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1.
This study was conducted to study the effects of dietary zinc on lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and antioxidant defence of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) by feeding fish with increasing levels of zinc (15.3, 26.9, 40.8, 58.2, 68.9 and 92.5 mg Zn kg?1) for 6 weeks. Results indicated that malondialdehyde (MDA) content and protein carbonyls (PC) in serum were the highest in fish fed diet containing 15.3 mg zinc kg?1 diet (P < 0.05). Serum antisuperoxide anion (ASA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), glutathione reductase (GR) activities and glutathione (GSH) content were improved with increasing dietary zinc levels up to 40.8 mg zinc kg?1 diet (P < 0.05) and levelled off (P > 0.05). Serum antihydroxy radical (AHR), catalase (CAT) and glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) activities followed the similar pattern to that observed in ASA. The MDA and PC levels, ASA, AHR, SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GST activities and GSH content in intestine, hepatosomatic and muscle tissue followed the similar pattern to that observed in serum. The present results indicated that zinc decreased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation and improved antioxidant defence in fish.  相似文献   

2.
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary phosphorus on the intestine and hepatopancreas antioxidant capacity of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Jian carp, with an average initial weight of 7.17 ± 0.01 g, were fed with diets containing graded concentrations of available phosphorus, namely 1.7 (control), 3.6, 5.5, 7.3, 9.2 and 11.0 g kg?1 diet for 9 weeks. Results showed that, in intestine and hepatopancreas, content of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and glutathione (GSH), capacity of anti‐superoxide anion (ASA) and anti‐hydroxyl radical (AHR), and glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), glutathione S‐transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were significantly affected by dietary phosphorus levels (P < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that significant quadratic responses occurred in MDA content and ASA, GST, GPx and AHR activities in intestine, GSH content and CAT and SOD activities in hepatopancreas (P < 0.05). These results indicate that optimal level of dietary phosphorus prevented oxidative damage and increased antioxidant enzyme activities in the intestine and hepatopancreas of juvenile Jian carp. The phosphorus requirement estimated from MDA using quadratic regression analysis was 5.7 g kg?1 diet.  相似文献   

3.
Oxidative damage and antioxidant status of intestine and hepatopancreas for juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed graded levels of methionine hydroxy analogue (MHA: 0, 5.1, 7.6, 10.2, 12.7, 15.3 g kg?1 diet) for 60 days were studied. Radical scavenging ability, antioxidant enzymes activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reducase (GR), as well as glutathione (GSH), protein carbonyl (PC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were assayed in these tissues. Results indicated that anti‐superoxide anion capacity in intestine and anti‐hydroxyl radical capacity in hepatopancreas significantly improved with dietary MHA levels up to 7.6 and 10.2 g kg?1 diet respectively, whereupon they decreased (P < 0.05). SOD, CAT, GST, GPX, GR activities in intestine and hepatopancreas, as well as GSH content in hepatopancreas significantly increased with optimal MHA levels which were in the range of 5.1–10.2 g kg?1 diet, and thereafter decreased (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, MDA and PC contents in these tissues together with GOT and GPT activities in plasma significantly decreased with optimal MHA levels which were in the range of 5.1–7.6 g kg?1 diet, and thereafter increased (P < 0.05). These results suggested that MHA improved antioxidant status and depressed lipid and protein oxidation in intestine and hepatopancreas.  相似文献   

4.
Lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and antioxidant status of serum and muscle in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed graded levels of methionine hydroxy analogue (MHA: 0, 5.1, 7.6, 10.2, 12.7, 15.3 g kg?1 diet) for 60 days were investigated. Both malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl content in serum and muscle decreased with increasing dietary MHA level up to 5.1–10.2 g kg?1 diet (P < 0.05). Anti‐hydroxyl radical and activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in muscle and serum, as well as anti‐superoxide anion, superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione content in serum, increased with optimal MHA supplement (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, glutathione‐S‐transferase activity in serum showed a downward trend with dietary MHA up to 7.6 g kg?1 diet (P < 0.05). These results indicated that MHA improved antioxidant status and depressed lipid and protein oxidation in serum and muscle.  相似文献   

