共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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目前，在江浙一带，黄鳝的主要养殖方式是收购野生黄鳝种进行驯养，因饵料供应的不稳定性及野生黄鳝资源的日趋衰竭的现状，使黄鳝养殖业难以走上规模发展的道路。能否规模化育苗？能否经驯化后摄食配合饲料以及利用人工配合饲料投喂的黄鳝生长状况如何（包括生长速度及体色）？这是黄鳝走规模养殖道路必须解决的三个主要问题。在生产实际中，大规格的野生黄鳝种经驯化后能摄食人工投喂的动物性饵料，如小鱼、蚯蚓、蚌肉等，但是比较难以驯化摄食人工配合饲料。黄鳝幼苗对饲料是否具有较强的可塑性呢？２００１年笔者对刚孵化尚带着卵黄囊的… 相似文献
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成虾养殖的中期管理工作主要包括投饵、施肥、水质调控以及日常管理。一、饲料与投喂进人七月以后，随着虾个体增长、摄食量不断增加，饲料投喂一定要跟上，不能再依靠天然饵料生物。1．饲料罗氏沼虾的饲料主要有颗粒饲料、杂鱼、蚯蚓及其他动物碎肉等。养殖前期以颗粒饲料为主，适当搭配杂鱼虾等动物性饵料。颗粒饲料蛋白质含量一般为35％～40％，随虾体增大不断降低。原料有鱼粉、饼类、添加剂和15％左右的面粉（作粘合剂），如自己加工饲料，可用鲜杂鱼代替鱼粉。八月份以后要加大动物性饵料比重。2．投喂日投喂三次，即6：00、16：00、2… 相似文献
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为了研究杂交鳜摄食非鲜活饵料鱼的生长情况,分别用冰冻饵料鱼和配合饲料饲喂杂交鳜10周,并以鲜活饵料鱼作对照,比较不同饲料对杂交鳜生长、成活率及体成分的影响。试验结果:鲜活饵料鱼组的杂交鳜生长最快,显著高于配合饲料组(P0.05),但与冰冻饵料鱼组之间无显著差异(P0.05)。杂交鳜的成活率在各处理组之间无显著性差异(P0.05)。配合饲料组杂交鳜的脂肪含量显著低于鲜活饵料鱼组和冰冻饵料鱼组,而蛋白质含量则显著高于鲜活饵料鱼组和冰冻饵料鱼组(P0.05)。冰冻饵料鱼组杂交鳜的蛋白质含量显著低于鲜活饵料鱼组(P0.05),但脂肪含量则高于鲜活饵料鱼组。试验结果表明,可用冰冻饵料鱼替代鲜活饵料鱼来饲喂杂交鳜,从而在一定程度上减少杂交鳜对鲜活饵料鱼的依赖。摄食配合饲料的杂交鳜虽然生长速度较慢,但其体成分中蛋白质含量相对较高,脂肪含量相对较低,鱼肉品质得到提高。 相似文献
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摄食不同饵料对翘嘴鳜生长、体成分和消化酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究三种不同饵料对翘嘴鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)生长性能、体成分和消化酶的影响,实验选取初始体重为(113.56±11.82)g的翘嘴鳜900尾,随机分成3组,分别投喂活饵料鱼、冰鲜饵料鱼和商品饲料,进行60 d的养殖试验。结果显示:(1)冰鲜组、活饵组和饲料组翘嘴鳜的成活率、增重率、特定生长率和蛋白效率均无显著性差异。饲料组翘嘴鳜肥满度显著小于其他两组,肝体比和脏体比均显著大于其他两组。(2)三组翘嘴鳜体成分中的水分、蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分均没有显著性差异。(3)翘嘴鳜肌肉各种氨基酸含量和总氨基酸量在三组之间的差异均不显著。饲料组翘嘴鳜肌肉中不饱和脂肪酸中的棕榈油酸、油酸、亚油酸、花生烯酸、EPA、神经酸、DHA的含量及总饱和脂肪酸、总单不饱和脂肪酸、总多不饱和脂肪酸均显著高于其他两组。(4)肝脏脂肪酶、肠道淀粉酶的活性在三组翘嘴鳜之间均没有显著性差异。冰鲜组翘嘴鳜肝脏淀粉酶、肠道脂肪酶活性均显著高于其他两组。结果表明:翘嘴鳜经过驯化可以摄食配合饲料,且不影响其生长性能。翘嘴鳜摄食饲料后,其肌肉氨基酸没有发生显著性的变化,不饱和脂肪酸的含量显著升高。 相似文献
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为研究不同饵料对江鳕稚鱼生长速度及成活率的影响,采用枝角类、水丝蚓、鲤鱼苗和配合饲料等4种不同饵料进行了江鳕稚鱼的饲养试验.21 d的试验结果表明,投喂枝角类的稚鱼成活率最高,而投喂配合饲料的稚鱼成活率最低.试验开始后的前2周,投喂枝角类的稚鱼生长速度最快;投喂配合饲料的稚鱼生长明显最慢;自第3周起,投喂鲤鱼苗的稚鱼生长明显加快,到试验结束时,其生长速度超过了投喂枝角类和水丝蚓两组的稚鱼,全长相对增长率最高;而投喂配合饲料的稚鱼,其全长相对增长率最低.可见江鳕稚鱼对饵料有很强的选择性,在稚鱼生长初期,枝角类是保证其成活率和生长速度的最优饵料.当稚鱼生长达到一定体长后,应及时调整饵料种类(投喂鲤鱼苗),以保证其正常的生长速度. 相似文献
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D. C. Dauwalter 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2013,20(4):289-301
Energy development threatens fish and wildlife resources worldwide. This study used constrained ordinations to show fish assemblage structure associated with oil and gas well densities in the Colorado River Basin, Wyoming, but well densities explained only 6.4% of assemblage structure when compared to other factors. Threshold Indicator Taxonomic ANalysis showed significant negative threshold responses by some species to small levels of development (<0.15 wells km?2), whereas positive thresholds were less distinct. Some native and imperilled species could be disproportionately affected if future oil and gas development proceeds in a manner that will impact aquatic resources. Although existing development has not substantially influenced regional fish assemblage structure, it appears to affect a subset of species. Understanding assemblage‐level responses to development can help land managers determine appropriate development levels, prioritise areas for monitoring associated with future development and identify where land protection measures may be needed to offset potential risks. 相似文献
