首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 296 毫秒
1.
鸡蛋中富含人体所需的各种必需氨基酸、矿物质和维生素等营养成分。蛋黄中脂肪酸的组成易受日粮中脂肪酸的影响。据报道,把亚麻仁油碱化成亚麻仁油钙盐(2.5%~7.5%)添加到日粮中,长期饲喂蛋鸡,对产蛋率没有影响,但对蛋黄组成有影响。此次试验旨在日粮中添加含有C18∶3的亚麻仁油  相似文献   

2.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同油脂对填饲期朗德鹅产肝性能、脂肪沉积、屠宰性能、血清指标及肝脏脂肪酸组成的影响。选取70日龄朗德鹅母鹅80只,体重为(3.0±0.1)kg,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只。鹅油组为对照组,饲粮中添加2%的鹅油;牛油组、鱼油组和菜籽油组为试验组,饲粮中分别添加2%的牛油、鱼油和菜籽油。预试期7 d,填饲期20 d。结果表明:1)菜籽油组和牛油组的肝脏重均显著高于鱼油组(P0.05),牛油组的肝体比显著高于鹅油组(P0.05)。菜籽油组和鹅油组的活重、全净膛重均显著高于牛油组和鱼油组(P0.05)。2)鱼油组血清甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)含量显著低于鹅油组(P0.05);菜籽油组血清LDL含量显著低于鹅油组(P0.05),且其血清总胆固醇(TC)含量显著低于牛油组(P0.05);牛油组血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量显著高于鹅油组(P0.05);牛油组、鱼油组和菜籽油组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性较鹅油组有不同程度的降低,但差异均不显著(P0.05)。3)与添加鹅油相比,添加鱼油显著降低了肝脏中总饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量(P0.05),显著提高了肝脏中不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)C16∶1、C17∶1、C18∶1n-9、C18∶2n-6、C18∶3n-3、C20∶1n-9、C20∶4n-6、C20∶5n-3、C22∶1n-9、C22∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3、C24∶1n-9及总UFA含量(P0.05);添加菜籽油显著降低了肝脏中总SFA含量(P0.05),显著提高了肝脏中UFA C16∶1、C18∶1n-9、C18∶2n-6、C20∶2、C22∶1n-9及总UFA含量(P0.05);添加牛油显著提高了肝脏中C18∶3n-3、C20∶5n-3、C22∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3及总多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量(P0.05)。由此得出,与添加鹅油相比,饲粮添加菜籽油或牛油时填饲期朗德鹅的产肝性能较佳;添加鱼油和菜籽油可增加填饲期朗德鹅肝脏中PUFA含量,降低血清脂质含量。  相似文献   

3.
为探讨不同油脂对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋黄多不饱和脂肪酸和胆固醇含量的影响,160只42周龄的海塞克斯蛋鸡随机分成四组,分别饲喂对照日粮、5%鱼油、5%棕榈油和5%豆油日粮,试验三周。结果表明,棕榈油组的产蛋量比豆油组高(P<0.05),而对照组的平均蛋重和蛋黄重明显低于鱼油组(P<0.05),鱼油组鸡的总增重明显高于豆油组(P<0.05);鱼油组的血清和蛋黄的胆固醇含量都低于棕榈油和对照组(P<0.01);鱼油组蛋黄中的C20:5n-3含量明显高于对照组和豆油组(P<0.01),鱼油组蛋黄中的C22:6n-3含量高于棕榈油组(P<0.01);豆油组的C18:1n-9含量最低,与棕榈油组的相比,差异显著(P<0.05);豆油组的C18:2n-6含量明显高于其它三组(P<0.01),又以对照组最低,与鱼油组相比,差异显著(P<0.05);鱼油组的C18:3n-3含量高于豆油组和棕榈油组(P<0.05);鱼油组的C20:1n-9含量明显高于其它三组(P<0.01)。  相似文献   

