填闲种植和施氮量对旱作冬小麦农田土壤水分及作物产量的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张祺  王俊 《干旱地区农业研究》2018,36(6):120-124

田间试验研究了填闲种植和施氮对旱作冬小麦农田土壤水分和作物产量的影响。试验设双因素处理随机区组设计,填闲作物采用黑麦草单播(R)、长武怀豆单播(S)、黑麦草与怀豆混播(SR)以及裸地休闲(NC),氮肥水平设0、60、120 kg·hm-2三个水平。结果表明,与裸地休闲相比,长武怀豆单播和与黑麦草混播夏闲期降水贮存效率分别降低了9.2%和7.7%,小麦播前土壤含水量减少了19 mm和15 mm,进而导致后续小麦产量的显著下降;而黑麦草单播对土壤水分和后续小麦产量没有显著影响;种植小麦前施加氮肥可以提高粮食作物产量、收获指数和千粒重,同时可增加次年填闲作物生物量,但会加速土壤水分消耗、降低降水储存效率。从土壤水分和作物生产角度考虑,旱作冬小麦种植系统休闲期间可以考虑种植黑麦草以增加覆盖,提高肥力,但不建议填闲种植耗水量较高的怀豆等作物。  相似文献   

不同施氮量对半干旱区还田玉米秸秆腐解及养分释放特征的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈建英  罗超越  邱慧珍  邓德雷  张春红  郭亚军  张建斌 《干旱地区农业研究》2020,38(1):101-106

为了揭示还田玉米秸秆在不同施氮水平下的腐解及养分释放特征,在马铃薯田间定位试验中,设置了6个不同施氮水平(T1:0 kg·hm~(-2);T2:75 kg·hm~(-2);T3:150 kg·hm~(-2);T4:225 kg·hm~(-2);T5:300 kg·hm~(-2); T6:375 kg·hm~(-2)),研究其对还田玉米秸秆腐解及养分释放特征的影响。研究表明:还田玉米秸秆的腐解主要发生在前90 d,在此期间玉米秸秆腐解较快,T1～T6处理的玉米秸秆腐解率分别为37.3%、40.3%、44.8%、45.0%、50.8%、48.4%,以T5处理为最高,处理间差异显著(P0.05);同时,T1～T6处理的玉米秸秆碳、氮释放率分别为48.2%～56.6%、33.8%～44.4%,T5处理下秸秆的碳、氮释放率均显著高于其他处理(P0.05),而秸秆磷、钾的释放率分别为43.1%～49.2%、90.5%～93.0%,处理间无显著性差异。还田150 d后,玉米秸秆的腐解率为52.7%～55.8%,养分释放表现为KCPN。综上所述,连续施氮可以显著促进还田玉米秸秆前期的腐解及碳氮的释放,但对磷钾的释放无明显影响,当施氮量为300 kg·hm~(-2)时还田玉米秸秆的腐解效果最好。  相似文献   

小麦和玉米秸秆不同还田量下腐解特征及其养分释放规律   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

岳丹  蔡立群  齐鹏  张仁陟  武均  高小龙 《干旱区资源与环境》2016,(3):80-85

通过设置在甘肃省定西市安定区李家堡镇麻子川村尼龙网袋埋土试验,研究玉米、小麦秸秆在10g、30g、50g、70g四个还田量水平(等碳量以小麦含碳量为基准)的腐解特征及其养分释放规律。结果表明:经过100天的腐解,玉米、小麦秸秆的腐解速率均呈现出前期快、后期慢的趋势,玉米秸秆腐解率大于小麦秸秆。就秸秆四个还田量水平来说,还田量为26.23g的玉米秸秆腐解最快,累积腐解率为64.15%,而玉米秸秆还田8.74g处理的腐解最慢。而小麦秸秆还田量为50g的腐解效果较好,10g还田量水平下的腐解率最小。因此,玉米秸秆26.23g或小麦秸秆50g还田的腐解效果较好。  相似文献   

