共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 493 毫秒
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为了明确磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶（phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase,PEPC）序列在濒危岩牡丹属植物分子鉴定中的作用，本文研究了6种21份岩牡丹属植物，提取基因组DNA作为PCR扩增模板，对PEPC、matK和psbA-trnH基因片段进行扩增和测序。结果显示，岩牡丹属PEPC序列长度为679～1 079 bp,matK序列长度为898 bp,psbA-trnH序列长度为307 bp。PEPC序列在岩牡丹属种间差异较大，可以准确区分岩牡丹属6种物种。基于PEPC序列构建的系统进化树优于matK和psbA-trnH组合序列构建的系统进化树。PEPC序列可作为岩牡丹属植物鉴定的DNA条形码。 相似文献
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使用ITS、ITS2、psbA-trnH、rbcL和matK等序列对截获的10种苍耳属(Xanthium)杂草进行扩增测序,比较各序列的扩增和测序效率,采用最近距离法和相似性搜索算法评价不同序列的鉴定效率。采用最佳鉴定序列计算种间K2P距离并构建系统进化树。结果表明,ITS、psbA-trnH2个序列的扩增效率和鉴定效率最高;ITS序列的种间变异最大,其次是psbA-trnH序列,matK序列的种间变异最小;ITS序列的NeighborJoining(NJ)树可明显地将不同苍耳属杂草种分开;psbA-trnH序列可明显地将国内苍耳种和检疫性苍耳种分开。说明利用DNA条形码能够准确地鉴别苍耳属杂草,ITS和psbA-trnH序列是鉴别苍耳属杂草较理想的条形码组合。该研究结果为苍耳属杂草的分子鉴别提供了科学依据与新的思路。 相似文献
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显微结构观察快速鉴定Lolium属的籽实 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究通过对毒麦属的毒麦与其变种长芒毒麦、田毒麦及其近似种亚麻毒麦、多花黑麦草、黑麦草、波斯黑麦草、瑞士黑麦草等8个种的种子进行显微组织细胞结构解剖,观察、比较和综合分析各个种子内部盾胚的形态大小、上皮细胞和糊粉层细胞的形态结构的异同点.为口岸杂草检验检疫的快速准确鉴定提供科学依据. 相似文献
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毒麦(Lolium temulentum L.),属禾本科,早熟禾系,大麦族,黑麦草属。本属约有10种,我国已发现4种,皆由国外输入。毒麦原产欧洲,大约五十年代传入我国,开始在黑龙江、江苏、湖北三省蔓延为害。近年统计毒麦已传布到二十几个省、市、自治区,几乎遍及全国。1966年发布的《农业部关于执行对外植物检疫工作的几项规定》及《进口检疫对象名单(草案)》,已将毒麦列为检疫对象。现就毒麦属重要种的分布及形态特征简述如下。黑麦草属(别名:毒麦属)的主要形态 相似文献
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matK序列作为DNA条形码在苍耳属中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以matK序列作为DNA条形码,对从国外截获的7种苍耳属植物进行物种区分鉴定研究,采用DNeasyOPlantMiniKit试剂盒进行总DNA的提取,应用通用引物对其matK基因进行扩增,测序得到7种苍耳属植物的marK序列,利用MEGA5．1软件对这7种苍耳属植物的matK序列进行比对和分析并构建系统树,结果显示：matK序列能从基因位点层面对苍耳属植物进行区分鉴定。 相似文献
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毒麦和波斯黑麦草稃片的微形态比较刘长江（中国科学院植物研究所１０００４４）毒麦ＬｏｌｉｕｍｔｅｍｕｌｅｎｔｕｍＬ．属于黑麦草属，禾本科，颖果中含有毒麦碱（Ｔｅｍｕｌｉｎｅ，Ｃ７Ｈ１２Ｎ２Ｏ）等多种生物碱，混入粮食或饲料中能引起人、畜和家禽中毒。自１９... 相似文献
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Screening a genomic library of Lolium temulentum (darnel) with synthetic (GT)15 and (GA)15 oligonucleotides, we identified microsatellite‐containing clones. Based on the sequence data of the clones, specific primer pairs were synthesized and their effectiveness examined using 10 L. temulentum and two L. persicum accessions from Asia, Africa and Europe. Fifteen primer pairs amplified single fragments, and five of them showed polymorphism in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the L. temulentum and L. persicum accessions. Fifteen primer pairs reported in L. perenne (perennial ryegrass) were also applied in this study. Nine of them amplified the microsatellite alleles, and two of the nine showed polymorphic alleles in L. temulentum and L. persicum. For the polymorphic markers, polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.60 to 0.86 with an average of 0.76 among 10 L. temulentum accessions. The microsatellite markers developed for L. temulentum and L. perenne should be informative and powerful in analysing the intraspecific genetic diversity and the phylogenetic relationships of L. temulentum and L. persicum. 相似文献
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The origins of invasive weed populations can involve multiple species, introductions and genotypes. In California, USA, self-incompatible (SI) Lolium species are highly successful agricultural weeds. During the last decade, resistance to glyphosate has evolved in California populations of Lolium . However, the species identity of glyphosate-resistant populations is unclear. Occurrence of three SI species, L. multiflorum , L. rigidum and L. perenne , and the lack of reproductive barriers between them, suggests that any or all species may be contributing to resistant populations. To elucidate the identity and evolutionary history of resistant Lolium , we assessed genetic variation of known species and unknown California individuals using five simple sequence repeat loci, a nuclear DNA sequence and a chloroplast DNA sequence. Employing two analytical approaches, we identified three major genetic groups within the accessions of SI species that were similar, but not identical, to the taxonomic species identities. California glyphosate-resistant and susceptible plants were most closely related to the L. multiflorum group. However, a few glyphosate-resistant plants and a third of the glyphosate-susceptible plants also identified with L. rigidum and L. perenne . While L. rigidum and L. perenne contribute to invasive populations within California, the majority of glyphosate-resistant individuals tested were L. multiflorum . 相似文献
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从国内采集了毒麦种子进行毒麦内生真菌Gloeotiniatemulenta的分离培养,没有能够成功分离到毒麦内生真菌的菌株,苯胺蓝染色镜检观察毒麦种子内的内生真菌带菌率为0~65.4%。直接从毒麦种子中挑取内生真菌菌丝,用基因释放剂(genereleaser,BioVenture)处理后扩增测序获得了毒麦内生真菌的ITS序列(DQ235697),经过相似性比对和分析,所得序列和GenBank中的内生真菌的序列同源性高达99.4%~100%,排除了毒麦种子表面真菌和毒麦种子序列的可能性。 相似文献
