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1.
《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2012,(10)
采用纯化的荷叶总碱进行体外抗新城疫病毒(NDV)活性研究,测定了其对鸡胚成纤维细胞的最大无毒浓度(TD0)、半数中毒浓度(TD50)、抑制50%细胞病变的药物浓度(IC50)和治疗指数(TI)。结果表明:荷叶总碱具有明显的抗NDV作用,其TD0、TD50、IC50和TI分别为6.25mg/mL、13.86mg/mL、1.53mg/mL和9。 相似文献
2.
白毛藤生物碱体外抗新城疫病毒作用研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用醇提法从白毛藤中提取了水溶性生物碱和脂溶性生物碱,并测定其对鸡胚成纤维细胞的最大无毒浓度(TD0)、半数中毒浓度(TD50)、抑制50%细胞病变的药物浓度(IC50)和治疗指数(TI),应用先加药物后接种病毒、先接种病毒后加药物、病毒和药物同时加入、病毒和药物体外作用2h后再同时加入四种方式测定了生物碱的体外抗NDV效果.试验结果表明:白毛藤水溶性生物碱的TD0、TD50、IC50和TI分别为6.25mg/ml、11.32 mg/ml、2.48 mg/ml和5.脂溶性生物碱的TD0、TD50、IC50和TI分别为6.25mg/ml、14.27 mg/ml、1.56 mg/ml和9;两种生物碱均有一定的抗NDV作用,其中水溶性生物碱以先加药物后加病毒的方式抗病毒效果较强.脂溶性生物碱以先接种病毒后加药及病毒和药物体外作用2h后再同时加入的方式抗病毒效果较强,且与其浓度成正相关. 相似文献
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制备莪术油注射液,评价莪术油注射液体外对猪细小病毒(PPV)7909标准毒株的作用效果。在PK-15细胞上,通过不同加药方式观察PK-15细胞病变(CPE),用MTT法测定细胞活力。结果在PK-15细胞上,药物最大安全浓度(TD0)为86.4μg/mL,半数感染浓度(TD50)为162.2μg/mL;在药物安全浓度范围内,莪术油注射液对PPV 7909标准毒株的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为1.865μg/mL,半数阻断浓度(IC50)为3.75μg/mL,半数直接杀灭作用浓度(IC50)为81.2μg/mL。结果表明莪术油对PPV 7909标准毒株有明显的体外抑制作用,但直接杀灭作用不明显。 相似文献
4.
复方术芩提取液体外抗PEDV感染PK-15细胞的作用效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨复方术芩提取液体外抗猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)感染Vero细胞作用效果,以Vero细胞为宿主细胞,通过检测药物抗PEDV活性,计算其IC50和治疗指数TI,并从药物对PEDV的直接灭活作用、阻滞作用、吸附抑制、穿入抑制及复制抑制5个方面探讨复方术芩抗PEDV作用机理。结果显示复方术芩提取液能明显抑制PEDV的致病变作用,其IC50为17.41mg/L,TI为23.40。各浓度术芩提取液对PEDV病毒复制过程中均有一定的抑制作用,其中直接灭活作用和复制抑制试验效果比较明显,且质量浓度C=100mg/L,与病毒对照相比差异极显著(P<0.01),质量浓度C≥25mg/L,细胞保护率均超过50%。而阻滞试验、吸附抑制试验和穿入抑制试验,药物质量浓度需要达到100mg/L才出现显著的保护作用。表明复方术芩提取液在体外抗PEDV主要是通过对病毒的直接灭活和对病毒复制抑制而达到抗病毒功效。 相似文献
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测定了表面活性素(Surfactin)的体外抗新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus,NDV)LaSota株、伪狂犬病病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)作用,并对其可能的机理进行了初步的探讨.结果表明,生物表面活性素对鸡胚成纤维细胞(Chicken embryo fibroblasts,CEF)的TD50和TD0分别为62.5、16.125 mg/L;对猪肾(Porcine kidney,PK-15)细胞的TD50和TD0分别为31.25、4.03 mg/L;对NDV LaSota株、PRV株所致细胞病变效应有明显的抑制作用,可使细胞存活率显著升高;表面活性素可以直接作用于NDV LaSota株、PRV株,具有一定的抗病毒作用;同时还具有一定的预防NDV LaSota株感染及抑制其复制的作用.但对PRV病毒作用不显著.其抗病毒效果和相应的阳性对照抗病毒药物病毒唑(Ribavirin),无环鸟苷(Acyclovir,ACV)相当,并且由于其细胞毒性较弱,可作为一种抗病毒药物进行开发研究. 相似文献
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研究硫酸酯化酵母β-葡聚糖对H1N1猪流感病毒的体外抑制作用及对神经氨酸酶活性的影响。采用细胞感染模型,应用MTT法检测药物对MDCK细胞的半数毒性浓度(TC50)、半数抑制浓度(IC50)及治疗指数(TI),并结合神经氨酸酶抑制试验检测药物对其活性的影响。结果表明,硫酸酯化酵母β-葡聚糖对MDCK细胞最大无毒浓度为5.34 mg/m L,其半数抑制浓度(IC50)为0.58 mg/m L,治疗指数(TI)为18.0;当药物浓度≥1.25 mg/m L时,能明显降低H1N1猪流感病毒神经氨酸酶的活性。提示硫酸酯化酵母β-葡聚糖有确定的体外抑制H1N1猪流感病毒的作用,并能影响病毒神经氨酸酶的活性。 相似文献
