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1.
The development of green super rice varieties with improved nutrient use efficiency(NuUE)is a vital target area to increase yield and make it more stable under rainfed conditions.In the present study, we followed an early backcross(BC) breeding approach by using a highyielding and widely adapted Xian variety, Weed Tolerant Rice 1(WTR-1), as a recipient and a Geng variety, Hao-An-Nong(HAN), as a donor.Starting from the BC1F2 generation, the BC population went through one generation of selection under irrigated, low-input, and rainfed conditions, followed by four consecutive generations of screening and selection for high grain yield(GY) under six different nutrient conditions(NPK, 75 N,-N,-P,-NP, and-NPK), leading to the development of 230 BC1F6 introgression lines(ILs).These 230 ILs were evaluated under the same six nutrient conditions for 13 agro-morphological and grain yield component traits in comparison to four checks and parents.Significant trait variations were observed between the treatments and ILs.Positive correlations were identified for GY with biomass, panicle length, flag-leaf area, flag-leaf width, filled grain number per panicle,1000-grain weight, and tiller number under-N,-P,-NP, and-NPK conditions.Out of 230 ILs,12 were identified as promising under two or more nutrient deficiency conditions.The results demonstrated an efficient inter-subspecific BC breeding procedure with a first round of selection under rainfed-drought conditions, followed by four generations of progeny testing for yield performance under six nutrient conditions.The promising ILs can be useful resources for molecular genetic dissection and understanding the physiological mechanisms of NuUE.  相似文献   

2.
分子标记辅助选择改良C418对红莲型粳稻不育系的恢复力   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
【目的】高效选育红莲型(Honglian,HL)粳稻恢复系有助于HL型杂交粳稻育种,对促进三系杂交粳稻的发展具有重要的意义。【方法】Rf6是一个HL型恢复基因,来源于HL型籼稻强恢复系9311。前期研究中,在以9311为供体、日本晴为受体的一套染色体片段代换系中鉴定出携带Rf6的株系R1093。本研究利用R1093与BT型粳稻恢复系C418(携带Rf1)杂交,通过常规回交育种结合分子标记辅助选择技术,将Rf6导入C418中,进行Rf6与Rf1聚合育种;利用BT型、HL型六千辛A进行测交鉴定改良系的恢复力。【结果】共获得12个BC3F4株系和55个BC4F3株系,其中6个改良系的农艺性状已基本接近C418;测交鉴定结果表明聚合Rf6的改良系对HL型粳稻不育系的恢复度达到85%以上,可应用于水稻生产;对BT型粳稻不育系的恢复度提升效果不显著。【结论】聚合Rf6能有效改良BT型粳稻恢复系对HL型粳稻不育系恢复力,是选育HL型粳稻恢复系的一条重要途径。  相似文献   

3.
Clubroot is a prevailing soil-borne disease affecting rapeseed production worldwide.However,few clubroot resistant rapeseed accessions were available for breeding.Identification and introgression of new clubroot resistant genes from closely related species by distant hybridization is an effective strategy.In the present study,9 radish(Raphanus sativus L.,2n=18,RR)lines resistant to Plasmodiophora brassicae pathotype 4 were used as donors to transfer clubroot resistance into a susceptible rapeseed(Brassica napus L.,2n=38,AACC)line by distant hybridization combined with embryo rescue.Nine intergeneric crosses were made but only 1(411×93039)produced F1 plants both from embryo rescue and natural seed-setting.Authenticity of triploid F1 hybrids(2n=28,ACR)were verified by flower color,cytological observation and molecular marker analysis,and 2 genuine F1 hybrids were identified.After chromosome doubling,these synthetic allohexaploid plants(2n=56,AACCRR)became partially fertile(pollen viability rate=35%)and were backcrossed with rapeseed parent to generate a BC1 population(2n=47,AACCR).Totally 178 BC1 plants were obtained,of which the majority(96.1%)were resistant to clubroot.These backcrossing progenies could be used for the breeding of new rapeseed varieties resistant to clubroot.  相似文献   

