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研究日粮中添加辅酶Q10对腹水症肉鸡脂质代谢以及抗氧化能力的影响。将180只AA雄性肉仔鸡随机分为3组,每组6个重复,8日龄起在日粮中添加不同水平的辅酶Q10,分别为0、20、40mg/kg。15-21日龄关闭水暖进行较低温处理(15-18℃)以诱发腹水症。结果表明:日粮中添加40 mg/kg辅酶Q10显著降低腹水症肉鸡机体内TG、TC和LDL-C含量(P<0.05),而HDL-C没有变化;显著提高TAOC和降低MDA含量(P<0.05)。这表明辅酶Q10相对长期添加时能够改善肉鸡脂质代谢以及总抗氧化能力。 相似文献
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辅酶Q10具有参与呼吸链电子传递、细胞抗氧化、阻止细胞凋亡、增强免疫等功能。辅酶Q10也是优良的抗氧化剂,对肉鸡腹水症及猝死症有明显的防控作用。 相似文献
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辅酶Q10对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响以及对腹水症的敏感性研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
180只AA雄性肉仔鸡随机分为3组,每组6个重复,8日龄起分别饲喂代谢能为13.2MJ/kg的日粮,辅酶Q10添加量分别为0、20、40mg/kg.15～21日龄关闭水暖进行较低温处理(15～18℃)以诱发腹水症,并研究辅酶Q10添加对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响以及对腹水症的敏感性.结果表明在本试验条件下,肉仔鸡日粮中添加不同水平的辅酶Q10对生产性能的影响不显著,而能显著降低其对腹水症的敏感性.日粮添加辅酶Q10能够显著降低肉仔鸡腹水症的发病率和死亡率,降低肉仔鸡红细胞渗透脆性(EOF)(P≤0.05).虽然辅酶Q10添加与否对血液红细胞压积(PCV)没有显著影响,但40mg/kg的辅酶Q10添加量同20mg/kg的添加量相比,PCV值显著降低(P≤0.05),除了36日龄时添加40mg/kg辅酶Q10显著降低了肉仔鸡的肺动脉舒张压(PADP)外,各试验组肉仔鸡右心室内压(RVP)、肺动脉压(PAP)、右心室内压最大变化速率(±dp/dtmax)等均没有表现出显著变化,而40mg/kg的辅酶Q10组显著降低了腹水心脏指数(AHI)(P≤0.05).辅酶Q10的这种有益作用可能与其为心肌细胞充足供能、降低血液的红细胞渗透脆性有关. 相似文献
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L-肉碱与辅酶Q10添加对腹水症敏感肉鸡生产性能和部分免疫功能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了日粮L-肉碱与辅酶Q10(辅酶Q)添加对腹水症敏感肉鸡生产性能和免疫功能的影响。L-肉碱添加水平分别为0、75、100 mg/kg,辅酶Q添加水平分别为0、40 mg/kg。480只1日龄艾维茵公肉鸡随机分为12组,每组设5个重复,每个重复8只鸡。试验持续6周。试验结果表明:单独添加L-肉碱或辅酶Q对肉鸡生产性能没有显著影响,可显著提高肉鸡0~3周的心脏指数(P<0.05),而对免疫器官的发育没有影响。日粮中单独添加L-肉碱能够显著降低红细胞压积(PCV)(P<0.05),而单独添加辅酶Q却没有显著效果。分别单独添加L-肉碱、辅酶Q以及二者同时添加时均可显著降低肉鸡的腹水心脏指数(AHI)以及腹水症死亡率(P<0.05)。单独添加L-肉碱显著提高肉鸡血清中IgG的含量(P<0.05),而单独添加辅酶Q以及二者同时添加时IgG含量没有显著变化;L-肉碱与辅酶Q共同添加时显著提高血清溶菌酶活性(P<0.05)。单独添加辅酶Q以及二者同时添加时,刀豆素A(ConA)刺激丝裂原淋巴细胞增殖反应显著降低(P<0.05)。本试验结果表明肉鸡腹水症敏感性的降低,可能与日粮中L-肉碱和辅酶Q的共同添加改善了机体部分免疫功能作用有关。 相似文献
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生物素的生理功能及其分子作用机制 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
生物素是动物机体内维持正常生理机能所必需的一种维生素。它作为4种羧化酶辅酶成分,在哺乳动物体内的葡萄糖、氨基酸和脂肪酸代谢中起着重要作用。越来越多的研究表明,生物素对基因表达的调控起着重要的作用。本文综述了生物素的营养生理作用及其对基因表达调控的影响。 相似文献
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半胱胺（Cysteamine,CS）,又称β-巯基乙胺,相当于半胱氨酸的脱羧产物,是辅酶A的组成成分,是动物体内的生物活性物质。就半胱胺调控动物生理代谢过程中对激素分泌、促生长作用、消化代谢功能、繁殖性能、免疫机能和抗氧化作用等方面影响进行综述。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究大豆异黄酮和辅酶Q联合添加对肉鸡腹水和猝死发生的影响。选用1日龄AA肉公鸡,采用3×3因子设计,随机分为9个处理,每个处理10个重复。1～7日龄饲喂基础日粮,8日龄起饲喂添加大豆异黄酮和辅酶Q试验日粮。大豆异黄酮添加水平分别为0、10、20 mg/kg饲料,辅酶Q添加水平分别为0、20、40 mg/kg饲料。结果表明:10 mg/kg大豆异黄酮+40 mg/kg辅酶或20 mg/kg大豆异黄酮+20 mg/kg辅酶能显著减少心包积液、抑制肉鸡右心肥大的发生、降低红细胞压积、增加颈动脉血氧分压(P<0.05),降低了肉鸡腹水和猝死的发生率,证实了大豆异黄酮和辅酶Q抑制了腹水和猝死的发生发展过程。 相似文献
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奶牛分娩前后瘤胃代谢物变化规律及其代谢通路研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本试验旨在阐明奶牛分娩前后瘤胃代谢物及其代谢通路的变化规律。选取10头体况和胎次相近的健康待产荷斯坦奶牛,分别于分娩前后晨饲前采集瘤胃液,采用UPLC-MS/MS代谢组学技术和MetaboAnanlyst 5.0中的通路分析方法研究奶牛分娩前后瘤胃发酵产物及其代谢通路的变化规律。结果表明,奶牛分娩后瘤胃中57种代谢物含量较分娩前发生了明显变化,其中34种代谢物含量显著降低,23种代谢物含量显著升高,9个代谢通路（牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、精氨酸的生物合成、D-谷氨酰胺和D-谷氨酸代谢、淀粉和蔗糖代谢、半乳糖代谢、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、嘌呤代谢和维生素B6代谢）发生了显著变化。本研究表明,奶牛在分娩前7~10 d与氨基酸、糖、核苷酸和维生素相关的瘤胃微生物菌群组成发生了应答性改变。 相似文献
