共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 614 毫秒
1.
利用采自莱芜市某发病鸡场的病料,研究其致病原因并进行药敏试验。通过运用细菌分离培养鉴定、生化试验来鉴别分离自发病鸡群的致病菌。对采自发病鸡群的细菌进行药物敏感性试验。结果显示,分离自发病鸡群的细菌有2种,分别为大肠杆菌与沙门氏菌。大肠杆菌对头孢曲松与头孢噻肟中度敏感;沙门氏菌对头孢曲松、丁胺卡那中度敏感;对头孢噻肟、庆大霉素、安普霉素、强力霉素敏感。 相似文献
2.
3.
药敏试验治疗鸡大肠杆菌病是非谈 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来，鸡大肠杆菌病在国内大多数养殖场广泛流行，发病率和死亡率居高不下，给养鸡业造成了巨大的经济损失。鸡群发病通常用药物进行防治，药敏试验选择敏感药物进行治疗可取得满意的效果。但笔者在大量药敏试验中发现，通过药敏试验筛选有效治疗药物对指导临床合理用药存在着诸多问题，所以养殖户不可盲目依赖药敏试验。 相似文献
4.
为评价不同抗菌药对鸡大肠杆菌染的疗效，进行了现场实验，所用的抗菌药物有：羟氨苄青霉素，恩诺弗扎林、呋喃它酮、氟甲喹和新霉素，采用两个大肠杆菌的分离株进行两个试验，第一个试验采用对阿莫克西林和新霉素敏感型的Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ健康分离株，第二个试验采用对弗扎林，呋喃它酮和氟喹敏感的血清Ｏ７８Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ分离株，以在鸡接种时或接种后２４小时应用１０％恩诺弗扎林的抗感染效力最佳。 相似文献
5.
乳酸环丙沙星与其它抗菌药联用体外抗菌效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用乳酸环丙沙星和其它4种抗菌药对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌进行了体外药物敏感性试验研究。先用试管2倍稀释法分别测定乳酸环丙沙星与硫酸庆大霉素、酒石酸泰乐菌素、头孢噻肟钠、四环素对大肠杆菌和金色葡萄球菌的MIC值,然后用肉汤稀释棋盘法分别进行乳酸环丙沙星与这4种抗菌药的联合抗菌试验。结果表明,大肠杆菌对乳酸环丙沙星敏感,对四环素耐药,对庆大霉素、泰乐菌素、头孢噻肟钠中度敏感;金黄色葡萄菌对乳酸环丙沙星和庆大霉素敏感,对四环素耐药,对泰乐菌和头孢噻肟钠中度敏感。在联合用药上,乳酸环丙沙星与泰乐菌素联用对金黄色葡萄球菌呈现累加作用,对大肠杆菌为无关作用,而环丙沙星与庆大霉素、头孢噻肟钠联用对两种菌均为无关作用。 相似文献
6.
《新疆畜牧业》2017,(3)
2016年4月,新疆玛纳斯县某养殖小区产蛋母鸡发生以肝脏极度肿大和表面密集点状出血为主要病理变化的疾病,发病率死亡率接近5%。为了查清该病的发病原因,采集病变肝脏组织做了病理组织学诊断、微生物学诊断和药敏试验。结果肝脏病理组织切片显示有炎性细胞浸润,未发现肿瘤样病理变化;肝组织触片镜检发现G-杆状菌及弯曲状菌,其中一株菌被诊断为大肠杆菌,另外一株菌疑似弯曲杆菌;药敏试验表明在所检测的24种药物中,所分离的大肠杆菌对阿米卡星及头孢曲松敏感;用敏感药物治疗后,鸡群的病情逐渐被控制,死亡逐渐停止。说明此病例中蛋鸡肝脏肿大及表面点状出血的病理变化是非肿瘤性的,是由大肠杆菌和疑似弯曲杆菌引起的,而且可以选择敏感药物进行治疗。 相似文献
7.
为对发病雏鸡群进行确诊,通过流行病学调查、病雏剖检观察及细菌分离鉴定,并对分离菌进行小白鼠接种观察,证实鸡群发生了由鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和鸡伤寒沙门氏菌混合感染引起的禽副伤寒和禽伤寒,其中鼠伤寒沙门氏菌是主要病原,感染率高于鸡伤寒沙门氏菌。药物敏感试验结果表明,分离菌对多种常见抗生素表现敏感。 相似文献
8.
