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芦台农场对２００头荷斯坦小母牛从初生至１８月龄每月分别称重，分析其生长发育和日增重情况。２００头母犊的平均初生重为３８ｋｇ，在合理饲养管理条件下，犊牛和育成牛的平均日增重除１月龄为４８５．０ｇ，２月龄为５６５．２ｇ，４、５月龄为６９０．７、６８４．０ｇ外，其余各月龄均在７００ｇ以上，其中９、１０月龄在８００ｇ以上。满１４、１５、１６、１７和１８月龄，分别有３９、４９、３９、２２和１３头达到最低配种体重（３７５ｋｇ）要求，至１８月龄合计有１６２头，占总头数的８１％，说明犊牛和育成牛在现行饲养标准下生长发育正常，因此推行的饲养标准和管理技术是可行的。 相似文献
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芦台农场对２００头荷斯坦小母牛从初生对１８日龄每月分别称重，分析其生长发育和日增重情况。２００头母犊的平均初生重为３８ｋｇ，在合理饲养管理条件下，犊牛和育成牛的平均日增重除１日龄为４８５．０ｇ月龄为５６５．２ｇ，４，５月龄为６９０．７，６８４．０ｇ外，其余各月龄均在７００ｇ以上，其中９，１０，月龄在８００ｇ以上，满１４，１５，１６，１７和１８月龄，分别有３９，４９，３９，２２和１３头达到最低配种体 相似文献
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对约半岁的牦犊牛于１月２６日提前断奶,进行为期４个月的简单补饲。前２月由于适应新环境,补饲组牛比未补饲组牛每月多失重２．４３ｋｇ,但后２月补饲组牛比未补饲组牛每月多增重７．０１ｋｇ,补饲效果十分明显。在停止补饲后的２月内,原补饲组牛日增重为４２９．０２ｇ,比未补饲组牛日增重高４２．６３ｇ。补饲组牛在补饲期的体高平均增长３．５４ｃｍ,而未补饲组牛则下降２．６４ｃｍ。未补饲的牦牛犊从１月２６日￣７月２６日,每两个月体重变化情况分别为－０．９５ｋｇ、－０．８２ｋｇ和２３．９６ｋｇ。而饲组相应为－５．８０ｋｇ、１４．４８ｋｇ和２６．１７ｋｇ,表明补饲效果较为显著。 相似文献
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目的 为了解决奶牛养殖企业在降低断奶犊牛培育饲料成本上存在的难点。方法 本试验在天津嘉立荷牧业集团有限公司断奶犊牛饲养管理技术水平上,对犊牛前期配合料进行营养水平调整,研发新的犊牛后期配合料,并对比两种犊牛颗粒料在断奶犊牛中的饲喂效果。结果 饲喂两种犊牛颗粒料,断奶犊牛日粮总采食量、日增重、日增体高、日增体斜长和日增腹围无差异（P>0.05）,其中平均日粮总采食量分别为5.70 kg和5.90 kg,平均日增重分别为1.20 kg和1.22 kg,平均日增体高分别为0.23 cm和0.22 cm,平均日增体斜长分别为0.27 cm和0.28 cm,平均日增腹围分别为0.43 cm和0.44 cm;饲喂了犊牛后期配合料,断奶犊牛腹泻率降低了0.20 个百分点,日粮采食成本可节约133.98 元/头·d;日增重成本可节约24.36元/头·d。结论 犊牛后期配合料既能降低断奶犊牛培育的饲养成本,又能满足断奶犊牛生长发育营养需要。 相似文献
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西杂牛连续埋植“畜大壮”效果观察 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本试验对甘肃河西地区西杂１－２岁和周岁以下的犊牛连续用促生长剂“畜大壮”分阶段进行耳根埋植,试验结果表明,４－６月龄犊牛全期１８０天,试验组增重和平均日增重分别为５．５ｋｇ和３０８．３３ｇ,试验组比对照组提高３７．２５ｋｇ和２０６．９４ｇ（Ｐ〈０．０１）,１－２岁牛全期１８０天,试验组平均增重和日增重分别为５６．４３ｋｇ和３１４．４９ｇ,试验缄比对照组分别提高３０．０３ｋｇ和１６６．８２ｇ差异显著 相似文献
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奥耐尔犊牛代乳粉代替全乳饲喂中国荷斯坦奶公犊的试验报告 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对中国荷斯坦公犊按常规饲养方案用４５ｋｇ奥耐尔犊牛代乳粉替换３６２ｋｇ全乳饲养到６月龄时，平均体重２１２．４ｋｇ，平均日增重９３６ｇ，与全乳饲养组十分接近。试验牛生长发育正常，饲料转化效率高，表明奥耐尔犊牛代乳粉可用来代替全乳，且饲养效益优于全乳饲养组。 相似文献
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选用长白经产母猪所产仔猪１６窝，按２８日龄断奶５窝，３５日龄奶断５窝，４５日龄断奶６窝，分设为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组，均饲养至６０日龄进行猪瘟中和抗体监测。然后三组半仔猪生产性能及对猪瘟中和抗体的影响。结果１组６０日龄平均窝重１２３．６ｋｇ，日均增重２８９ｇ，成活率８８．９％，Ⅱ组６０日龄平均窝重１４５．９ｋｇ，日平均增重３２０ｇ，成活率９２．６％；Ⅲ组６０日龄平均窝重１２３．６ｋｇ，日均增重２８１ｇ，成活 相似文献
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[目的]探索犊牛早期(3月龄)断奶的可行性,为推广犊牛早期(3月龄)断奶技术提供依据,增加养殖企业的经济效益成本。[方法]试验选取出生后3月龄的西门塔尔犊牛,进行断奶饲养,测量断奶后不同日龄的体重及体尺指标,分析其生长发育情况,并对体重及体尺进行相关性分析。[结果]西门塔尔犊牛断奶后增重快速,断奶后90天,犊牛平均体重达到269.67kg,断奶后平均总增重达到101.54kg,全程日均增重为1128.22g。断奶后90天与断奶后30天比较,体斜长、体高、胸宽、胸深、胸围、腹围、臀围均呈现增加的趋势,其中增长较快的是腹围,其次是胸围,分别增加了19.0cm,14.67cm。体重与体斜长、体高、胸宽、胸深、胸围、腹围、臀围均呈正相关,其中体重与体斜长、体高、胸深、胸围、腹围呈极显著相关(p<0.01)。[结论]犊牛早期(3月龄)断奶后犊牛生长发育情况较好,犊牛早期(3月龄)断奶具有较强的可行性,可大范围推广。 相似文献
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K L Anderson T G Nagaraja J L Morrill P G Reddy T B Avery N V Anderson 《Journal of animal science》1988,66(3):806-813