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Claude E. Boyd Louis R. D'Abramo Brent D. Glencross David C. Huyben Lorenzo M. Juarez George S. Lockwood Aaron A. McNevin Albert G. J. Tacon Fabrice Teletchea Joseph R. Tomasso Jr Craig S. Tucker Wagner C. Valenti 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2020,51(3):578-633
Important operational changes that have gradually been assimilated and new approaches that are developing as part of the movement toward sustainable intensive aquaculture production systems are presented via historical, current, and future perspectives. Improved environmental and economic sustainability based on increased efficiency of production continues to be realized. As a result, aquaculture continues to reduce its carbon footprint through reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Reduced use of freshwater and land resources per unit of production, improved feed management practices as well as increased knowledge of nutrient requirements, effective feed ingredients and additives, domestication of species, and new farming practices are now being applied or evaluated. Successful expansion into culture of marine species, both off and on shore, offers the potential of substantial increases in sustainable intensive aquaculture production combined with integrative efforts to increase efficiency will principally contribute to satisfying the increasing global demand for protein and food security needs. 相似文献
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A report is presented of esophagoscopy and gastroscopy in cats and dogs using flexible endoscopes. Following consideration of the basic equipment, an account is given of patient preparation and anesthesia, topography, investigation technique and normal findings. Diagnostic potential, indications and risks involved are discussed. 相似文献
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Roberto Mendoza Alfaro Carlos Aguilera González & Allyse M Ferrara 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(7):748-763
Many lepisosteid populations in North America have declined and many are now threatened as a consequence of habitat loss and alteration and commercial and sport overfishing. Over the last two decades, morphological, histological and molecular studies allowed distinguishing between different phases of development and the nutritional condition of larvae. Ontogeny of the digestive enzymes of gar larvae indicated the possibility to feed them artificial feeds since early developmental stages. An in vitro digestibility system to test different feed ingredients has been used. Important characteristics of artificial diets were identified through different feeding experiments. Endocrinological studies showed the feasibility of altering larval development and the digestive capacity of larvae. Cloning of gar growth hormone opened new avenues to enhance growth in the gars. Plasmatic vitellogenin was isolated and purified, to develop a competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, which allowed the straightforward separation of males from females to establish appropriate proportions for reproduction and also was used to evaluate hormonal protocols to induce gonad recrudescence and spawning. This review analyzes the biology, ecology and physiology of different gar species as a basis for their domestication, mass production of larvae for repopulation experiments and for the culture of commercial‐size gar. 相似文献