干旱荒漠条件下残茬分解特征和养分释放的研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

孙本华  吕家珑  张一平  孙升学  马健 《干旱地区农业研究》2003,21(3):34-37

以大豆秆为材料研究了荒漠生态条件下残茬的腐解率、腐解物的有机C、N和K的含量、养分释放率和C/N比的变化。结果表明:残茬的累积腐解率和有机C的分解率随腐解时间的延长呈上升的趋势,0～1.5个月和1.5～3个月残茬腐解率分别达19.7%和18.5%,0～1.5个月和1.5～3个月残茬有机C的分解率均为19.2%;腐解残留物的有机C、N和K的含量存在不同的变化,有机C的含量变化不大,N的含量则是先逐渐上升,6个月后基本不变,K的含量前1.5个月迅速下降,1.5～3个月缓慢下降,然后基本不变;整个腐解过程是N的固定过程,N的释放量和释放率均为负值,K的释放集中在前1.5个月,释放率达75.8%;腐解残留物的C/N比先迅速下降,6个月后基本不变,最终为35.9。  相似文献   

渭北旱区夏闲期豆科绿肥对土壤肥力性状的影响   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

赵娜  赵护兵  曹群虎  鱼昌为  孙蔚  李敏  曹卫东  高亚军 《干旱地区农业研究》2011,29(2):124-128

通过长武县田间试验,研究渭北旱塬地区夏闲期种植并翻压大豆、长武怀豆和绿豆等短期豆科绿肥对土壤肥力和其它理化性状的影响.结果表明:长武怀豆和绿豆的生物量显著高于大豆;长武怀豆植株氮和钾的还田量均最高,大豆的最低;绿豆磷的还田量最高,大豆最低;长武怀豆的根瘤丰富,含氮量显著高于大豆和绿豆.与夏季休闲处理相比,种植并翻压绿肥...  相似文献   

长期施肥对渭北旱塬麦田土壤线虫群落特征的影响     

杨盼盼  黄菁华  张欣玥  陈静  赵世伟 《干旱地区农业研究》2022,40(5):242-251

为探究长期定位施肥对黄土高原渭北旱塬麦田土壤线虫群落的影响,以长武国家黄土高原农业生态试验站的长期定位试验（1984—2018年）为平台,调查裸地（L）以及不施肥（CK）、施氮磷肥（NP）、单施有机肥（M）、氮磷肥配施有机肥（MNP）的小麦田土壤线虫群落数量、组成结构和生态功能指数,并分析其与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明：（1）小麦田土壤线虫数量显著高于裸地,而CK、M和MNP处理使小麦田中土壤线虫数量比NP处理提高了31.63%~56.20%;（2）施肥减缓了长期种植小麦导致的食细菌线虫（特别是头叶属）相对丰度的下降,单施有机肥的处理（M）植食性线虫相对丰度显著降低,同时,相比于CK,施用有机肥的M和MNP处理杂食/捕食线虫相对丰度分别增加了18.4%和8.24%,表明有机肥对杂食/捕食线虫的促进作用;（3）长期施肥处理土壤线虫Shannon多样性指数（H）和指示土壤健康状况的瓦斯乐卡指数（WI）分别为1.80~2.19和0.36~0.68,相较于裸地（H=2.36;WI=1.57）有所下降,但M和MNP处理的线虫成熟度指数（MI）和结构指数（SI）均高于其他处理（L、CK和NP处理）,表明施用有机肥有助于土壤食物网维持复杂的结构和成熟稳定的状态;（4）不同施肥措施下土壤全氮、有机碳、微生物生物量碳和氮以及可溶性碳的变化是影响土壤线虫数量和群落特征的重要环境因素。  相似文献   

地表覆盖对黄土高原土壤有机碳及其组分的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

梁贻仓  王俊  刘全全  刘文兆 《干旱地区农业研究》2014,32(5):161-167

基于中国科学院长武黄土高原农业生态实验站2008年开始田间定位试验资料,分析研究秸秆覆盖与地膜覆盖对黄土高原土壤有机碳（SOC）及其组分的影响,试验包括5个处理：对照不覆盖（CK）、作物生育期9000 kg ·hm-2秸秆覆盖（M1）、作物生育期4500 kg·hm-2秸秆覆盖（M2）、夏闲秸秆覆盖（SF）、作物生育期地膜覆盖（PM）。2010（干旱年）、2012（丰水年）两次测定结果表明：0～30 cm土层平均,与CK相比,2012年土壤有机碳（SOC）含量M1处理提高了7．4％,潜在矿化碳（PCM）含量M1、M2、SF处理分别提高了37．8％、23．9％、7．2％,微生物量碳（MBC）含量M1和M2处理分别提高了59．9％和42．3％,碳库管理指数（CMI）M1、M2、SF 处理分别提高了53．1％、35．6％、13．9％;2010年M1处理CMI较CK提高了16．1％（P＜0．05）,其余处理土壤有机碳各指标与CK差异两年均不显著。不同覆盖方式对表层土壤有机碳及各项指标影响较大,随土层加深影响减弱,其中秸秆覆盖4年后碳库管理指数均有显著提高。两种活性有机碳的相对含量与其各自绝对含量的变化基本一致,且有机碳各指标间显著相关。综合来看,高量秸秆覆盖能够提高表层土壤有机碳及其组分含量,地膜覆盖对土壤有机碳及其组分积累影响不大。  相似文献   

