共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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我国从20世纪50年代开始研制苎麻剥制机械，相继在生产上推广了一批手工刮麻器和动力剥麻机，极大地促进了我国麻类生产的发展。但至今为止，在我国麻类生产机械研究与推广领域尚无标准可依，给研制和推广苎麻剥麻机械带来很大影响，严重阻碍了麻类机械的研究和应用。 相似文献
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我国是世界上麻类生产、贸易大国.目前我国麻类生产加工中存在的主要问题质量监控检测体系不健全,原料市场较乱,良种区域化程度低,初加工技术落后,麻纺织加工水平低.所以加强麻类质量监督检测体系建设,提高类麻检测手段,规范市场行为,加强优质育种,实行良种区域化,采用先进的加工技术,加强横向联合等是提高我国麻类生产质量水平和市场竞争力的主要对策. 相似文献
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麻类作物是重要的特色经济作物,为高端纺织、食品医药、生物材料等领域提供重要工业原料,持续加强麻类产业科技创新对我国农业农村现代化建设具有重要意义。针对新时期麻类产业发展承担的新职能,文章梳理了近年来我国麻类产业技术研发重要进展,分析了麻类产业发展面临的新挑战,并结合新兴技术研发态势,提出了我国麻类产业科技创新的重点任务。研究建议：新时期我国麻类产业科技创新应进一步夯实种质资源研究,推进现代生物育种技术应用;加快抗逆丰产技术创新,在盐旱渍涝污染等边际土地中拓展种植空间;研发全产业链绿色低碳技术,促进麻类生产高产高质高效;创新加强麻类新材料创制,带动麻类产业创新发展,赋能粮食安全与重要农产品有效供给。 相似文献
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我国麻类作物生产现状与发展趋势 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本文比较全面地分析了世界及我国麻类产业的发展概况,探讨了影响我国麻类种植业发展的瓶颈问题,提出了发展趋势.以期达成共识促进麻类产业的健康发展. 相似文献
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麻类所麻类育种五十年 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文全面回顾了麻类研究所麻类育种工作五十年的历程,较为详尽地阐明了麻类育种工作开展的过程.五十年的麻类育种工作经历了资源的收集整理和评价、鉴定与利用,常规育种技术运用和现代高新技术的引入.基本形成了我国麻类育种技术和新品种选育及配套技术推广应用体系.先后收集和整理麻类资源近万余份.选育出新品种30余个,在生产上发挥了重要作用.其中红麻品种"7804"、苎麻品种"圆叶青"和"中苎1号"及黄麻品种"湘黄麻1号"等品种在生产上大面积推广利用,取得了社会经济效益近100亿元.选育了亚麻品种中亚麻1号,结束了我国南方没有自育亚麻品种的历史.现代的麻类育种向多元化育种目标发展,为麻类的不同用途选育出专用品种. 相似文献
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回顾了国内外麻类收获机械的研究历程和现状,分析了存在的问题及原因,提出了今后我国麻类收获机械的发展对策. 相似文献
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本文介绍了我国麻类行业总体格局及产业链的特征,特别讨论了亚麻产业:外贸依存度高,"两头在外",深加工环节发展不足;产业链呈现高度的动态性和不稳定性,易受到国内外环境影响.从产业链的各个环节分析了我国麻类产业链的现状问题.并提出协调发展麻类产业链的相关对策和建议. 相似文献
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In many engineering applications, the final decision is based on the evaluation of a number of alternatives in terms of a
number of criteria. This problem may become very intricate when the selection criteria are expressed in terms of different
units or the pertinent data are difficult to be quantified. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is an effective way in dealing
with such kind of complicated problems. Cotton fiber is selected or graded, in the spinning industries, based on several quality
criteria. However, the existing selection or grading method based on Fiber quality Index (FqI) is rather crude and ambiguous.