4.
本试验旨在研究亚麻油对宁乡猪背肌和3种不同脂肪组织中长链脂肪酸谱的影响,并探究脂肪酸生成的潜在机制。选取日龄相近、平均体重(43.21±0.64) kg的宁乡阉母猪30头,随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复3头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加2%亚麻油,试验期56 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加2%亚麻油后,宁乡猪背肌中花生一烯酸(C20∶1)、γ-亚麻酸(C18∶3n-6)、α-亚麻酸(C18∶3n-3)含量显著提高(P0.05),花生四烯酸(C20∶4n-6)含量显著降低(P0.05);饲粮中添加2%亚麻油对3个脂肪组织中脂肪酸含量的影响与背肌趋于一致,如能显著提高背脂、腹脂和肾周脂中亚油酸(C18∶2n-6c)、C18∶3n-6、C18∶3n-3、二十碳三烯酸(C20∶3n-6)含量(P0.05),降低背脂和腹脂中油酸(C18∶1n-9c)(P0.05)、C20∶4n-6(0.05≤P0.10)及肾周脂中硬脂酸(C18∶0)含量(P0.05);同时,饲粮中添加2%亚麻油还能显著降低3种脂肪组织中n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)比值(P0.05),使3种脂肪组织中平均n-6/n-3 PUFA比值降到5.92。此外,饲粮中添加2%亚麻油能显著下调背脂中乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α(ACCα)、γ-过氧化酶活化增生受体(PPARγ)和脂肪酸去饱和酶2(FADS2)基因的表达(P0.05),对α-过氧化酶活化增生受体(PPARα)基因的表达也有抑制趋势(0.05≤P0.10)。上述结果表明,饲粮中添加2%亚麻油能显著提高宁乡猪背肌、背脂、腹脂和肾周脂中C18∶3n-3含量,使3种脂肪组织中平均n-6/n-3 PUFA比值降至《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》推荐范围(4～6)内;这可能是通过调控细胞分化及抑制脂肪酸从头合成途径实现的。  相似文献   

5.
本研究旨在探讨饲粮中添加硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶(SCD)的抑制剂(梧桐子油)和促进剂(罗格列酮)对绵羊背最长肌及皮下脂肪中脂肪酸组成及含量的影响。选用18只平均体重为(27.71±2.64)kg、生理状况相似的杂交公羊(美利奴×小尾寒羊♀)随机分为3组,每组6只。对照组(C组)饲喂基础饲粮+4.8%胡麻籽,梧桐子油组(W组)饲喂C组饲粮+15 g/d梧桐子油,罗格列酮组(L组)饲喂C组饲粮+8 mg/d罗格列酮。试验期50 d,其中过渡期10 d,预试期5 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:1)与C组相比,W组背最长肌中反-11油酸(trans-11 C18∶1)、反-9,12亚油酸(trans-9,12 C18∶2)的含量显著增加(P0.05),亚麻酸(C18∶3)(n-6)含量显著降低(P0.05),皮下脂肪中花生烯酸(C20∶1)含量显著升高(P0.05),其他脂肪酸含量没有显著变化(P0.05);2)与C组相比,L组背最长肌中trans-11 C18∶1、trans-9,12 C18∶2、顺-9,反-11共轭亚油酸(cis-9,trans-11 CLA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量和PUFA/饱和脂肪酸(SFA)显著增加(P0.05),C18∶3(n-6)和SFA的含量显著降低(P0.05),皮下脂肪中癸酸(C10∶0)、顺-9油酸(cis-9 C18∶1)和花生三烯酸(C20∶3)(n-3)含量显著升高(P0.05)。结果提示,饲粮中添加梧桐子油增加了绵羊背最长肌中trans-11 C18∶1、trans-9,12 C18∶2的含量,降低了C18∶3(n-6)的含量,增加了皮下脂肪中C20∶1的含量;饲粮中添加罗格列酮增加了绵羊背最长肌中trans-11 C18∶1、trans-9,12 C18∶2和cis-9,trans-11 CLA的含量,降低了C18∶3(n-6)的含量,增加了皮下脂肪中C10∶0、cis-9 C18∶1和C20∶3(n-3)的含量。  相似文献   