Twenty-two neonatal calves were assigned to a control or lasalocid-fed group and weaned at 3 wk of age. They were fed a prestarter diet from 3 d of age until they consumed 227 g/d and then a mixture of 227 g prestarter daily and starter diet in ad libitum amounts. The lasalocid-fed group received lasalocid in milk at 1 mg/kg body weight daily from 4 to 7 d and at .5 mg/kg body weight daily in milk and medicated prestarter diet (88 mg lasalocid/kg) during the 2nd wk. After 2 wk, lasalocid-fed calves were given medicated prestarter and starter (44 mg lasalocid/kg) diets. Four calves in each group were ruminally cannulated at 3 to 5 d of age, and ruminal contents were obtained at weekly intervals to monitor microbial activity. Rectal fecal samples were collected from all calves and examined for coccidial oocysts. Lasalocid-fed calves had a greater weekly feed intake and weight gain than control calves after 6 wk of age. Total ruminal volatile fatty acid concentrations were higher, but the acetate:propionate ratio was lower in lasalocid-fed calves than in control calves. Total viable anaerobic and amylolytic bacterial counts were higher in lasalocid-fed calves than in control calves. No significant treatment effect was found for ruminal NH3-N concentration or ruminal lasalocid-resistant, lactobacilli, lactate-utilizing, cellulolytic or methanogenic bacterial numbers. No evidence of coccidiosis was detected in either group. In general, lasalocid-fed calves had greater feed intake, weight gain and ruminal microbial activity than the calves fed no lasalocid in the diet. 相似文献
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Effect of dietary concentration of metabolizable lysine on finishing cattle performance 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Klemesrud MJ Klopfenstein TJ Stock RA Lewis AJ Herold DW 《Journal of animal science》2000,78(4):1060-1066
A finishing trial and a metabolism trial were conducted to determine the effect of supplemental metabolizable Lys level on finishing calf performance and to estimate the metabolizable Lys requirement of finishing calves. The finishing trial included 60 individually fed crossbred beef steer calves (237 kg; SD = 20 kg) supplemented with either incremental amounts of rumen-protected Lys and Met, or Met alone. Addition of Lys and Met improved gains and efficiencies (quadratic; P < .02) during the first 56 d. There was no response to supplemental Met alone, suggesting that supplemental Lys rather than Met was responsible for the improvement in performance. Using nonlinear analyses to compare gain relative to supplemental Lys intake, maximum gain was determined to be 2.10 kg/d, or .27 kg/d above the zero Lys control, at a supplemental Lys intake of 2.56 g/d. Steers supplemented with 3 and 4 g of Lys had a weight advantage over the control steers of 16 kg at 56 d and 32 kg at the end of the 161-d trial. However, there were no statistical responses to Lys or Met during any periods after 56 d. During a separate metabolism trial, four steers fed the control finishing diet were slaughtered, and abomasal contents were collected for amino acid analyses. The predicted (Level 1 NRC, 1996) metabolizable protein flow to the abomasum for the control diet was 715 g/d, and the predicted Lys flow was 37.9 g/d. A supplemental Lys intake of 2.56 g/d would increase the Lys flow to 40.5 g/d. Feedlot diets low in ruminal escape protein may be deficient in metabolizable Lys, especially early in the feeding period. The metabolizable Lys requirement of steer calves gaining 2.10 kg/d is estimated to be 40.5 g/d. 相似文献