从陕西省关中17个县鸡场分离出532株大肠杆菌,对其中136株进行血清分型,共分出11个血清型,主要血清型是:O_2、O_(78)、O_(26)、O_(22)、O_(53)、O_1。药敏试验利高霉素、丁胺卡那霉素等10种药物对大肠杆菌敏感。选大肠杆菌分型代表菌株和重点菌株制备多价苗,用于易感鸡群,效果理想。 相似文献
9.
为有效防控某鸡场70日龄肉鸡出现发病死亡的情况,对发病鸡群进行临床诊断、细菌分离及PCR鉴定以确定病原体;对分离菌进行药物敏感性检测以确定病鸡药物治疗方案。结果表明:鸡群存在大肠杆菌感染;分离菌对人用庆大霉素、新霉素、多粘菌素B、阿米卡星、头孢曲松比较敏感,对人用阿莫西林不敏感,对鸡场提供的兽药庆大霉素不敏感,对兽用阿莫西林克拉维酸钾、头孢噻呋钠、硫酸新霉素、硫酸阿米卡星敏感;通过使用敏感兽用抗菌药物并提高鸡舍温度、更换新的垫料成功控制了发病情况。说明兽医在进行细菌药物敏感性评价时,用人用药敏纸片和商品化的兽药得出的结果可能存在明显差异,同时也说明了使用药物的同时结合改善环境对于成功防控鸡群大肠杆菌感染具有重要的作用。 相似文献
10.
山东省鸡大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的发病趋势和耐药性变化分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对近十年来山东省内的大肠杆菌病和沙门氏菌病进行了调查,并对典型的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌做了生化鉴定、血清型检测和药物敏感试验。调查表明大肠杆菌病和沙门氏菌病是一直存在的,并呈上升趋势。大肠杆菌病的发病率高于沙门氏菌病。而且,大肠杆菌病常与其他疫病混合感染。大肠杆菌除了常见的血清型O2、O35、O78和O88外,还分离到了禽类中少见的致病性大肠杆菌血清型O138和O147血清型,分离的大肠杆菌中发酵蔗糖的菌株占70%,不发酵蔗糖的菌株占30%;沙门氏菌中70%为副伤寒沙门氏菌,也有鸡白痢沙门氏菌的存在。这一结果对细菌性疫病的防治带来了新的思考。药敏试验结果表明大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌都对传统的防治细菌性药物产生了多重耐药性,但是两种菌的药物敏感性不同;大肠杆菌所分离菌株的共敏感药物仅占18.18%,沙门氏菌所分离菌株的共敏感药物仅占14.29%;同一种菌不同血清型、不同菌株的药物敏感性也存在差异;这说明细菌耐药性的产生和发展与抗生素长期反复使用和盲目使用有密切的关系。本文为更有效地防控细菌性疫病提供科学依据。 相似文献
11.
12.
氧氟沙星对霉形体与大肠杆菌合并感染鸡的药效学研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以试管两倍稀释法测得氧氟沙星及其对照药物恩诺沙星、洛美沙星和强力霉素对鸡败血霉形体的最小抑菌浓度分别为０．００６２５、０．０２５、０．４和０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ。５０、１００、２００ｍｇ／Ｌ氧氟沙星、５０ｍｇ／Ｌ恩诺沙星、５０ｍｇ／Ｌ洛美沙星和１００ｍｇ／Ｌ强力霉素连续５ｄ饮水给药,对人工合并感染败血霉形体和大肠杆菌病鸡的治愈率分别是９３．３％、９６．７％、９６．７％、１００％、９６．７％和８３．３％,感 相似文献
13.
以人工诱发鸡败血霉形体和大肠杆菌混合感染模型,评价氟罗沙星的疗效。按每升水加入２５ｍｇ、５０ｍｇ及１００ｍｇ氟罗沙星及５０ｍｇ环丙沙星的用量给病鸡饮水给药,连续５天,对混合感染鸡的治愈率分别是８６．７％、９０．０％、９０．０％及８３．３％,而感染对照组的死亡率为６３．３％;用药组的相对增重率分别为１０１．３％、１０５．７％、１０７．２％及１０２．４％,均显著高于感染对照组（５８５．５％,Ｐ〈０．０１） 相似文献
14.
