共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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功能性大豆浓缩蛋白改性机理与加工技术 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文介绍了功能性大豆浓缩蛋白作为一种新型的大豆蛋白制品与大豆分离蛋白相比所具有的一些特点，说明了功能性大豆蛋白的技术核心在于改性。本文从蛋白质的分子结构入手阐述了改性的原理，最后讨论了浓缩大豆蛋白改性在工业化应用中的几个问题。 相似文献
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改性大豆低聚糖润肠通便功能的实验研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
改性大豆低聚糖，是通过大豆低聚糖经过酶改性将其中蔗糖转化为功能性低聚糖的一种新型低聚糖。通过建立小鼠的便秘模型，对其润肠通便功能作详细研究，结果表明：给予小鼠改性大豆低聚糖10天，增加小鼠的小肠推进运动，缩短便秘小鼠的首次排便时间，增加便秘小鼠的排便粒数和排便重量。说明改性大豆低聚糖具有润肠通便功能，在生理生化方面有着特殊的作用。 相似文献
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徐楚年先生是我国较早系统研究棉花纤维发育与品质建成的老一辈科学家,其主要科研和教学成果：一是将棉纤维发育时期由原来的3个修订为4个,深化了对棉纤维形成过程的认知;二是发现了纤维品质与产量形成在细胞学上的同步性,为协同提高纤维产量和品质提供了理论依据;三是建立“人工棉纤维”的离体培养技术体系,为棉纤维工厂化生产奠定了基础。此外,徐先生还创新人才培养方式,为我国培养了大批优秀农业科技人才。回顾总结徐楚年先生的成果和贡献,旨在激励后人,为中国棉业的可持续发展做出新的贡献。 相似文献
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棉纤维的强度是棉纤维的一项重要的品质指标 ,它与棉纤维的成熟度、细度等有着密切的关系 ,与棉纤维的品级评定也是密切相关的。某些国家品级的评定就是以强力为主划分的 ,我国的棉花标准亦规定了强力作为分级的参考指标。在纺织上 ,棉纤维强力对纱线、织物强力的影响是很大的 ,如果其它条件一样 ,纤维强度高 ,成纱强度高 ,织成的布强度也大。因此棉纤维强力的高低直接影响纺织成品的质量 ,从这一角度来说希望得到高强力的棉纤维并且准确测量。1 播种期对棉纤维强力的影响强力高的棉纤维细胞壁较厚 ,纤维素大分子的聚合度、取向度、结晶度… 相似文献
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棉花胚胎学基础知识(一) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
棉花是很重要的经济作物,目前我国纺织工业的原料主要依靠种植棉花提供的棉纤维。棉纤维所在的棉籽的发育,直接关系到棉花的品质与产量。棉纤维的生长发育又是由整个胚胎发育过程所制约的,其关键在于是否受精和受精以后的一系列变化是否正常。因此,棉花胚胎学的研究,对于控制棉花有性过程的正常进行,以获得更多更好的棉纤维具有重要意义。遗传育种的工作很多与棉花胚胎学的研究有密切关系。例如受精过程、多胚现象、单性生殖、雄性不育、以及远缘杂交中胚胎早期败育等的研究,都可为棉花遗传理论的探讨和改进育种方法提供必要的依据。而且有不少的胚胎学工作也是直接为解决育种上的问题而进行的。例如目前开展的花药培养单倍体育种,可以看作胚胎学中单性生殖的扩大,或实验胚胎学的一部分。为此,我们将系统地介绍棉花胚胎学方面的一些基础知识,供从事有关方面工作的参考。主要内容包括棉花生殖的全过程,大小孢子的发生,雌雄配子的发育,受精作用以及胚和胚乳的发育等,将分成四章介绍。 相似文献
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本文借鉴纤维素纤维化学变性的成功经验，根据苎麻纤维细胞发育的基本特征，在对现有研究资料进行综合分析的基础上，提出了苎麻纤维农艺变性的新构想，进而对苎麻纤维农艺变性的总体目标、技术路线和关键技术，以及苎麻纤维素结晶与取向结构的遗传调控、栽培调控、化学调控进行了论述。 相似文献
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Bt-cotton varieties can control lepidopterous pests, hence offering the possibility to reduce chemical pesticide use. India, with the largest cotton-growing area globally, gave commercial approval for Bt cotton in 2002 and a rapid adoption of the technology is expected. This paper uses a stochastic partial budgeting approach that captures the key pest control properties of Bt cotton taking into account uncertainty of pest pressure, control effectiveness and prices to assess the profitability effects of Bt varieties and hence complements previous studies that generally excluded such issues. Results of the simulation model reveal that under the current price situation a prophylactic chemical control strategy dominates the use of Bt varieties in both, irrigated and non-irrigated cotton. The effect of a higher cotton price is assessed in a second scenario that depicts a Bt cotton variety with improved fiber quality than varieties currently approved for commercial planting. Under this assumption, the Bt strategy would be slightly better than the prophylactic use of chemical pesticides. The model can be extended to include pests other than the bollworm and correlations among variables, e.g. prices and yield, provided sufficient evidence for such correlation exists. Results of this analysis show the impact of uncertainty in the main variables that influence the profitability of Bt cotton and alternative crop protection methods. 相似文献
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Shuhua Wang Jinlong Liu Fen Li Jinming Dai Husheng Jia Bingshe Xu 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(2):286-290
Carbonaceous materials were produced by means of the hydrothermal carbonization of cotton pulp fiber at temperatures in the 245–305 °C range. The morphology, chemical and structural characteristics of the hydrothermally carbonized products were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The hydrothermal product of cotton pulp fiber is made up of carbonaceous microspheres (size: 3–8 µm). The carbonaceous microspheres have different chemical structure with one of cotton pulp fiber and have amorphous structure. The surface of carbonaceous microspheres contains a high concentration of reactive oxygen groups. 相似文献