Dermestid beetles in ‘evolution Canyon’, lower Nahal Oren, Mt. Carmel, including new records for Israel     

Jiří Háva  Tomáš Pavlíček  Vladimir Chikatunov  Eviatar Nevo 《Phytoparasitica》2001,29(2):97-101

Fifteen species of dermestid beetles were recorded at ‘Evolution Canyon’ (EC), Lower Nahal Oren, Mt. Carmel, Israel. They represent ~35% of known Israeli dermestid species. The following three species were recorded for the first time in Israel:Trogoderma svriaca Dalla Torre, 1911;Ctesias svriaca Ganglbauer, 1904; andAnthrenus (s.str.) jordaniens Pic, 1934. Adults of 13 species were collected on the more solar radiated, warmer and climatically more fluctuating south-facing slope (SFS); ten species were collected on the opposite, north-facing slope (NFS), which was cooler and climatically more stable. The abundance of adult dermestid beetles was 1.9 times higher on the SFS than on the NFS (86 and 47, respectively). Species richness and abundance distribution at EC (three collecting stations on each slope and one at the valley bottom) were significantly negatively correlated with the plant cover that consisted of trees and bushes (Spearmanr _s ,P=0.007 and 0.039, respectively) and perennials (Spearmanr _s ,P=0.039 and 0.077, respectively), indicating that non-woody plants were preferred by adult dermestid beetles.  相似文献   

Diagnostics,genetic diversity and pathogenic variation of ascochyta blight of cool season food and feed legumes     

Paul W. J. Taylor  Rebecca Ford 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,119(1):127-133

Molecular diagnostic techniques have been developed to differentiate the Ascochyta pathogens that infect cool season food and feed legumes, as well as to improve the sensitivity of detecting latent infection in plant tissues. A seed sampling technique was developed to detect a 1% level of infection by Ascochyta rabiei in commercial chickpea seed. The Ascochyta pathogens were shown to be genetically diverse in countries where the pathogen and host have coexisted for a long time. However, where the pathogen was recently introduced, such as A. rabiei to Australia, the level of diversity remained relatively low, even as the pathogen spread to all chickpea-growing areas. Pathogenic variability of A. rabiei and Ascochyta pinodes pathogens in chickpea and field pea respectively, appears to be quantitative, where measures of disease severity were based on aggressiveness (quantitative level of infection) rather than on true qualitative virulence. In contrast, qualitative differences in pathogenicity in lentil and faba bean genotypes indicated the existence of pathotypes of Ascochyta lentis and Ascochyta fabae. Therefore, reports of pathotype discrimination based on quantitative differences in pathogenicity in a set of specific genotypes is questionable for several of the ascochyta-legume pathosystems such as A. rabiei and A. pinodes. This is not surprising since host resistance to these pathogens has been reported to be mainly quantitative, making it difficult for the pathogen to overcome specific resistance genes and form pathotypes. For robust pathogenicity assessment, there needs to be consistency in selection of differential host genotypes, screening conditions and disease evaluation techniques for each of the Ascochyta sp. in legume-growing countries throughout the world. Nevertheless, knowledge of pathotype diversity and aggressiveness within populations is important in the selection of resistant genotypes.  相似文献   

Epidemiology of Toxigenic Fungi and their Associated Mycotoxins for Some Mediterranean Crops   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

Antonio Logrieco  Antonio Bottalico  Giuseppina Mulé  Antonio Moretti  Giancarlo Perrone 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(7):645-667