以人工诱发鸡毒支原体和大肠杆菌混合感染为模型,以酒石酸泰乐菌素为对照药物,评价了延胡索酸泰妙菌素的疗效.按每1 L水中分别加入312.5、468、625 mg延胡索酸泰妙菌素及500 mg酒石酸泰乐菌素的用量给病鸡饮水给药,连用5 d.试验表明,用药组的成活率、日增重、料肉比、气囊损伤度与感染对照组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01);延胡索酸泰妙菌素大剂量组日增重与小剂量组比较差异显著(P＜0.05),与其他各用药组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01),料肉比与其他各用药组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01);酒石酸泰乐菌素组的料肉比与延胡索酸泰妙菌素小剂量组比较差异不显著(P＞0.05);而与其他各组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01).数据分析表明,延胡索酸泰妙菌素大剂量组能有效地降低气囊损伤度,提高饲料转化率. 相似文献
15.
To determine the most appropriate dose in drinking water of the disinfectant N-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (TIMSEN), a fowl typhoid challenge trial was carried out using 21-day-old Salmonella-free chickens. In a pretrial, performed with six groups of 10 chickens each, it was shown that the disinfectant was atoxic and safe when administered during 15 days at doses of 0 ppm, 200 ppm, 400 ppm, 800 ppm, 1600 ppm, or 3200 ppm. Thereafter, a challenge trial was performed with 390 chickens divided into six groups of 65 birds each. Chickens were treated during 9 days with oral doses of 0 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 250 ppm, and 500 ppm (groups identified as A, B, C, D, E, and F, respectively). Twenty-four hours after the beginning of the treatment, 30 chickens of each group were orally inoculated with 10(9) colony-forming units of Salmonella Gallinarum strain INTA 91 per bird. The remaining 35 unchallenged chickens from each group were left in the same cage in close contact with the other challenged birds of their group. All surviving chickens were sacrificed 8 days after challenge. Livers from all birds were examined for the presence of Salmonella Gallinarum. Salmonella Gallinarum was isolated from all challenged chickens and from some unchallenged chickens of groups A (4/35), E (3/35), and F (6/35), but not from any unchallenged chicken from groups B, C, and D. Doses of 50 ppm (group C) significantly reduced mortality (30%) in comparison with the untreated control group A (65%). Mortality in group B (45%) was not significantly different from group C. Administration of higher doses of the disinfectant resulted in significantly higher mortality rates, 70% in group E and 85% in groups D and F. Increased infection and mortality rates of groups D, E, and F might have been caused by inhibition of the protective action of the normal gut flora. To reduce horizontal infection and mortality, the manufacturer's prescribed oral dose of 25 ppm may be increased up to 50 ppm. Nevertheless, higher doses should be avoided because they may cause horizontal increased spread of the disease and mortality. 相似文献
16.
柔嫩艾美耳球虫扬州分离株对8种抗球虫药的抗药性 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
将柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)扬州分离株感染14日龄苏禽黄羽肉鸡,设立8个用药组、1个感染不用药对照组和1个不感染不用药对照组,以相对卵囊产量、病变记分减少率、最适抗球虫百分数和抗球虫指数为指标对该虫株对盐霉素、马杜拉霉素、球痢灵、氯羟吡啶、氨丙啉、尼卡巴嗪、甲基三嗪酮、地克珠利等8种常用抗球虫药的抗药性进行了综合评定,分析了该地区球虫的抗药性及对策。结果表明,该虫株对甲基三嗪酮敏感,对氨丙啉具有中度抗药性,对盐霉素、马杜拉霉素、球痢灵、氯羟吡啶、尼卡巴嗪、地克珠利等其他6种药物具有完全抗药性。提示目前在扬州地区甲基三嗪酮抗球虫疗效最好,氨丙琳效果稍差,应合理使用,盐霉素等其他6种药物应慎用、减少或暂停使用。 相似文献
17.
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ochratoxin A (OA) on Escherichia coli-challenged broiler chickens. Day-old broiler chicks were separated into two groups of 92 chicks each, with one group fed a control mash diet, and the other fed a mash diet containing 2 ppm OA. On day 14, each group was further separated into two groups, with one group inoculated with E. coli O78 (1 x 10(7) colony-forming units/0.5 ml), whereas the other group was not inoculated with E. coli. After E. coli inoculation on day 14, four birds from each group were euthanatized at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days postinoculation. Escherichia coli infection caused dullness, depression, huddling, and diarrhea. Mortality was 14.3% in chicks infected with E. coli but fed no OA. Mortality increased to 35.7% in chicks fed OA and infected with E. coli. Decreased body weight and reduced feed intake were observed in chicks fed OA, and the effects were more pronounced in chicks fed OA and infected with E. coli. Increased serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, and creatinine and decreased levels of total proteins, albumin, globulins, calcium, and phosphorus were observed in OA-fed birds. Escherichia coli infection did not cause significant alteration in any of the serum biochemical parameters. The presence of OA in poultry rations increased mortality and the severity of an E. coli infection. 相似文献
18.
