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1.
The present study was undertaken to estimate the occurrence and distribution of multidrug resistance (MDR) among Salmonella serovars isolated from slaughtered pigs at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. A total of 501 different samples were examined of which 42 (41.6%) of 101 mesenteric lymph nodes, 22 (21.8%) of 101 tongues, 17 (16.8%) of 101 caecal contents, 11 (11.1%) of 99 livers and two (2%) of 99 muscle (diaphragm and abdomen) samples were Salmonella positive. Of the 94 Salmonella isolates representing 15 different serovars, 69 (73.4%) were multidrug resistant (resistance to two or more antimicrobials). Among the Salmonella serovars a high level of MDR was observed in S. Hadar, S. Kentucky, S. Blockley and S. Enteritidis mainly to tetracycline (88.6%), streptomycin (82.9%), nitrofurantoin (74.3%), nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin (42.9% each), sulfisoxazole (21.1%) and spectinomycin (20%). The pattern of MDR varied from two to eight antimicrobials among the resistant Salmonella serovars. The common profiles of resistance among the MDR serovars were the combined resistance to nitrofurantoin, streptomycin and tetracycline (R type NitStrTet, 51.4%), ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid and nitrofurantoin (R type CipNalNit, 10%), ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, spectinomycin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole and tetracycline (R type CipNalSptStrSulTet, 14.3%) and to ciprofloxacin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, neomycin, nitrofurantoin, streptomycin and tetracycline (R type CipKanNalNeoNitStrTet, 10%). Results of the present study indicate the widespread occurrence and distribution of MDR Salmonella serovars in slaughtered pigs which could be a potential source of human MDR Salmonella infections.  相似文献   

2.
A total of 39 Salmonella cultures isolated from raw minced beef and chicken (gizzard, liver, and heart) samples in Addis Ababa were examined for susceptibility to a group of 10 selected antimicrobials. 34 isolates (87.2%) were resistant to one or more antibiotics. The antibiotics to which isolated Salmonella strains were most often fully resistant included nitrofurantoin (48.7%), furazolidone (48.7%) and streptomycin (46.2%). Only 4 antimicrobials (gentamycin, kanamycin, rifampicin and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim) were effective against all Salmonella isolates with the exception of 2 which were intermediate in resistance to kanamycin (1) and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (1). 77.8% of the S. Enteritidis strains showed multiple resistance to up to four antibiotics followed by S. Typhimurium (60.0%) and S. Dublin (33.3%). The high level of antibiotic resistance of foodborne Salmonella isolates in the study area is an indication of indiscriminate and continuous use of subtherapeutic doses of antibiotics in animals.  相似文献   

3.
A cohort of 57 pigs in a farrow-to-finish swine herd with mild clinical mycoplasmal disease was followed to determine patterns of seroconversion to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MH), detected with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Survival analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between time to seroconversion and possible risk factors for MH infection (or enzootic pneumonia).

Pigs were housed in outdoor pens at approximately 9 weeks of age, when passively acquired MH antibodies had decayed. From 9 to 11 weeks of age and during a 5 week period, pigs were exposed by direct (nose-to-nose) or indirect contact to older seropositive gilts. Blood samples were collected from each pig at 3 week intervals until market age, when they were either slaughtered or selected for breeding. Antibody concentration was measured as the ratio of optical densities of the serum sample to the positive control (S/P). Based on the sample distribution of S/P ratios from pigs in an MH-free herd, pigs were considered positive when S/P ratios were greater than 0.34. At the beginning of the study, all pigs were seronegative to MH. Seroconversion was first detected after 21 days, and was most frequent about 11 weeks after exposure to older seropositive gilts. By the end of the study, 11 pigs (19%) had seroconverted, with S/P ratios ranging from 0.40 to 1.11. The presence of gross lung lesions showed a moderate to good agreement with ELISA results (K = 0.62). Histologic lesions were evident in virtually all slaughtered pigs, ranging from mild, non MH-specific lesions to severe lesions typical of MH infection. No secondary respiratory pathogens were isolated. Clinical signs were mild and there was no significant difference (P > 0.4) in weight gain between seropositive and seronegative pigs, or between pigs with and without lung lesions. A Cox regression model was fitted to the seroconversion data, and opportunity of contact (direct or indirect) was the only significant variable. After adjustment for breed and antibody S/P ratio prior to exposure, pigs in direct contact with seropositive gilts were seven times more likely to seroconvert than those in only indirect contact.  相似文献   


