亟待开发利用的生物质能源，具有很好的开发利用价值。然而，目前对甘蔗叶生物力学特性方面的研究尚缺乏有效的研究理论与方法。本研究引入新兴的农业生物力学研究理论，结合工程学、生物学、工程力学和工程材料学的基本原理与方法，研究甘蔗叶拉伸力学性能、甘蔗叶剪切力学性能、甘蔗叶力学性能，为研究甘蔗叶的生物力学特性寻找到有效的研究理论与方法，为甘蔗叶粉碎还田、甘蔗叶沼气利用预处理机械，以及甘蔗剥叶、收获等机械的研究开发、优化设计、计算机仿真及智能化提供参考。 相似文献
11.
Mohanapriya Venkataraman Rajesh Mishra V. Subramaniam A. Gnanamani T. S. Subha 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(3):510-518
In this study, the role and impact of silver nanoparticles on industrial sewing threads have been investigated. Study of nanocoating on industrial sewing threads may be useful especially in the areas where skin comes in contact with the garments where anti-bacterial properties may be very useful. Silver particles are considered to have excellent anti bacterial properties. To understand the impact on sewability, investigation was focused to changes at the structural level, changes in physical and surface properties, tensile properties and anti-microbial properties of the nanotreated sewing threads. The structure and morphology of the silver nanoparticles on the sewing threads was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and quantitatively confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). A number of experimental methods and mathematical formulae were used to test individual threads. Custom designed fixtures were used for the study. All the results have been statistically analyzed and found to be significant. The effect of silver nanoparticles on physical properties, functional properties and seam efficiency was illustrated. The difference of the impact of silver nanoparticles on cotton and polyester sewing threads has been compared. It was found that silver nanotreatment leads to a significant reduction of tensile strength. The warp-way seam strength increased where as weft-way seam strength decreased due to damage of yarn. Deformation properties of the threads are not influenced significantly by nanotreatment. The nanotreatment of threads improves its frictional properties significantly. The threads also acquire effective anti-microbial properties with silver nanotreatment. Study of the impact of nanotreatment on the properties of cotton and polyester samples showed a bigger impact on cotton samples than polyester samples. The effect was durable even after several laundering treatments. 相似文献
12.
The effects of ice structuring proteins (ISPs) from white wheat and storage conditions on the water holding capacity (WHC) and breadmaking properties of frozen dough were investigated. The WHC of frozen dough was measured by centrifugation and the breadmaking properties were assessed as proofing time and bread specific volume. It was found that the prolonged frozen storage and freeze–thaw cycles decreased the WHC and breadmaking properties of dough. ISPs were highly effective in increasing the WHC of frozen dough and improving the breadmaking properties. There was a strong correlation between WHC and breadmaking properties (proofing time and bread specific volume) of frozen dough. 相似文献
13.
Mine Akgun 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(2):405-413
The effects of some yarn properties (i.e. type, count, twist level, ply number, unevenness and crimp) and fabric constructional properties (i.e. cover, thickness and balance) on surface roughness values of cotton woven fabrics were investigated. A general overview of the results showed that surface roughness values of fabrics were affected from yarn and fabric properties and the effects were related to fabric balance, fabric cover (not cover factor), fabric thickness and crimp values of yarns in fabric structures. Surface roughness values of fabrics decreased as yarn fineness and yarn twist levels increased but as yarn ply number decreased. Also, surface roughness values gradually decreased from open-end yarn constituting fabrics to combed yarn constituting fabrics. Results showed that different properties of yarns caused changes in yarn crimps in fabric structure and also governed the changes in fabric balance, as well as changes in roughness of fabric surfaces. The changing properties of yarns and impact of these properties on fabric construction affected the formation of cotton fabric surfaces from smooth to coarse. 相似文献
14.
This is a study of the influence of repeated laundering and the use of fabric softener in the context of mechanical properties
of fabrics with respect to textile parameters. In the large competitive market of fabric softener, the fabric softener producers
claim benefits for fabric hand as well as the mechanical properties of textiles. The main aim of this study is to investigate
the influence of ageing and the use of fabric softener on the mechanical properties of textiles during their cradle to grave
life with respect to fibre type, fibre fineness, knitting construction and number of wash cycles. The low stress mechanical
properties were evaluated by means of the Kawabata Evaluation system for fabric (KES-F) and Universal Surface Tester (UST).