4.
【目的】本研究旨在定位一个稻米垩白粒率高温耐性QTL,为外观品质育种及解析垩白粒率高温耐性的遗传机制提供依据。【方法】以非洲栽培稻耐热品种IRGC102309(Oryza glaberrima Steud.)和籼稻品种R9311(O. sativa L. subsp. indica Kato.)为亲本构建的栽培稻种间染色体片段导入系CSIL05-23为材料构建次级分离群体,结合人工气候室模拟灌浆期高温胁迫处理,采用垩白粒率高温钝感值为评价指标,对非洲栽培稻垩白粒率高温耐性 QTL 进行检测。【结果】 在BC6F2分离群体,利用单标记分析,发现第5染色体上的SSR标记RM1200与垩白粒率耐热性状极显著正相关（P=0.0005）。进一步利用BC6F3和BC6F4分离群体,采用QTL Cartographer 2.5软件和复合区间作图法在水稻第5染色体上的SSR标记RM1200-RM5796区间重复检测到一个灌浆期垩白粒率耐热性QTL, 命名为qHTCGR5,分别解释11.4%和17.5%表型变异。根据BC6F4分离群体的纯合重组体表型分组,利用置换作图方法将目标QTL同样定位在SSR标记RM1200-RM5796之间,遗传图距为1.3 cM,物理图距约为333.4 kb。【结论】 控制垩白粒率耐热性的qHTCGR5是一个能够用于稻米外观品质育种的新QTL。  相似文献   

5.
为了提高花生品质性状优势组合的选育效率,以5个花生材料为亲本,采用Griffing完全双列杂交配制20个组合,分析花生籽仁中粗脂肪含量、粗蛋白含量、蔗糖含量和脂肪酸组分等10个性状的配合力和遗传参数。配合力效应分析表明,豫花132（W191）的粗脂肪、硬脂酸、亚油酸、花生酸和山嵛酸含量等性状的一般配合力效应值最大,冀花甜1号（JT1）的蔗糖和粗蛋白含量的一般配合力效应值最大,而高油酸品种WT08-0937（DF15）的油酸和花生一烯酸含量的一般配合力效应值最大。遗传协方差Wr对阵列方差Vr的回归分析结果表明,粗脂肪、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、花生酸和山嵛酸这7个性状基本适合“加性-显性”遗传模型,它们的遗传主要是以加性效应为主,显性效应较小且表现部分显性。对所有子代的10个性状进行主成分分析,前2个主成分Dim1和Dim2的累计贡献率达88.6%,结果显示粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量和蔗糖含量呈负相关,粗脂肪含量与棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸和花生一烯酸含量相关性较弱。本研究为花生育种中的亲本选配和后代选择提供了一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

6.
不同水分条件下小麦生理性状与产量的灰色关联度分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
为了解干旱胁迫条件下小麦冠层温度、旗叶光合性状的变化特点及其对产量的影响,以小麦回交导入系(IL)群体[(鲁麦14×晋麦47)×鲁麦14]BC3F5代的160个株系及其亲本为材料,分析了雨养和灌溉条件下,开花期和灌浆期冠层温度、冠气温差、旗叶叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光动力学参数等性状的相关性以及不同性状与产量的灰色关联度。结果表明,在两种水分条件下IL群体多数性状表现超双亲,性状变异系数为1.19%～48.30%,性状均值偏向轮回亲本鲁麦14;雨养条件下抗旱亲本晋麦47的冠层温度及叶绿素荧光动力学参数比水地品种鲁麦14表现稳定,IL群体的性状稳定性(D值)超过轮回亲本。两种水分条件下,荧光动力学参数之间相关性表现复杂,Fv与Fm、Fo/Fm与Fv/Fm之间相关性最高,相关系数大于0.991。灰色关联度分析结果表明,两个发育时期的Fv/Fm和灌浆期的冠层温度对产量的影响较大,可以作为选择抗旱高光效小麦的重要评价指标。  相似文献   

