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1.
Konaté K Souza A Coulibaly AY Meda NT Kiendrebeogo M Lamien-Meda A Millogo-Rasolodimby J Lamidi M Nacoulma OG 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2010,13(22):1092-1098
In this study polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, lipoxygenase (LOX) and Xanthine Oxidase (XO) inhibitory effects of n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of aqueous acetone extracts from S. alba L., S. acuta Burn f and Cienfuegosia digitata Cav. were investigated. The total phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols and total tannins were determined by spectrophotometric methods using Folin-ciocalteu, AlCl3 reagents and tannic acid, respectively. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using three methods: inhibition of free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydramzyl (DPPH), ABTS radical cation decolorization assay and Iron (III) to iron (II) reduction activity (FRAP). For enzymatic activity, lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities were used. This study shows a relationship between polyphenol contents, antioxidant and enzymatic activities. Present results showed that ethyl acetate and dichloromethane fractions elicit the highest polyphenol content, antioxidant and enzymatic activities. 相似文献
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以KM雄性小鼠为研究对象,酵母膏（7.5 g·kg-1）和氧嗪酸钾（250 mg·kg-1）联合给药建立高尿酸血症小鼠模型,探究表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）和维生素C（Vc）联用对高尿酸血症小鼠血尿酸水平的影响。将小鼠随机分为6组（n=6）：空白组、模型组、别嘌呤醇组（阳性药组）、EGCG组、EGCG联合Vc组和Vc组,连续给药7 d后测定生化指标。结果表明,与模型组相比,EGCG联合Vc组小鼠的血尿酸值（UA）,血尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Cr）水平均明显降低（P<0.001）;EGCG与Vc联用明显抑制了肝脏中腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）和黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）的活性（P<0.05或P<0.01）,并显著下调了肾脏中葡萄糖转运蛋白9（GLUT9）mRNA的表达（P<0.001）;肾脏切片显示EGCG和Vc联用显著改善高尿酸血症小鼠的肾脏损伤。此外,EGCG与Vc联用对高尿酸血症小鼠的作用效果优于EGCG。 相似文献
3.
Bangou MJ Kiendrebeogo M Meda NT Coulibaly AY Compaoré M Zeba B Millogo-Rasolodimby J Nacoulma OG 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(2):99-105
The aim of the present study was to evaluate some enzymes inhibitory effects of 11 plant species belonging to 9 families from Burkina Faso. Methanolic extracts were used for their Glutathione-s-transferase (GST), Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Carboxylesterase (CES) and Xanthine Oxidase (XO) inhibitory activities at final concentration of 100 microg mL(-1). The total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins were also determined spectrophotometrically using Folin-Ciocalteu, AlCl3 and ammonium citrate iron reagents, respectively. Among the 11 species tested, the best inhibitory percentages were found with Euphorbia hirta, Sclerocarya birrea and Scoparia dulcis (inhibition > 40%) followed by Annona senegalensis, Annona squamosa, Polygala arenaria and Ceratotheca sesamoides (inhibition > 25%). The best total phenolic and tannin contents were found with S. birrea with 56.10 mg GAE/100 mg extract and 47.75 mg TAE/100 mg extract, respectively. E hirta presented the higher total flavonoids (9.96 mg QE/100 mg extract). It's was found that Sclerocarya birrea has inhibited all enzymes at more than 30% and this activity is correlated to total tannins contents. Contrary to S. birrea, the enzymatic activities of E. hirta and S. dulcis are correlated to total flavonoids contents. Present findings suggest that the methanolic extracts of those plant species are potential inhibitors of GST, AChE, CES and XO and confirm their traditional uses in the treatment of mental disorders, gout, painful inflammations and cardiovascular diseases. 相似文献
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以相同品种的鲜叶加工而成的红茶及其发花红砖茶为原料,在应用氧嗪酸钾成功建立高尿酸血症模型小鼠方法的基础上,将90只KM雄性小鼠按每组10只随机分为正常组、模型组、红茶及发花红砖茶高、中、低剂量组和别嘌呤醇组,连续灌喂14 d,探讨红茶及其发花红砖茶对高尿酸血症模型小鼠的降尿酸作用。结果表明,与模型组相比,给茶各剂量组的体质量、肾脏指数、血尿酸均显著降低(P<0.05),其中发花红砖茶中、高剂量组在降低血尿酸上达到极显著水平(P<0.01);两种茶各剂量组的血尿素氮、血肌酐也均极显著降低(P<0.01),且中、高剂量组的尿尿素氮极显著升高(P<0.01),高剂量组的尿尿酸极显著升高(P<0.01);除红茶低剂量组尿肌酐水平显著升高(P<0.05)之外,其他给茶组的尿肌酐均达到极显著升高(P<0.01);除发花红砖茶中剂量组显著降低黄嘌呤氧化酶和腺苷脱氨酶活性(P<0.05)之外,红茶中剂量组及两种茶高剂量组均能极显著降低这两种酶的活性(P<0.01)。结果表明,红茶及发花红砖茶均可减少尿酸的产生,且发花红砖茶高剂量组在降低血尿酸与升高尿尿酸、尿尿素氮、尿肌酐方面优于红茶,其机制有待进一步探究。 相似文献