4.
From 1996 to 2001 a total of 467 Staphylococcus hyicus isolates from exudative epidermitis (EE) in pigs in Denmark were examined for susceptibility to 13 different antimicrobial agents. The presence of selected genes encoding macrolide (erm(A), erm(B) and erm(C)), penicillin (blaZ), streptogramin (vat, vga, vga(B), vat(B), vat(D) and vat(E)), streptomycin (aadE) and tetracycline resistance (tet(K), tet(L), tet(M) and tet(O)) were determined in selected isolates.The occurrence of erythromycin resistance increased from 33% in 1996 to a maximum of 62% in 1997 and decreased to 26% in 2001. Resistance to sulphametazole increased from 17% in 1996 to 30% in 1998 but has since decreased to 4% in 2001. Resistance to trimethoprim increased to 51% in 1997 and decreased to 21% in 2001. Resistance to tetracycline (21-31%) remained relatively constant during 1996-2000, but increased to 47% in 2001. Resistance to penicillin (54-75%) streptomycin (33-53%) and tetracycline (21-47%) remained relatively constant over the time investigated.All 48 penicillin resistant isolates examined contained the blaZ gene and 40 (85%) of the streptomycin resistant isolates the aadE gene. It was not possible to detect any streptogramin resistance gene in four streptogramin resistant isolates. Of the 55 erythromycin resistant isolates examined, five contained erm(A), 13 erm(B), 35 erm(C) and two both erm(A) and erm(C). The presence of erm(B) was confirmed by hybridization to plasmid profiles in all 13 PCR-positive isolates. Of 52 tetracycline resistant isolates examined, two contained tet(L), 38 tet(K) and 12 both tet(K) and tet(L).  相似文献   

5.
As a part of a nationwide programme to survey and control salmonella in pig herds, a microbiological survey of 1363 pig herds was performed in Denmark. A total of 13 468 slaughter pigs were examined at slaughter by culture of 5 g of caecal contents. Overall, 30 different serotypes of Salmonella enterica were isolated from 832 pigs (6.2%). The predominant serotype was S. Typhimurium, comprising 536 (64.4%) of the isolates. Four hundred and forty-eight isolates of S. Typhimurium were examined by phage typing, resulting in detection of 17 different phage types (definitive types, DT) with DT12 being the most frequent (49.1%).

Salmonella enterica was found in 302 herds (22.2%), S. Typhimurium was found in 61.1% of these. 279 (23.1%) large herds (producing more than 2600 slaughter pigs per year) were found to be salmonella positive compared with 23 (14.7 %) small herds (annual production of 500 to 550 slaughter pigs). Practical constraints in the study design did not allow for a firm conclusion on the interplay among herd size, geographical location and occurrence of salmonella.

In 284 of 302 infected herds (94.0%) only one serotype was detected. Infections with two different serovars were seen in 18 herds (6.0%).  相似文献   


6.
Salmonella spp. (n = 468), isolated from the feces of sows, nursery, and grow-finish pigs in 20 farrow-to-finish herds in Alberta and Saskatchewan, were tested for susceptibility to 16 antimicrobials. No resistance was identified to amikacin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin or nalidixic acid, and less than 1% of the isolates were resistant to cefoxitin and gentamicin. Isolates were most commonly resistant to tetracycline (35%) and sulfamethoxazole (27%). Overall, 59% of the Salmonella were susceptible to all 16 drugs (pansusceptible). Isolates from sows were more likely to be pansusceptible than isolates from nursery or grow-finish pigs. Resistance to 2 or more drugs occurred in 29% of the isolates and was significantly more likely to occur in Salmonella from nursery pigs than from sows. The odds of resistance to 4 of the drugs, streptomycin, ampicillin, kanamycin and cephalothin, were significantly higher in isolates from nursery pigs than grow-finish pigs, while the odds of resistance to 2 drugs, tetracycline and streptomycin, were higher in Salmonella from nursery pigs than from sows. More age-specific risk factor studies are needed to investigate these differences between production phases.  相似文献   