6.
选取125日龄,体重为60kg左右的杜×长×大三元去势肥育猪32头,随机分为4组,每组8头,公母各半。对照组添加2%猪油,3个试验组分别添加3%亚麻油、3%鱼油和1.5%亚麻油+1.5%鱼油,研究日粮中不同来源脂肪酸对育肥猪生长性能和猪肉脂肪酸组成的影响。结果表明:1)日粮中添加不同油脂对猪生长性能无显著影响;2)日粮中添加3%亚麻油、3%鱼油以及1.5%亚麻油+1.5%鱼油组,可以使猪肉中的C18∶3分别提高236.9%(P<0.01)、27.1%(P>0.05)和204.9%(P<0.01);C20∶5分别提高142.4%(P<0.01)、732.9%(P<0.01)和360.5%(P<0.01);C22∶5分别提高24.0%(P>0.05)、40.5%(P<0.05)和36.4%(P<0.05);C22∶6分别提高5.6%(P>0.05)、222.2%(P<0.01)和136.9%(P<0.01);总n-3PUFA的含量提高131.2%(P<0.01)、317.2%(P<0.01)和223.0%(P<0.01);3)各试验组猪肉中总n-3PUFA的含量显著提高,n-6/n-3的值显著降低。  相似文献   

7.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加共轭亚油酸(CLA)对开产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄硬度和蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响。采用单因素随机试验设计,选用产蛋率、体重相近的18周龄海兰褐蛋鸡630只,随机分为7组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡,分别饲喂添加0、1%、2%、3%、4%、5%和6%CLA的试验饲粮,预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)饲粮CLA添加水平≤2%时,对蛋鸡的生产性能、蛋品质无显著影响(P0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮添加2%~4%CLA可增加蛋壳厚度(P0.05);饲粮CLA添加水平≥3%时,产蛋率显著降低(P0.05),蛋黄硬度显著增加(P0.05);饲粮CLA添加水平≥4%时,平均日采食量和腹脂率显著降低(P0.05);饲粮CLA添加水平≥5%时,料蛋比显著升高(P0.05),蛋黄比例显著降低(P0.05)。2)1%、2%CLA添加组蛋黄中C16∶0、C18∶0和饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量显著低于其他组(P0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮CLA添加水平≥4%时,蛋黄中C16∶0、C18∶0和SFA含量显著增加(P0.05),C16∶1、C18∶1、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量显著降低(P0.05)。蛋黄中CLA含量随饲粮CLA添加水平的增加呈显著二次升高(P0.01),c9,t11-CLA的富集量是t10,c12-CLA的1.47倍。综上,饲粮添加2%CLA,可以改善蛋壳质量,降低蛋黄中SFA含量,蛋黄中可富集一定量的CLA,且不影响蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质。  相似文献   

8.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加亚麻籽油对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄脂肪酸组成及鸡蛋风味的影响。选取40周龄海兰灰商品代蛋鸡288只,随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复9只鸡。设计分别添加0、0.5%、1.0%和3.0%亚麻籽油的4种等能等氮日粮。预试期1周,正试期4周。结果显示:(1)日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%、3.0%亚麻籽油对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质均无显著影响(P0.05);(2)亚麻籽油可显著提高蛋黄中α-亚麻酸(ALA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)及总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量,且其随亚麻籽油添加水平增加呈线性和二次变化(P0.05);(3)3.0%亚麻籽油组显著降低了蛋黄气味及滋味评分,同时显著增强了蛋黄鱼腥气味及滋味评分(P0.05),而蛋黄总体接受度显著降低(P0.05),且其均随亚麻籽油添加水平增加呈线性和二次变化(P0.05);(4)鸡蛋蛋黄总n-3PUFA含量与鱼腥气味、滋味间具有显著相关性(P0.05),且鸡蛋蛋黄接受度随n-3PUFA含量增加而降低(R2=0.801)。综上所述,日粮添加亚麻籽油可提高蛋黄总n-3PUFA含量,但添加量过高时对鸡蛋风味产生不良影响导致总体接受度下降;蛋黄总n-3PUFA含量不高于21.26mg/g时,可接受度评分大于5分,鸡蛋感官品质在可接受范围内。  相似文献   

