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1.
正番茄斑萎病毒属病毒(orthotospoviruses)是严重危害云南蔬菜等重要农业经济作物的病毒病原之一。采用血清学检测、小RNA深度测序以及RT-PCR验证相结合的方法,从云南省昆明市晋宁区的主要作物寄主(番茄、辣椒、油麦菜)、重要中间寄主(鬼针草)和传毒介体(蓟马)中鉴定到TSWV、TZSV、PCSV和INSV 4种病毒,其中TSWV为该地区的主要优势病毒,而PCSV则是首次报道侵染鬼针草。通过对云南番茄斑萎病毒病害重病区作物寄主、中间寄主及蓟马三者进行病毒种类分析研究,明确TSWV为引起云南省昆明市晋宁区作物的主要病毒,TZSV、PCSV和INSV零星发生于不同寄主中。 相似文献
2.
辣椒是云南省主要经济作物之一,近年来病毒病尤其是正番茄斑萎病毒属病毒发病严重,影响了辣椒产量和品质。利用RT-PCR技术对从云南辣椒主产区采集的疑似感染正番茄斑萎病毒属病毒的25份辣椒样品进行分子鉴定,结果显示,12份样品检测出正番茄斑萎病毒属病毒,检出率为48.0%,其中6份是番茄斑萎病毒tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV),检出率为24.0%;5份是番茄环纹斑点病毒tomato zonate spot orthotospovirus (TZSV),检出率为20.0%;有1份是TSWV和TZSV复合侵染,检出率为4.0%,这是在云南辣椒生产上首次发现TSWV和TZSV的复合侵染。通过鉴定,初步了解正番茄斑萎病毒属病毒在云南辣椒生产中的发生情况和种类,为制定云南地区该属病毒的防治策略提供理论依据。 相似文献
3.
为明确西藏昌都市卡若区高原条件下的蔬菜主要病毒种类, 对温室、大棚和露地栽培的主要蔬菜进行了病毒病调查, 采集典型病毒病症状样品进行ELISA检测, 明确病毒种类; 并利用电子显微镜观察, RT-PCR扩增克隆与测序分析对主要病毒进行鉴定分析。ELISA检测结果表明, 西藏昌都市卡若区温室及大棚栽培的番茄、辣椒和莴苣上的主要病毒有番茄斑萎病毒(tomato spotted wilt virus, TSWV)、马铃薯Y病毒(potato virus Y, PVY)及凤果花叶病毒(pepino mosaic virus, PepMV)。其中TSWV检出率最高, 为45%。进一步对检出TSWV的蔬菜样品进行电子显微镜观察, 发现其中含有典型的正番茄斑萎病毒属Orthotospovirus病毒粒体, 应用TSWV-N基因特异性引物进行RT-PCR扩增克隆和序列分析, 发现西藏昌都市卡若区蔬菜感染的TSWV与云南TSWV分离株亲缘关系最近。本研究结果明确了西藏昌都市卡若区蔬菜的主要病毒种类。综合抗体检测、病毒粒体形态观察与分类相关基因的克隆测序结果, 明确了西藏昌都市卡若区蔬菜感染的主要病毒为TSWV。这也是TSWV在西藏的首次报道, 为了解TSWV的发生分布及其防控提供了依据。 相似文献
4.
黑龙江地区番茄斑萎病毒的鉴定及其部分生物学特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
近年来,番茄斑萎病毒Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV)在我国多个地区发生严重危害。本研究采用小RNA深度测序和RT-PCR相结合的方法对采自黑龙江的番茄病毒病样品中的病毒进行了鉴定。提取番茄样品的RNA并构建小RNA文库进行测序,数据分析发现比对至TSWV基因组的reads数占比对到病毒核酸总reads数的92.64%,表明侵染此番茄样品的病原物可能是TSWV。利用RT-PCR方法进一步确定侵染此番茄样品的病毒为TSWV,将其命名为TSWV-HLJ1。对TSWV-HLJ1的核苷酸序列进行分析并构建系统进化树,结果表明TSWV-HLJ1与TSWV云南甜椒分离物(TSWV-YNgp)的亲缘关系最近。介体传毒试验表明,西花蓟马可将TSWV-HLJ1传播感染健康寄主植物。摩擦接种试验表明,TSWV黑龙江分离物能够侵染本氏烟、辣椒和番茄。这是我国首次报道在黑龙江地区发现TSWV的危害。 相似文献
5.