5.
A total of 1400 juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) (8.93 ± 0.03 g) were fed diets containing graded levels of vitamin K at 0.027 (basal diet), 1.52, 3.02, 4.51, 6.02 and 7.52 mg kg?1 diet for 60 days to investigate the effects of vitamin K on growth, enzyme activities and antioxidant capacity in the hepatopancreas and intestine. Percentage weight gain (PWG), feed intake and feed efficiency of fish were improved by vitamin K. Activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase and lipase in the intestine and hepatopancreas and Na+, K+‐ATPase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase in the intestine were increased by vitamin K. Malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents in the hepatopancreas and intestine were decreased with vitamin K supplements. Certain level of vitamin K increased antihydroxyl radical, antisuperoxide anion, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione‐S‐transferase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities and glutathione contents in the hepatopancreas and intestine. Intestinal Lactobacillus, E. coli and Aeromonas were changed with vitamin K supplements. Together, these results indicate that vitamin K improved fish growth, digestive and absorptive ability, and anti‐oxidant capacity. The dietary vitamin K requirement of juvenile Jian carp (8.93–73.7 g) based on PWG was 3.13 mg kg?1 diet.  相似文献   

6.
This study was to investigate the effect of dietary thiamin on the immune response and intestinal microflora in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Seven diets (0.25, 0.48, 0.79, 1.06, 1.37, 1.63 and 2.65 mg thiamin kg?1) were fed to Jian carp (8.20 ± 0.02 g). At the end of feeding trial, red blood cell counts and white blood cell counts increased with increasing dietary thiamin levels up to 0.79 and 1.06 mg kg?1 diet, respectively (P < 0.05); Lactobacillus counts in intestine increased gradually, and maximum values obtained when the thiamin level was at 0.79 mg kg?1 diet (P < 0.05). After the feeding trial, fish were injected with Aeromonas hydrophila only one time on the first day of the challenge trial and fed the same diets as the growth trial for 17 days. The survival rate, leucocyte phagocytic activity, lectin potency, acid phosphatase activity, lysozyme activity, total iron‐binding capacity and immunoglobulin M content of fish after being injected with A. hydrophila were all improved with increasing dietary thiamin levels up to a point, respectively (P < 0.05). These results suggested that thiamin could improve immune response and the balance of intestinal microflora of juvenile Jian carp.  相似文献   

7.
A 9‐week feeding trial was carried out with juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) to study the effects of dietary phosphorus on growth, body composition, intestinal enzyme activities and microflora. Quadruple groups of juvenile Jian carp (7.17 ± 0.01 g) were fed practical diets containing available phosphorus 1.7 (unsupplemented control), 3.6, 5.5, 7.3, 9.2 and 11.0 g kg?1 diet to satiation. Feed intake, specific growth ratio and feed efficiency were the lowest in fish fed the basal diet (P < 0.05). Body moisture, protein, lipid content and ash were all significantly affected by dietary available phosphorus levels (P < 0.05). Activities of trypsin, amylase, Na+, K+‐ATPase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase were improved with increasing dietary phosphorus levels. Intestinal Aeromonas and Escherichia coli decreased with increasing dietary phosphorus up to 3.6 and 5.5 g kg?1 diet respectively (P < 0.05), while Lactobacillus increased with the increasing dietary phosphorus up to 9.2 g kg?1 diet (P < 0.05). These results suggested that phosphorus could enhance intestinal enzyme activities of juvenile Jian carp and the minimum dietary available phosphorus requirement for SGR of juvenile Jian carp (7.2–63.8 g) was 5.2 g kg?1 diet.  相似文献   

