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1.
The complete nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from four Seriola spp. (S. quinqueradiata, S. lalandi, S. dumerili, and S. rivoliana) were determined with the aim of developing a species identification analysis method for discriminating between commercially important Seriola spp. and other related species. In addition, the nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (Cytb) from five related but less expensive species in terms of market value (Seriolella brama, S. caerulea, S. punctata, Hyperoglyphe japonica, and Rachycentron canadum), which are often used as substitutes for Seriola spp., were determined. Restriction enzyme sites were examined by comparing the nucleotide sequences, and species-specific primers were designed for PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Based on the results of the PCR amplification studies, the four Seriola spp. and the five related species tested could be categorized into three groups according to their PCR product pattern: a 373-bp product from the four Seriola spp., a 513-bp product from three Seriolella spp. and H. japonica, and a 204-bp product from R. canadum. In addition, RFLP analysis of the PCR products was able to differentiate these fish species.  相似文献   

2.
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3.
ABSTRACT:   Gnomefish Scombrops boops and Scombrops gilberti are commercially important fishes in Japan, but these species are often confused in the markets because of their morphological similarity. To identify these two species, we performed nucleotide sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis on 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and the control region in mitochondrial DNA. Five and 12 nucleotide substitutions were observed between species in the 777-bp 16S rRNA gene and 471-bp control region, respectively. Diagnostic restriction sites for discriminating between S. boops and S. gilberti were found in the 16S rRNA gene, but not in the control region. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–RFLP analysis using two enzymes, Eco NI and Mva I, clearly discriminated between S. boops and S. gilberti identified by meristic characters. The PCR–RFLP analysis identified most of the 168 Scombrops young caught in the coastal waters of the Izu and Miura peninsulas as S. boops , suggesting that S. gilberti juveniles are rare in this area.  相似文献   

4.
In this study, nuclear ribosomal RNA gene internal transcribed spacer regions and the cox2-cox1 fragment of the mitochondrial (mt) genome were sequenced in 24 strains of Chattonella spp. Variability in both regions showed that the mt genome sequences of Chattonella spp. have a higher evolutionary rate than the nuclear rRNA gene sequences. A maximum likelihood tree based on the mt sequence grouped the Japanese Chattonella strains into two groups (Groups A and B), although no correlation was observed amongst the phylogenetic groups, their morphologies, or the isolated areas. Groups A and B were clearly identified by a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay using Fokl, without the need for a sequencing experiment. The PCR-RFLP assay revealed that Chattonella cells obtained from sea water in Oita, Japan, in 2004 and 2005 belonged to Group B. This is the first report showing the genetic variation in Chattonella spp. using a PCR-RFLP identification protocol.  相似文献   

5.
大黄鱼mtDNA ND5和Cytb基因的克隆与序列分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
张祖兴  李明云  朱俊杰 《水产科学》2006,25(12):626-631
2004年4月，将采自浙江省象山港海区网箱养殖的大黄鱼样本，提取总DNA，通过设计特异性引物对大黄鱼线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的辅酶5（ND5）和细胞色素b（Cytb）基因进行PCR扩增。扩增产物经琼脂糖电泳检测、纯化后直接测序。得到ND5的序列1839 bp和Cytb基因序列382 bp。应用primer premier5和MEGA3软件包所作的系统发育分析表明：依据大黄鱼ND5序列所作的进化树总体支持传统的分类地位，大黄鱼更接近塘鳢鱼科。而基于Cytb基因所作的分析表明，黑鳃梅童鱼是大黄鱼在石首鱼科中是遗传距离最小的。  相似文献   

6.
ABSTRACT:   To characterize and identify mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) nucleotide sequence variation in two commercially important Trachurus species, Trachurus trachurus and T. japonicus , the complete mtDNA sequence of T. trachurus was determined. The T. trachurus mtDNA consists of 16 559 bp, containing 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, two rRNA genes, and 13 protein-coding genes. Comparing the mtDNA nucleotide sequences of the Trachurus species, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method was developed to differentiate these two commercially important species. The primer pair Lt1-ND5 and Ht1-ND5, corresponding to ND5 , was designed to amplify a 360-bp fragment. Following digestion with Eco  RI, the PCR product for T. japonicus resulted in 93- and 267-bp fragments, while T. trachurus lacked a restriction site for Eco  RI. In contrast, after digestion with Hin  fI, the T. trachurus PCR product yielded 44-, 84-, and 232-bp fragments, while the T. japonicus product was not digested. The PCR-RFLP analysis established in the present study was useful for identifying T. trachurus and T. japonicus .  相似文献   