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Populations of Lolium spp. collected in central Italy were screened for resistance to acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides and compared with known susceptible and resistant Lolium rigidum (Gaud.) populations from Australia. Populations Roma'94 and Tuscania'97 were up to 8- and 7.5-fold more resistant to diclofop-methyl, respectively, than susceptible populations in pot experiments. However, populations Tarquinia'97 and Vetralla'94 were not resistant. Diclofop-methyl resistance levels in the Italian populations were lower than in the Australian populations SLR31 and WLR96 (16.5 and > 64 times more resistant than S respectively). In an agar germination test, Tuscania'97 showed low levels of cross-resistance to fluazifop-p-butyl, whereas no cross-resistance was found in the Roma'94 population. 相似文献
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N-O Bertholdsson 《Weed Research》2004,44(2):78-86
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces and cultivars from Finland, Sweden, Denmark and the Baltic states, in total 127, were analysed for allelopathic activity against ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). The germplasm covered most of the gene pool used during 100 years of barley breeding. An agar‐based bioassay developed for screening allelopathic activity was used. In the germplasm from all countries a decreasing trend in allelopathic activity was observed with the introduction of new cultivars from 14% for the Swedish to 31% for the Finnish cultivars. In the Finnish, Swedish and Baltic cultivars an increase in root growth was noticed, and changes in root biomass therefore cannot explain the decrease in allelopathy. In fact, the allelopathic activity per milligram root decreased with 32–85%. In contrast, root growth decreased over time in the Danish collection. In the Finnish cultivars both two‐ and six‐row barley cultivars were tested with similar results. Allelopathic activity of barley probably originated from different landraces, and in most cases from a specific landrace from the Swedish island of Gotland. We suspect that more than 100 years of selection and breeding have resulted in a dilution of the genes from landraces and consequently a declining allelopathic activity. In the Swedish collection, two cultivars did not follow the general trend and in both cultivars, several landraces had been combined. 相似文献
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Debrah F Lorraine-Colwill Tim R Hawkes Patricia H Williams Simon AJ Warner Peter B Sutton Stephen B Powles Christopher Preston 《Pest management science》1999,55(4):489-491
Annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) is a widespread and important weed of Australia and populations of this weed have developed resistance to most major herbicides, including glyphosate. The possible mechanisms of resistance have been examined in one glyphosate-resistant Lolium population. No major differences were observed between resistant and susceptible biotypes in respect of (i) the target enzyme (EPSP synthase), (ii) DAHP synthase, the first enzyme of the target (shikimate) pathway, (iii) absorption of glyphosate, or (iv) translocation. Following treatment with glyphosate, there was greater accumulation of shikimate (derived from shikimate-3-Pi) in susceptible than in resistant plants. In addition, the resistant population exhibited cross-resistance to 2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl phosphonate, a herbicide which, although structurally similar to glyphosate, acts at an unrelated target site. On the basis of these observations we speculate that movement of glyphosate to its site of action in the plastid is involved in the resistance mechanism. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Weed populations with resistance to glyphosate have evolved over the last 7 years, since the discovery of the first glyphosate‐resistant populations of Lolium rigidum in Australia. Four populations of L. rigidum from cropping, horticultural and viticultural areas in New South Wales and South Australia were tested for resistance to glyphosate by dose–response experiments. All populations required considerably more glyphosate to achieve 50% control compared with a known susceptible population, indicating they were resistant to glyphosate. Translocation of glyphosate within these resistant populations was examined by following the movement of radiolabelled glyphosate applied to a mature leaf. All resistant plants translocated significantly more herbicide to the tip of the treated leaf than did susceptible plants. Susceptible plants translocated twice as much herbicide to the stem meristematic portion of the plant compared with resistant plants. These different translocation patterns suggest an association between glyphosate resistance in L. rigidum and the ability of glyphosate to accumulate in the shoot meristem. 相似文献