山东烟台地区发生番茄斑萎病毒病危害 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
番茄斑萎病毒Tomato spotted wilt virus(TSWV)是我国进境植物检疫性有害生物,近年来相继在国内一些省份发现。利用TSWV的通用引物NF302/NR575对从山东烟台地区收集的15份疑似感染番茄斑萎病毒病的番茄样品进行检测;进一步对特异引物TSWV-NF2037/TSWV-NR2825扩增的TSWV的N基因序列克隆、测序,并对N基因片段编码氨基酸进行遗传距离及系统发育分析。结果表明,15份疑似样品中有4个样品扩增得到TSWV病毒片段;基于N基因序列分析发现,山东TSWV番茄分离物与云南TSWV番茄分离物(AEI70836.1)的遗传距离最近,为0.8%,且与云南TSWV番茄分离物聚为一支。这是山东地区首次利用分子标记证实番茄斑萎病毒病的危害。 相似文献
6.
正番茄斑萎病毒(tomato spotted wilt virus,TSWV)可使花生、番茄、辣椒和曼陀罗等多种植物致病,西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis是其媒介昆虫,而烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci并不能高效传播TSWV,为非媒介昆虫(Pan et al.,2013)。植物病毒不仅可以与媒介昆虫发生相互作用,还可以直接或间接修饰非媒介昆虫的行为,导致非媒介昆虫适合度的改变(Chen et al.,2017)。田间自然条件下,Q型烟粉虱在感染TSWV的寄主上取食,TSWV可能对携毒Q型烟粉虱的寄 相似文献
7.
8.
番茄斑萎病毒Tomato spotted wilt virus （TSWV）是我国进境植物检疫性有害生物,近年来相继在国内一些省份发现。利用 TSWV 的通用引物 NF302／NR575对从山东烟台地区收集的15份疑似感染番茄斑萎病毒病的番茄样品进行检测;进一步对特异引物 TSWV-NF2037／TSWV-NR2825扩增的 TSWV 的 N 基因序列克隆、测序,并对 N 基因片段编码氨基酸进行遗传距离及系统发育分析。结果表明,15份疑似样品中有4个样品扩增得到 TSWV 病毒片段;基于 N 基因序列分析发现,山东 TSWV 番茄分离物与云南 TSWV 番茄分离物（AEI70836．1）的遗传距离最近,为0．8％,且与云南 TSWV 番茄分离物聚为一支。这是山东地区首次利用分子标记证实番茄斑萎病毒病的危害。 相似文献
9.
西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis是世界性重要检疫性害虫之一,不仅直接取食危害作物而且传播病毒,从而造成极为严重的经济损失。由于西花蓟马在我国具有广泛的适生范围,随其入侵我国并随之传播的番茄斑萎病毒(Tomato spotted wilt virus)已在我国不同地域发现,对经济作物已形成严重威胁。本文综述了西花蓟马对番茄斑萎病毒的获取、携带和传播扩散过程及其病毒在蓟马体内的循环过程和机理,总结了影响西花蓟马传播番茄斑萎病毒效率的因素,并评述了西花蓟马-病毒-植物这一互作系统及其对西花蓟马生长发育适合度的影响,以期为我国西花蓟马传播番茄斑萎病毒的基础研究和防控提供理论依据与指导。 相似文献
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11.
J. Aramburu A. Lavi?a E. Moriones J. Riudavets J. Arnó 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1997,103(7):623-629
Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) infected plants and western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Perg., WFT) adult population densities were monitored during 1993 and 1994 in field tomatoes in Northeastern Spain. The proportion of viruliferous WFT adults in field populations was quantified. A significant association has been found between early population densities of WFT adult thrips and final TSWV incidence for early transplanted tomato crops. In contrast, for late transplanted tomato crops, whereas similar high final disease incidences of TSWV could be attained, very low WFT adult population densities were always detected. The significantly higher infectious potential of WFT populations collected during the early growth stages of late transplanted tomatoes could be relevant for the TSWV incidences attained in spite of the low thrips numbers detected. 相似文献
12.