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为探讨牛皮消多糖(CAP)对体外抗新城疫病毒(NDV)能力的影响,本试验用水提醇沉法提取牛皮消多糖,通过苯酚硫酸法和红外光谱对牛皮消多糖进行检测,采用MTT法测定牛皮消多糖对鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)的安全浓度,多糖的安全浓度统一为625μg/mL,选择安全浓度范围内的(39.06～625μg/mL)5种浓度的各级多糖,用3种加药方式(先加多糖后接种病毒、先接种病毒后加多糖、多糖和病毒感作后加药)检测牛皮消多糖对NDV的阻断、抑制及直接杀灭作用。结果显示,先接病毒后加多糖组和多糖与病毒感作后加药组CAP_(50)、CAP_(30)、CAP_t、CAP_(80)和CAP_(70)均能显著抑制NDV感染CEF的能力,两组各级多糖抑制率分别为131.23%、110.12%、108.15%、100.24%、93.07%和61.76%、43.73%、44.51%、29.02%、37.45%;先加多糖后接病毒组CAP_(50)、CAP_(30)能显著抑制NDV感染CEF的作用(P0.05),阻断作用下对NDV的抑制率可达到15.82%、8.33%,其余各组在安全浓度范围内对NDV无抑制作用。各组中药牛皮消多糖均有较好的抗NDV活性,其中对NDV的抑制作用和直接杀灭作用强于对其阻断作用。CAP_(50)及CAP_(30)的抗NDV活性较强,可作为进一步研究材料并具备一定的研究价值。 相似文献
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《中兽医医药杂志》2016,(3)
目的:考察姜黄油体外对猪细小病毒(PPV)7909标准毒株的作用效果。方法:利用细胞病变(CPE)抑制实验测定姜黄油对PK-15单层细胞生长猪细小病毒的体外抑制作用,并采用MTT法测定细胞活力。结果:在PK-15细胞上,药物最大安全浓度TD_0为95.0μg/m L,半数感染浓度TD_(50)为178.4μg/m L;在药物安全浓度范围内,姜黄油对PPV7909标准毒株的半数抑制浓度IC_(50)为2.052μg/m L,半数阻断浓度IC_(50)为4.13μg/m L,半数直接杀灭作用浓度IC_(50)为99.11μg/m L。结论:姜黄油对PPV7909标准毒株有明显的体外抑制和阻断作用,但直接杀灭作用不明显。 相似文献
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建立了新生小鼠原代背根节(Dorsal root ganglion,DRG)神经元细胞原代培养的方法,作为评价硫酸黏菌素毒性的体外研究模型.在此模型基础上,使用不同浓度的硫酸黏菌素作用细胞24h后,应用MTT方法观察细胞毒性效应并测定细胞半数抑制浓度(IC50).结果表明,不同浓度硫酸黏菌素处理细胞后,高剂量组DRG神经元细胞出现明显病变,硫酸黏菌素浓度低于10μg/mL时,对DRG神经元细胞存活率无明显影响,硫酸黏菌素浓度达到10μg/mL以上时,细胞存活率降低,出现细胞毒性,且毒性作用强度随药物浓度增加而增强;试验测得硫酸黏菌素对DRG神经元的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为222.7μg/mL. 相似文献
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为了在体外研究紫花地丁黄酮类提取物抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV—M41）的作用,以鸡胚肾细胞为宿主细胞,阿昔洛韦为阳性对照药物,通过观察细胞病变效应（CPE）与空斑减数试验测定紫花地丁黄酮类提取物抗IBV活性,计算其IC50与治疗指数,并从药物对病毒的直接灭活作用、对病毒吸附的影响及对病毒穿膜的影响3个方面初探紫花地丁黄酮类提取物抗IBV活性的机理。结果：紫花地丁黄酮类提取物能明显抑制IBV的致病变作用,其IC50为16．52mg／L,TI值为15．76。研究显示,紫花地丁黄酮类提取物在体外对IBV直接灭活的效果明显,在高浓度时对抑制IBV吸附与穿入细胞具有一定作用。结果表明：紫花地丁黄酮类提取物在体外有明显的抗IBV感染作用,且主要是通过直接灭活IBV而发挥作用。 相似文献
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1. The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin E (as alpha-tocopherol acetate), dried rosemary leaves and rosemary volatile oil on the performance, meat quality (measured as sensory variables, pH, colour, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and bacteria count) and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in broilers fed on maize-soybean meal based diets. 