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1.
底充式增氧对改善池塘水质效果的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)和三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)养殖池塘中进行了底充式增氧对池塘水质改善效果试验。结果表明,增氧2~3h能减小或消除池塘温度和溶解氧(DO)跃层,显著提高池塘底层水体的ρ(DO)(P〈0.05)。在上午8:00~11:00这段时间开增氧机的效果最佳;试验池塘的氨氮(NH4+-N)和亚硝酸盐(NO2--N)的质量浓度为对照池塘的72.5%~74.1%和2.6%~2.7%,能促进池塘氧化反应,降低有害物质的含量,改善池塘环境条件。  相似文献   

2.
为明确刺参养殖池塘中微孔增氧的效果以及增氧管的布设间距、增氧时间对水体溶氧的影响,研究测定了在夏季刺参养殖池塘一个增氧周期内(每天23:00—7:00增氧8 h,7 d一个周期)水体中溶氧(DO)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_2~--N)、COD的变化。结果显示:连续充气增氧的8 h内DO持续增加,增氧2 h上升速率缓慢,增氧2~6 h上升速率迅速提高,增氧6~8 h上升速率下降,连续充气8 h能够显著改变夜间溶氧降低现象;增氧7 d时间内,NO_2~--N和COD持续下降,分别由0.025 mg/L下降到0.014 mg/L、18.46 mg/L下降到14.15 mg/L。对充氧管道不同距离处DO的测定结果表明,距离增氧管1~2 m处DO较高,3~4 m处缓慢下降,与1~2 m处差异不显著(P0.05),DO保持在5.22 mg/L左右,距离5 m以上时DO下降速度较快,与1~2 m处差异显著(P0.05)。研究表明:微孔增氧可以明显增加水体DO,减少COD、NO_2~--N;微孔增氧机充氧时间6~8 h效果较好;微孔增氧管之间的布设距离在6~8 m可以实现高效增氧。  相似文献   

3.
为探索一种节能环保、绿色低碳的中华鳖养殖新模式,利用条件相似的2组室外池塘进行了桃-鳖种养模式和鱼-鳖混养模式对比养殖试验,比较和分析了2种模式下池塘水质变化规律。结果显示:试验过程中,2种模式下池塘水体总氨氮(TAN)质量浓度无规律性变化,但桃-鳖种养模式的TAN质量浓度在试验后期显著低于鱼-鳖混养模式(P<0.05);试验期间,桃-鳖种养模式下水体亚硝酸盐氮(NO2--N)和硝酸盐氮(NO3--N)质量浓度均显著低于鱼-鳖混养模式(P<0.05),并均呈现逐渐降低的变化趋势;而鱼-鳖混养模式下水体NO2--N质量浓度呈现先降后升再降的变化趋势,NO3--N质量浓度呈先升后降的变化趋势。桃-鳖种养模式水体的酸碱度(pH)呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,而鱼-鳖混养模式的水体pH则呈先升高后降低再升高的变化趋势,且桃-鳖种养模式水体的pH的水体显著高于鱼-鳖混养模式(P<0.05);2种模式下水体高锰...  相似文献   

4.
通过对分别安装叶轮增氧机和涌浪机池塘的溶氧量、pH值、叶绿素-a监测分析,结果表明,叶轮式增氧机的应急增氧效果优于涌浪机,同功率的涌浪机增氧面积优于叶轮式增氧机;涌浪机安装池塘的水深应大于1.5m,利于发挥其增氧功效.  相似文献   

5.
最近,笔者发现一些养鱼场(户)在池塘使用增氧机时缺乏科学性,直接影响增氧效果。根据本人养鱼工作实践提出如下探讨。 一、增氧机的作用 叶轮增氧机具有增氧、搅水和曝气等综合作用。它虽然在运转过程中同时完成,但在不同情况下,三者所起的作用各有其特殊性。 (1)增氧作用。增氧机的增氧效果与池水本身溶氧成反比。即只有在池塘溶氧较低的夜  相似文献   

6.
通过田间试验探讨了底层增氧与不增氧池塘中水温、溶解氧、pH、NH3-N和NO2--N的变化规律,以及幼蟹暴露在空气中的时间、蜕壳频次、个体体质量频数分布等,并讨论与评估了底层增氧的生态学效应。结果表明:不增氧池塘水体在夏季易形成"温跃层"及溶解氧的"日较差"和"水层差",而底层增氧可有效打破池塘水体的"温跃层"和溶解氧的"水层差",减小温度变化及底层低氧对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹的胁迫,而且使溶解氧、NH3-N和NO2--N浓度以及pH保持在河蟹正常生长所要求的范围,促进幼蟹的蜕壳,提高个体的体质量和肥满度。  相似文献   