ABSTRACT Overwintering of tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca, was investigated on common winter annual host plants infected with Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Populations of tobacco thrips produced on TSWV-infected plants did not differ from those produced on healthy plants, whereas populations varied greatly among host plant species. The mean per plant populations of F. fusca averaged 401, 162, and 10 thrips per plant on Stellaria media, Scleranthus annuus, and Sonchus asper, respectively, during peak abundance in May. Adult F. fusca collected from plant hosts were predominately brachypterous throughout the winter and early spring, but macropterous forms predominated in late spring. Weed hosts varied in their ability to serve as overwintering sources of TSWV inoculum. Following the initial infection by TSWV in October 1997, 75% of Scleranthus annuus and Stellaria media retained infection over the winter and spring season, whereas only 17% of Sonchus asper plants remained infected throughout the same interval. Mortality of TSWV-infected Sonchus asper plants exceeded 25%, but mortality of infected Stellaria media and Scleranthus annuus did not exceed 8%. TSWV transmission by thrips produced on infected plants was greatest on Stellaria media (18%), intermediate on Scleranthus annuus (6%), and lowest on Sonchus asper (2%). Very few viruliferous F. fusca were recovered from soil samples collected below infected wild host plants. Vegetative growth stages of Stellaria media, Sonchus asper, and Ranunculus sardous were more susceptible to F. fusca transmission of TSWV than flowering growth stages, whereas both growth stages of Scleranthus annuus were equally susceptible. In a field study to monitor the spatial and temporal patterns of virus movement from a central source of TSWV-infected Stellaria media to adjacent plots of R. sardous, the incidence of infection in R. sardous plots increased from <1% in March to >42% in June 1999. Infection levels in the Stellaria media inoculum source remained high throughout the experiment, averaging nearly 80% until June 1999 when all Stellaria media plants had senesced. Dispersal of TSWV from the inoculum source extended to the limits of the experimental plot (>37 m). Significant directional patterns of TSWV spread to the R. sardous plots were detected in April and May but not in June. R. sardous infections were detected as early as March and April, suggesting that overwintering inoculum levels in an area can increase rapidly during the spring in susceptible weed hosts prior to planting of susceptible crops. This increase in the abundance of TSWV inoculum sources occurs at a time when vector populations are increasing rapidly. The spread of TSWV among weeds in the spring serves to bridge the period when overwintered inoculum sources decline and susceptible crops are planted. 相似文献
13.
A survey was conducted in order to record the ornamental plants that are hosts of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and impatiens
necrotic spot virus (INSV) in Greece. Polyclonal antibodies prepared against the N protein of a Greek isolate of TSWV fromGerbera jamesonii (GR-34) were used. Leaf samples were taken from plants showing typical symptoms of tospovirus infection such as chlorotic
and necrotic rings on the leaves and malformation and necrosis of the flowers. The samples were tested by double antibody
sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) using polyclonal antibodies to the N proteins of TSWV and INSV (NL-07).
ELIS A-positive samples were mechanically transmitted to plants ofPetunia hybrida, Nicotiana rustica andN. benthamiana to confirm infection. Although none of the samples was found infected with INSV, TSWV presence was recorded in 42 botanical
species that belong to 40 genera in 27 families. Among them the speciesBeloperone guttata, Coleus barbatus, Impatiens petersiana andLilium auratum are reported for the first time as hosts of TSWV, whereasBegonia sp.,Catharanthus roseus Celosia cristata, Dianthus chinensis, Fuchsia hybrida andStephanotis floribunda are found as new hosts of the virus in Greece. Thrips collected from TSWV-infected plants were in most cases identified asFrankliniella occidentalis, except from plants ofDendranthema sp. andDianthus caryophyllus whereThrips tabaci individuals were also identified. Different percentages of transmitters were noticed when the thrips populations collected
from TSWV-infected ornamental hosts were tested for transmission of TSWV. 相似文献
14.