9.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加共轭亚油酸(CLA)对开产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄硬度和蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响。采用单因素随机试验设计,选用产蛋率、体重相近的18周龄海兰褐蛋鸡630只,随机分为7组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡,分别饲喂添加0、1%、2%、3%、4%、5%和6%CLA的试验饲粮,预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)饲粮CLA添加水平≤2%时,对蛋鸡的生产性能、蛋品质无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮添加2%~4%CLA可增加蛋壳厚度(P>0.05);饲粮CLA添加水平≥3%时,产蛋率显著降低(P<0.05),蛋黄硬度显著增加(P<0.05);饲粮CLA添加水平≥4%时,平均日采食量和腹脂率显著降低(P<0.05);饲粮CLA添加水平≥5%时,料蛋比显著升高(P<0.05),蛋黄比例显著降低(P<0.05)。2)1%、2%CLA添加组蛋黄中C16∶0、C18∶0和饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮CLA添加水平≥4%时,蛋黄中C16∶0、C18∶0和SFA含量显著增加(P<0.05),C16∶1、C18∶1、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。蛋黄中CLA含量随饲粮CLA添加水平的增加呈显著二次升高(P<0.01),c9,t11-CLA的富集量是t10,c12-CLA的1.47倍。综上,饲粮添加2%CLA,可以改善蛋壳质量,降低蛋黄中SFA含量,蛋黄中可富集一定量的CLA,且不影响蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质。  相似文献   

10.
通过添加植物油(豆油和亚麻籽油)配制3种等氮但脂肪水平不同的日粮(Ⅰ组6%;Ⅱ组9%;Ⅲ组12%),研究其对罗氏沼虾生长、体组织常规组分及肌肉和肝胰腺脂肪酸组成的影响。选取质量(1.00±0.01)g的罗氏沼虾幼虾600尾,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复50尾虾,网箱饲养60 d。结果显示:Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组罗氏沼虾体重、增重、增重率、特定生长率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲料系数则以Ⅰ组最高,且显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。日粮不同脂肪水平对罗氏沼虾全虾和肌肉中总水分、干物质中粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量均没有显著影响(P>0.05)。罗氏沼虾肌肉中亚油酸、亚麻油酸含量低于它们在肝胰腺中的含量,n-3 PUFA>n-6 PUFA;而花生四烯酸、EPA和DHA在肌肉中的含量高于其在肝胰腺中的含量,并且n-3 PUFA0.05);n-6 PUFA中,C18:2n-6(亚油酸)和C20:4n-6(AA)均无显著变化(P>0.05);HUFA含量随日粮脂肪水平增加递减,且Ⅲ组显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。肝胰腺中亚油酸(C18:2n-6)和亚麻油酸(C18:3n-3)含量逐渐增加,且组间差异显著(P<0.05),而SFA(C14:0、C16:0、C18:0)、EPA及DHA含量则明显下降(P<0.05)。结果表明,日粮脂肪水平对罗氏沼虾生长及肌肉和肝胰腺脂肪酸组成有显著影响。  相似文献   