7.
利用广谱抗稻瘟病基因Pi9的3'UTR序列设计特异DNA标记pi9utr,通过分子标记辅助选择和连续回交育种实践,改良7份籼稻亲本(316B、金23B、R207、R228、R288、R389、明恢86)的稻瘟病抗性。结果表明:pi9utr是一个高效显性分子标记,除R207外,在其余6份受体亲本与Pi9供体亲本75-1-127间均存在明显而稳定的多态;在室内接种后的316B×75-1-127 BC4F1群体和R288×775-1-127 BC6F1群体中随机取样,进行稻瘟病抗性表型和基因型鉴定及Pi9基因表达分析,证明pi9utr对两个组合回交后代个体的抗病性辅助选择效率均为100%,且在所有抗病单株中均能检测到Pi9基因的高效表达,在所有感病单株中均没有检测到Pi9基因的表达。利用pi9utr在回交世代中的连续辅助选择,获得了3个组合的BC4F1及3个组合的BC6F2代群体,为选育抗稻瘟病新品种打下了基础。  相似文献   

8.
为了给小麦重要农艺性状的QTL精细定位及克隆奠定基础,对14个从Am3/莱州953(轮回亲本)BC4F4代选出的性状表现与莱州953有明显差异的导入系的8个农艺性状进行了分析,结果表明,每个导入系有2～7个性状与莱州953差异显著,在每一个性状上都有对农艺性状具有正向效应的位点.利用143对在亲本之间具有多态性的SSR标记对导入系含有的供体片段进行了检测,其中54对引物在14个导入系中检测到了供体片段,每一个导入系中检测到3～15个纯合供体片段及0～4个杂合片段,占受体基因组的1.7%～14.2%,平均为7.48%.利用其中10个导入系与轮回亲本莱州953杂交的F2群体进行了单片段代换系的选择,从10个导入系的F2中检测到40个供体片段,并从F2群体中选出了22个单片段代换系.这些导入系及其单片段代换系可用于有益的QTL的发掘、QTL精细定位与作图等研究.  相似文献   

9.
属间杂交获得的甘蓝型油菜雄性不育材料的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用蕾期剥蕾授粉的方法,成功获得了新疆野生油菜野油2000-1和甘蓝型油菜Parol属间杂种。杂种F1育性极低,自由授粉条件下获得少量F2种子。在F2群体中成功选择到一株雄性不育株,用Parol做轮回亲本与不育株回交,BC1、BC2和BC3群体中可育株与不育株均呈1﹕1分离。用波里马细胞质雄性不育的保持系和恢复系、681A的保持系和恢复系、隐性核不育86A的保持系及其它33个甘蓝型油菜品系与BC2群体中的不育株测交,测交后代可育株与不育株呈5﹕3分离的组合有20个,呈1﹕1分离的组合有14个,呈3﹕1分离的组合有3个,有一个组合的后代完全可育,表明该雄性不育材料可能为显性核不育。  相似文献   

10.
油酸含量提高,一方面可以有效降低棕榈酸的含量,减少对人体心脑血管等的危害,另一方面可以显著提高货架期。为培育专门食用型高油酸花生品种,本研究以优异花生品种花育23为母本,高油酸材料DF12为父本进行杂交,利用分子标记辅助选择方法对自交后代进行检测,对油酸含量稳定的高油酸新种质进行田间农艺性状,荚果外观品质,以及籽仁营养品质指标进行分析,获得了含油量为49.95%,油酸含量81.3%,蛋白含量为26.1%,总糖含量为6.01%以及荚果外观品质符合食用型花生要求的食用型高油酸花生新种质,这为高油酸食用花生提供了育种材料。  相似文献   

11.
转基因小麦与普通小麦杂交后代中稳定株系的筛选   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为了给小麦品质改良提供优异的种质,以小麦转1Dx5和1Ax1基因品系为父本,以长江中下游冬麦区小麦栽培品种为母本配制杂交组合,获得BC1F1、BC1F2、BC1F3和BC1F4代.在各杂交后代中,采用系谱选择法结合SDS-PAGE检测技术,鉴定各系的HMW-GS组成,获得了多个外源1Dx5或1Ax1基因稳定超表达的小麦新型纯系.  相似文献   