Shohei MATSUURA Shigeru HOSHINO Hideaki HAYASHI Tetsuyuki KOHGUCHI Kyoji HAGIWARA Toshihiro OMURA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(1):99-102
DAS-ELISA proved to be reliable enough to detect a latent infection by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in asymptomatic stock plants of chrysanthemum. A high density of Frankliniella occidentalis, the predominant vector, in the presence of latently infected stock plants resulted in a high incidence of disease in the chrysanthemum
production field. The incidence of disease was low when the vector thrips were not abundant in spite of the presence of latently
infected stock plants. These results suggest that an infestation of the vector thrips causes severe secondary spread of TSWV
originating from latently infected stock plants in chrysanthemum production fields.
Received 27 July 2001/ Accepted in revised form 27 November 2001 相似文献
15.
Three methods were compared to assess the susceptibility of vegetatively propagated chrysanthemum to tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV): mechanical and thrips-mediated inoculation of whole plants, and a leaf-disc assay. As symptom expression was often poor or even absent, TSWV infections and subsequent susceptibility to TSWV were determined by ELISA. All 15 chrysanthemum cultivars tested were susceptible to TSWV, irrespective of their degree of vector resistance (based on feeding-scar damage rates). Thrips-mediated inoculation using different numbers of thrips revealed that 100% infection was obtained when plants were challenged by six thrips per plant, whereas 80 and over 50%, respectively, of the plants became infected when inoculated by a single male or female thrips. However, false negatives were scored even after intensive sampling because of erratic, cultivar-specific and time-dependent virus distribution after inoculation in the plants. Labour-intensive samplings and long incubation periods could be overcome by a readily applicable leaf-disc assay. This assay was as reliable as thrips-mediated inoculation of whole plants, and its use is therefore favoured to assess chrysanthemum cultivars for TSWV susceptibility. 相似文献
16.
Surveys of thrips and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) on weeds were conducted in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey during the years 2004–2006. Thrips species were collected by vigorously shaking weedy plants into a white container for 15 sec. Plant material collected during field surveys and plants which were used for mechanical inoculation of TSWV, were tested by DAS–ELISA. The weed species Ranunculus muricatus, Melilotus officinalis, Sinapis arvensis and Portulaca oleracea were used for the virus transmission experiments in an enclosed high plastic tunnel and in cage experiments. Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentlis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), was the most common thrips, inhabiting 80 of the 82 weed species sampled. Adults of F. occidentalis and thrips larvae were significantly more abundant on S. arvensis than on the other weed species sampled (P<0.05). Adult and larval thrips showed peak densities on most weeds in April or May. Summer annual weeds were not good hosts for reproduction of the thrips. A total of 90 samples from 17 plant species belonging to 11 plant families were ELISA positive for TSWV. No TSWV was detected on 65 weed species belonging to 26 plant families. High numbers of plant samples infected by TSWV were obtained in P. oleracea (21 samples) and in R. muricatus (15 samples). In field surveys symptoms of TSWV were detected on only R. muricatus. Incidence of the TSWV on weeds ranged between 5% and 25%. Transmission rates of TSWV by F. occidentalis to the weeds ranged from 33% to 83% in the pepper plastic tunnel and cage experiments. 相似文献
17.
Shohei Matsuura Shigeru Hoshino Harunobu Koga 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(3):180-185
The effect of verbena as a trap crop on the occurrence of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, and the incidence of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in chrysanthemums were investigated. Verbena cvs. Pink Parfait and/or Fancy Parfait were cultivated alongside chrysanthemum
cv. Jimba in a greenhouse in the proportion of 17%–25% of the chrysanthemum plants. Verbena plants attracted vector thrips,
reducing western flower thrips colonization of chrysanthemum until flower bud initiation, and markedly suppressing TSWV incidence
on chrysanthemums until flowering. Significant quantities of linalool oxide pyran were produced by the flower of cv. Fancy
Parfait; and the ratio of cis-linalool oxide pyran, an attractant for vector thrips, to the trans-type was approximately 1 : 5. Our results suggest that cultivation of verbena as a trap crop may be useful in integrated
pest management programs as a control for thrips-transmitted TSWV in chrysanthemums. 相似文献
18.
