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南美蓝对虾自然产地在拉丁美洲太平洋沿岸，以秘鲁、墨西哥沿岸为主，是世界养殖产量最高的优质对虾品种之一。与南美白对虾形态相似、生活习性相近。我国现有的养殖中国对虾和日本对虾(车虾)的虾池都适合养殖此虾。南美蓝对虾最大的优点是适应性好、生长迅速、抗病能力强。1988年中科院海洋研究所张伟权教授首次从美国引进白对虾和蓝对虾，并先后完成了一系列技术工作，1994年成功地进行了生产性育苗及养殖。我公司在此基础上，结合北方池塘的实际情况进行了南美蓝对虾养殖技术的探讨，效果较为理想。 相似文献
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南美蓝对虾为广盐性热带虾种。原产于拉丁美洲的太平洋沿岸 ,原产地全年均可养殖 ,多与白对虾混养 ,并以生长速度快、饵料成本低、适温耐盐范围广、耐低溶氧、抗病能力强、出肉率高等优点著称。我国于 2 0 0 0年后开始引进与推广养殖 ,并获得人工育苗和养殖成功 ,现已成为我国又一个新的养殖虾种。1生态习性与特征1 .1适温范围大在池水温度渐变条件下 ,可承受温度为 1 0～37℃ ,生长温度为 2 0～ 34℃ ,最适生长温度为 2 4～ 32℃ ,接近白对虾的适宜生长温度。1 .2耐盐度广南美蓝对虾在海水盐度渐变条件下 ,可承受的盐度范围为 0 .5～ 5 0 ,… 相似文献
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南美白对虾兑淡养殖病害的防治技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南美白对虾 (Pemaeusvannamei)具有适应性强、生长迅速和抗病力强三大特点 ,是当今世界养殖产量最高的三种虾之一。我市于 1 997年引进该品种进行养殖获得成功后 ,南美白对虾的养殖业迅速发展 ,现已成为我市水产养殖新的主导品种和新的经济增长点 ,特别是南美白对虾的兑淡养殖模式发展更快 ,今年全市养殖面积已突破 2万亩。所谓兑淡 ,就是在纯淡水的池塘中加入一定数量的浓缩海水或农用盐。具体方法 :每亩淡水池塘加入浓缩海水 5～ 8吨 (盐度为 1 5～ 2 0波美度 )或加入农用盐 6 0 0～ 750公斤 (溶解后全池泼洒 ) ,把池塘水的盐度调至 2‰… 相似文献
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漳州市水技站自2000年开始推广南美白对虾兑淡养殖以来，发展迅猛，养殖面积已达2000多hm^2，每667m^2年平均产量达500kg，最高单季每667m^2产量可达800kg，南美白对虾的兑淡养殖已成为漳州市水产养殖业的支柱产业和新的经济增长点。然而，由于种质退化、养殖环境的自身污染等原因，导致病害发生频繁，已成为南美白对虾养殖发展的制约因素。 相似文献
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南美白对虾池塘养殖高产技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国素来是食虾大国 ,随着人们生活水平的不断提高 ,虾类市场需求越来越大 ,而中国对虾在养殖过程中出现的严重病害 ,制约了虾产量的增加。南美白对虾Ｌｉｔｏｐｅｎａｅｕｓｖａｎｎａｍｅｉ是当今生长速度最快的三大对虾之一 ,且体型和肉质与中国对虾相似 ,大力发展其养殖具有重要意义。1 场地选择南美白对虾自然状态生活在咸水中 ,现通过淡化后 ,可在淡水池塘中养殖。养殖一般虾的池塘基本都适应对虾的养殖 ,南美白对虾主要对水体中重金属离子 (如铜、铅、锌、铁、汞等 )和农药等有毒物质特别敏感 ,因此 ,应选择水源充足、清新 ,没有受… 相似文献
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近年来，随着我国南美白对虾养殖规模的不断扩大，对虾、环境及病原体之间的关系变化较复杂，生产中对虾病害新情况、新问题不断出现，发病率逐年上升，给养虾户造成了较大的经济损失，成了当前影响对虾养殖业的一大灾害。现将南美白对虾疾病暴发的特点、原因、综合防治措施及常见病的防治方法介绍如下，供参考。 相似文献
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福建省漳州市自2000年开始推广南美白对虾兑淡养殖以来,发展迅猛,养殖面积已达2000多公顷,每667m^2年平均产量达500kg,南美白对虾兑淡养殖已成为漳州市水产养殖业的支柱产业和新的经济增长点。然而,由于种质退化、养殖环境的自身污染等原因,导致病害发生频繁。 相似文献
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Jiann-Chu Chen Ping-Chung Liu Yao-Tsu Lin Chin-Kai Lee 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1988,19(3):127-131
Two continuous grow-out experiments of red-tailed shrimp Penueus penicillatus were conducted for one year in a super intensive system with a stocking density of 171 and 286 postlarvae/m2 , respectively. The postlarval shrimp (Ph8–12 ) were cultured in three 0.14 ha earthen ponds with concrete dikes. The shrimp were fed with a commercially prepared feed four times a day. Water quality parameters from the second trial varied as follows: water temperature from 23.0 to 30.4 C, salinity from 15.33 to 21.00 ppt, dissolved oxygen (DO) from 3.47 to 7.34 mg/L, NH3 -N from 0.002 to 0.869 mg/L, nitrite-N from 0.013 to 0.844 mg/L, and nitrate-N from 0.021 to 1.795 mg/L. Ammonia-N increased from 0.022 to 46.110 mg/L, while the pH declined from 8.12 to 7.32. Yield was 4,650 kg/0.42 ha from the first crop in 131 days and 5,160 kg/0.42 ha from the second crop in 141 days. The productivity of this system producing P. penicillatus was 11–12 tons/ha/crop. 相似文献