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研究红茶提取物对高尿酸血症小鼠血尿酸的影响。将36只雄性KM小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、红茶提取物低、中、高剂量组及别嘌呤醇组。空白组和给茶组连续1周分别灌胃生理盐水和红茶提取物,给茶组第7天造模后1 h给茶;模型组在第7天腹腔注射氧嗪酸钾并灌胃酵母膏造模。测定结果显示:与模型组相比,各给茶组血尿酸(UA)水平均降低;与模型组相比,给茶组血尿素氮(BUN)水平均降低,其中、高剂量给茶组BUN水平显著降低(P0.05),高剂量组差异极显著(P0.01);各给茶组血肌酐(Cr)值与模型组相比极显著下降(P0.001)。高剂量组黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性较模型组显著降低(P0.05),低、中剂量组有一定的抑制作用,但无显著差异。研究表明,红茶提取物对氧嗪酸钾和酵母膏导致的小鼠高尿酸血症有明显的改善作用。 相似文献
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The present study is aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of sulfonylurea drug glimepiride in comparison with Nerium oleander plant extract on insulin, glucose levels and some liver enzymes activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Rats were rendered diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 50 mg kg(-1) body weight streptozotocin. Rats with serum glucose levels > 200 mg dL(-1) were subdivided into three sub-groups: the first sub-group were remained without treatment and considered as diabetics. The second and third subgroups were orally administered 0.1 mg kg(-1) body weight/day glimepiride and 250 mg kg(-1) body weight/day Nerium oleander, respectively for 4 weeks. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats showed hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycemia compared to controls. Strong negative correlation (r = -0.8) was found between serum insulin and glucose levels in diabetic rats. This correlation was +0.4 and -0.3 in glimepiride and Nerium olender-treated rats, respectively implying that glimepiride and plant extract improved insulin and glucose levels with the former was more efficient. The activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats compared to controls. Treatment of diabetic rats with glimepiride or Nerium oleander extract also improved liver enzymes activities. 相似文献
8.
Kandeel M Abdelaziz I Elhabashy N Hegazy H Tolba Y 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(11):627-633
Gentamicin (GS) is a potent antimicrobial exhibiting concentration dependent bacterial killing. A high dose ofgentamicin (10 mg kg(-1)) is required to reach sufficient concentrations in specific fluids as cerebrospinal fluid and to be effective on antibiotics resistant bacteria as well as treatment of acute and dangerous illness. Using a rat model, the renal toxicity and oxidative stress of administering gentamicin (10 mg kg(-1) daily for 7 days) either in a single dose or divided into 2 doses was investigated. The safety of dose regimens was assessed through oxidant-antioxidant parameters as well as renal function tests. Typical renal damage and high oxidative stress were evident in the control group receiving 100 mg kg(-1) gentamicin daily for 7 days. This was verified by high serum urea, uric acid, creatinine as well as increase in the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers as malondialdehyde, NO, total antioxidant capacity and decrease in reduced glutathione level. At any of the used regimen, 10 mg kg(-1) gentamicin did not provide high compromise for renal functions nor significantly increased the oxidative stress and tissue damage. Based on microscopic lesions scores and biochemical analysis, there were no significant differences between single or two divided dosages of gentamicin at dose rate of 10 mg kg(-1) day(-1). Further studies are required for applications in other animals of human subjects. 相似文献
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Various clinical observations and experimental data from in vitro studies suggest that insulin and sex hormones interact. The main purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of testosterone and estradiol on serum insulin in rats. Seven week old male and female albino (Wistar) rats were used in our study. Testosterone enanthate (50 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) or estradiol valerate (200 microg kg(-1) day(-l)) were injected intraperiotenally or subcutaneously in orchidectomised or ovariectomised rats, respectively. In orchidectomised rats, serum insulin was decreased compared with control animals (p < 0.01), on the other hand, decreasing of serum insulin was prevented by testosterone replacement (p < 0.001). In ovariectomised rats, serum insulin was also decreased compared with control group (p < 0.01) and decreasing of serum insulin was prevented by estradiol replacement (p < 0.05). Conclusively, present findings indicated that testosterone or estradiol were serum insulin enhancer hormones in male or female rats, respectively. 相似文献
10.