The characteristics of a thrips‐non‐transmissible isolate of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), designated TSWV‐M, were compared with those of a thrips‐transmissible isolate, designated TSWV‐T. TSWV‐M showed a narrower host range than TSWV‐T. Adult thrips failed to transmit TSWV‐M, although the vector acquired the virus during the larval stages. TSWV‐M was detected by RT‐PCR in adult thrips bodies, but not in thrips heads, suggesting that loss of thrips transmissibility was the result of the absence of virus in adult thrips salivary glands. Whereas N (nucleoprotein), NSs (non‐structural protein) and GC (the C‐terminal portion of the glycoprotein precursor protein) were present in similar amounts in leaf tissue from TSWV‐M‐ or TSWV‐T‐infected plants, GN (the N‐terminal portion of the glycoprotein precursor protein) was present at much lower amounts in TSWV‐M‐ than in TSWV‐T‐infected plants. SDS‐PAGE and immunoblotting analysis of TSWV‐M and TSWV‐T virion preparations with GN‐ and GC‐specific antibodies revealed similar amounts of the GN and GC glycoproteins in TSWV‐T virions, but lower amounts of GN than GC in TSWV‐M virions. This resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the GN/GC ratio in TSWV‐M virions. In affinoblots, the GC and GN glycoproteins of TSWV‐M exhibited weak binding with lectins showing affinity for N‐linked oligosaccharide structures. Sequence analysis of M RNA (medium segment of the TSMV genome) revealed no deletions or frameshift mutations in the GN/GC precursor of TSWV‐M. However, five amino acid changes were detected in the GN/GC precursor. A single, relatively conservative amino acid substitution (V→I) was observed in the NSm protein. Sequence analysis of S RNA (small portion of the TSMV genome) revealed a large intergenic region with no changes in the N protein and with three amino acid changes in the NSs protein. 相似文献
19.
Studies were carried out on a population ofThrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripi-dae) from Liguria to assess its sex-ratio and its ability to transmit four tospoviruses: tomato
spotted wilt (TSWV), impatiens necrotic spot, tomato chlorotic spot and groundnut ringspot. The population was composed of
females only (therefore thelytokous). The first instar larvae were allowed to acquire the virus for 48 h on infected leaves
of datura, basil or pepper, and then reared on cucumber until emergence, which medially occurred 9.5 days after hatching.
Transmission capacity was checked using two inoculation access periods (lAPs) of 48 h each on pepper leaf disks.T. tabaci was able to transmit TSWV isolate P105 with an efficiency of 16.7% and 4.4% in the first and second IAP, respectively, and
TSWV isolate BR-01 with an efficiency of 2.0%. The onion thrips did not transmit the three other tospoviruses. During the
IAPs, almost all adults fed on the leaf disks, producing evident silvery scars. The presence of tospovirus nucleocapsids in
thrips was assayed by Triple Antibody Sandwich (TAS) and cocktail ELISA. Not all adults that had transmitted TSWV were positive
in the tests, whereas some non-transmitter individuals proved positive. For each of the other tospoviruses, some thrips were
positive in at least one test, although none was able to transmit the virus. 相似文献
20.
The effects of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) on yield and quality of tomato fruits were studied from May through November of 2004 at the Experimental Field of
the Agricultural Faculty of Ondokuz Mayis University, in Samsun province, Turkey. TSWV caused 42.1% and 95.5% reduction in
yield and marketable value of tomato, respectively. TSWV infection in tomato crop caused significant (P < 0.05) reductions in weight, total number, width and length of the fruits in infected plants. Reductions in yield-contributing
parameters were 26.61% in weight, 20.18% in number, 10.94% in width and 11.93% in length of fruits. It is difficult to estimate
the actual yield loss and influence levels of TSWV in the field. Economic data are scarce, but in the present study it was
estimated that the yield loss due to TSWV in tomatoes was approximately $0.9 million in Samsun, Turkey. 相似文献