7.
Morphometric, meristic and DNA riboprinting analyses of Tilapia species and their hybrids inhabiting the River Nile were examined. Morphometric data showed striking similarities and overlapping among Tilapia species, making it impossible to differentiate these species. Meristic characteristics revealed that Tilapia species could be identified into four major groups (Oreochromis niloticus, O. aureus, Sarotherodon galilaeus and Tilapia zillii). The lateral line scales differed significantly between the four Tilapia species, while the number of fin rays in the dorsal and anal fins differed significantly, differentiating three species (but not between O. niloticus and O. aureus). Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of nuclear small sub‐unit ribosomal RNA (18S srRNA) gene were used to differentiate the species. Polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphisms data provided a unique pattern for each species with a specific restriction enzyme. Two hybrids of Tilapia designated H1 and H2 were detected. The endonucleases SacII and ApaI differentiated H1 and H2. This research revealed a monophylogenetic relationship among all the studied Tilapia species.  相似文献   

8.
Hairtail fillets are marketed as both fresh and frozen forms in retail outlets within Japan. The present study was undertaken to develop a rapid and reliable method for identification of the hairtail species in commercial fillets. A total of 64 fillet samples, caught from various localities within Japan and purchased from various supermarkets, were analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a portion of the mitochondrial DNA encoding 16S ribosomal RNA gene and subsequent restriction digestion of the amplified products, using Vspl endonuclease, generated different restriction patterns indicating two different species of hairtails in the fillet samples. The results indicated that the commercial hairtail fillets, labeled and marketed as ‘Tachiuo’ in Japan, were comprised of two species of hairtails with Trichiurus japonicus (commonly called Tachiuo) accounting for 47% and Trichiurus sp. 2 (commonly called Tenjikutachi) accounting for 53% of the analyzed samples. This simple and inexpensive PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis can be routinely applied to determine species composition of hairtails in commercial fillets.  相似文献   

9.
本研究采用高通量测序技术获得了艾氏蛇鳗(Ophichthus evermanni)线粒体基因组全序列, 并对其结构和特征进行了分析。结果表明, 艾氏蛇鳗线粒体基因组全长 17759 bp, 包含了 13 个蛋白编码基因(PCGs)、22 个转运 RNA 基因(tRNA)、2 个核糖体 RNA 基因(rRNA)、2 个控制区(D-loop)和 1 个轻链复制起始区(OL)。线粒体 DNA 全序列的碱基组成分别为 A (31.27%)、G (16.19%)、C (26.22%)和 T (26.32%), 其中 A+T 含量(57.59%)大于 G+C 含量 (42.41%), 呈现出明显的 A+T 偏好性。与大多数硬骨鱼类不同, 艾氏蛇鳗线粒体基因组中发生了基因重排现象, ND6 基因和 tRNA-Glu 移到了 tRNA-Thr 和 tRNA-Pro 之间, 且 ND6 基因上游还存在另一个高度同源的 D-loop 区。 tRNA-Gln (Q)、tRNA-Ala (A)、tRNA-Asn (N)、tRNA-Cys (C)、tRNA-Tyr (Y)、tRNA-SerUCA (S1)、tRNA-Glu (E)、 tRNA-Pro (P)和 ND6 9 个基因位于 L 链, 其余基因均位于 H 链。除 tRNA-Ser (AGC)外, 其余 21 个 tRNA 均为典型的三叶草二级结构。分别采用邻接法和最大似然法, 基于 12 个蛋白编码基因(ND6 除外)构建了蛇鳗科鱼类系统发育关系树。结果显示艾氏蛇鳗与短尾蛇鳗(O. brevicaudatus)和食蟹豆齿蛇鳗(Pisodonophis cancrivorus)的亲缘关系较近, 蛇鳗属是蛇鳗科鱼类中分化较晚的一个类群。研究结果丰富了蛇鳗科鱼类线粒体基因组数据库, 也为该类群鱼类的系统分类研究提供了参考资料。  相似文献   