11.
Fifty Suffolk-crossbred wether lambs, with an initial live weight of 29 +/- 2.1 kg, were allocated to one of five concentrate-based diets formulated to have a similar fatty acid content (60 g/kg DM), but containing either linseed oil (high in 18:3n-3); fish oil (high in 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3); protected linseed and soybean (PLS; high in 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3); fish oil and marine algae (fish/algae; high in 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3); or PLS and algae (PLS/algae; high in 18:3n-3 and 22:6n-3). Lambs were slaughtered when they reached 40 kg. Growth performance and intake were similar (P > 0.35) among treatments. By contrast, gain:feed was higher (P < 0.05) in lambs fed the fish oil compared with the linseed oil or PLS/algae diets. Total fatty acid concentration (mg/100 g) in the neutral lipid of the longissimus muscle was not affected by treatment (P > 0.87) but was least (P < 0.05) in the phospholipid fraction in lambs fed the linseed oil diet. Lambs fed either diet containing marine algae contained the highest (P < 0.05) percentage of 22:6n-3 in the phospholipid (mean of 5.2%), 2.8-fold higher than in sheep fed the fish oil diet. In lambs fed the fish/algae diet, the percentage of 20:5n-3 was highest (P < 0.05), contributing some 8.7, 0.8, and 0.5% of the total fatty acids in the muscle phospholipid, neutral lipids, and adipose tissue, respectively. The percentage of 18:3n-3 in the phospholipid fraction of the LM was highest (P < 0.05) in lambs fed the linseed oil diet (6.9%), a value double that of sheep fed the PLS diet. By contrast, lambs fed the PLS diet had twice the percentage of 18:3n-3 in the muscle neutral lipids (3.8%) than those offered the linseed oil diet, and 5.5-fold greater than lambs fed the fish/algae treatment (P < 0.05), an effect that was similar in the adipose tissue. The percentage of 18:2n-6 was highest (P < 0.05) in lambs fed the PLS diet, where it contributed 33.7, 10.1, and 11.2% in the muscle phospholipid, neutral lipids, and adipose tissue, respectively. The highest (P < 0.05) muscle PUFA-to-saturated fatty acid (P:S) ratio was obtained in lambs fed the PLS diet (0.57), followed by the PLS/algae diet (0.46), and those fed the fish oil or linseed oil diets had the lowest ratios (0.19 and 0.26, respectively). The favorable P:S ratio of lambs fed the PLS/algae diet, in conjunction with the increased levels of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3, enhanced the nutritional qualities of lamb to more closely resemble what is recommended for the human diet.  相似文献   

12.
The omega-3 fatty acid (FA) enrichment of yolk is a key means one of the main objectives to improve the nutraceutical properties of eggs. We evaluated the effect of the dietary inclusion of extruded linseed fed to laying hens on the fatty acid composition of the polar and non-polar lipid classes of the eggs. Two groups of 36 Lohmann White Leghorn layers (65 weeks old) were each fed one of two different diets for a period of 12 weeks. The two diets consisted of a conventional cereal-based diet concentrate (C) and a diet concentrate containing 5% linseed (L). The inclusion of linseed in the diet increased the content of α-linolenic (C18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (C22:6n-3) acids in neutral lipids, while a concomitant decrease in arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) was observed. As regards the polar fraction, the fatty acid composition was slightly affected by the dietary treatments except for C18:0 (+1.14 fold), C18:2n-6 (+1.23 fold), C18:3n-3 (+2.8 fold) and C22:6n-3 (+1.41 fold). Principal component analysis demonstrated that very long-chain FAs were more representative of polar lipids, except for C20:5n-3, while neutral lipids were characterized by dietary n-3 FA (C18:3n-3).  相似文献   