8.
A 60‐day feeding trial was carried out with juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) to study the effects of myo‐inositol (MI) on the growth, digestive enzyme and intestinal microbial population. Diets with seven levels of inositol (163.5, 232.7, 384.2, 535.8, 687.3, 838.8 and 990.3 mg MI kg?1 diet) were fed to Jian carp (initial weight 22.28±0.07 g). Per cent weight gain (PWG) was improved with increasing inositol levels up to 535.8 mg MI kg?1 diet (P<0.05), and plateaued (P>0.05). The protein production value, lipid production value and ash production value were increased with increasing dietary inositol levels up to 384.2, 838.8 and 838.8 mg MI kg?1 diet respectively (P<0.05). Although intestinal protein content and trypsin activity were not affected by inositol levels (P>0.05), chymotrypsin, lipase and amylase activities in intestine were the lowest for fish fed the MI‐unsupplemented diet (P<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase, Na+, K+‐ATPase, γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase and creatinkinase activities in the intestine were increased with an increase in the inositol levels up to 384.2–687.3 mg MI kg?1 diet (P<0.05). Intestinal Aeromonas hydrophila and Escherichia coli decreased with an increase in the levels of dietary inositol up to 232.7 and 687.3 mg MI kg?1 diet respectively (P<0.05), while Lactobacillus in the intestine increased with an increase in inositol levels up to 990.3 mg MI kg?1 diet (P<0.05). In conclusion, inositol improved growth, digestive capacity and intestinal microbial population of juvenile Jian carp, and the dietary inositol requirement for PWG of juvenile Jian carp is 518.0 mg MI kg?1 diet.  相似文献   

9.
A total of 1050 juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) (8.20 ± 0.02 g) were fed diets containing seven graded levels of thiamin (0.25, 0.48, 0.79, 1.06, 1.37, 1.63 and 2.65 mg kg?1) for 60 days to investigate the effects of thiamin on growth, body composition and digestive enzyme activities. Percent weight gain (PWG), feed intake and feed efficiency (FE) were the lowest in fish fed the basal diet (P < 0.05). Protein productive value and lipid productive value increased with increasing dietary thiamin levels up to 1.06 and 0.79 mg kg?1 diet, respectively (P < 0.05). Body protein and lipid increased with increasing dietary thiamin levels (P < 0.05), while moisture and ash of fish carcasses decreased with the increase in dietary thiamin supplementation (P < 0.05). Intestinal folds height had a similar trend to PWG (P < 0.05). Activities of α‐amylase, lipase, trypsin, Na+, K+‐ATPase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase in intestine were all affected by the dietary thiamin (P < 0.05). In conclusion, thiamin could improve growth and intestinal enzyme activities of juvenile Jian carp. The dietary thiamin requirement of juvenile Jian carp (8.0–60.2 g) based on PWG was 1.02 mg kg?1 diet.  相似文献   

10.
A 6‐week trial was carried out with 900 juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) to investigate the effects of dietary zinc on growth, body composition and intestinal enzyme activities. Diets supplemented with increasing levels (15.3, 26.9, 40.8, 58.2, 68.9 and 92.5 mg Zn kg?1) of zinc lactate were fed to Jian carp (mean initial weight 15.7 ± 0.01 g). Results indicated that per cent weight gain (PWG), feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and lipid productive value (LPV) enhanced with dietary zinc levels up to 40.8 mg kg?1 diet (P < 0.05), and plateaued thereafter (P > 0.05). Feed intake (FI) was similar to that observed for PWG. Intestosomatic index (ISI), relative gut length (RGL), hepatopancreas protein content (HPC), intestine protein content (IPC), trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, amylase, alkaline phosphatase (AKP), Na+, K+‐ATPase and γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (γ‐GT) activities were all higher by dietary zinc supplementation than zinc un‐supplementation (P < 0.05). These results suggested that zinc could promote growth and increase nutrient deposition and intestinal enzyme activities. The dietary zinc requirements (use zinc lactate as zinc source) of juvenile Jian carp (15.7–42.2 g) based on PWG and serum zinc were 48.7 and 43.2 mg Zn kg?1 diet, respectively.  相似文献   

