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Mokrini Fouad Viaene Nicole Waeyenberge Lieven Dababat Abdelfattah A. Moens Maurice 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2019,126(1):1-11
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Root-lesion nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus are among the most important nematode pests that limit production of small-grain cereals. Four... 相似文献
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短体线虫隶属于垫刃目(Tylenchida Thorne, 1949),垫刃亚目(Tylenchina Chitwood, 1950),短体科(Pratylenchidae Thorne, 1949),短体亚科(Pratylenchinae Thorne, 1949),短体线虫属(Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1936),是一类重要的迁移性内寄生植物病原线虫 [1]。国内外已报道该属线虫百余种。其中我国已报道种类有P.alleni、 P.artemisiae、 P.coffeae、 P.crenatu、 P.cruciferus、 P.dioscoreae、 P.hexincisus、 P.loosi、 P.penetrans、 P.pratensi、 P.neglectus、 P.penetrans、 P.scribneri、 P.thornei、 P.varicaudatus、 P.vulnus及P.zeae 17种。近年来,随着世界各地贸易往来日益频繁,植物线虫的传播机会大大增加,我国口岸也先后从进境植物根围截获P.brachyurus、 P.neglectus、 P.zeae、 P.coffeae、 P.penetrans、 P.pinguicaudatus等。基于本类群线虫的重要性和国内以往的鉴定都主要单纯依据形态学特征,本研究结合形态学和rDNA的PCR-RFLP及序列分析技术对浙江和海南不同寄主上植物线虫调查时发现的4个短体线虫群体进行了鉴定。 相似文献
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Pratylenchus bolivianus (Nematoda, Pratylenchidae) an important parasitic lesion nematode of ornamental and crop plants was found in association with... 相似文献
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) are the most common plant-parasitic nematodes present in apple orchards in South Africa. During a survey... 相似文献
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The distribution of the plant-parasitic nematodes Pratylenchus coffeae sensu lato and Meloidogyne spp. were studied in two plots, one in Guatemala ( P. coffeae and M. paranaensis ) and the other in Costa Rica ( P. coffeae and M. exigua ). The quantity of nematodes per g fresh weight root were counted for each coffee tree sampled. The distributions were aggregated, and generally fitted well to negative binomial distributions. Population aggregation was greater when a smaller number of nematodes were involved, suggesting that initial colonization develops in foci. Analyses of the relationships between population levels of the species suggested that there was competition between Pratylenchus coffeae and Meloidogyne spp. This competition was expressed differently depending on the relative population density of the different species. 相似文献
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安徽省盆景基地盆景根际线虫种类鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
报道了１９９４￣１９９６年安徽主要盆景基地盆景根际线虫的分离鉴定结果。鉴定线虫１０个属１６个种,重要种类有斯克里布纳根腐线虫和食真菌线虫。 相似文献
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Paulo Mazzafera Roberto K. Kubo Mário M. Inomoto 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2004,110(8):861-865
The objective was to study CO2 fixation and photoassimilate partition in coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings infested with the lesion nematode Pratylenchus coffeae. Seedlings infested with 0, 1000 and 8000 Pratylenchus coffeae nematodes were exposed to 14CO2 and the incorporation and distribution of radioactivity were followed in the roots, stems and leaves. Fresh mass, pigments, soluble sugars, sucrose and specific radioactivity of sucrose in the plant parts were determined. At the highest level of infestation almost all the parameters were significantly changed showing the carbon fixation in the leaves and partitioning to the roots were decreased. Since lesion nematodes are not sedentary and do not form feeding sites that could be characterised as metabolic sinks, it is suggested that their damage is more readily expressed by the leaves, through a reduction in photosynthesis and phloem transport. 相似文献