12.
The fatty acid profile and the fatty acid composition of microbial lipids obtained from molds revealed that oil from Aspergillus sydowii, Fusarium oxysporum and F. equisetti had a high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids, particularly oleic acid, and had a similarity to the edible oils, groundnut and palm oil. This study sheds light on the possibilities of exploring the use of these oils as supplement to other edible fats and for other non-edible industrial purposes.  相似文献   

13.
分子标记辅助选择改良武育粳3号的条纹叶枯病抗性   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
 在对抗水稻条纹叶枯病品种Dular进行抗性基因定位的基础上,以它为抗性供体亲本,武育粳3号为抗性受体亲本,通过杂交和回交,从BC1F1开始利用与条纹叶枯病抗性QTL qSTV 11b和 qSTV 11c 紧密连锁的4个分子标记进行辅助选择,改良武育粳3号的条纹叶枯病抗性和选育抗病新品种。对检测到抗病基因的回交后代进行主要性状的聚类分析,分别有9个抗病基因纯合的BC3F2单株和31个抗病基因杂合的BC4F1单株与武育粳3号聚为一类。经进一步纯合稳定,有望筛选到抗性得到改良、性状回复到武育粳3号的株系。对18个抗病基因纯合的BC2F3株系进行鉴定,其条纹叶枯病的抗性均达到抗的水平,有5个株系丰产性较武育粳3号有明显提高,其中2个株系外观品质也较武育粳3号有了明显改进,达到国家优质稻谷标准。  相似文献   

14.
Very few efforts have been made to improve the nutritional quality of groundnut, as biochemical estimation of quality traits is laborious and uneconomic; hence, it is difficult to improve them through traditional breeding alone. Identification of molecular markers for quality traits will have a great impact in molecular breeding. An attempt was made to identify microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for important nutritional traits (protein content, oil content and oil quality in terms of oleic acid, linoleic acid and oleic/linoleic acid ratio) in a mapping population consisting of 146 recombinant inbreed lines (RILs) of a cross TG26 × GPBD4. Phenotyping data analysis for quality traits showed significant variation in the population and environment, genotype × environment interaction and high heritability was observed for all the traits. Negative correlation between protein content and oil content, oleic acid and linoleic acid indicated their antagonistic nature. After screening >1000 SSR markers, a partial genetic linkage map comprising of 45 SSR loci on 8 linkage groups with an average inter-marker distance of 14.62 cM was developed. QTL analysis based on single marker analysis (SMA) and composite interval mapping identified some candidate SSR markers associated with major QTLs as well as several minor QTLs for the nutritional traits. Validation of these major QTLs using a wider genetic background may provide the markers for molecular breeding for improving groundnut for nutritional traits.  相似文献   

15.
以野生型大豆ZYD00006（供体亲本）与黑龙江省主栽品种绥农14（轮回亲本）所构建的回交导入系（1204株）为研究材料,利用WinQTL2.5的复合区间作图法(CIM)在9个连锁群定位了16个与蛋白质含量相关的QTL（14个正效应,2个负效应）;导入系群体经过严格的蛋白质含量筛选鉴定,得到10个蛋白质含量性状明显大于轮回亲本的导入系株行。利用这10个高蛋白含量株行（选择群体）结合随机对照群体,通过基于遗传搭车原理的卡方分析,检测到分布于10个连锁群上的17个与大豆蛋白质含量相关的标记位点,对蛋白质含量表现为正效应。两种方法共同检测到7个QTL。这些材料和位点将为高蛋白含量相关基因克隆及分子辅助育种提供重要的材料基础和标记信息。  相似文献   