Anand P Rajakumar D Jeraud M Felix AJ Balasubramanian T 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(3):219-225
The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of oral administration of taurine on endogenous glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and Glutathione Reductase (GR) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) level in normal rats. Normal saline (Group I) or 5% taurine in normal saline was administered in dose of 50 mg (Group II), 250 mg (Group III) or 500 mg kg(-1) of body weight (Group IV) through intragastric intubation for 60 days. GPx and GR enzyme activities and GSH and taurine levels were determined in liver, heart, stomach, kidney and plasma of normal Wistar rats. GPx activity showed an increase in liver, heart, stomach and plasma. GR activity increased in kidney and decreased in liver and plasma. GSH levels increased in liver, stomach and decreased in kidney. Liver showed an increase and heart, stomach and kidney a decrease in taurine level in taurine administered rats when compared to control rats. The results varied from organ to organ and the observed variations among organs might be related to their respective enzymatic, non-enzymatic antioxidant potential and its functions. From the present study it may be concluded that long term oral administration of taurine affects GPx, GR and GSH levels in normal rats. 相似文献
11.
In this study, a simple method with improved properties for Glutamate Dehydrogenase immobilization is proposed by using bacterial cellulosic nanofiberas as a novel and inexpensive biomatrix. Acetobacter xylinum ATCC 10245 has been chosen and cultivated for synthesis of this nanofiber with the diameter of 30-70 nm. Thereafter, Glutamate Dehydrogenase was immobilized into the nanofiber pores in two steps: 1) enzyme adsorption and 2) crosslinking by glutaraldehyde. Optimum pH for the activity of immobilized enzyme and optimum temperature was reported in this work. Also the relative activity of immobilized enzyme was about 38 % in comparison to the enzyme activity of the first day after about two months. Moreover after reusing of the enzyme for 9 cycles, the immobilized enzyme retained over 83 % of its initial activity. Glutamate Dehydrogenase is immobilized on bacterial cellulosic nanofiber for the first time which can affect on facilitation of Glutamate production. Also can be a good method for having a stable and robust immobilized Glutamate Dehydrogenase that can withstand harsh operating conditions in processes which are common in these kind of reactions. 相似文献
12.