10.
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11.
Abstract:   Sequence analyses of mitochondrial (mt) and nuclear genes were performed for genetic comparison between two Takifugu pufferfish species: torafugu T. rubripes and karasu T.  chinensis . With a sequence coverage of 20% in mtDNA, 640, 308, 344, 522 and 697 bp encoding mt 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), adenosine triphosphatase 6 ( ATPase 6 ), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 4 ( ND4 ), ND5 and cytochrome b (cyt b ), respectively, among 24 wild torafugu, 24 wild karasu and six hybrid-like samples, 15% of the torafugu identified by external color patterns showed nucleotide sequences consistent with karasu. Meanwhile, sequences of 60% karasu were consistent with those registered for torafugu (AJ421455). As for the hybrid-like samples, two possessed karasu-specific sequences in some base positions while torafugu-specific sequences in others. The remaining hybrid-like samples possessed torafugu-specific sequences. On the other hand, the mt control region did not show such type of consistency. Analysis of nuclear melanocortin receptor genes ( MC1R , MC4R ) among 54 samples showed 99–100% inter- and intraspecific sequence identity. Partial nuclear 18S  rRNA, complete internal transcribed spacer 1 ( ITS1 ), partial 5.8S  rRNA and ITS2 genes showed similar levels of identity, indicating a very low level of variation in their respective gene fragments between the two Takifugu species.  相似文献   

12.
ABSTRACT:   Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed on polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA fragments containing the D-loop , ND2 , and CO I genes of fiddler crab Uca arcuata mitochondrial DNA. In total, 316 individuals from six populations in Japan and two populations in Taiwan were analyzed using five restriction endonucleases ( Afa I, Bcn I, Cfr 13I, Hae III and Hin fI), yielding 85 haplotypes. Samples were taken from Nakagusuku Bay, Okinawajima Island, which is the only known distribution of U. arcuata in the Ryukyu Archipelago. The Okinawajima Island population is isolated geographically from others and showed a marked low genetic variability ( h  = 0.2539, π  = 0.0005) and significant differentiation from other population samples in haplotype composition. We suggest that a substantial decrease in the genetic variability of the Okinawajima Island population was caused by genetic drift under the conditions of small population size and low gene flow from other populations. It is important to conserve the intertidal zone in Nakagusuku Bay for the maintenance of this endangered population.  相似文献   

13.
柳广东 《水产学报》2005,29(5):711-714
动物线粒体DNA（mtDNA）具有比核DNA的进化速率快等特点,而被广泛地应用于生物的起源、演化和种群遗传学研究。完整的线粒体基因组包括37个基因：13个编码疏水性蛋白质亚基基因、22个tRNA基因、2个rRNA基因。各基因排列紧密,不含内含子,且有些基因区域出现重叠。  相似文献   

14.
Bacteria strains with strong virulence were isolated from pond-cultured tilapia in China. They were identified as Streptococcus agalactiae by biochemical assays, and confirmed by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and group B Streptococcus (GBS)-specific gene cfb analyses. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay of the alpha C protein (ACP) gene and capsular polysaccharide antigen (cps) gene was employed to identify their molecular serotype (MS). Amplification of the ACP gene produced a 400-bp C alpha protein gene (bca) fragment, suggesting that these isolates belong to MS Ia, Ib or II; amplification of cps produced a 790-bp amplicon, indicating that they belong to MS Ia/III-3. An additional PCR based on nucleotide difference in the cps H–I region of MS Ia and III further suggested that the isolates belong to serotype MS Ia. Moreover, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) indicated that these strains were of sequence type 7 (ST-7). These results showed that isolates from different regions of China shared the same MS and ST. However, none of the isolated ST-7 GBS corresponded to the capsular serotype, suggesting that these fish GBS possessed specific molecular characteristics not present in human or other animals. Data from this study will facilitate the understanding of epidemiology and nosogenesis of tilapia GBS and the establishment of effective disease prevention methods.  相似文献   

15.
州河鲤、建鲤和框鳞镜鲤的mtDNA D-loop的RFLP分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
应用PCR技术扩增了州河鲤、建鲤以及框鳞镜鲤mtDNA的D-loop区段,并用13种限制性内切酶对扩增到的片段进行了分析。结果显示:在3种鱼分别扩增到的约1.6kb的DNA片段上,13种限制性内切酶中有8种(AluⅠ、DraⅠ、EcoRⅠ、HaeⅢ、HapⅡ、HinfⅠ、TaqⅠ和XspⅠ)有酶切位点,4种(DraⅠ、HaeⅢ、TaqⅠ和XspⅠ)个体间存在变异。不同酶切结果组合后,共得到6种单倍型。州河鲤中以单倍型Ⅲ为主,达91.37%,建鲤以单倍型Ⅵ为主,达81.25%;框鳞镜鲤中单倍型Ⅱ占39.47%,单倍型Ⅲ占47.37%;州河鲤、建鲤以及框鳞镜鲤群体内的单倍型多样性指数(h)和核苷酸多样性指数(π)分别为0.1603、0.3327,0.6287、0.003042,0.004838、0.007163。州河鲤与框鳞镜鲤间的Rogers遗传距最小,为0.4080;州河鲤与建鲤间的为0.8440;框鳞镜鲤与建鲤间的为0.6469。  相似文献   