13.
This study investigated the effect of modifying the n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio (FAR) of diets using linseed, soybean, and cottonseed oils on apparent digestibility, ruminal fermentation characteristics, growth performance, key circulating hormones, and the fatty acid profile of ruminal digesta, liver, and fore-shank muscle of growing lambs fed a high concentrate diet. Forty individually housed Katadhin Dorper lambs (average of 20.0 kg of BW) were fed Bermudagrass hay in ad libitum amounts and concentrates at 3.7% of BW daily. The concentrate contained 68.9% corn, 23.8% soybean meal, 3.3% limestone, and 4.0% oil supplements (DM basis). The treatments consisted of dietary n-6:n-3 FAR of 2.3:1, 8.8:1, 12.8:1, and 15.6:1. After feeding for 35 d in metabolism crates, lambs were slaughtered 15 h after feeding, and samples of ruminal digesta, blood, liver, and foreshank tissue were collected. Increasing dietary n-6:n-3 FAR did not affect the intake of DM nor the apparent digestibility of DM, ether extract, NDF, or ADF, but did increase apparent digestibility of CP (linear, P < 0.05). Concentrations of ruminal butyrate increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing dietary n-6:n-3 FAR, whereas the valerate concentration decreased linearly (P < 0.001). Concentrations of plasma insulin and IGF-I were not affected by dietary n-6:n-3 FAR. Concentrations of C18:3n-3 increased linearly (P < 0.001), whereas that of C18:2n-6 decreased linearly (P < 0.001) in ruminal digesta with decreasing dietary n-6:n-3 FAR. Concentrations of transisomers of fatty acids in ruminal digesta did not change. Proportions of C18:0 in liver and foreshank muscle were unchanged by diet. The proportion of trans11 C18:1 and cis-9 trans11 CLA decreased (P < 0.05) in liver but increased (P < 0.05) in foreshank muscle as dietary n-6:n-3 FAR decreased. Proportions of all measured n-3 fatty acids were greater in liver when diets contained more C18:3n-3 from linseed oil. By decreasing the dietary n-6:n-3 FAR, the proportions of n-6 fatty acids in foreshank muscle decreased dramatically; specifically, C18:2n-6 decreased linearly (P < 0.001) from 28.0 to 16.5% and C20:4n-6 decreased linearly (P < 0.001) from 14.7 to 8.6%. Although feeding a diet that contained more n-3 fatty acids increased the n-3 fatty acid concentration of muscle, the ratio of PUFA to SFA was decreased.  相似文献   

14.
本试验研究了日粮不同ω6/ω3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)比值(ω6/ω3)对6周龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡肉品质、血液脂质指标及脂肪酸组成的影响.采用重量替代法使各处理日粮ω6/ω3比例分别为∶30∶1、20∶1、10∶1、5∶1和2.5∶1.选用体重接近的1日龄AA鸡母雏180只,随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复6只鸡,试验期为6周,分1～4周和5～6周2个阶段.测定肉品质性状及腿肌脂肪酸组成.结果表明,随着日粮ω6/ω3的降低:(1)肌肉滴水损失极显著下降(P<0.001);当ω6/ω3为5∶1时,pHt最低,日粮ω6/ω3对肌肉肌内脂肪含量、肌苷酸含量没有显著影响(P>0.05);血液总胆固醇显著降低(P<0.001);(2)腿肌,ω3 PUFA极显著增加(P<0.001),尤其是C18∶3、C20∶5和C22∶5,ω6 PUFA显著下降(P<0.05),ω6/ω3从3.50降至1.60,多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值在1.0左右(0.96～1.04);(3)极显著地增加了腿肌中C18∶3向C20∶5和C22∶5的转化效率(P<0.001),长链ω3 PUFA(除了C18∶3)在腿肌的含量高达7.24%.日粮ω6/ω3和腿肌中C20∶5和C22∶5的关系可分别用y=2.946 7 x-1.0413(R2=0.9901)及y=-0.642 3 Ln(x)+2.56(R2=0.993 6)表示.本试验证明降低日粮ω6/ω3,能在一定程度改善肉品质,并有效地增加腿肌中人体必需的ω3长链PUFA沉积,获得了营养丰富的鸡肉.  相似文献   

