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不同禽类核型似近系数聚类分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对北京油鸡和金定鸭染色体核型进行了研究。结果表明:北京油鸡和金定鸭常染色体形态存在较大差异,北京油鸡的No.4、No.6和No.8染色体分别为st、sm型和m型染色体;而金定鸭的No.4、No.6和No.8染色体均为t型染色体;北京油鸡的Z、W染色体为m型染色体;而金定鸭的Z和W染色体分别为st型和t型染色体。此外,核型似近系数和进化距离聚类分析表明6种禽类可分为3类,Ⅰ类包括金定鸭和五龙鹅;Ⅱ类包括鹌鹑、石鸡和北京油鸡;而稚鸡单独成类,其结果与形态分类学和系统分类学大致相同。 相似文献
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3个地方鸡种的核型及其似近系数分析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
运用外周血淋巴细胞培养法,对我国3个地方鸡种(仙居鸡、北京油鸡、狼山鸡)染色体核型进行了研究,结果显示:仙居鸡、北京油鸡、狼山鸡染色体形态十分相似,No.1、No.2、No.8、Z、W染色体都为m型;No.6染色体都为sm型;No.3、No.5、No.7、No.9染色体都为t型,仅在No.4染色体形态和W染色体的相对长度表现出一定的差异。此外,核型似近系数和进化距离聚类分析表明,7个地方鸡种(另收集了鹿苑鸡、寿光鸡、泰和鸡和旧院黑鸡的资料)可分为3个类群,其结果与起源进化,产地分布大致相同。 相似文献
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六种基因型草坪草的染色体核型分析(简报) 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
对禾本科羊茅属和黑麦草属6种基因型草坪草的染色体核型进行了分析,结果表明,6个种的染色体数均为2n=2x=14,都为中部着丝粒或近中部着丝粒染色体,所有染色体中均未见随体。核型公式显示高羊茅品种“自豪”为2n=14=8m 6sm、“家园”为2n=14=12m 2sm、“猎狗5号”为2n=14=14m、“羊茅极品”为2n=14=14m;多年生黑麦草品种“绅士”为2n=14=8m 6sm、“黑麦王子”为2n=14=10m 4sm。羊茅属4个品种具有3种核型:2B、2A和1B;黑麦草属2个品种核型也不相同,分别为2A和2B。表明同一属下不同品种间染色体核型存在差异,而不同属下某些品种却有相同的核型类型,为通过草坪草不同属间远缘杂交进行遗传改良创造了条件。 相似文献
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隐性白羽肉鸡(农大系)的染色体核型和G-带分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文运用鸡胚成纤维细胞系制备染色体和G显带技术,对隐性白羽肉鸡的染色体核型和G带带型进行了研究。结果表明:其二倍体染色体数目2n=78,性染色体组成为ZZ(公)和ZW(母)。根据着丝粒位置,1号,8号,Z和W为中着丝粒染色体;2号和7号为近中着丝粒染色体;4号为近端着丝粒染色体;而3,5,6,9,10,11和12号均为端着丝粒染色体,而另26对染色体为无法辨别的点状染色体。研究分析了前12对常染色体和性染色体的G带带型,并绘制了包含165条带(其中75条阳性带)的G-带模式图。 相似文献
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为比较确定偃麦草属植物种质材料间的亲缘关系和进化程度,以3份不同来源的中间偃麦草(Elytrigia in-termedia(Host)Nevski)种质材料为研究对象,分别进行染色体核型及C-带带型的分析。结果表明:3份中间偃麦草种质材料均为四倍体,其中EI015的细胞染色体核型公式为2n=4x=28=2M+10m+16sm,但不显带;EI021的染色体核型公式为2n=4x=28=4M+22m(SAT)+2sm,而带型公式为2n=4x=28=5C+2CT++2CT++4T++2T++1CS++12;EI038的染色体核型公式为2n=4x=28=4M+12m+12sm(SAT),带型公式为2n=4x=28=2S++4T++1CT++1T++20,3份种质材料染色体不对称性均属2A型。综合比较染色体核型及带型变化,EI021染色体核型特征与EI015、EI038相差明显,EI015与EI038染色体核型比较相近,但EI015与EI038在带型特征上存在明显差异,说明各种质材料间亲缘关系较远,并且染色体带型分析能够更加客观地反映染色体变化。 相似文献
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试验采用根尖压片法分别对燕麦的3个种Avena nudibreri,A.hispanica和A.sativa的燕麦材料的染色体核型进行了分析。结果表明:Avena nudibreri的染色体数目为2n=14,其核型公式为2n=2x=14=10m+4sm(2SAT),具2对近中部着丝点染色体和五对中部着丝点染色体,其中第5对染色体短臂末端带有随体,核型属2A型;Avena hispanica的染色体数目为2n=28,核型公式为2n=4x=28=20m+8sm(2SAT),着丝点的位置有近中部着丝点和中部着丝点区,其中第10对染色体短臂末端带有随体,核型属2A型;Avena sativa的染色体数目为2n=42,核型公式为2n=6x=42=26m+16sm(4SAT),具8对近中部着丝点染色体,第12对和第17对染色体短臂末端带有随体,其余为中部着丝点染色体,染色体组型属2B型。 相似文献
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A cytogenetical study using metaphase chromosomes from cultured lymphocytes, was made of 2 Banteng (Bibos banteng) steers and 218 bulls representing 13 purebreeds (Bos taurus type, Bos indicus type and Sanga) and 7 cross-breeds. Studies were made of photographic karyotypes of Giemsa stained and C-banded chromosomes of bulls of each breed and of B-banded chromosomes from 3 breeds of Bos indicus and one cross-breed Australian Friesian Sahiwal) cattle. The relative lengths