16.
为从分子水平研究巨[鱼丕](Bagarius yarrelli Sykes)的遗传多样性和系统进化关系,本实验对采集于怒江、澜沧江、元江3河流5种群中的60个个体进行12S rRNA和ND3基因序列的PCR扩增,同时与红河河口群体12个个体的12S rRNA和ND3基因序列进行比对分析,采用Mega5.02软件对碱基组成、Kimura-2 parameter遗传距离、可变位点等进行分析。应用DnaSP软件进行遗传多样性相关参数的计算。结果显示:12S rRNA和ND3基因序列长度分别为954 bp和346 bp(349 bp),分别定义了51个单倍型和42个单倍型,12S rRNA和ND3序列中的碱基平均含量分别为:T为20.8%、C为25.7%、A为32.1%、G为21.4%和T为29.5%、C为28.2%、A为28.1%、G为14.1%,表现出明显的A+T偏倚性;6个群体的群体内和群体间的遗传距离分别为0.003~0.284(12S rRNA),0.009~0.059(ND3)和0.004~1.062(12S rRNA),0.008~0.143(ND3);12S rRNA基因的51个单倍型和ND3基因的42个单倍型序列总的单倍型多样性(Hd)、核苷酸多样性(Pi)及核苷酸平均差异数(K)分别为0.972和0.937、0.035和0.079、31.414和27.176,均显示出丰富的遗传多样性。结合从GenBank中下载的12S rRNA和ND3基因同源序列的[鱼丕]科9属10种鱼类进行系统发育树的构建,结果表明巨[鱼丕]独自汇聚成一大单系群,怒江潞江坝群体、怒江三江口群体及澜沧江临沧群体间关系较近,澜沧江景洪群体可单独构成一个单系种群,红河河口群体、红河曼耗群体与其它巨[鱼丕]构成一单系种群后再同澜沧江景洪群体汇聚成一支。  相似文献   

17.
用PCR产物直接测序法,测定渤海辽东湾斑海豹15个个体线粒体的一段从ND3到ND4基因长度为625 bp的DNA序列。其中的1~118 bp是ND3基因的后部分,120~188 bp是tRNAArg基因完整序列,189~485 bp是ND4L基因完整序列,479~625 bp是ND4基因的前部分。在ND4L和ND4之间,有7个碱基是重叠编码的。15个序列间,只有ND4L基因中有一个位点发生C/T碱基转换。与GenBank中的斑海豹序列比较,tRNAArg基因序列完全一致,而ND4L基因序列则有两处发生转换。利用从GenBank中下载的22个海豹科动物的ND4L基因序列的系统发生分析表明,海豹科动物分为南半球和北半球两大类群,斑海豹与港海豹为北半球种类,亲缘关系最近。  相似文献   

18.
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19.
Flavobacterium columnare, the aetiological agent of columnaris disease, causes significant losses in fish worldwide. In this study, the prevalence of F. columnare infection was assessed in representative Great Lakes fish species. Over 2000 wild, feral and hatchery‐propagated salmonids, percids, centrarchids, esocids and cyprinids were examined for systemic F. columnare infections. Logistic regression analyses showed that the prevalence of F. columnare infection varied temporally and by the sex of the fish, whereby females had significantly higher prevalence of infection. A total of 305 isolates of F. columnare were recovered. Amplification of the near complete 16S rRNA gene from 34 representative isolates and subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses demonstrated that all belonged to F. columnare genomovar I. Phylogenetic analysis of near complete 16S rRNA gene sequences also placed the isolates in genomovar I, but revealed some intragenomovar heterogeneity. Together, these results suggest that F. columnare genomovar I is widespread in the Great Lakes Basin, where its presence may lead to mortality.  相似文献   

20.
The aim of this study is to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the farnesoic acid O‐methyltransferase gene in shrimp, Penaeus chinensis (PcFAMeT), and analyze the potential association between PcFAMeT gene polymorphisms and growth traits in a cultured population. Four SNPs (A163G, G392T, A708G, and T752C) were tested for association with six growth traits in 240 individuals using the polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) method. The association analysis of SNPs of PcFAMeT gene with the six growth traits was carried out using general linear model estimation. Results indicated that SNP2 (G392T) of the PcFAMeT gene was significantly associated with body weight (P < 0.05) and carapace width (P < 0.05). The individuals of genotype GG grew faster than those of genotype GT and TT. The results would provide potential application in future shrimp breeding programs and may be used to improve the efficiency in shrimp, P. chinensis, breeding programs.  相似文献   

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