2. A total of 800 broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 8 dietary treatments, which were set up with 1 control group and 7 experimental groups. The control group (VitE1) was given a basal diet including 50 mg/kg alpha-tocopherol acetate, while the experimental groups were given 5 x 7 g/kg rosemary plant (R1), 8 x 6 g/kg plant (R2), 11 x 5 g/kg plant (R3), 100 mg/kg plant oil (RO1), 150 mg/kg plant oil (RO2), 200 mg/kg plant oil (RO3) or 200 mg/kg alpha-tocopherol acetate (VitE2). 3. Although there were no statistical differences observed for feed consumption, other performance variables including live weight gain, feed efficiency and carcase yield were significantly affected. The addition of rosemary volatile oil had more effect on the performance variables than did the rosemary plant itself. 4. As a measure of meat shelf life, TBA analyses were performed on the meat samples on d 1, 3 and 5 after culling. Meat MDA levels of groups fed diets with rosemary and rosemary volatile oil were significantly lower than that of groups fed diets containing alpha-tocopherol acetate alone. 5. Significant differences were also seen between the control and experimental groups for meat colour and meat pH values as well as for sensory analyses. 6. Microbiological analyses conducted at the end of the experiment showed that E. coli counts were significantly reduced in meat samples from the experimental groups. 7. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with rosemary and its volatile oil improved broiler meat quality. Moreover growth performance was positively affected by the rosemary volatile oil supplementations. 相似文献
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桑枝皮醇提物的抗氧化和对α-糖苷酶活性的抑制作用 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
α-糖苷酶活性抑制剂是一种治疗糖尿病的口服药物。以醇水溶液为萃取溶剂,从桑树枝条的皮中获得一种具有抑制α-糖苷酶活性的桑枝皮醇提物。桑枝皮醇提物的体外生物活性试验显示其对1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼自由基具有良好的清除作用,抑制中值(IC50)为100μg/mL;对酪氨酸酶、麦芽糖酶和蔗糖酶的活性均具有很强的抑制作用,IC50值分别为0.44 mg/mL、6.5μg/mL和0.25μg/mL。对桑枝皮醇提物的酶动力学分析显示其属于底物竞争性的α-糖苷酶抑制剂。研究结果初步表明,桑枝皮醇提物不仅具有一定的抗氧化作用,而且可作为一种新型的α-糖苷酶抑制剂用于糖尿病的血糖控制。 相似文献