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棉花杂种优势利用的回顾与展望 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
回顾了棉花杂种优势利用的历程与杂交棉优势表现,阐述了棉花人工去雄授粉、化学杀雄、雄性不育系等杂种优势的利用现状与途径,提出了棉花杂种优势的利用是提高棉花产量和品质的有效途径,并建议在我国现有农业生产技术条件下,棉花杂种优势的进一步广泛利用需将棉花杂交种与种植方式改革紧密结合,尽量选择F2仍有较高优势的杂交组合,建立相应的杂交棉种生产体系,进一步加强转基因抗病虫杂交棉育种研究和生产应用。 相似文献
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为有效利用引进的棉花种质资源,2009～2010年对近年从国内外棉花研究机构引进的种质资源51份进行了生育期性状、产量性状、纤维品质及抗棉铃虫性鉴定。结果表明：该批材料类型较丰富,生育期大部分属于中熟偏晚型,单株结铃数变幅较大,单铃重整体表现一般,大部分在5.5 g以下,衣分均较高,抗虫性整体表现也一般;纤维品质整体表现为中等偏上,纤维整齐度较好,马克隆值偏高,伸长率中等,纤维长度和比强度整体较好。该批材料中有强结铃性材料3份,高衣分材料18份,长纤维材料2份,高比强度材料6份,大铃材料2份,高抗虫材料4 相似文献
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In this research work, a fabricated composite fiber is proposed to protect wound surfaces from infectious organisms present in water. The composite fiber comprising PMMA, ZnO, and zinc stearate was developed using an electrospinning technique. The fiber surface was scientifically studied using scanning electron microscope, Energy dispersive analysis of X-rays, powder X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier transform Infra-Red analysis. The pores present in between perpendicularly aligned fibers serves as an excellent medium for vapor transport to a wound surface. The maximum water contact angle of the developed fiber surface was approximately 151 degrees. A commercial cotton bandage after coated with this composite layer behaves as a perfect barrier to the entry of infectious water towards the wound. The pores in the fiber surface support rich supply of environmental oxygen and transport of exudate vapor from the wound. This fiber when coated over a cotton bandage cloth on one side served as an excellent wound protecting bandage against the penetration of external microbial water and also it admits the air, water vapor etc., towards the interior. Water penetration ability of hydrophilic cotton bandage and the water arresting ability of superhydrophobic fiber coated bandage were evaluated using a facile technique. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity of test samples was evaluated against gram positive and gram negative microorganism. Also, a bacterial infiltration test supports the blocking capability of superhydrophobic fiber to water-borne bacteria. The results obtained through this experiment may be used in future as wound healing bandages in an efficient manner. 相似文献
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Liping Liang Mengyao Su Cong Zheng Jiaqi Li Haihua Zhan Xuming Li Xu Meng 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(12):2307-2314
A straightforward approach was proposed to modify cotton fabric for oil/water separation based on musselinspired reaction. The poly(DMA-Octadecyl acrylate) was designed to contain key chemical constituents present in mussel adhesive proteins by free radical polymerization of dopamine hydrochloride and octadecyl acrylate, which strongly adsorbed to fabric substrates, providing a special surface for fabric. The chemical structure, surface topography, and surface wettability of the fabric were characterized. The results showed that as-prepared cotton fabric displayed a high CA of >150° when dripped water droplets were on the modified fabric surface, and the oil contact angle (OCA) was close to 0°, it had excellent potential to be used in practical applications and has created a new method of fabric modification for oil/water separation. 相似文献
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本文对黄麻／棉混纺纱的生产工艺作了初步的探索，利用经过脱胶后的精细化黄麻纤维，通过对纺纱加工工艺与设备的选择、调整，纺制成了黄麻／棉55／45的转杯混纺纱.结果表明，黄麻纤维在脱胶精细化处理后，是可以加工成应用领域更广泛的产品的. 相似文献