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同一日粮下泌乳牦牛与干奶牦牛消化代谢能力的比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在同一日粮条件下,对泌乳牦牛和干奶牦牛的消化代谢能力进行了比较研究。结果表明,在泌乳牦牛和干奶牦牛体内,日粮消化率间无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）,能量代谢率间差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）;蛋白质代谢在干奶牦牛体内为正平衡,而在泌乳牦牛体内为负平衡;在干奶牦牛体内,钙、磷代谢均为负平衡,而在泌乳牦牛体内,钙为正平衡,磷为负平衡。 相似文献
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紫花苜蓿/燕麦间作对燕麦碳、氮代谢及其物质积累的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探明紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）/燕麦（Avena sativa）间作下碳、氮代谢及其物质积累规律,本研究采用桶栽土培法对紫花苜蓿和燕麦进行模拟间作,对不同种植模式下及不同生育时期紫花苜蓿和燕麦的光合特性、碳氮代谢关键酶及碳氮代谢产物进行研究。结果表明：燕麦的蒸腾速率、净光合速率、碳氮代谢酶活性、碳水化合物积累量和地上蛋白积累量在各生育时期下表现为燕麦间作显著大于燕麦单作（P<0.05）,而紫花苜蓿光合气体交换参数、氮代谢关键酶活性、碳水化合物积累量及蛋白积累量在现蕾期时均表现为紫花苜蓿单作显著大于紫花苜蓿间作（P<0.05）。由此可见,紫花苜蓿与燕麦间作更有利于燕麦提高光合速率,增强燕麦碳氮代谢酶活性,进而提高其碳、氮代谢水平,促进燕麦体内碳水化合物及蛋白质积累,提高间作燕麦生物量和品质;且随着生育期的推进,燕麦碳氮代谢随之增强,并在间作中的紫花苜蓿现蕾期时燕麦碳氮代谢最为活跃。 相似文献
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The relationship between the metabolism of androsterone and skatole, the major compounds responsible for boar taint, was investigated in F4 Swedish Yorkshire x European Wild Pig intact males. The metabolism of androstenone and skatole were studied in liver microsomes, and the testicular steroid production was measured in testes microsomes. Including androstenone in the assays of skatole metabolism reduced the formation of 6-hydroxyskatole (pro-MII), and three other skatole metabolites (P<.05). The formation of three additional metabolites was not affected. Liver microsomal incubations of androstenone produced two metabolites, I and II. The rate of the formation of metabolite I and the rate of androstenone metabolism were correlated with the rate of skatole metabolism. Liver metabolism of androstenone was not related to levels of androstenone in fat. Testicular synthesis of 16-androstene steroids was correlated with combined synthesis of estrogens and androgens, plasma levels of androstenone, levels of skatole in fat, and skatole metabolism in the liver (P<.05). Plasma levels of estrone sulfate were correlated with levels of skatole in fat and with androstenone levels in fat and plasma and were negatively correlated with synthesis of skatole metabolite F-1 and pro-MII sulfation. These results indicate that the liver metabolism of androstenone and skatole are related. However, it is likely that the relationship between levels of androstenone and skatole in fat is due more to a link between the testicular synthesis of androstenone rather than to the metabolism of androstenone and skatole in the liver. Sex steroids may affect this relationship because of their biosynthesis along with androstenone and possible inhibition of skatole metabolism in the liver. 相似文献