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复方中药透皮软膏剂的药理与毒理作用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的：研究复方中药透皮软膏剂的药理学与毒理学作用.方法：将蒲公英、金银花、连翘、赤芍、黄芩等9味中药组成复方,以水提醇沉法制得干浸膏,再与油相、水相与促渗剂制成O/W型透皮软膏剂,采用局部全封闭斑贴法进行皮肤刺激试验与皮肤致敏试验.将干浸膏加纯水稀释含生药量分别为5g/ml和1g/ml两种浓度的提取液,前者供急性毒性试验用,选用昆明系小白鼠,经口染毒后,观察7 d,用K（a）rber法计算LD50;后者用G3垂熔玻璃漏斗过滤,流通蒸气灭菌20 min,供抗菌试验用,采用试管二倍稀释法,测定提取液体外对6种病原菌的抗菌活性.结果：皮肤刺激平均分值小于0.5,为无刺激物;致敏率为0,属于弱致敏物;对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、无乳链球菌、停乳链球菌、牛棒状杆菌、革兰氏阴性小杆菌的MIC分别为31.3、62.5、62.5、62.5、125、125 g/l,MBC分别为62.5、125、62.5、62.5、125、125g/l;小鼠口服LD50为l0 140 g/kg,LD50 95%可信限为8 610～11 940 g/kg,属于实际无毒物质.结论：该方剂提取液具有较强的体外抗菌活性,可作为替代抗生素防治奶牛乳房炎的主药,研制开发的透皮软膏剂用于乳房炎局部治疗安全无毒. 相似文献
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为红茂草药物的进一步开发和利用,本试验以甘肃平凉地区野生药用植物红茂草为研究对象,采用水蒸气提取、蒸馏萃取（SDE）提取、超临界CO2萃取等3种方法,分别提取红茂草中的精油成分;以GC-MS对其精油进行化学成分分析,并将超临界CO2萃取的红茂草精油采用平板菌落计数法对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌进行抑菌活性测定。结果显示,三种提取方法中,水蒸气提取法和蒸馏萃取提取法所得精油为橙黄色,有浑浊,超临界CO2萃取法所得精油为淡黄色,澄清液体。3种方法所得精油均含有24种共同成分,以超临界CO2萃取法最优,其提取率为2.1220%,水蒸气提取法最低,提取率为1.7870%;将超临界CO2萃取的红茂草精油作用于3种供试菌,测定其最小抑菌浓度（MIC）分别为：金黄色葡萄球菌0.2500 g/mL、大肠杆菌0.3000 g/mL,绿脓杆菌0.2600 g/mL,抑菌效果显著。研究结果表明,超临界CO2萃取是提取红茂草精油的最佳方法,通过超临界CO2萃取法提取的红茂草精油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌具有良好的抑菌效果。 相似文献
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Fifteen, one year old swamp buffalo males with average liveweight of 200.5 ± 9.5 kg were randomly assigned according to a completely randomized design to receive three dietary treatments of supplemental vegetable oils in concentrate contained 140, 750, and 16 g of crude protein, total digestible nutrient, and ether extract, respectively (T1 = unsupplemented, T2 = supplemental coconut oil and sunflower oil in ratio 50:50 at 6% of concentrate, and T3 = supplemental sunflower oil at 6% of concentrate) during a 5-month feeding trial. Urea-treated rice straw was offered ad libitum and concentrate was supplemented at 150 g/kg BW. The results revealed that supplementation of vegetable oils decreased dry matter intake in sunflower oil supplemented group. Combination of coconut oil and sunflower oil supplementation resulted in similar average daily gain as those found in control and in sunflower oil supplemented groups. Rumen microorganism population, ammonia–nitrogen, blood urea–nitrogen and total volatile fatty acid concentrations were decreased as vegetable oils were supplemented. Oil supplementation slightly reduced growth rate, hot carcass percentage, loin eye area particularly on sunflower oil supplemented group. Based on these findings, vegetable oil resulted in decreased performance of swamp buffaloes although the combination of coconut oil and sunflower oil could reduce negative effect of unsaturated oil supplementation. However, further analyses of conjugated fatty acids (CLA) in meat could offer useful information in determining pronounced effects of vegetable oil supplementation. 相似文献