The tensile, shear, bending, compression and surface properties and changes in these parameters due to wash-ageing and the
use of fabric softener during laundry were evaluated. These mechanical properties or combinations of them are the deciding
factors for comfort aspects of apparel during wear. Hence, these mechanical properties need to be correlated with the sensory
attributes. In Part I, we examine the change in mechanical parameters due to wash-ageing and the use of softener, while Part
II deals with Fuzzy-Logic modelling to correlate these mechanical parameters with sensory attributes. 相似文献
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16.
Dyeing properties of a series of 4-amino-4′-fluorosulfonylazobenzene disperse dyes on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were
investigated. Build-up properties and color properties on PET were examined. In particular, the 4-aminoazobenzene dyes containing
a nitro group instead of a fluorosulfonyl group at 4′-position were also synthesized in order to compare their dyeing properties
on PET with that of 4′-fluorosulfonyl analogues. 相似文献
17.
Andreja Rudolf Jelka Geršak Anna Ujhelyiova Majda Sfiligoj Smole 《Fibers and Polymers》2007,8(2):212-217
The properties of 100 % PES core-spun threads were studied before and after the sewing process at different stitching speeds,
by determination of the threads tensile force during the sewing process and by changes of the mechanical and thermo-mechanical
properties after the sewing process. This analytical method is especially advantageous when monitoring contemporary thermal
and mechanical effects, as is the case when loading the sewing thread. Loadings during the sewing process cause structural
changes in the thread-twisted fibres. This is confirmed by changes in the thermo-mechanical properties after the sewing process.
Simultaneously, changes in the threads mechanical properties after sewing were also observed. 相似文献
18.
主要研究了四种割胶制度和两种凝固工艺对天然橡胶硫化特性、力学等性能的影响。结果表明,采用乙酸凝固工艺,低刺激强度、高割胶频率对应的生胶具有较高的门尼粘度、良好的硫化特性和静态力学性能;采用微生物凝固工艺,低刺激强度、低割胶频率对应的生胶具有较好的硫化特性,低割胶频率和低刺激强度对应的生胶分别表现出较高的门尼粘度和较好的静态力学性能。采用相同的割制,微生物凝固对应的生胶具有较高的门尼粘度和较好的静态力学性能,但正硫化时间有所缩短,贮存模量（E’）有所降低,玻璃化转变温度（Tg）有所升高。 相似文献
19.
Hybrid yarn was produced by twisting silk with nylon covered lycra yarn. Silk of 20 D in warp and hybrid yarn in weft was woven to develop lustrous woven stretch fabrics for sari blouse. Silk and hybrid yarn fabrics were produced in three different weaves namely plain, crepe and sateen. An in-depth study was carried out to understand the effect of weave on thermal comfort; low stress mechanical properties, total hand value and stretch properties. Nine blouses (3 samples× 3 figures) were constructed from three different woven stretch materials for fit assessment and objective pressure comfort test. The effect of fabric weave, low stress mechanical properties, total hand value and stretch properties on fit and pressure comfort of silk/hybrid yarn stretch fabrics were analyzed. Sateen weave silk/hybrid yarn stretch fabric shows higher total hand value, stretch properties and better thermal comfort properties. Sateen and crepe weave stretch fabrics provided good fit. Sateen weave fabric exerted lower clothing pressure value in the range of 3-12 mmHg at all body locations in standing position and in different postures. 相似文献
20.
The HVI properties and Mantis® single fiber tensile properties were analyzed to evaluate the relationship between fiber and bundle tensile properties. For this study, a new method has been developed for estimating the modulus and toughness of cotton fiber bundles directly from the HVI tenacity-elongation curves. The single fiber tensile properties were shown to be translated well into the bundle tensile properties. The single fiber breaking elongation was found to be the most significant contributing factor to bundle tensile properties. The bundle breaking elongation and toughness were shown to increase as the single fiber breaking elongation increased. The bundle modulus increased as the single fiber breaking elongation and/or standard deviation of single fiber breaking elongation decreased. 相似文献