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Lakritz J Winder BS Noorouz-Zadeh J Huang TL Buckpitt AR Hammock BD Plopper CG 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(2):152-157
OBJECTIVE: To determine hepatic and pulmonary phase-I and phase-II enzyme activities in horses. SAMPLE POPULATION: Pulmonary and hepatic tissues from 22 horses that were 4 months to 32 years old. PROCEDURE: Pulmonary and hepatic tissues from horses were used to prepare cytosolic (glutathione S-transferase and soluble epoxide hydrolase) and microsomal (cytochrome P450 monooxygenases) enzymes. Rates of microsomal metabolism of ethoxyresorufin, pentoxyresorufin, and naphthalene were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Activities of glutathione S-transferase and soluble epoxide hydrolase were determined spectrophotometrically. Cytochrome P450 content was determined by carbon monoxide bound-difference spectrum of dithionite-reduced microsomes. Activity was expressed relative to total protein concentration. RESULTS: Microsomal protein and cytochromeP450 contents were detectable in all horses and did not vary with age. Hepatic ethoxyresorufin metabolism was detected in all horses; by comparison, pulmonary metabolism of ethoxyresorufin and hepatic and pulmonary metabolism of pentoxyresorufin were detected at lower rates. Rate of hepatic naphthalene metabolism remained constant with increasing age, whereas rate of pulmonary naphthalene metabolism was significantly lower in weanlings (ie, horses 4 to 6 months old), compared with adult horses. Hepatic glutathione S-transferase activity (cytosol) increased with age; however, these changes were not significant. Pulmonary glutathione S-transferase activity (cytosol) was significantly lower in weanlings than adult horses. Hepatic and pulmonary soluble epoxide hydrolase did not vary with age of horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Activity of cytochrome P450 isoforms that metabolize naphthalene and glutathione S-transferases in lungs are significantly lower in weanlings than adult horses, which suggests reduced ability of young horses to metabolize xenobiotics by this organ. 相似文献
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E de Graaf-Roelfsema HA Keizer E van Breda ID Wijnberg JH van der Kolk 《American journal of veterinary research》2012,73(9):1386-1393
Objective-To determine the influence of intensified training and subsequent reduced training on glucose metabolism rate and peripheral insulin sensitivity in horses and identify potential markers indicative of early overtraining. Animals-12 Standardbred geldings. Procedures-Horses underwent 4 phases of treadmill-based training. In phase 1, horses were habituated to the treadmill. In phase 2, endurance training was alternated with high-intensity exercise training. In phase 3, horses were divided into control and intensified training groups. In the intensified training group, training intensity, duration, and frequency