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1999年在广西水产研究所中试基地进行了南美白对虾池塘淡水养殖试验。在600cm^2的淡水池塘中投放平均全长2．35cm的淡化虾苗2．5万尾,经70d饲养,生产成虾98kg,平均亩产量108．9kg,成虾平均全长9．59cm(最大为10．6cm),平均体长8．34cm(最大为9．4cm),平均体重7．73g(最大为11．5g),养殖成活率为50．7％。 相似文献
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南美白对虾 (Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｖａｎｎａｍｅｉ )原产于南美洲太平洋沿岸海域 ,1 999年初引入我国大陆。该虾对盐度、温度的适应范围广 ,生长较快 ,养殖成活率高 ,产量高 ,适合于进行高密度饲养。目前已成为广东、广西、海南三省区的主要养殖品种。随着养殖规模的扩大和放养密度的不断提高 ,南美白对虾的病害问题也日益严重。针对 2 0 0 1年养殖生产中的实际情况 ,笔者就南美白对虾高密度养殖的主要技术关键 ,提出一些不成熟的观点 ,与大家共同商讨。一、虾池放养前的清淤消毒已养殖多年的土池 ,通常池底淤泥层较厚。淤泥中的有机物是病原生… 相似文献
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南美白对虾育苗及淡化试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
南美白对虾为世界养殖产量最高的三大优良虾种之一,具有繁殖季节长,营养要求低,适应性强等特点。为开发南美白对虾的淡水池塘养殖,进行了南美白对虾的育苗及虾菌淡化试验。本试验在12．6m^3水体中投入120万尾南美白对虾无节幼体(N3)撞育至仔虾P5,经逐步淡化至P13,获淡化虾菌39．39万尾。单位水体产量3．13万尾,m^3,最高产量为4．28万尾/m^3,由N3至淡化虾菌P13成活率为32．8％,经14h运输,成活率为98．5％。 相似文献
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Abstract Post larvae of shrimp Penaeus monodon were fed Artemia sp. enriched with oxytetracycline (OTC). The amounts of this antibiotic in the Artemia sp., the shrimp, and the water of the experimental system were measured by radial diffusion bioassay. The results indicated that 11% of the OTC was taken up by the Artemia sp. After 8 d of being fed OTC-enriched Artemia sp., the shrimp were found to contain 3.12 μg OTC/shrimp, which is twelve times greater than the average minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) cited in the literature for sensitive strains of Vibrio spp. The recommended therapeutic dose for treatment of bacterial infections is four times the MIC. 相似文献
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Tzachi M. Samocha Brent J. Burkott Addison L. Lawrence Ya Sheng Juan Edward R. Jones David A. McKee 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1998,29(2):211-220
Abstract The geographic distribution of the Atlantic white shrimp Penaeus setiferus is in coastal waters from New York to Florida and around the Gulf of Mexico. Beside its value to commercial fisheries, this shrimp is sold as bait for recreational fishing. Previous data suggest that demand for live bait shrimp cannot be satisfied by commercial fleets. A 120-d trial was designed to study production of bait size P. setiferus at high densities in eight small outdoor ponds in south Texas. A 24–1 fractional factorial design was applied to study the effects of postlarval (PL) density (350 and 700 shrimp/m2 ), feed type (A and B), and water circulation methods (with and without airlift pumps or center pond dividers) on shrimp growth, survival and yield. No significant differences in survivals or yields were found between treatments (P = 0.2). Feed