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奶牛酮病发病机理研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
结合国内外目前研究状况较为详细的综述了奶牛酮病的病因与发病机理,并分析了奶牛酮病发生的生化机制。旨在对临床实践中很好的认识诊断和群体监控奶牛酮病提供较为系统的理论依据,保证奶牛群的高产和稳产,从而创造良好的经济效益。 相似文献
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本试验利用饲养试验方法,研究玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加植酸酶时不同磷水平和钙磷比对生长肥育猪血清指标和骨骼性能的影响。试验选用162头20kg左右的杜长大三元杂交猪进行2×3(磷水平×钙磷比)因子饲养试验,试验分2个阶段进行,前期为生长期体重在20-60kg,后期为肥育期体重为为60-100kg。结果表明:添加植酸酶日粮磷水平对血清磷含量和碱性磷酸酶的活性影响显著(P<0.05);钙磷比对血清钙和血清磷含量的影响显著(P<0.05);添加植酸酶日粮磷水平和钙磷比对生长肥育猪骨骼性能的影响不显著(P>0.05)。在添加植酸酶条件下,降低日粮磷水平不影响猪的正常生长发育。 相似文献
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“十一五”以来,我国农垦加快体制机制改革、结构调整和经济增长方式的转变的步伐,参与市场竞争,努力提升企业和产品竞争力,经济社会事业发展较快,对国家的贡献提升,职工收入、生活质量明显提高和改善,示范引领作用不断增强。本文针对农垦体制机制创新进展滞缓,战略定位与发展方向不明,经济增长方式转变和结构调整缺乏资本、人才、技术的支撑,没有处理好改革、发展、稳定、民生的关系,投资匮乏,发展后劲不足,人才短缺和劳动力素质低下的现状,提出在未来农垦体制机制创新中要特别关注改革方向、目标设定与评估,改革要在现行法律法规的框架内运作,改革时机的选择,处理好改革发展稳定与民生的关系,调整好内部利益分配关系,自觉融入区域经济,与地方协同发展等问题。为了促进农垦的发展,建议国家加大对农垦体制机制创新、现代农业建设、国有农场土地资源的保护、社会保障体系的完善等财政和政策的支持力度。 相似文献
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Abstract Catch composition, relative abundance and diversity of fish catches in open access and three old fisheries closures were compared and contrasted with previous ecological studies. There was less variation in catch community composition among the fishing grounds than the closures, suggesting that fishing has homogenised catch composition. The trap survey found that some parrotfish [ Leptoscarus vaigiensis (Quoy &Gaimard), Calotomus carolinus (Valenciennes) and Scarus ghobban Forsskål] were relatively more common and that some important predators of macro-invertebrates [ Balistapus undulatus (Mungo Park) and Cheilinus chlorourus (Bloch)] were less common in the fishing grounds than closures. Unexpectedly, and in contrast to visual census results, cumulative number of species in catch surveys was higher in open access than closures sites. This may result from fishers covering more area and habitat or a reduction in the catch of competitively subordinate and rare species by aggressive, early-caught fish that can dominate bait. Comparisons of ecological visual census surveys and fisheries-dependent methods indicated that small differences in catch composition can reflect larger ecological differences and that baiting methods can underestimate biodiversity. Ecological impacts of fishing and large-scale changes in marine ecosystems must be considerable given the many fisheries-dependent assessments report modest changes. 相似文献
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温度与盐度对老年低额蚤和蚤状蚤生长及生殖的影响王丹丽，李明云，杨天勇，胡章（宁波大学，３１５０１０）关键词老年低额 ，蚤状 ，温度，盐度，生长，生殖ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＳＡＬＩＮＩＴＹＯＮＧＲＯＷＴＨＡＮＤＲＥＰＲＯＤＵＣＴ... 相似文献