were further increased via a protocol to induce overtraining; in the control group, these factors remained unaltered. In phase 4, training intensity was reduced. Standardized exercise tests were performed after each phase and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (HEC) tests were performed after phases 2, 3, and 4. Results-10 of 12 horses completed the study. Dissociation between mean glucose metabolism rate and mean glucose metabolism rate-to-plasma insulin concentration ratio (M:I) was evident in the intensified training group during steady state of HEC testing after phases 3 and 4. After phase 4, mean glucose metabolism rate was significantly decreased (from 31.1 ± 6.8 μmol/kg/min to 18.1 ± 3.4 μmol/kg/min), as was M:I (from 1.05 ± 0.31 to 0.62 ± 0.17) during steady state in the intensified training group, compared with phase 3 values for the same horses. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Dissociation between the glucose metabolism rate and M:I in horses that underwent intensified training may reflect non-insulin-dependent increases in glucose metabolism. 相似文献
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小尾寒羊和大尾寒羊能量与蛋白质代谢规律研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选用小尾寒羊和大尾寒羊200只．分妊娠期、泌乳期、哺乳期和生长期4个不同生理阶段．系统研究了蛋白质和能量代谢规律。研究过程采用了饲养对比试验8次．消化代谢试验16次．低氮日粮平衡试验4次，气体能量代谢试验6次．比较屠宰试验4次，并采用瘤胃瘘管技术、血液生理生化指标测定等技术。制定出小尾寒羊和大尾寒羊的能量维持需要、各级有效能转化效率、畜体总产热和绝食代谢产热等基础代谢参数89个．粗蛋白质和可消化粗蛋白质维持需要、不同生理状态和生产水平下的粗蛋白质、可消化粗蛋白质生产需要、以及内源尿氮和代谢粪氮等蛋白质代谢参数58个。 相似文献
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XIAO Kai-li YIN Yu-long ZHANG Lin DENG Bai-chuan DENG Jin-ping TAN Cheng-quan 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(12):3473-3481
Lipid metabolism not only affects human health but also is vital to livestock and poultry production. Therefore, it is necessary to study the nutrition regulation strategy of lipid metabolism. This paper mainly introduces the four amino acids which are important for the regulation of lipid metabolism, including methionine (Met),leucine (Leu),arginine (Arg) and glutamate (Glu), and summarizes the regulation effects and mechanism on lipid metabolism of the four amino acids at the physiological level, cellular level and molecular level. This paper introduces these four amino acids in the role of nutritional research, physiological effects in animal experiments,the mechanism of regulation effect on lipid metabolism and the combination effect. Meanwhile,the regulation and mechanism of amino acid on lipid metabolism in adipose,liver and muscle tissue were emphatically discussed. This paper reviews the progress of four amino acids in basic research and livestock production application, and further analyze the potential directions in the future research on the deep mechanism of lipid metabolism to clarify the regulation effects and potential mechanism of the amino acids on mammals' lipid metabolism, which was aimed to provide a reference for the accuracy using of amino acids. 相似文献