Recent data on the epidemiology of the common mycotoxigenic species of Fusarium, Alternaria, Aspergillus and Penicillium in infected or colonized plants, and in stored or processed plant products from the Mediterranean area are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the toxigenicity of the causal fungal species and the natural occurrence of well known mycotoxins (aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, zearalenone, patulin, Alternaria-toxins and moniliformin), as well as some more recently described compounds (fusaproliferin, beauvericin) whose toxigenic potential is not yet well understood. Several Fusarium species reported from throughout the Mediterranean area are responsible of the formation of mycotoxins in infected plants and in plant products, including: Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum, F. cerealis, F. avenaceum, F. sporotrichioides and F. poae, which produce deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, fusarenone, zearalenone, moniliformin, and T-2 toxin derivatives in wheat and other small grains affected by head blight or scab, and in maize affected by red ear rot. Moreover, strains of F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum, and F. subglutinans, that form fumonisins, beauvericin, fusaproliferin, and moniliformin, are commonly associated with maize affected by ear rot. Fumonisins, were also associated with Fusarium crown and root rot of asparagus and Fusarium endosepsis of figs, caused primarily by F. proliferatum. Toxigenic A. alternata strains and associated tenuazonic acid and alternariols were commonly found in black mould of tomato, black rot of olive and citrus, black point of small cereals, and black mould of several vegetables. Toxigenic strains of A. carbonarius and ochratoxin A were often found associated with black rot of grapes, whereas toxigenic strains of A. flavus and/or P. verrucosum, forming aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, respectively, were found in moulded plant products from small cereals, peanuts, figs, pea, oilseed rape, sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, pistachios, and almonds. Finally, toxigenic strains of P. expansum and patulin were frequently found in apple, pear and other fresh fruits affected by blue mould rot, as well as in derived juices and jams.  相似文献   

Hymenopteran Parasitoids on Fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera) in Latin America and the Southern United States: Diversity, Distribution, Taxonomic Status and their use in Fruit Fly Biological Control   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Sergio Ovruski  Martín Aluja  John Sivinski  Robert Wharton 《Integrated Pest Management Reviews》2000,5(2):81-107

We first discuss the diversity of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids (Hymenoptera) of the Neotropics. Even though the emphasis is on Anastrepha parasitoids, we also review all the information available on parasitoids attacking flies in the genera Ceratitis, Rhagoletis, Rhagoletotrypeta, Toxotrypana and Zonosemata. We center our analysis in parasitoid guilds, parasitoid assemblage size and fly host profiles. We also discuss distribution patterns and the taxonomic status of all known Anastrepha parasitoids. We follow by providing a historical overview of biological control of pestiferous tephritids in Latin American and Florida (U.S.A.) and by analyzing the success or failure of classical and augmentative biological control programs implemented to date in these regions. We also discuss the lack of success of introductions of exotic fruit fly parasitoids in various Latin American countries. We finish by discussing the most pressing needs related to fruit fly biological control (classical, augmentative, and conservation modalities) in areas of the Neotropics where fruit fly populations severely restrict the development of commercial fruit growing. We also address the need for much more intensive research on the bioecology of native fruit fly parasitoids.  相似文献   

Brief Guide for Authors     

《干旱区科学》2014,(6):782-782

正Journal of Arid Land(JAL)is an international journal(ISSN 1674-6767;CN 65-1278/K)for the natural sciences,sponsored by the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Science Press.It is published by Science Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg bimonthly.JAL publishes original,innovative,and integrative research from arid and semiarid regions,ad  相似文献   

The use of Solacol® (validamycin) as a growth retardant in the isolation of soil fungi     