15.
An 18-week feeding trial was performed to investigate the effects of an omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid-enriched ration on plasma fatty acid concentrations and platelet aggregation in healthy horses. Flaxseed oil served as the source of the n-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Twelve horses were fed dietary maintenance requirements using a complete pelleted ration (80%) and timothy grass hay (20%) for a 2-week acclimation period before being randomly assigned either to a treatment (group 1) or control (group 2) group. Group 2 horses (n = 6) were fed the diet described in the acclimation period, whereas group I horses (n = 6) were fed a 10% flaxseed oil-enriched complete pellet (80%) and grass hay (20%). Biological samples and physical measurements were collected at one point during the acclimation period (week 0) and every 4 weeks thereafter (weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16). Body weight, CBC (including platelet count), plasma fibrinogen. electrolyte (Na, K, and Cl) concentrations, and biochemical profile enzyme activities (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and creatine kinase) did not change markedly with diet. Platelet aggregation was not altered by the supplementation of flaxseed oil in these healthy horses, although increases in plasma cis-polyunsaturated 18-carbon fatty acids C18:3; n-3 (ALA) and C18:2; n-6 (linoleic acid), biologically active C20:5; n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evident. There were no marked decreases in C20:4; n-6 (arachidonic acid [AA]) or increases in C22:6; n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]), signifying that flaxseed oil may have had a high percentage of omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids as well as n-3 fatty acids, and this relatively high n-6: n-3 fatty acid ratio may have affected the biochemical effect of n-3 fatty acids. In healthy horses supplemented with flaxseed oil, platelet aggregation was not altered, which may have been due to the limited biologic effect in healthy subjects or the inability of flaxseed oil to induce the necessary biochemical effect of replacing n-6 fatty acids with n-3 types.  相似文献   

16.
Because of the potential benefits to human health, there is interest in increasing 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3, 22:6n-6, and cis-9,trans-11 CLA in ruminant foods. Four Aberdeen Angus steers (406 ± 8.2 kg of BW) fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square experiment with 21-d periods to examine the potential of fish oil (FO) and linseed oil (LO) in the diet to increase ruminal outflow of trans-11 18:1 and total n-3 PUFA in growing cattle. Treatments consisted of a control diet (60:40; forage:concentrate ratio, on a DM basis, respectively) based on maize silage, or the same basal ration containing 30 g/kg of DM of FO, LO, or a mixture (1:1, wt/wt) of FO and LO (LFO). Diets were offered as total mixed rations and fed at a rate of 85 g of DM/(kg of BW(0.75)/d). Oils had no effect (P = 0.52) on DMI. Linseed oil had no effect (P > 0.05) on ruminal pH or VFA concentrations, whereas FO shifted rumen fermentation toward propionate at the expense of acetate. Compared with the control, LO increased (P < 0.05) 18:0, cis 18:1 (Δ9, 12-15), trans 18:1 (Δ4-9, 11-16), trans 18:2, geometric isomers of 9,11, 11,13, and 13,15 CLA, trans-8,cis-10 CLA, trans-10,trans-12 CLA, trans-12,trans-14 CLA, and 18:3n-3 flow at the duodenum. Inclusion of FO in the diet resulted in greater (P < 0.05) flows of cis-9 16:1, trans 16:1 (Δ6-13), cis 18:1 (Δ9, 11, and 13), trans 18:1 (Δ6-15), trans 18:2, 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, and 22:6n-3, and decreased (P < 0.001) 18:0 at the duodenum relative to the control. For most fatty acids at the duodenum, responses to LFO were intermediate of FO and LO. However, LFO resulted in greater (P = 0.04) flows of total trans 18:1 than LO and increased (P < 0.01) trans-6 16:1 and trans-12 18:1 at the duodenum compared with FO or LO. Biohydrogenation of cis-9 18:1 and 18:2n-6 in the rumen was independent of treatment, but both FO and LO increased (P < 0.001) the extent of 18:3n-3 biohydrogenation compared with the control. Ruminal 18:3n-3 biohydrogenation was greater (P < 0.001) for LO and LFO than FO, whereas biohydrogenation of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 in the rumen was marginally less (P = 0.05) for LFO than FO. In conclusion, LO and FO at 30 g/kg of DM altered the biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids in the rumen, causing an increase in the flow of specific intermediates at the duodenum, but the potential of these oils fed alone or as a mixture to increase n-3 PUFA at the duodenum in cattle appears limited.  相似文献   