7.
This study was the first conducted in Spain to evaluate the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance and multi-resistance in Salmonella isolates recovered from finishing pigs from Spanish swine farms distributed over the whole country. For this purpose, 290 Salmonella isolates recovered from apparently healthy finishing pigs in a farm-based cross-sectional study and 192 Salmonella isolates recovered from faecal samples of finishing pigs suffering from diarrhoea were investigated. Resistance to a panel of 17 antimicrobials was determined using a broth microdilution technique. Resistance was a common finding and was detected in 90.3% of the Salmonella isolates from apparently healthy finishing pigs and 95.3% of the Salmonella isolates from clinically diseased finishing pigs. Resistance was particularly high among isolates of serogroup B and serovars Typhimurium and its monophasic variant S. 4,5,12:i:-. Higher frequencies of resistance were found to tetracycline, sulphamethoxazole, streptomycin, spectinomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. Less than 10% of the isolates were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, neomycin, cephalotin, apramycin and gentamicin. Resistance to ciprofloxacin, colistin and ceftiofur was rare (under 1%). Multi-resistance, defined as resistance to four or more drugs, was detected in more than 50% of the isolates. Although multi-resistance was particularly frequent among isolates of S. Typhimurium, it was also high among other serovars as Bredeney and the S. Typhimurium monophasic variant. 4,5,12:i:-.  相似文献   

8.
Salmonella isolates (n = 209) obtained from food animals and foods in Alberta during 1996 through 1999 were tested for sensitivity to 17 antimicrobials. Of the 3553 antimicrobial susceptibility tests on Salmonella isolates, 11.8% were positive for resistance. These isolates were commonly resistant to tetracycline (35.4%), streptomycin (32.5%), sulfamethoxazole (28.7%), ticarcillin (27.3%), and ampicillin (26.8%). Resistance to at least 1 antimicrobial was observed in 112 isolates (53.6%). Salmonella Typhimurium, S. Typhimurium var. Copenhagen, and S. Heidelberg were the most common serovars among isolates resistant to individual antimicrobials and multiple antimicrobials. The most common profile of multiple-antimicrobial resistance was that which included resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and ticarcillin. The proportions of isolates that were resistant to antimicrobials were greater among bovine isolates of Salmonella than among poultry isolates, and this difference was greater among isolates from veterinary diagnostic sources than among those from monitoring sources.  相似文献   

9.
100 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.a.) from birds and reptiles were compared by determination of their O-serovars and their resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. A great number of isolates (birds 17.4%, reptiles 29.6%) were serologically untypable using 17 O-antisera by slide-agglutination-technique. The prevalence of O-serovar 0:6 was found in birds (39%) and reptiles (18.5%), followed by bird-isolates 0:1 and 0:3 (each 13%) and reptile-isolates 0:16 (14.8%). The serological distribution was different among bird- and reptile-isolates and also among the human and animal strains. All strains were resistant to penicillin G and ampicillin, more than 90% to nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, chloramphenicol and erythromycin. Resistance to tetracycline was found to be 87%, resistance to sulfonamide 81%, respectively. 32% of all isolates were resistant to streptomycin, 61% to kanamycin. All isolates were susceptible to genta- and neomycin. Also all isolates, except one reptile-strain, were susceptible to gyrase-blocker (Bay VP 2674). 2 isolates were resistant to polymyxin B.  相似文献   

10.
In 1997 bacteriological examinations for the distribution of Salmonella in slaughterhouses were carried out in Germany within the framework of an international study "Salmonella in Pork (Salinpork)". During 6 days, 1,200 swab and water samples from slaughtered pigs and the environment were taken. 4.4% of the samples (n = 53) were Salmonella positive. S. typhimurium was isolated mainly (69.8%; n = 37), and 6 phagetypes were differentiated. In addition, S. derby and S. panama could be demonstrated. The resistance pattern of the different isolated S. typhimurium-phagetypes are presented. The phagetype DT 104 was multiresistant to ampicillin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, sulphonamide and tetracycline. In comparison with the serological prevalence of 7.3% of the fattening pigs in the farms (Part 1), only 1.0% of the samples taken from the surface of the carcass were Salmonella-positive. Swabs taken from the liver were in 2.7% positive and samples from the tongue gave in 5.3% of the cases Salmonella-positive results. In the examination of the environment Salmonella was demonstrated mainly from the water outlets, whereas Salmonella could not be isolated from water of the scalding tank. There was only one case (0.7%) in which Salmonella could be isolated from the hands of the personnel, and also only one swab of the polishing machine was positive (1.1%). But 6.7% samples of the saw were Salmonella-positive. A comparison of repeated, at intervals taken samples showed that the number of Salmonella-positive samples was higher in the last examination round of the particular slaughter days. The reason is suspected in the increasing number of slaughtered pigs and supplying farms, which may increase the probability of bringing in Salmonella.  相似文献   