W. Gams  Willeke Van Laar 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1982,88(2):39-45

Solacol^®, a formulation of the antibiotic validamycin, at 0.33% in 2% malt extract agar, reduced the spread of fungi on dilution plates drastically and allowed twice as much incubation time before subculturing; this resulted in an elevated number of species isolated. Using pure cultures of 62 common soil fungi, it was shown that all fast-growing species (exceptPythium ultimum) were efficiently inhibited but not completely suppressed. Inhibition was comparable to that by 0.5% oxgall, though, while this substance completely suppressed several species, Solacol very strongly inhibited onlyGaeumannomyces graminis, Gerlachia nivalis, Harzia acremonioides, Verticillium biguttatum andRhizoctonia solani. In a further experiment each separate constituent of Solacol was tested against 22 fungi at equivalent concentrations. Validamycin strongly inhibitedChaetomium globosum and two Basidiomycetes, though hardly more than the non-ionic detergent which mainly inhibited the other fungi. A few species were, however, more inhibited by Solacol than by the detergent alone. Solacol at 0.33% is a suitable aid in dilution plating of soil fungi, by increasing the number of colonies and species observed.Samenvatting Solacol^®, een formulering van het antibioticum validamycine, remde de groei van schimmels in verdunningsplaten met een concentratie van 0.33% in 2% moutagar en maakte het mogelijk de periode tot afenten met een factor 2 te verlengen; daardoor was het aantal geïsoleerde soorten duidelijk toegenomen. Met reincultures van 62 algemene grondschimmelsoorten werd aangetoond, dat alle snelgroeiende soorten (met uitzondering vanPythium ultimum) voldoende geremd, maar niet volkomen onderdrukt werden. Het remmingspercentage was vergelijkbaar met dat van 0.5% ossegal, hoewel dit laatste sommige soorten volkomen onderdrukte; Solacol remde alleenGaeumannomyces graminis, Gerlachia nivalis, Harzia acremonioides, Verticillium biguttatum enRhizoctonia solani zeer sterk. In een volgend experiment werden de componenten van Solacol t.o.v. 22 fungi apart getoetst in concentraties equivalent aan 0.33% Solacol. Validamycine remde alleenChaetomium globosum en twee basidiomyceten behoorlijk, maar nauwelijks meer dan de niet-ionische uitvloeier, die in hoofdzaak de overige remeffecten veroorzaakte. Enkele soorten werden echter door het complete Solacol veel sterker geremd dan door de uitvloeier alleen. Solacol in een verdunning van 0,33% wordt aanbevolen bij verdunningsplaten voor het isoleren van grondschimmels ten einde het aantal kolonies en soorten te verhogen.  相似文献   

Broad bean mottle virus in Morocco; curculionid vectors,and natural occurrence in food legumes other than faba bean (Vicia faba)     

M. Fortass  S. Diallo 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1993,99(4):219-226

Broad bean mottle virus (BBMV) was transmitted from infected to healthy faba-bean plants by the curculionid weevilsApion radiolus Kirby,Hypera variabilis Herbst,Pachytychius strumarius Gyll,Smicronyx cyaneus Gyll, andSitona lineatus L. The latter appeared to be an efficient vector: acquisition and inoculation occurred at the first bite, the rate of transmission was c. 41%, and virus retention lasted for at least seven days.S. lineatus transmitted the virus from faba bean to lentil and pea, but not to the three genotypes of chickpea tested. This is the first report on the generaHypera, Pachytychius, andSmicronyx as virus vectors, and onA. radiolus, H. variabilis, P. strumarius, andS. cyaneus as vectors of BBMV.Out of 351 samples of food legumes with symptoms suggestive of virus infection, 16, 11, 19, and 17% of the samples of chickpea, lentil, pea, and common bean, respectively, were found infected when tested for BBMV in DAS-ELISA. This is the first report on the natural occurrence of BBMV in chickpea, lentil, pea, and common bean. The virus should be regarded as a food-legume virus rather than a faba-bean virus solely, and is considered an actual threat to food legume improvement programmes.  相似文献   

Characterization of potato potyvirus Y (PVY) isolates from seed potato batches. Situation of the NTN, Wilga and Z isolates     

B. Blanco-Urgoiti  M. Tribodet  S. Leclere  F. Ponz  C. Pérez de san román  F.J. Legorburu  C. Kerlan 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(8):811-819

A collection of 38 PVY isolates from seed potato batches, originating from several Western European countries, was characterized by using current biological, serological and molecular tools differentiating PVY strains and groups. The correlation between the three kinds of tests was good but not absolute. No single serological or PCR method was able to discriminate among the five isolate groups found. Twenty-nine isolates belonged to the PVY^N strain and six to the PVY^O strain. No PVY^C was found. Two other isolates reacted serologically like PVY^O, but were unable to elicit a hypersensitive response from the Ny_tbr gene and probably represent the PVY^Z group. At the molecular level, these two isolates showed a combination of both PVY^O and PVY^N and could be recombinants of these strains. Another isolate reacted serologically like PVY^O, but induced vein necrosis in tobacco, like PVY^N-Wilga. Some PVY^N isolates caused tuber ring necrosis in glasshouse conditions. These might belong to the PVY^NTN group. The PVY^NTN, PVY^N-Wilga and PVY^Z groups probably represent pathotypes within strains PVY^N and PVY^O, respectively. The present study also confirms previous reports showing a high genetic variation at the 5 end within the PVYN strain.  相似文献   