17.
Thirteen horses of Thoroughbred or Standardbred breeding were used to study the effect of dietary fish oil supplementation on blood lipid characteristics. Horses were assigned to either fish oil (n = 7) or corn oil (n = 6) treatment groups for 63 d. The fish oil contained 10.8% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 8% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Each horse received timothy hay and a mixed-grain concentrate at rates necessary to maintain BW. Oil (corn or fish) was top-dressed on the concentrate daily at a rate of 324 mg/ kg of BW. The n-6:n-3 ratio was approximately 3.6:1 for horses receiving the corn oil diet and 1.4:1 for horses receiving the fish oil diet. Horses were exercised 5 d/wk during the study. Before supplementation, there was no difference in the concentrations of any serum fatty acids between the 2 treatment groups. The mean basal concentrations of EPA and DHA on d 0 were 0.04 and 0.01 mg/mL, respectively. After 63 d, horses receiving the fish oil treatment, but not those receiving the corn oil treatment, had increased concentrations of EPA and DHA (P <0.05). Fish oil supplementation for 63 d also increased the concentrations of C22:0, C22:1, and C22:5 fatty acids (P <0.05). Overall, horses receiving fish oil had a decreased concentration of n-6 fatty acids (P <0.05) and a greater concentration of n-3 fatty acids (P <0.01), resulting in a lower n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio after 63 d (P <0.05). Serum cholesterol concentrations increased (P <0.05) during the supplementation period in horses receiving the corn oil but not in horses receiving the fish oil. Compared with horses receiving corn oil, horses receiving fish oil had lower serum triglycerides at d 63 (P <0.05). These results demonstrate that 63 d of fish oil supplementation at 324 mg/kg of BW was sufficient to alter the fatty acid profile and blood lipid properties of horses receiving regular exercise.  相似文献   

18.
The effects of dietary fat supplementation on performance, fatty acid (FA) composition of tissues and antioxidant defence system of broilers were studied. Male broilers were placed in 20 floor pens (60 broilers per pen). The broilers were fed by diets with added different energy sources: lard (L); sunflower oil (SFO); soybean oil (SBO); and linseed oil (LSO). The treatments did not modify significantly growth performance and feed intake of the broilers. There was no effect of dietary FA pattern on reduced glutathione level and glutathione peroxidase activity of plasma, erythrocyte and liver samples. However, higher PUFA content of the diet resulted in a significant increase in malondialdehyde level of erythrocytes and liver. The broilers fed LSO diet more effectively maintained their antioxidant status with enhanced plasma radical scavenger capacity. FA composition in tissues reflected the FA pattern of the diets, although proportion of FAs with four or more double bonds was metabolic specific. LSO diet increased the level of C18:3, C20:5 and C22:6 in tissue lipids in relation to L, SFO and SBO diets. Significantly increased plasma radical scavenging capacity in concert with the enhanced C20:5 and C22:6 proportion in liver and muscle during LSO feeding indicate metabolic changes to counteract the oxidative injury. This may be related to the compounds produced after different biochemical pathways of n-6 and n-3 FAs.  相似文献   

19.
Spelt is a covered cereal with large glumellas. In experiment 1, it has been compared in terms of chemical composition with barley, oat and maize. Spelt is characterized by rather low protein and ether extract (EE) contents. The neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content of spelt was slightly higher than that of oat but the acid detergent fibre (ADF) content was lower. Two compound feedstuffs were fed along with hay to six horses used in a cross-over design. Both diets were well appreciated by the horses and there were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility coefficients, except for EE which was significantly higher, when oat was included in the compound feedstuff. In experiment 2, first pressure linseed oil was incorporated at a rate of 8% in a control compound feedstuff, where the barley was partly substituted by the oil. The fat content was 9.6% dry matter (DM) in the linseed oil compound feedstuff and 5.4% in the hay-concentrate ration. The inclusion of linseed oil increased the digestibility of DM, EE and NDF of the diet. There were no effects on the post-prandial concentrations of glucose, triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) but the insulin concentration was significantly reduced with the linseed oil inclusion. There were significant increases in the plasma concentrations of the total fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), saturated fatty acids (SFA), C18:3 n-3 and C18:2 n-6 and significant reductions in the contents of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), C18:1 n-7 + n-9 and C20:4 n-6. It is concluded that the inclusions of spelt and first pressure linseed oil in compound feed stuff for horse are of interest for modern horse feeding.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号