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Detection and analysis of inter- and intraspecific diversity of Pratylenchus spp. using isozyme markers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The root-lesion nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus are an economically important group of plant parasitic nematodes that show high similarity among sibling species. Isozyme patterns obtained by isoelectrofocusing (IEF) were used to differentiate and establish genetic relatedness among Pratylenchus species. A total of 40 populations comprising 9 Pratylenchus species and Radopholus similis from broad host and geographic origins was examined to compare isozyme patterns of esterase (EST), hexoquinase (HK), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), phosphoglucomutase (PGM) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Of these systems, only EST, MDH, PGI and PGM were useful for differentiation of P. vulnus , P. goodeyi , P. penetrans , P. scribneri , P. thornei and R. similis populations. The greatest intraspecific diversity was found within P. coffeae based on the isozyme patterns for MDH, PGI and PGM. Intraspecific variability was also detected among R. similis populations, which showed two isozyme patterns in EST and PGI systems. Less intraspecific variation was found within the P. penetrans group. The P. goodeyi population from Cameroon differed from the other populations in this specific group in its MDH, PGI and PGM phenotypes. Highly similar banding patterns of EST, MDH and PGI activity were found among the P. scribneri populations and the one population of P. agilis . A cluster analysis of the 40 populations, generated from the four enzyme banding patterns, produced groupings that broadly matched the previous classification into specific groups, reflecting intraspecific variability in some cases. The results confirm the potential use of isozyme patterns as markers for these nematode species and their value for diagnostic application. 相似文献
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云南省灯盏花根际土壤寄生线虫的种类鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
2001-2005年对云南省灯盏花主要栽培区的灯盏花根部及根际土壤的寄生线虫进行分类鉴定,共鉴定出9种线虫:内卷滑刃线虫(Aphelenchoides involutus)、燕麦真滑刃线虫(Aphelenchus avenae)、异头丝尾垫刃线虫(Filenchus heterocephalus)、双宫螺旋线虫(Helicotylenchus dihystera)、南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、草地短体线虫(Pratylenchus pratensis)、活泼平滑垫刃线虫(Psilenchus hilarulus)、戴维恩垫刃线虫(Tylenchusdavainei)和广东垫刃线虫(Tylenchus guangdongensis)。优势种群是双宫螺旋线虫,其次是南方根结线虫。灯盏花是这些线虫的新记录寄主。 相似文献
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The root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei is one of the most important pests restricting productivity of wheat in the Pacific Northwest (PNW). It is laborious and difficult to use microscopy to count and identify the nematodes in soils. A SYBR Green I-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed to detect and quantify this species from DNA extracts of soil. A primer set, designed from the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1) of rDNA, was highly specific to P. thornei and did not amplify DNA from 27 isolates of other Pratylenchus spp., other nematodes, and six fungal species present in PNW wheat fields. A standard curve relating threshold cycle and log values of nematode number was generated from artificially infested soils. The standard curve was supported by a high correlation between the numbers of P. thornei added to soil and the numbers quantified using real-time PCR. Examination of 15 PNW dryland field soils and 20 greenhouse samples revealed significant positive correlations between the numbers determined by real-time PCR and by the Whitehead tray and microscopic method. Real-time PCR is a rapid, sensitive alternative to time-consuming nematode extractions, microscopic identification, and counting of P. thornei from field and greenhouse soils. 相似文献
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In experiments with both sterile and non-sterile natural soil,Pratylenchus scribneri interacted, perhaps synergistically, withHelminthosporium pedicellatum Henry (Trichometasphaeria pedicellatum Nelson) to enhance the fungus’ invasion of corn roots, with a subsequent increase in severity of root rot disease and a decline in productivity. Water stress appeared to influence the response of the corn plant to the root rot disease rather than the disease development. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT The induction of defense compounds in oats (Avena sativa) in response to invasion by parasitic nematodes and to application of the wound hormone methyl jasmonate was examined. Oats cv. Quoll seedlings were challenged with Pratylenchus neglectus, Heterodera avenae, and Ditylenchus dipsaci and treated with 1 x 10(-4) M methyl jasmonate. Three compounds, isolated in methanolic root and shoot extracts of oats, exhibiting an absorbance spectrum typical of flavone glycosides, were induced by nematode invasion and methyl jasmonate. These were identified as flavone-C-glycosides by mass spectrometry. The effect of the flavone-C-glycosides on the invasion by and development of cereal cyst nematode H. avenae was assessed using methanolic extracts of shoots and roots from methyl jasmonate-treated plants. Both extracts impaired nematode invasion and development. When the extracts were fractionated by high voltage paper electrophoresis, only one flavone-C-glycoside, O-methyl-apigenin-C-deoxyhexoside-O-hexoside, inhibited nematode invasion. The protective effect of the induction of flavone-C-glycosides in oats by methyl jasmonate was evaluated against H. avenae and P. neglectus. Treatment with methyl jasmonate reduced invasion of both nematodes and increased plant mass, compensating for damage caused by the nematodes, and is attributed to the active flavone-C-glycoside. The active compound, O-methyl-apigenin-C-deoxyhexoside-O-hexoside, has not been implicated previously in plant defense against any pest or pathogen, and appears to provide protection against the major cereal nematodes Heterodera and Pratylenchus. 相似文献
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C. A. Collingwood 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(1):46-55
Abstract Forty-seven plant nematode species were found associated with 33 crops, bringing the total number of plant nematode species reported from the state to 68. Meloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria, Pratylenchus zeae, Tylenchorhynchus brassicae, Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Xiphincma americanum, Heterodera avenae and H. zeae cause extensive damage. Vegetables were the most adversely affected of all the crops investigated. 相似文献
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‘99昆明世博会参展植物寄生线虫的检疫初报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本次博览会参展植物种类多,来源广,带土普遍疫情复杂。在严处国内外的参展植物中截获矛线目和垫刃目的１３个科的５６个属,其中在参展植物中截获我国对外检疫潜在危险性线。 相似文献
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In a nematode survey of Tylenchida carried out in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) growing areas in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, 15 species were determined as belonging to ten genera of eight families within the superfamilies Tylenchoidea, Dolichodoroidea, Hoplolaimoidea and Anguinoidea. Each of them constitutes a new record on groundnut in Turkey, andScutylenchus tumensis Skwiercz andPratylenchus brachyurus (Godfrey) are reported for the first time in the nematofauna of Turkey. 相似文献
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本文汇总了2008～2010年南海口岸进境林木种苗的线虫截获情况,共截获15科26属超过40种植物寄生线虫,其中检疫性线虫有7种,分别为短体线虫(非中国种)Pratylenchus Filipjev(non-Chinese species)、毛刺线虫属(传毒种类)Trichodorus Cobb(The species transmit viruses)、根结线虫(非中国种)Meloidogyne Goeldi(non-Chinese species)等;根据携带线虫状况分析了检疫性线虫的截获情况,提出了防止危险性线虫入境、扩散措施,为口岸防止线虫入境提供借鉴。 相似文献
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Pratylenchus thornei invaded excised pea roots in agar in greater numbers and penetrated the cortex more deeply than P. crenatus . Both species fed on the roots ectoparasitically and displaced root cells into the surrounding medium. The cytoplasm of cortical cells near cither nematode became granulated, with enlarged vacuoles and nuclei. P. thornei also caused these responses in the endodermis. Infection of the root surface with a grey sterile fungus inhibited invasion by P. crenatus and P. thornei . Infection by Thielaviopsis basicola inhibited P. thornei invasion but encouraged penetration by P. crenatus and the hyphae were found deeper in the cortex when P. crenatus was present. 相似文献
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58种中(草)药对植物寄生线虫Meloidogyne javanica和Pratylenchu svulnus的药效研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
为寻找化学杀线虫的替代物,首次进行中国草药杀植物寄生线虫试验,从500多种有记载的杀线虫和昆虫的中草药中挑选58种进行筛选试验。研究表明,在试验条件下,22种中草药能杀死根结线虫Meloidogyne javanica,26种对短体线虫Pratylenchus vulnus有很强药效,其中9种明显杀死它们。试验还指出,大部分中草药都有不同程度的麻醉作用,受麻醉作用的线虫当转入水中后会复苏并恢复活力,麻醉作用程度随药物种类而异并随时间增加而明显加强。 相似文献