7.
试验比较了无油滑片式微孔曝气增氧机与传统的叶轮式增氧机对南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)养殖池塘的溶解氧、对虾生长及经济效益的影响.经过4个月养殖试验,结果发现,上午10:00时测得的池塘溶解氧都高于5.9 mg/L,但使用微孔曝气增氧的试验塘溶解氧在养殖过程中高于叶轮式增氧机增氧的对照塘;微孔曝气增氧的池塘,7月份和8月份养殖的南美白对虾的全长分别为6.68 cm和8.98cm,体质量分别为3.19g和9.21 g,显著高于叶轮式增氧的池塘(P<0.05),但9月份收获时终末体长、体质量与对照塘相比无显著差异;试验塘的饲料系数(1.05)低于对照塘的饲料系数(1.16);微孔曝气增氧提高了亩产量,销售利润(3454.1元/亩)是叶轮式增氧机增氧(2308.1元/亩)的1.5倍.微孔曝气增氧是南美白对虾池塘养殖较好的增氧方式.  相似文献   

8.
将9个40 cm×24 cm×16 cm泡沫箱放在实验室靠窗处,每个箱中放养12尾体长(7.3±0.56)cm,体质量(3.88±0.78)g的麦穗鱼(Pseudorasbora parva),搭建占水体面积35%的水蕹菜(Ipomoea aquatica)和罗莎生菜(Lactuca sativa)浮床,菜根裹海绵固定防止其松动,用纱布裹住菜根防止麦穗鱼啃食。试验设水蕹菜-麦穗鱼和罗莎生菜-麦穗鱼2个处理组和1个单养麦穗鱼的对照组,每组设3个重复。每隔7 d取一次水样,检测水体p H、溶氧(DO)、总氨氮(TAN)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO2--N)、硝酸盐氮(NO3--N)和总氮(TN)含量等指标,研究水蕹菜和罗莎生菜对麦穗鱼养殖系统水质的影响。结果显示,水蕹菜和罗莎生菜能维持麦穗鱼养殖水体pH及DO浓度稳定,使水体TAN浓度降至较低水平;水蕹菜组和罗莎生菜组水体NO2--N和NO3--N浓度显著低于对照组(P<...  相似文献   

9.
为研究桂林地区池塘生态养蟹的可行性,随机选取3个池塘,分析池塘上、下层水和水源水的水质以及河蟹的生长情况。结果表明:河蟹生长期第1次和第4次蜕壳时,池塘水的pH显著高于水源水(P<0.05);第1次和第3次蜕壳时,上层水的pH显著高于下层水(P<0.05)。第1、第2次和第4次蜕壳时,池塘水的溶氧量(DO)显著高于水源水(P<0.05);第1次和第4次蜕壳时,上层水的溶氧量显著高于下层水(P<0.05)。池塘水的总氮含量与水源水差异不显著(P>0.05),上、下层水的总氮(TN)含量差异也不显著(P>0.05)。在河蟹4次蜕壳过程中,池塘水总磷含量显著低于水源水(P<0.05);第1次和第2次蜕壳时,下层水总磷含量显著高于上层水(P<0.05)。桂林地区养蟹的水源水基本符合地表水环境质量标准(GB 3838—2002)Ⅲ类标准,除氨氮和总氮含量偏高外,其它水质指标基本适合河蟹的生长。除氨氮和总氮含量偏高外,池塘生态养蟹废水的水质指标基本符合淡水池塘养殖水排放要求(SC/T 9101—2007)一级标准。成蟹的平均体质量,雄蟹为(195.46±5.73) g,雌蟹为(153.25±4.89) g,基本上达到了“雄四雌三”的优质蟹标准。雄蟹成活率为(23.40±2.10) %,雌蟹为(25.20±1.98) %。  相似文献   

10.
利用室内试验与池塘试验相结合的方法,研究了不同浓度的EM菌(有益微生物)原液对海参养殖水体理化因子的影响。结果表明,EM菌对水体的溶解性固体(TDS)和电导率无显著影响(P〉0.05);能显著增加水体氧化还原电位(ORP)、溶解氧(DO)、透明度(SD)(P〈0.05):其中添加EM菌原液4×10^9cfu/m^3的试验箱效果最好,ORP和DO分别平均增加3.39%和26.20%,试验池塘的ORP、DO和sD分别平均增加8.38%、18.58%和54.69%;pH在各试验箱均缓慢下降,但差别不显著(P〉0.05),试验池比对照池平均下降3.94%,均值为7.79,仍在适宜范围内。  相似文献   