11.
A 60‐day feeding trial was carried out to investigate the effect of iron on growth, body composition and digestive enzyme activities. Diets with seven levels of iron (53.9, 90.0, 115.6, 146.1, 176.0, 215.8 and 266.0 mg iron kg?1 diet) were fed to Jian carp (initial weight 11.4 ± 0.0 g). Per cent weight gain (PWG), feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio were the lowest in fish fed the basal diet (P < 0.05). Body protein content was increased with the increasing iron levels (P < 0.05), but moisture, lipid and ash of fish were not significantly affected by dietary iron levels (P > 0.05). Activities of trypsin, lipase, α‐amylase, Na+, K+‐ATPase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase were improved with increasing dietary iron levels. Serum iron were significantly enhanced with dietary iron levels up to 146.1 mg iron kg?1 diet, and plateaued. In conclusion, iron improved digestive enzyme activities of juvenile Jian carp and the dietary iron requirement for serum iron of juvenile Jian carp (11.4–64.0 g) was 147.4 mg iron kg?1 diet with ferrous fumarate as the iron source.  相似文献   

12.
A total of 1200 juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) (8.76 ± 0.02 g) were fed diets containing graded levels of histidine at 2.3 (unsupplemented control), 4.4, 6.3, 8.6, 10.8 and 12.7 g kg?1 diet for 60 days to investigate the effects of histidine levels on growth performance, body composition, intestinal enzymes activities and microflora. Specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, protein productive value, body protein content and lipid content of fish were lowest in fish fed the basal diet (P < 0.05). Activities of glutamate‐pyruvate transaminase in muscle and hepatopancreas, trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase, lipase activities in intestine and hepatopancreas, and Na+, K+‐ATPase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase activities in three intestinal segments were improved by dietary histidine (P < 0.05), whereas glutamate‐oxaloacetate transaminase activities and plasma ammonia content followed an opposite trend. The amounts of Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli and Aeromonas were significantly affected by dietary histidine levels (P < 0.05). These results suggested that histidine could improve growth and enhance intestinal enzymes activities of juvenile Jian carp. The dietary histidine requirement of juvenile Jian carp (8.76–68.02 g) based on SGR was 7.8 g kg?1 diet or 2.38 g 100 g?1 protein by quadratic regression analysis.  相似文献   

13.
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary pyridoxine on disease resistance, immune responses and intestinal microflora of fish. A total of 1050 Jian carp (11.71 ± 0.05 g) were randomly distributed into seven groups, feeding diets containing graded levels of pyridoxine (0.2, 1.7, 3.2, 5.0, 6.3, 8.6 and 12.4 mg kg?1 diet). After 80 days of feeding, a challenge trial was conducted by injection of Aeromonas hydrophila for 17 days. Results indicated that with increasing dietary pyridoxine concentration up to 5.0 mg kg?1 diet, survival rate after challenge with A.hydrophila and phagocytic activity of leukocyte were improved (P < 0.05), and plateaued thereafter (P > 0.05). Red blood cell and white blood cell counts were lowest when fed the diet containing 1.7 mg pyridoxine kg?1 diet. Haemagglutination titre, lysozyme activity, acid phosphatase activity, total iron‐binding capacity, antibody titre and immunoglobulin M content followed the similar pattern to that observed with survival rate. Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus counts in intestine were not affected by dietary pyridoxine concentration (P > 0.05). These results suggested that pyridoxine could enhance immune response of fish.  相似文献   