of chromosomes of Bos taurus and Bos indicus bulls were compared and significant difference in relative lengths of the X chromosomes were noted between these two species. There was a differences in morphology of the Y chromosomes; Sanga, Banteng and Bos taurus type breeds had a small submetacentric Y chromosome, except for the Jersey which had a metacentric Y chromosome. All Bos indicus type bulls had an acrocentric Y chromosome but the Droughtmaster breed had two forms of the Y chromosome (submetacentric and acrocentric). The C-banding patterns of the autosomes and X chromosomes were similar for all breeds while those of the Y chromosomes of Bos indicus type cattle allowed their accurate identification. G-banding patterns of Bos indicus resembled those of Bos taurus and enabled pairing of homologous chromosomes. Centromeres of the autosomes were unstained but those of the sex chromosomes were darkly stained. 相似文献
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贺明伟 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1999,29(3):12-13
采用常规细胞遗传学手段,对青海省畜牧兽医科学院饲养的哈白兔×日本大耳兔F1的染色体核型进行分析,结果表明,F1的染色体数目2n=44,染色体臂数NF=78(♂);常染色体类型1~7对为中着丝粒染色体(M),8~10对为亚中着丝粒染色体(SM),11~16对为近端着丝粒染色体(ST),17~21对为端着丝粒染色体(T),性染色体X为亚中着丝粒染色体(SM),Y为中着丝粒染色体(M),公兔核型式为44,XY(♂)。 相似文献
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Masaharu MOTOKAWA Masashi HARADA Kazuyuki MEKADA Krishna C. SHRESTHA 《Integrative zoology》2008,3(3):180-185
The karyotypes of three shrew species (Mammalia, Soricomorpha, Soricidae) from Nepal were examined for the first time. Based on the karyotypes and overall differences in skull size, the current Episoriculus caudatus appeared to include two distinct species: the larger E. caudatus and the smaller Episoriculus sacratus. Episoriculus sacratus has three subspecies, E. s. soluensis in Nepal and Sikkim, E. s. umbrinus in Assam, Myanmar and the Yunnan Province of China, and E. s. sacratus in the Sichuan Province of China. Soriculus nigrescens had a diploid chromosome number (2n) and fundamental number (FN), including two X chromosomes, of 64 and 92, respectively, consisting of 11 metacentric or submetacentric, two subtelocentric and 18 acrocentric pairs of autosomes, a metacentric X and an acrocentric Y chromosome. Episoriculus sacratus soluensis had 2n = 74 and FN = 126, consisting of 12 metacentric or submetacentric, 13 subtelocentric and 11 acrocentric pairs of autosomes, a submetacentric X and an acrocentric Y chromosome. Episoriculus caudatus had 2n = 60 and FN = 118, consisting of 19 metacentric or submetacentric, nine subtelocentric and one acrocentric pair of autosomes, a subtelocentric X and an acrocentric Y chromosome. The karyotypes of these three species are characterized by their large 2n and FN values compared with other Soricidae. 相似文献
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种公牛1/29染色体罗伯逊易位的检测结果及其遗传效应分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对夏洛来、利木赞、西门塔尔三个品种共98头种公牛染色体的遗传检测,在加系夏洛来牛中发现一例1/29染色体罗伯逊易位纯合种公牛及后代1/29罗伯逊易位杂合母牛一例。讨论了1/29染色体罗伯逊易位对繁殖性能的影响。三品种种公牛Y染色体均为中部着丝点,X染色体有中部着丝点和亚中部着丝点两种类型,在品种间呈多态性。 相似文献