11.
The prevalence of Taenia saginata cysticercosis in cattle slaughtered for meat in Addis Ababa Abattoir, Ethiopia between September 2004 and August 2005 was reported. The examination of various organs of 11227 cattle in Addis Ababa Abattoir showed that 842 (7.5%) were infected with T. saginata cysticercosis. The tongue, masseter muscles, cardiac muscles, triceps muscles and thigh muscles were the main predilection sites of the cysts. The cysts of bovine cysticercosis were also identified on the spleen, intercostal muscles, diaphragm and liver. Out of 10329 male cattle, examined, 783 (7.6%) had cysts of bovine cysticercosis while 59 (6.6%) of the 898 female animals investigated were infected. The animals slaughtered were all adults. No significant difference in prevalence rates was recorded between the sexes. The prevalence of bovine cysticercosis was higher in local zebu cattle breeds than Holstein-Frisian cattle.  相似文献   

12.
本研究旨在了解广东省零售市场鸡肉中肯塔基沙门菌的流行情况、耐药水平与耐药基因携带情况。对2016年从广东省五个地级市采集的鸡肉样品进行沙门菌分离鉴定、血清型鉴定、药敏试验、耐药基因的检测和分子分型。结果显示，245份鸡肉样品中沙门菌阳性率为62.04%（152/245），共鉴定出19种血清型，其中主要血清型有阿贡纳（Salmonella Agona，29/152，19.08%）、科瓦利斯（S.Corvallis，25/152，16.45%）以及肯塔基（S.Kentucky，20/152，13.16%）。肯塔基沙门菌药敏试验结果显示对磺胺异噁唑（100%）、萘啶酸（90%）、四环素（75%）、氨苄西林（65%）、头孢他啶（55%）、环丙沙星（55%）的耐药率较高，有85%（17/20）的菌株对3种及3种以上的抗菌药物耐药。对喹诺酮耐药基因的检测结果显示，95%（19/20）的菌株具有gyrA突变（Ser83Phe、Asp87Asn、Asp87Gly），其中有57.89%（11/19）的菌株发生gyrA双突变（Ser83Phe与Asp87Asr、Ser83Phe与Asp87Gly），5.26%（1/19）发生gyrA三突变（Ser83Phe、Asp87Asn、Asp87Gly）；100%（20/20）的菌株具有parC突变（Tyr62Ser、Ser85Ile）。45%（9/20）分离株携带质粒介导的喹诺酮抗性（PMQR）基因（aac（6'）-Ib-cr、qnrB、qnrS、oqxAB），最常见的是aac（6'）-Ib-cr耐药基因。β-内酰胺类耐药基因blaTEM-1、blaOXA-1和blaCTX-M-55的检出率分别为25%、10%和5%。PFGE图谱的聚类分析结果显示，肯塔基沙门菌之间具有不同的亲缘关系与遗传多样性，部分菌株具有高度同源性。肯塔基沙门菌在广东省零售市场鸡肉中是主要的流行血清型之一。其对传统药物磺胺异噁唑、萘啶酸、四环素和氨苄西林耐药较严重，对环丙沙星以及头孢他啶耐药尤其严重，具有多种多重耐药表型。肯塔基沙门菌其喹诺酮耐药决定区突变率高。分子分型揭示了菌株间跨地区传播的可能，为肯塔基沙门菌溯源提供一定的依据。  相似文献   

13.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 cattle slaughtered at Addis Ababa abattoir to determine the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) and characterize its causative agents. Postmortem examination, mycobacteriological culturing, region of difference-4 (RD4)-based PCR and spoligotyping were applied. The prevalence of BTB was 5 % on the basis of postmortem inspection alone but 1.2 % based on molecular confirmation. Factors including age, sex, and breed showed statistically significant association with BTB (p?<?0.05). Gross lesions were observed most frequently (68 %) in the lungs and lung-associated lymph nodes compared to other organs and lymph nodes. Of the 25 grossly suspicious TB lesions processed and cultured, only six (24 %) were culture-positive, yielding Mycobacterium bovis confirmed by RD4 deletion typing. Further characterization of the six M. bovis isolates at the strain level by using spoligotyping revealed that one did not belong to any previously known type, while the others belonged to types SB1176 (two), SB1477 (two), and SB0133 (one). The new strain was submitted to the international M. Bovis.org database for international code designation. The study confirms the considerable prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered at Addis Ababa abattoir and highlights the need for control of bovine tuberculosis in the country.  相似文献   