14.
This study was designed to determine the dietary lysine requirement of juvenile Jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. Jian). A total of 990 juvenile Jian carps (initial weight 7.89 ± 0.04 g) were randomly allocated six groups of each three replicates, feeding isonitrogenous (320 g kg?1 crude protein) and isolipidic (50 g kg?1 crude fat) diets containing graded levels of coated l ‐lysine, with dietary lysine content ranging from 22 to 69 g kg?1 of protein, respectively, for 80 days. Final weight, protein deposition and protein production value were significantly improved in response to the increasing levels of dietary lysine up to 59 g kg?1 of protein and remained nearly constant thereafter. Whole‐body protein content followed a similar pattern as growth parameters in relation to dietary lysine level. Hepatopancreas and intestine protein content, hepatopancreas index (HSI) and intestine index (ISI) were positively affected by dietary lysine level. The dietary lysine requirement of juvenile Jian carp estimated by broken line analysis based on weight gain was 59 g kg?1 of protein.  相似文献   

15.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of myo‐inositol (MI) on non‐specific immune and specific immune defence in fish. A total of 1050 Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) (22.28±0.07 g) were randomly distributed into seven groups, of three replicates each, of feeding diets containing graded levels of MI (163.5, 232.7, 384.2, 535.8, 687.3, 838.8 and 990.3 mg MI kg?1 diet). After a 60‐day growth trial, an infectious trial was conducted by injection of Aeromonas hydrophila for 17 days. Results showed that the red blood cell (RBC) and the white blood cell count were significantly increased with increasing MI levels up to 535.8 mg kg?1 diet (P<0.05). The spleen index showed a tendency similar to RBC, whereas the head kidney index showed the inverse pattern (P<0.05). The phagocytic activity of leucocytes, haemagglutination titre, lysozyme activity, anti‐A. hydrophila antibody titre and immunoglobulin M, after being injected with A. hydrophila, were all improved with an increase in the MI levels up to 232.7–687.3 mg kg?1 diet respectively (P<0.05). Myo‐inositol did not influence serum acid phosphatase activity and total iron‐binding capacity (P>0.05). These results suggested that MI could enhance non‐specific immune and specific immune responses in fish.  相似文献   

16.
A total of 1050 Jian carp, Cyprinus carpio var. Jian (23.39 ± 0.06 g) were randomly divided into seven groups of each three replicates, which were fed respectively with seven semi‐purified diets contained 1.25, 2.71, 4.22, 5.78, 7.23, 8.83 and 11.44 mg riboflavin kg?1 diet for 6 weeks. The results showed that riboflavin significantly improved percent weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio at the level of 4.22 mg kg?1 diet. Gross protein retention efficiency and lipid production value improved with increasing dietary riboflavin levels from 1.25 to 5.78 mg kg?1. Activities of trypsin, lipase, α‐amylase, Na+,K+‐ATPase and alkaline phosphatase in the intestinal tract were significantly improved with increasing riboflavin levels. Weight and protein content of hepatopancreas, intestine protein and intestine length index were also significantly improved.  相似文献   

17.
A total of 900 juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) (8.24 ± 0.03 g) were fed practical diets containing graded levels of methionine hydroxy analogue (MHA) (0, 5.1, 7.6, 10.2, 12.7 and 15.3 g kg?1 diet) for 60 days to investigate the effects of MHA on growth, protein deposition and intestinal enzymes activities. Per cent weight gain (PWG) significantly increased with increasing levels of MHA up to a point (P < 0.05), and thereafter declined. Feed efficiency was the highest when MHA level was at 5.1 g kg?1 diet. Feed intake (FI) significantly enhanced with dietary MHA level up to a point (P < 0.05), beyond which it plateaued. Patterns of differences in protein production value, lipid production value, intestosomatic index, folds height, lipase, chymotrypsin, γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase, Na+, K+‐ATPase, creatinekinase, glutamate‐oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate‐pyruvate transaminase activities were the same as that in PWG, whereas the trend of plasma ammonia content was opposite. Hepatopancreas protein content, trypsin and amylase activities followed the same trend as that of FI. The optimal supplemental level of MHA for fish meal and miscellaneous meals–based diet (6.9 g methionine kg?1 diet) for PWG was 8.2 g kg?1 diet by the quadratic regression analysis.  相似文献   