11.
增氧机池塘增氧效果试验的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研究不同型式的增氧机性能,可使生产者根据不同养殖对象与模式针对溶氧的需求,选择配置合适的增氧方式。通过对使用最为广泛的叶轮式、水车式、射流式和曝气式增氧机产品性能的池塘实效试验,分析比较各类增氧机性能、工作特性和适用范围。结果表明,养殖水体溶解氧主要来自浮游植物的光合作用;叶轮式、水车式和射流式增氧机应用于服务水域,其增氧能力远远不能满足该水域养殖鱼类的氧需求,但可满足养殖鱼类的应急氧需求;曝气式增氧机因没有应急增氧作用和水体搅拌能力而不适合四大家鱼等常规鱼种的养殖需要。  相似文献   

12.
The reaction of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in an ice‐ and snow‐covered pond to depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO) in winter was recorded using radio telemetry. The carp moved from the deeper parts of the pond to the shallow areas near the tributary in search of better oxygenated water. Evidence was found that feeding occurred until December but ceased with the oxygen crisis. After the carp farmer started aeration to improve the oxygen supply, carp returned towards the deeper parts of the pond. The gross activity was significantly correlated with DO (P<0.001) and was not influenced by water temperature (P>0.05). The clear documentation of the carp's reaction to oxygen depletion suggests, that radio telemetry may be useful for investigating the effects of various stress factors on fish in pond aquaculture.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous dissolved oxygen (DO) measurements were analyzed to evaluate the rates of pond metabolic processes related to productivity and respiration in three commercial catfish ponds in northwest Mississippi. Multiple regression models were constructed to assess the relative importance of various forcing functions on indices of net primary productivity (NPP) and whole pond respiration (WPR), duration of automated aeration, and DO concentration below various threshold values. Water temperature, solar radiation, wind run, cumulative feed, and lagged values of these parameters were considered as forcing functions. Generally, NPP and WPR were most strongly affected by water temperature and only weakly related to solar radiation. The duration of nightly aeration was also strongly related to water temperature, although 10-d cumulative feed was an important predictor in one pond. The best predictors of duration of DO below certain threshold values were NPP, WPR and wind run, the importance of which varied depending upon the pond and the threshold value considered. Change in feeding rate from one day to the next was inversely related to feeding rate on the previous day. The results of this analysis suggest that NPP and WPR rates, and the duration of required nightly aeration in commercial catfish ponds are controlled by factors not amenable to practical management control.  相似文献   

14.
Roy  Subha M.  P  Jayraj  Machavaram  Rajendra  Pareek  C. M.  Mal  B. C. 《Aquaculture International》2021,29(3):1181-1217

The growing intensive aquaculture system around the world maintains a high stocking density, wherein it is essential to increase and sustain the optimum dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) through the provision of artificial aeration systems. The selection of an aerator is a crucial aspect of aquaculture operations. The selected aerator must be economically efficient and should be able to fulfill the requirement of oxygen supply in the pond water. The present study provides an extensive literature review on the importance of artificial aeration in aquaculture, the standard method of test for performance evaluation of an aerator, various aeration systems and their mechanisms, method to determine the numbers of aerator requirement, comparative studies of different type of aerators, and economic consideration in selection of aerators. In addition, a thorough analysis has been done to suggest the type of aerator that is economically viable and efficient for different pond volumes based on the performance data reported in the reviews. Therefore, this study may help the end-users (fish farmers) to select the best aerator based on their requirements.