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选择出生日期5～8 d,5 d初乳期后的荷斯坦母犊牛20头,按照体重相近的原则随机分为两组,每组10头,记为试验组和对照组,试验组饲喂代乳粉,对照组饲喂全乳,其精料、粗料两组均相同,哺乳期45 d,断奶。1月龄和2月龄两组牛平均日增重,第一个月分别为513 g、611 g;第二个月分别为823 g、812 g。试验组生长发育正常,第二个月试验组比对照组饲料转化率稍有提高,表明代乳粉可用来代替全乳饲养犊牛。 相似文献
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M W Verstegen J H Boon W van der Hel M H Kessels J Meulenbroeks 《Journal of animal science》1989,67(1):241-251
To determine the effects of lungworm infection on energy metabolism and rate of weight gain, five 3-mo-old male Friesian calves were infected orally twice each week with 640, third-stage larvae of Dictyocaulus viviparus (D.v.) over an 8-wk period. Infected calves were matched with uninfected controls on the basis of similar rates of feed consumption and weight gain during the acclimation period before infection. Infected calves were fed 2 kg of concentrates daily (88% DM), about 8.5 Mcal/d. Controls each received approximately 250 g less, about 7.5 Mcal/d. Similar amounts of hay (5.6 to 5.8 Mcal/d) were provided to all calves. Clinical, serum chemical, hematological and parasitological criteria, weight gain and utilization of energy were monitored on a weekly basis. Serum chemical and hematological analyses and clinical examinations of infected animals revealed signs typical of lungworm infection. Fecal and sputum sample examinations for infected calves were positive for D.v. larvae and ova, respectively. Control animals gained approximately 80 g.animal-1.d-1 more than infected calves. Lungworm infection had no significant effect on digestibility of energy or protein. Metabolizability of energy ingested was somewhat higher in the infected calves due to a higher dietary concentrate to roughage ratio. Utilization of metabolizable energy and protein tended to be less efficient for infected animals. Results showed that D.v.-infected calves need more feed for gain than do uninfected animals. This extra requirement is due to an increased maintenance requirement and probably to a reduced protein retention from digested protein. 相似文献
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Christine F. Murray Doug M. Veira Audrey L. Nadalin Deborah M. Haines Marion L. Jackson David L. Pearl Ken E. Leslie 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2015,79(2):109-119