柔嫩艾美球虫常州株对5种抗球虫药的抗药性分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
将柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)常州分离株感染14日龄苏禽黄羽肉鸡,设立5个用药组、1个感染不用药对照组和1个不感染不用药对照组,以相对卵囊产量、病变记分减少率、最适抗球虫百分数和抗球虫指数为指标对该虫株对球虫宁、地克珠利、马杜霉素、磺胺氯吡嗪、癸氧喹酯5种常用抗球虫药的抗药性进行了综合评定,分析了该地区球虫的抗药性及用药对策。结果表明,该虫株对癸氧喹酯敏感,对球虫宁、地克珠利、马杜霉素、磺胺氯吡嗪具有完全抗药性,提示目前常州地区球虫抗药性非常严重,癸氧喹酯抗球虫疗效最好,其他药物应合理使用、应慎用、减少或暂停使用。 相似文献
19.
Vissiennon T Kröger H Köhler T Kliche R 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2000,113(1):9-13
In order to study the prophylactic and metaphylactic effect of antomicrobial growth promoters and ionophorous anticoccidials on the incidence of Cl. perfringens enterotoxaemia in chickens, experimental attempts were performed with 675 chickens in 27 trials. The birds were intraduodenally infected with Cl. perfringens type A (ATCC 3624). The following antimicrobial growth promoters and ionophore anticoccidials were used either on their own or in combination: avilamycin, narasin, monensin and tylosin. While infected and non-medicated trials showed an average incubation period of 1 week, clinical symptoms occurred 2-4 days later in infected and medicated birds. Avilamycin medicated birds had the longest incubation period. In the infected and non-medicated trials, a mortality rate of 16%-36% was noted within 3 weeks post infection. The avilamycin trials showed a mortality rate of 0-8% (0-2 birds died) and the narasin and monensin a mortality rate of 0-8%, respectively. In the combination groups (monensin + avilamycin or narasin + avilamycin), the mortality rate ranged from 0 to 4%. Tylosin showed a very good metaphylactic/therapeutic effect against Cl. perfringens enterotoxaemia. Following infection, medicated birds showed a significantly better bodyweight gain than the chickens, whose feeds had not been supplemented. From epidemiological point of view, the systematic prevention of coccidiosis is a key in the control of Cl. perfringens enterotoxaemia in chickens. 相似文献
20.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticoccidial efficacy of a product containing coumestans from Eclipta alba. Experimental conditions were set up as to reproduce the environment conditions for husbandry adopted in commercial broiler farms. Broilers were raised in broiler chicken shed provided with feeders, drinkers, illumination and temperature control systems and floor covering to afford an adequate nourishing environment. Male Cobb broilers (240) were assigned to four experimental groups being each experimental group set apart in rice straw-covered shed isolated with wire mesh. One-day-old broilers were reared in a coccidian-free environment with ad libitum supply of filtered water and freely available standard feed, from the 1st to the 35th day of life. The T1 group received standard feed (negative control); T2 was treated with standard feed supplemented with 66 ppm of salinomycin (positive control); groups T3 and T4 had standard feed supplemented with the ethyl acetate fraction from methanolic extract of E. alba aerial parts, which contains the coumestans WL and DWL (120 and 180 ppm, respectively). The chicken broilers were individually infected with 2 × 104 oocysts of Eimeria tenella when they were 14 days old and were monitored weekly to evaluate zootechnical parameters such as weight gain and food conversion ratio. Counting of coccidial oocyst in chicken feces was assessed from random samples, from the 21st to 28th days of life, which corresponded to 7-14 days after the infection. Five chickens selected at random from each experimental group were subsequently euthanized at 21, 28 or 35 days of life to determine the lesion score in the cecal region and to excise a cecum portion for histopathological evaluation. The group treated with coumestans from E. alba presented an average weight gain and food conversion ratio higher than the negative control group and similar to the mean value of the positive control group. Coumestan-treated groups showed a significant decrease in the oocyst counting since the 21 th day of life and displayed a reduced number of macroscopic lesions. Histopathological evaluations of cecum fragments showed that both treatments induced the migration of defense cells at the site of infection. A severe destruction of the cecal lining was found in the intestinal tract of broilers fed with a coumestans dose of 180 ppm. Overall, our results validate the use of a phytotherapy containing E. alba coumestans at a dose of 120 ppm as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent against avian coccidiosis. 相似文献