18.
This study investigated the effects of phenylalanine on growth, digestive and absorptive ability and antioxidant status of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Young grass carp were fed diets containing 3.4 (basal diet), 6.1, 9.1, 11.5, 14.0 and 16.8 g phenylalanine kg?1 diet with a fixed of 10.7 g tyrosine kg?1 diet for 8 weeks. Percent weight gain (PWG), feed efficiency and feed intake of fish were the lowest in fish fed the basal diet (P < 0.05). Trypsin, lipase and amylase activities in the hepatopancreas, and antioxidants including glutathione contents and glutathione reducase activities in the hepatopancreas and intestine were all the highest in fish fed 11.5 g phenylalanine kg?1 diet (P < 0.05). Trypsin, chymotrypsin and amylase activities in whole intestine, and creatine kinase, Na+, K+‐ATPase and alkaline phosphatase activities in the proximal intestine, and superoxide dismutase activities in the hepatopancreas and intestine were all the highest when phenylalanine at level of 9.1 g kg?1 diet (P < 0.05). In conclusion, phenylalanine improved growth, digestive and absorptive ability, and antioxidant capacity of young grass carp. The phenylalanine requirement of young grass carp (256–629 g) based on PWG was 10.4 g kg?1 diet or 3.44 g 100 g?1 protein.  相似文献   

19.
A total of 1400 juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) (7.72 ± 0.02 g) were fed seven purified diets containing 0.010 (basal diet), 0.028, 0.054, 0.151, 0.330, 1.540 and 2.680 mg biotin kg?1 for 63 days to investigate the effects of biotin on growth, body composition, intestinal enzyme activities and microbiota. Specific growth rate (SGR), feed intake, feed efficiency and protein retention value were the highest when dietary biotin level was 0.151 mg kg?1 diet. Crude protein, lipid and ash content of fish carcass improved with increasing dietary biotin levels up to 0.054, 0.151 and 0.028 mg kg?1 diet, respectively (P < 0.05). Intestinal folds height, trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, Na+, K+‐ATPase, γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase and creatinekinase activities increased with dietary biotin levels up to 0.151–0.330 mg kg?1 diet (P < 0.05). Intestinal Aeromonas and Escherichia coli significantly decreased with increasing dietary biotin up to 0.151 mg kg?1 diet, while Lactobacillus and Bacillus significantly increased with dietary biotin levels up to 0.054 and 0.151 mg kg?1 diet, respectively. In conclusion, biotin could improve digestive and absorptive ability of fish, and the dietary biotin requirement for SGR of juvenile Jian carp (7.72–32.67 g) was 0.15 mg kg?1 diet.  相似文献   

20.
A 60‐day experiment was carried out to study the effects of vitamin C [ascorbic acid (AA)] on the growth, digestive enzyme activities and intestinal microbial population. Diets with six levels (0.0, 21.4, 45.1, 69.5, 93.6 and 142.1 mg AA kg?1 diet) of supplemental ascorbyl polyphosphate were fed to juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) (12.63±0.02 g). The specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency and productive protein value were significantly improved with increasing AA levels up to 45.1 mg AA kg?1 diet (P<0.05). The hepatopancreas and muscle AA concentrations were increased with increasing dietary AA levels up to 69.5 and 45.1 mg kg?1 diet respectively (P<0.05). The activities of intestinal trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, α‐amylase, Na+, K+‐ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase and creatinkinase were all positively affected by the AA supplementation (P<0.05). Intestinal Lactobacillus and Bacillus were increased with increasing AA levels up to 45.1 mg AA kg?1 diet (P<0.05), while intestinal Escherichia coli decreased with increasing AA levels up to 45.1 mg AA kg?1 diet (P<0.05). In conclusion, AA improve the digestive capacity and intestinal microbial population of Jian carp, and the dietary AA requirement for SGR of juvenile Jian carp was 40.9 mg AA kg?1 diet.  相似文献   

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