  相似文献   

15.
为探究河蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)精养池塘中伊乐藻(Elodea nuttalli)管理对藻类水华的预防和控制作用,2017年6月10日至10月25日在上海泖港地区河蟹精养池塘进行试验。实验设置处理组(控制植株高度30 cm)和对照组(控制植株在水面以下20 cm)。对池塘水质进行监测,利用回归分析判别水质理化因子与Chl-a浓度之间的关系。结果显示,对照组水体Chl-a的平均浓度是处理组的4.66倍(P0.01),且TP、PO_4-P、T、pH、DO和SD都显著高于处理组(P0.05),两组的Chl-a浓度与TP、PO_4-P、T、pH、DO呈显著的正相关,与SD呈显著的负相关(P0.01),处理组Chl-a浓度还与NO_3-N具有显著的正相关性(P0.05),与COD_(Mn)、NH_4-N、NO_2-N、TN、TN/TP不相关,说明营养物质特别是TP和PO_4-P的增多一定程度上会促进藻类的生长,河蟹精养池对伊乐藻的管理比常规处理能够更有效地抑制藻类生长,从而达到生态养殖的目的。  相似文献   

16.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a key ecological factor to measure the quality of water in the aquaculture. As the pond water body is affected by the breeding environment, the spatial distribution of DO shows a certain law in the entire pond. Therefore, to simulate the distribution of DO in aquaculture waters and grasp the temporal and spatial variation of DO is the key to achieving precise regulation of DO. For this purpose, this paper proposed a method for simulating the temporal and spatial distribution of DO in pond culture based on a sliding window-temporal convolutional network together with trend surface analysis (SW-TCN-TSA). This paper first utilized SW to construct DO data sets with different prediction durations, and then used the improved TCN model to realize one-dimensional time series prediction for DO at single monitoring point. Based on the prediction results of DO, a TSA method was performed on the predicted values of DO at the extreme moments of all discrete monitoring points, so as to realize the simulation of the temporal and spatial distribution of DO in the pond. Experimental results show that the SW-TCN model has better prediction performance for one-dimensional time series prediction of DO. Compared with traditional deep networks, such as CNN, GRU, LSTM, CNN-GRU and CNN-LSTM, the values of evaluation indicators (MSE, MAE and RMSE) have been greatly improved. In the process of trend surface fitting, all fitting R2 of DO at different water depths are higher than 0.9, indicating that the TSA can accurately reflect the temporal and spatial distribution of DO. This method can provide a basis for the prediction and early warning of DO in the three-dimensional space of the pond and has high practicability in aquaculture.  相似文献   

17.
水产养殖过程中,池塘生态系统可分为自成熟期和人工维持期。在养殖容量提高的情况下,养殖生物呼吸需氧量在不断增加,缺氧条件下有机物分解成有害物质,影响养殖生产。维持池塘生态系统稳定的主要工程机制为:通过上下水层交换、平衡营养元素等方法,强化光合作用,提高营养物质转化规模,提升初级生产力;形成生态增氧为主、机械增氧为辅的高效增氧机制。以中国养殖池塘生态系统为研究对象,分析探讨养殖池塘生态机制、水体溶氧理论、增氧机作用机理、不同类型增氧机的机械性能等,提出了大宗淡水鱼混养池塘及几种典型单养池塘增氧机配置方式,从而为池塘养殖系统增氧机的配置提供技术参考。  相似文献   

18.
摘要:利用室内试验与池塘试验相结合的方法,研究了不同浓度的EM菌原液对海参养殖水体理化因子的影响效果。结果表明,EM菌对水体的溶解性固体(TDS)、电导率(cond)无显著影响(p>0.05);能显著增加水体氧化还原电位(ORP)、DO、透明度(SD)(p<0.05):其中以Ⅳ组(4*109cfu/m3)效果最好,分别平均增加3.39%(试验箱)和8.38%(试验池)、26.20%(试验箱)和18.58%(试验池)、54.69%(试验池);pH各试验箱间缓慢下降,但差别不显著(p>0.05),试验池比对照池平均下降3.94%,均值为7.79,仍在适宜范围内。 关键词:EM菌; 海参养殖; 水体理化因子  相似文献   

19.
微孔曝气式增氧机的性能及应用效果   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为研究微孔曝气增氧机的增氧性能和池塘应用效果,按照标准规定的方法进行了增氧性能的试验和不同水深对增氧性能影响的试验,并在池塘中进行应用效果的试验。结果显示:微孔曝气式增氧机具有比叶轮式增氧机等增氧机更强的增氧能力,但不同配置的机型,增氧能力随配套功率和曝气管长度的增加而增强,动力效率则呈明显下降趋势;增加曝气管布置深度可以提高增氧性能,安装深度从2 m增加到4 m,增氧能力增加285%,动力效率增加207%,与其它养殖池塘机械增氧设备相比,池塘水体越深,微孔曝气式增气机的增氧优势越明显。目前,池塘采用微孔曝气式增氧机的配置方式不具优势,需要改进提升。  相似文献   

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