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为探讨牛皮消多糖（CAP）对体外抗新城疫病毒（NDV）能力的影响，本试验用水提醇沉法提取牛皮消多糖，通过苯酚硫酸法和红外光谱对牛皮消多糖进行检测，采用MTT法测定牛皮消多糖对鸡胚成纤维细胞（CEF）的安全浓度，多糖的安全浓度统一为625 μg/mL，选择安全浓度范围内的（39.06~625 μg/mL）5种浓度的各级多糖，用3种加药方式（先加多糖后接种病毒、先接种病毒后加多糖、多糖和病毒感作后加药）检测牛皮消多糖对NDV的阻断、抑制及直接杀灭作用。结果显示，先接病毒后加多糖组和多糖与病毒感作后加药组CAP50、CAP30、CAPt、CAP80和CAP70均能显著抑制NDV感染CEF的能力，两组各级多糖抑制率分别为131.23%、110.12%、108.15%、100.24%、93.07%和61.76%、43.73%、44.51%、29.02%、37.45%；先加多糖后接病毒组CAP50、CAP30能显著抑制NDV感染CEF的作用（P<0.05），阻断作用下对NDV的抑制率可达到15.82%、8.33%，其余各组在安全浓度范围内对NDV无抑制作用。各组中药牛皮消多糖均有较好的抗NDV活性，其中对NDV的抑制作用和直接杀灭作用强于对其阻断作用。CAP50及CAP30的抗NDV活性较强，可作为进一步研究材料并具备一定的研究价值。 相似文献
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Effect of dietary flax oil and hypobaric hypoxia on pulmonary hypertension and haematological variables in broiler chickens. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1. Three experiments were conducted with broiler chickens using hypobaric chambers and control pens, feeding diets containing 25 or 50 g flax oil/kg food or control diets with equivalent amounts of animal/vegetable (A/V) blend oil for 4 weeks. The effect of these diets on haematological variables and the extent of right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) leading to ascites was determined. 2. Overall growth rate was not consistently affected by dietary treatment, although feeding the 25 g flax oil/kg diet reduced weight gain in week 4 of one experiment. Feeding the 50 g flax oil/kg diet but not the 25 g flax oil/kg diet reduced RVH in birds exposed to hypobaric conditions compared to feeding control diets. 3. Feeding the 50 g flax oil/kg diet under hypobaric conditions reduced the haematocrit and haemoglobin content, increased the erythrocyte deformability and the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the erythrocyte membranes, and reduced the whole blood viscosity compared to feeding control diets. These effects were not seen when the 25 g flax oil/kg diet was fed. The ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes was increased in the 50 g flax oil/kg treatment group compared to controls. 4. Including 50 g flax oil/kg broiler diet reduces RVH in broiler chickens. This may be attributable in part to an increase in erythrocyte deformability from an increased proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the erythrocyte membranes. 相似文献