type ( P = 0.011), airlift pumps ( P = 0.021), and center dividers ( P = 0.026), had significant impacts on shrimp growth rates. Density effect on growth was not statistically significant ( P = 0.055). This study demonstrated that 6-d-old postlarvae can be stocked at 700 per square meter and reached a bait size (6.2 g) in 94 d with a 73.6% survival and a yield equivalent to 31,300 kg/ha when offered a commercial shrimp feed. A preliminary economic analysis based on this data suggests that operating a bait shrimp farm in Texas with two crops/yr will show profitability within 7 to 12 yr with an internal rate of return of 6.5 and 17.6%, respectively. 相似文献
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Subuntith Nimrat Teerapat Sangnawakij Verapong Vuthiphandchai 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2005,36(1):76-86
Chilled storage of spermatozoa in fish has been extensively investigated for many years, but limited research was focused on crustacean species. Chilled storage of spermatophores of black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon is needed to generate consistent and reliable supply of spermatozoa for subsequent use. The objective of this study was to develop a protocol for the chilled storage of black tiger shrimp spermatophores and to evaluate bacterial propagation during chilled storage of spermatophores. In the first experiment, spermatophores were selected and preserved using four different extenders, namely mineral oil, Ringer's solution, phosphate buffer and 0.85% sodium chloride, and stored at low temperature (2‐4 C) for 42 d without antibiotic supplementation. Results showed that mineral oil was the best extender for chilled storage of spermatophores, since the highest percentage of viable sperm (58.3 ± 2.9%) was observed with this extender at the end of experiment (day 42). Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified as the predominant bacteria occurring during chilled storage, and the total bacteria count gradually increased during the experiment. In the second experiment, spermatophores were preserved in the mineral oil with four concentrations of the antibiotic, penicillin‐streptomycin (0.1%,1%, 2%, and 3%). There was no significant difference (P 0.05) in the percentage of viable sperm among treatments with 0.1%,1 %, 2%, and 3% antibiotics. The total count of Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., and P. aeruginosa in the antibiotic treated groups significantly decreased (P < 0.05) to undetectable levels by day 14 of the experiment. Fertility studies from artificial insemination indicated that P. monodon spermatophores preserved with mineral oil for 7‐8 d at 2‐4 C were capable of fertilizing eggs with hatching rates similar to the controls. This study suggests that chilled storage of spermatophores is a feasible approach for the management and spawning of black tiger prawn broodstock or other Invertebrate species that produce spermatophores. 相似文献