This paper presents a novel approach of cotton fiber selection using the AHP methodology of Multi Criteria Decision Making. 相似文献
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Kirsten vom Brocke Gilles Trouche Eva Weltzien Clarisse P. Barro-Kondombo Eric Gozé Jacques Chantereau 《Field Crops Research》2010
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is the staple crop of Burkina Faso in West Africa where guinea race landraces are grown in low-input cropping systems. National and international breeding programs have had little success in disseminating modern varieties based on high yield potential caudatum or kafir race breeding materials, mostly introduced from other countries. It has been argued that the breeding objectives were not sufficiently oriented towards the farmers’ needs and preferences, and that they did not target the prevailing growing conditions of Burkina Faso. The objectives of the present article are (i) to identify and examine farmers’ selection criteria for sorghum varieties in the Centre-West of Burkina Faso, (ii) to compare these criteria with the breeder's agronomic observations and standard practices, and (iii) to show how the criteria of both farmers and breeders can be effectively integrated into the early stages of a pedigree breeding program. These objectives take into consideration gender differentiation, consistency of selection criteria and the interrelationship of measured quantitative traits, as well as the impact of these traits and criteria on the final selection. The present paper is based on a pedigree breeding program that was carried out over three years (2001–2003) in two villages of Burkina Faso. Options for integrating farmers’ selection expertise with that of the breeders’ were examined. Participatory selection was initiated with 53 F3/F4 progenies in field trials managed by farmers using rating and voting exercises. The breeders measured and analysed the agronomic data while the farmers evaluated a large number of progenies by means of their three most important selection criteria and a general appreciation. Farmers’ initial choices remained consistent in the selection exercises (voting) performed in subsequent years. The farmers’ methods for defining traits turned out to be more multivariate than the breeders’ formal understanding of these same traits. This was especially so for the criteria of grain quality, earliness, and productivity for which the farmers’ definition encompasses factors such as flour yield and stability across environments. However, rating results between farmer groups were variable. A disagreement between female and male ratings was especially found for the grain quality traits. The results clearly show that farmers can effectively select for traits on the basis of progeny and single plants while pursuing specific agronomic aims such as adaption. Subsequent yield improvement schemes will thus be more efficient in terms of selection intensity related to grain yield. The study is showing the way for breeders to adjust their selection criteria to suit the basic needs of small-scale farmer in semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa. 相似文献
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通过分析目前三亚旅游文化品牌发展现状和存在问题，为找出三亚城市文化下一步发展的对策打下基础。 相似文献
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改革开放后,越来越多的中国人走出国门,来到非洲发展。在一个全然陌生的地方,由于准备不充分,给自己带来了一些不必要的麻烦。本文通过鲜活的例子,告诫那些已经或即将走进非洲工作的中国人需要解决的几个问题,以便在非洲获得健康发展。 相似文献
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通过对近10年潍坊市花生播种面积、产量和分布情况,以及花生生产中遇到的黄曲霉毒素、重金属、农药等污染问题进行分析,确立潍坊市当前花生生产现状和生产中存在的安全问题,并提出解决问题的对策与途径。 相似文献
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Social and economic factors both affect and are impacted by pest problems and pest-control efforts. Thus, socioeconomic criteria must be met in order for a new pest-management technique to be judged a feasible alternative to current practices. This article reviews the objectives and methods for meeting and evaluating socioeconomic criteria for pest-management programmes. Economists, sociologists and other social scientists can provide valuable input to the justification, development, and evaluation of improved pest-management techniques by contributing in an interdisciplinary setting to all stages of a pest-management programme, from planning to implementation. A range of methodology, including surveys, monitoring, budgeting, simulation of economic conditions, mathematical programming, risk analysis, on-farm demonstration, and adoption research, are available for achieving this. Particular attention needs to be given to the perceptions, needs and objectives, and resources of the target pest-management user group. The socioeconomic factors important to pest management in developed regions of the world may differ from those requiring consideration in less-developed regions. 相似文献
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牡丹江地区水稻优质米生产现状及对策 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
针对牡丹江地区水稻品种多、乱、杂,越区种植现象普遍的现状,分析了优质米生产过程中存在的诸多问题,如优质品种少且缺乏规划、栽培技术不配套、产业化经营困难多、大米加工企业规模小等。提出生产规划及原则、围绕市场发展优质米产业化体系、推广配套技术、做好品种搭配与布局等一系列对策,从而更好地推进水稻品种的区域化、规模化生产。 相似文献
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A number of recent studies have debated the existence and nature of clocks outside the suprachiasmatic nucleus that may underlie
circadian rhythms in conditions of food entrainment or methamphetamine administration. These papers claim that either the
canonical clock genes, or the circuitry in the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus, may not be necessary for these forms
of entrainment. In this paper, we review the evidence necessary to make these claims. In particular, we point out that it
is necessary to remove classical conditioning stimuli and interval timer (homeostatic) effects to insure that the remaining
entrainment is due to a circadian oscillator. None of these studies appears to meet these criteria for demonstrating circadian
entrainment under these conditions. Our own studies, which were discussed in detail by a recent Review in these pages by Mistlberger
and colleagues, came to an opposite conclusion. However, our studies were designed to meet these criteria, and we believe
that these methodological differences explain why we find that canonical clock gene Bmal1 and the integrity of the dorsomedial nucleus are both required to produce true circadian entrainment under conditions of
restricted feeding. 相似文献
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针对园林模型制作课程教学中存在的问题,提出教学改革措施,并进一步阐述园林模型制作课程与园林专业基础课结合,相互渗透的意义。 相似文献