16.
To dissect the genetic basis of low phosphorus tolerance(LPT), 114 BC2F4 introgression lines(ILs) were developed from Shuhui 527 and Minghui 86(recurrent parents), and Yetuozai(donor parent). The progenies were tested for 11 quantitative traits under three treatments including normal fertilization in normal soil(as control), normal fertilization in barren soil and low phosphorus stress in barren soil in Langfang, Hebei Province, China. Moreover, the ILs were investigated at the seedling stage using nutrient solution culture method in greenhouse in Beijing, China. A total of 49 main-effect quantitative trait loci(QTLs) underlying yield related traits were identified in Langfang, and their contributions to phenotypic variations ranged from 6.7% to 16.5%. Among them, 25(51.0%) QTLs had favorable alleles from donor parent. A total of 48 main-effect QTLs were identified for LPT-related traits in Beijing, and their contributions to phenotypic variations ranged from 7.7% to 16.6%. Among them, 21(43.8%) QTLs had favorable alleles from donor parent. About 79.6% of the QTLs can be detected repeatedly under two or more treatments, especially QTLs associated with spikelet number per panicle, spikelet fertility and 1000-grain weight, displaying consistent phenotypic effects. Among all the detected QTLs, eight QTLs were simultaneously identified under low phosphorus stress across two environments. These results can provide useful information for the genetic dissection of LPT in rice.  相似文献   

17.
Groundnut mutants TG-8, TG-9, TG-17 and TG-18 induced by -irradiation differed in fatty acid composition from their parent Spanish Improved. All the mutants had lower linoleic and higher oleic than Spanish Improved. TG-18 had lower oleic and higher linoleic as compared with TG-8, TG-9 and TG-17. Palmitic acid in TG-18 and Spanish Improved was higher than other mutants. Oil stability as judged by oleic to linoleic ratio was substantially higher for mutants as compared with their parent.Amino acid composition of groundnut mutant proteins differed from Spanish Improved. In general mutants had higher contents of lysine, histidine, proline, phenylalanine and tryptophan and lower contents of threonine, serine and methionine. The first limiting amino acid was tryptophan in Spanish Improved, threonine in TG-8, TG-9 and TG-17 and Valine in TG-18. Essential amino acid contents for all except methionine, valine and threonine per grain flour were higher in all the mutants as compared with their parent.  相似文献   

18.
为了研究华山新麦草染色体在小麦-华山新麦草各衍生世代中的遗传规律并建立一套小麦-华山新麦草异源附加系,对小麦-华山新麦草BC1F2到BC1F5共315个植株进行细胞学检测和GISH分析,结果表明,染色体数目分布范围为40～54,2n≥43的植株有223株,占总观察株数的70.79%;早代植株携带华山新麦草染色体的概率较高,植株染色体数目多大于44,随着自交代数的增加,外源染色体丢失的概率也在增大.因而在选育小麦-华山新麦草异附加系时,在BC1F4和BC1F5世代选择效果较好;通过对染色体数目2n=44的42个植株进行GISH分析,筛选出39个二体附加植株.  相似文献   

19.
花生单粒种子脂肪酸含量的气谱快速无损测定(英文)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
描述了一种利用5～20mg花生种子组织测定花生8种脂肪酸的方法。于室温下制备用于色谱分析的样品耗时35min,气相色谱分析则需要18min。研究结果证实,本法准确性高,重复性较好,可满足花生遗传育种研究中对种子无损取样及基因聚合育种需要,将为花生脂肪酸成分的遗传改良提供便利。  相似文献   

20.
油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸是花生油脂中最主要的3种脂肪酸,其含量是影响花生油脂品质的重要因素。提高油酸含量并降低亚油酸和棕榈酸含量是花生品质性状改良的重要方向之一。本研究利用292份中国花生种质资源材料及583个SSR标记基因型数据对四个环境下不同脂肪酸含量进行关联分析,分别检测到与油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸含量稳定关联标记14,14和9个,其中8个标记同时与上述3种脂肪酸含量稳定关联,分布在A02、A03、A08和A09染色体上。AHGS2050-226bp和AHGS3647-253bp是两个新关联标记的优异等位位点,在花生微微核心种质中证实,AHGS2050-226bp可提高油酸（9.99%~11.26%）并降低亚油酸（8.04%~9.31%）和棕榈酸含量（1.86%~1.97%）,AHGS3647-253bp可提高油酸（9.79%~10.44%）并降低亚油酸（8.09%~8.62%）和棕榈酸含量（1.81%~1.95%）。本研究鉴定的多环境稳定关联标记AHGS2050和AHGS3647具有辅助选择高油酸且低亚油酸和低棕榈酸品种的潜在应用价值。  相似文献   

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