The autumn leafroller: Phenology,damage and parasitoids in a Dutch apple orchard     

L. Blommers  H. Helsen  F. Vaal 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1988,94(2):95-103

The phenology of the autumn leafroller,Syndemis musculana, a local pest of apple, was studied in order to forecast larval emergence. From 1983–1986, peak flight as determined with sexpheromone traps was always between 13–18 May. The duration of embryonic development was determined at various constant temperatures and used to estimate the periods of egg hatch in these four years. Each year, most eggs should have hatched in the second decade of June.Differences in attack rates between apple cultivars seem to be explained largely by the variation in picking time. Larvae are only half grown at the beginning of harvest (cv. James Grieve), and have gone into hibernation when the latest variety (cv. Golden Delicious) is picked. Moreover, the varieties Cox's Orange Pippin and Belle de Boskoop, picked about half time, are liable to receive additional damage by caterpillars brought with the picked fruits into storage.Various hymenopterous parasites were reared from caterpillars. As the only leafroller in the orchard which hibernates as mature larva,S. musculana may promote winter survival of some parasitoids, like the eulophidColpyclypeus florus.Samenvatting De fenologie van de herfstbladroller (Syndemis musculana Hübner), een incidentele plaag op appel, werd nader bepaald met het doel het uitkomen van de eieren te kunnen voorspellen. In 1983–1986 viel de piekvlucht, bepaald met behulp van feromoonvallen, steeds tussen 13 en 18 mei.De ontwikkelingsduur van de eieren bij verschillende constante temperaturen werd gebruikt om de periode van uitkomen te schatten. De meeste eieren zullen ieder jaar in de eerste helft van juni uitkomen.Geconstateerde verschillen in schade tussen appelrassen blijken goeddeels terug te voeren op verschillen in pluktijdstip. De rupsen van de herfstbladroller zijn pas half-was als de eerste appels eind augustus geplukt worden, terwijl tegen het einde van de oogst begin oktober de meeste al in winterslaap zijn. Met name tussentijdse rassen, als Cox's Orange Pippin and Schone van Boskoop, lopen extra schade op doordat grotere rupsen met de geplukte vruchten in de kist terecht komen.Uit de rupsen werden negen, al van andere boomgaardbladrollers bekende, sluipwespen gekweekt, Omdat deze bladrollersoort, als enige in de boomgaard, als volgroeide rups overwintert, lijkt zij bij uitstek geschikt als winterwaard.This study was carried out at the Experimental Orchard De Schuilenburg, Schuilenburg 3, 4041 BK Kesteren, the Netherlands, to which address correspondence should be addressed.  相似文献   

The parasitoid complex ofLiriomyza cicerina on chickpea (Cicer arietinum)     

Emine Cıkman  Hasan Sungur Civelek  Phyllis G. Weintraub 《Phytoparasitica》2008,36(3):211-216

Liriomyza cicerina (Diptera: Agromyzidae) is an important pest on chickpea in Turkey. The objective of this study was to determine the parasitoids and rates of parasitism ofL. cicerina on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) during the 2005 and 2006 seasons in ?anl?urfa province, Turkey. Leaves with mines were sampled weekly and kept in the laboratory to observe and count emerging leafminer and parasitoid adults. Eight parasitoid species were collected: the braconidsOpius monilicornis Fischer andOpius tersus Foerster and the eulophidsDiaulinopsis arenaria (Erdös) andNeochrysocharis formosa (Westwood), which occurred in both the winter and summer seasons;Diglyphus crassinervis Erdös,Neochrysocharis ambitiosa Hansson,Neochrysocharis sericea (Erdös) andPediobius metallicus (Nees), which occurred only in the summer growing areas.Diaulinopsis arenaria was the predominant parasitoid with 4–7.7% parasitism rate whileN. ambitiosa andO. monilicornis were the second and third most predominant species. The results of these trials show that sinceDia. arenaria occurred throughout every season, it could potentially be used for control of the leafminerL. cicerina.  相似文献