Arzi A Namjouyan F Sarahroodi S Khorasgani ZN Macvandi E 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(23):1066-1069
Objective: Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of hydroalcoholic extract of Teucrium Oliverianum were investigated by formalin test model. This study was conducted in on the male Wistar rats, weighting 150-180 g. The animals were divided into seven groups (n = 7) and received 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg kg(-1) of hydroalcoholic extract of teucrium oliverianum intraperitoneally, respectively. Negative control group received normal saline (5 mL kg(-1)) and the positive control groups received 2.5 mg kg(-1) morphine and 300 mg kg(-1) aspirin, intraperitoneally respectively. The results showed that all doses of extract have significant analgesic effect (p < 0.05) in all studies times in comparison with negative control. The best result achieved with 600 mg kg(-1) of extract. The result revealed that the analgesic effect of the extract (600 mg kg(-1)) \was less than aspirin (300 mg kg(-1)) on the second phase of pain and less than morphine (2.5 mg kg(-1)) in both phases of the pain, more than aspirin in first phase of pain. One group of animals was treated with naloxone (1 mg kg(-1), i.p.) and suitable dose of extract (600 mg kg(-1), i.p.). Also, Naloxone inhibited analgesic effect of alcoholic extract of Teucrium Oliverianum. It can be concluded that the alcoholic extract of Teucrium oliverianum may exert its effect through opioid receptors, stimulating GABAergic system or promotes the release of endogenous opipeptides or decreasing free radicals. 相似文献
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通过腹腔注射300 mg·kg-1氧嗪酸钾盐建立小鼠急性高尿酸血症模型,观察儿茶素单体对模型小鼠血清尿酸水平的影响;进一步进行血清、肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性实验和体外XOD抑制试验。结果显示,表儿茶素(EC)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)和表没食子儿茶素(EGC)的灌胃剂量均为600 mg·kg-1时,在体内具有极显著降尿酸的作用,与模型对照组相比分别下降了23%(P0.001)、35%(P0.001)和37%(P0.001);ECG可降低小鼠血清和肝脏XOD活性,分别降低了31%(P0.01)和32%(P0.05);在体外ECG和EGCG具有抑制XOD活性的作用。因此,EC、ECG和EGC具有降低高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸水平的作用,其中ECG的降尿酸效果与抑制小鼠体内XOD活性有关。 相似文献
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This study was conducted to evaluate the changes in serum metabolic factors of over conditioned pregnant rats treated with silymarin in food restriction condition. Sixty pregnant Wistar rats were divided into five equal groups. All rats received high energy diet before treatments. Control group were fed ad libitum (Non-FR). Rats in other groups received 50% of the food intake of Non-FR group and served as food-restricted (FR) groups. Three of five FR groups received 150, 200 and 400 mg kg(-1) silymarin, respectively (FR-150, 200, 400). Another FR group (FR-Con) and the Non-FR group did not receive any silymarin. Glucose, triglyceride, LDL and HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, thyroid hormones and cortisol were measured in serum. All factors were significantly different between groups except free-T4 and T4. Serum glucose concentrations in FR-150 and 200 and Non-FR groups were lower than FR-Con and FR-400. Silymarin significantly increased serum triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and cholesterol contents in FR groups. The highest levels of these factors were noted in 200 mg silymarin-treated group. HDL cholesterol was highest in FR-Con; meanwhile FR-200 group had the lowest HDL cholesterol. Serum cortisol decreased in treated and untreated FR groups except FR-150 group. Free-T3 and T3 concentrations in FR-400 and FR-Con groups were higher than the other silymarin treated groups. In conclusion our results indicate that 200 mg kg(-1) of silymarin in Wistar rats is the best dosage to achieve metabolic benefits. Silymarin has positive effects on lipid metabolism and can modulate serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations in food restriction condition. Also, the present findings suggest that silymarin under food restriction situation exerts a decreasing effect upon peripheral conversion of T4 to T3. 相似文献
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目的观察人参皂苷Rb3对大鼠实验性脑缺血的保护作用。方法建立大鼠结扎双侧颈总动脉伴低血压建立急性不完全性脑缺血模型．计算脑指数及脑含水量,测定血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活力及血清丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）含量,同时测定脑组织SOD、钠-钾-ATP酶（Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase）、钙-镁-ATP酶（Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase）活力及MDA含量。结果人参皂苷Rb14、28mg／kg可明显降低脑指数及脑含水量,亦能降低血清和脑组织MDA、NO含量及NOS活性,提高SOD、Na^＋-K^＋-ATPa8e和Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase活力。结论人参皂苷Rb3对大鼠实验性脑缺血具有明显保护作用,可能通过抑制脂质过氧化反应,提高抗氧化酶活性,改善细胞能量代谢等环节实现的。 相似文献
16.
Ekaluo UB Udoh PB Ikpeme EV Udensi O 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(14):752-754
Effect of soybean (Glycine max) on serum level of some sex hormones: testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone/interstitial cell stimulating hormone (LH/ICSH), estradiol and prolactin in male rats was investigated. Twenty male albino rats of 12 weeks old with similar body weights were assigned to four groups of 5 rats each and treatment with soybean meal at 100, 200 and 300 mg kg(-1) body weight, respectively daily for 8 weeks. Blood samples collected through cardiac puncture were assayed for levels of hormones. There were dose-dependent effects of the soybean meal on the serum concentration of the hormones. The treatment significantly reduced the levels of testosterone and FSH in the serum while it significantly increased the levels of estradiol, LH/ICSH and prolactin. The results show that soybean (Glycine max) had strong capability to disrupt hormonal functions. Hence, its indiscriminate use could increase the risk of infertility in males. 相似文献
17.
Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi Reza Amini Zahra Jahanbakhsh Shahnaz Shekarforoush 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2013,17(3):152-157
Background: It is well known that the development of brain oxidative stress is one of the most serious complications of arterial hypertension that evokes brain tissue damage. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of atorvastatin treatment (20 mg/kg/day), as an antioxidant, to prevent the brain tissue oxidative stress in the hypertensive (HTN) rats. Methods: Experiments were performed in four groups of rats (n = 5 each group): sham, sham-treated, HTN and HTN treated. Rats were made HTN by aortic constriction above the renal arteries. After 30 days, rats were slaughtered under deep anesthesia to remove brain hemispheres. After tissue homogenization, enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as glutathione (GSH) content and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were determined by biochemical methods. Results: In HTN rats, arterial blood pressure was increased about 40% and brain enzyme activities of SOD and CAT were significantly decreased compared with sham group. Induction of hypertension significantly decreased GSH content and increased MDA level of brain tissue. Treatment with atorvastatin enhanced the activity of SOD and prevented from GSH decrement during hypertension. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, treatment with atorvastatin might have saved the brain tissue of HTN rats from hypertension-induced oxidative stress. Key Words: Atorvastatin, Aortic coarctation, Oxidative stress, Hypertension 相似文献
18.
Antioxidant Role of Oleuropein on Midbrain and Dopaminergic Neurons of Substantia Nigra in Aged Rats
Maryam Sarbishegi Fereshteh Mehraein Mansooreh Soleimani 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2014,18(1):16-22
Background: Oleuropein is a phenolic compound which is present in the olive leaf extract. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of oleuropein as an antioxidant agent on the substantia nigra in aged rats. Methods: Twenty 18-month-old Wistar rats (450-550 g) were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received a daily single dose of 50 mg/kg of oleuropein by oral gavage for 6 months. The control group received only distilled water. All rats were sacrificed two hours after the last gavage and the brains were removed and midbrains were cut. One part of the midbrains were homogenized and centrifuged. The tissue supernatant was assayed for lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzyme activities. The other part of midbrains fixed and embedded in paraffin, then processed for Nissl and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Data was analyzed using SPSS by t-test. Differences were considered significant for P<0.05. Results: The level of LPO in midbrain of the rats was decreased significantly in the experimental group, but superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were increased in experimental group compared to control group (P<0.05). Morphometric analyses showed significantly that the experimental group had more neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) either in Nissl or IHC staining when compared to control (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that treatment of the old rats with oleuropein reduces the oxidative damage in SNc by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities. Key Words: Oleuropein, Aging, Dopaminergic neurons, Substantia nigra 相似文献
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This study was conducted to identify and to compare the mitochondrial morphological alterations in livers of rats treated with various doses of diclofenac and ibuprofen. Hundred and forty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were dosed with 3, 5 and 10 mg kg(-1) diclofenac and ibuprofen in saline via intraperitoneal injection for 15 days. The control group was administered with saline in a similar manner. Four rats were euthanised every 3 days until day 15. While 200 mg kg(-1) diclofenac and ibuprofen-treated rats (n = 4) were euthanized 10 h posttreatment. The livers were removed, cleaned and a section across the right lobe was taken and fixed in 4% (v/v) glutaraldehyde for electron microscopy analysis and the remaining samples were kept at -80 degrees C for Western blot analysis. Five milligram per kilogram and 10 mg kg(-1) diclofenac-administered rats for 15 days revealed the presence of enlarged mitochondria, irregular and ruptured mitochondrial membranes. While rats administered with 10 mg kg(-1) ibuprofen also showed the presence of mitochondria with irregular membrane structure and ruptured membranes. Western blotting analysis of mitochondrial fractions revealed the expression of cytochrome c in all samples and complete absence of cytochrome c expression in the cytosolic fraction of all samples after day 15. Analysis in 200 mg kg(-1) diclofenac and ibuprofen-treated groups, revealed expression of cytochrome c in both mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions. This observation indicates that both diclofenac and ibuprofen may alter the morphology of mitochondria, leading to cytochrome c release into the cytosol. Further studies needs to be conducted to investigate on the activity of the mitochondria following both treatments. 相似文献