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of calving difficulty or dystocia on the vitality of newborn calves and its association with blood pH, the apparent efficiency of immunoglobulin G (IgG) absorption (AEA), and weight gain. A total of 45 calving events (N = 48 calves) were monitored from the first sight of fetal membranes. All calves were assessed at the time of first attaining sternal recumbency (SR), at 2 and 24 h, and at 7 and 14 d of age. Measurements included time to SR, rectal temperature, respiration and heart rate, analysis of blood gases and other blood measures, suckling response, time to standing, passive transfer of IgG, and weight gain. Calves were separated from their dam 2 h after birth and fed a commercial colostrum replacer containing 180 g of IgG by esophageal tube feeder. Calves born following dystocia had lower venous blood pH and took longer to attain SR and attempt to stand than those born unassisted. Duration of calving interacted with the number of people required to extract the calf by pulling as a significant predictor of pH at SR. No association was found between pH at SR and AEA. However, reduced AEA was found in calves that were female and in calves that did not achieve SR within 15 min of birth. A longer calving duration, being born in July or August rather than June, and a shorter time spent standing in the first 2 d of life were significantly associated with reduced weight gain to 14 d. It was concluded that factors at calving impact the physiology, vitality, and subsequent weight gain of newborn calves. 相似文献
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对 2 0头秦川牛青年母牛 ( 1 .5岁 )和 1 0头秦川牛犊牛 ( 0 .5岁 )进行了“万力补”饲料添加剂饲养对比试验。犊牛试验结果为 :试验组犊牛平均日增重 32 5 g/d,对照组犊牛平均日增重32 0 g/d,试验结果表明用“万力补”饲料添加剂饲喂秦川牛犊牛效果不显著 ,在犊牛期可不予添加 ;青年牛试验结果为 :试验组水平 平均日增重 35 5 g/d,水平 平均日增重 494g/d,水平 平均日增重 5 0 0 g/d,对照组平均日增重为 - 5 0 g/d,试验结果表明用“万力补”饲料添加剂饲喂秦川牛青年母牛效果十分显著 ,生产中可予以采用 ;试验结果得出的理想添加量为每头牛每天添加“万力补”饲料添加剂 1 0 0 g 相似文献
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U Bünger P Kaphengst W Kleiner P Schmoldt U Fiebig T Motsch J Pongé 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1984,34(9):641-649
195 rearing calves, which immediately after their gathering from various dairy farms had an anaemia frequency of 57.4% and an average age of 22 d and an average live weight of 43 kg, were at random divided into 3 groups and received in addition to the iron in the rations oral (B), intramuscular (C) or no (A) ferridextrane applications during their 56-day stay in the fluid feed range of a rearing farm. The average live weight gain of the calves during these 56 days in groups A, B, and C was 882 +/- 171, 949 +/- 145 and 912 +/- 170 g/d resp. and during the 57-day stay in the weaning range 664 +/- 205, 715 +/- 222 and 670 +/- 226 g/d resp. The significant advantage in the development reached by the calves in group B over those in group A during their stay in the fluid feed range did not get lost after the change to the weaning range. Based on the cost of medicine and on the development of the live weight of the calves in the 3 test groups in the fluid feed and weaning ranges the economic effect of ferridextrane applications was calculated. Under the rearing conditions given, iron intervention proved to be sensible for both health and economic reasons. 相似文献
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22头体重相近的荷斯坦犊牛随机分为2组,试验组饲喂代乳料,对照组饲喂新鲜牛奶。经60d的饲喂试验发现,试验组增重比对照组多5.3kg/头,且差异极显著(P<0.01),日增重比对照组提高了88.3g/d,差异极显著(P<0.01)。 相似文献