14.
The prevalence of Bordetella bronchiseptica in the nasal cavity of pigs and the in-vitro sensitivity of isolates to a variety of antimicrobial agents was investigated. B.Bronchiseptica was recovered from 372 nasal swabs collected from 1000 (37.2%) pigs slaughtered at 20-30 weeks old at an abattoir. The swabs were collected from groups of 5-206 pigs derived from 25 herds. All isolates tested against bacitracin, clindamycin, furazolidone, penicillin, spectinomycin, streptomycin and tylosin were found to be resistant. Of the 372 isolates tested against ampicillin and erythromycin 22 (6%) were sensitive to the former and 365 (98%) were moderately sensitive to the latter, the remainder were resistant. All isolates tested against neomycin and tetracycline were sensitive and with few exceptions, (2%), they were also sensitive to chloramphenicol. Overall, 259 of the 372 (70%) isolates were sensitive to sulphonamides, identical results being obtained with sulphadiazine, sulphafurazole and a trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole combination. An association between in-vitro resistance to sulphanomides and extensive use of this group of drugs was demonstrated on three of eight farms investigated.  相似文献   

15.
A study was undertaken from October 2006 to March 2007 to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella serovars. Liver, mesenteric lymph nodes, intestinal content, and carcass swab samples (each n?=?186) were collected from 186 apparently healthy slaughtered cattle at Bahir Dar abattoir. Bacteriological analysis was done according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 6579 2002). Isolates were serotyped at Agence Française de Securite Sanitaire des Aliments, Cedex, France. Twenty-eight isolates consisting of Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Newport, Salmonella Haifa, Salmonella Heidelberg, Salmonella Infantis, and Salmonella Mishmarhaemek were identified. Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Newport were most frequently isolated while Salmonella Heidelberg and Salmonella Mishmarhaemek were isolated least. Eleven of the 28 (39.3%) were resistant to one or more of the antimicrobials tested. Resistance was shown to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, norfloxacin, polymyxin-B, streptomycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim. Four of 11 (36.4%) were multiple antimicrobial resistant. All the isolates tested were susceptible to the antimicrobial effects of gentamycin, norfloxacin, and trimethoprim. Eleven, four, and two isolates of the 28 were resistant to streptomycin, tetracycline, and ampicillin, respectively. All isolates of Salmonella Infantis, Salmonella Typhimurium (except one), and Salmonella Mishmarhaemek were susceptible to the tested antimicrobials. One Typhimurium isolate was resistant to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and tetracycline. Salmonella Haifa was multiply antimicrobial resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin. All isolates of Salmonella Heidelberg were resistant to streptomycin. Results of this study indicated high level of carcass contamination with antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella serovars which could pose public health risk; suggests need for hygienic slaughtering operations and proper cooking of meat before consumption. Further detailed studies involving different abattoirs, animal products, food items, and animals on different settings were recommended in the study area.  相似文献   

16.
This study describes the isolation and characterization of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from slaughtered pigs sampled from local markets in Hong Kong. The nares of 400 slaughtered pigs were cultured and MRSA isolates characterized for the presence of antibiotic‐resistance determinants, toxins and SCCmec and spa types using PCR. Clonality was investigated using PFGE and MLST. The prevalence of MRSA colonization of slaughter pigs was 39.3%, the majority (92%) harbouring SCCmec type IVb. Of the 157 samples yielding MRSA, 13 had two distinct MRSA strains present. Spa type t899 was predominant, with only 5/170 isolates displaying closely related types (t4474, t1939, t2922 and t5390). PFGE with sma1 and MLST confirmed the strains as ST9. Most isolates were multidrug resistant. Tetracycline resistance (97%) was mainly attributable to tet(K) with only 3% of isolates additionally harbouring tet(M). Resistance to erythromycin (89%) and chloramphenicol (71%) was associated with the presence of erm(C), and fex( A), respectively. No strains carried cfr and there was no resistance to linezolid, although minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) were close to the resistance break point. Resistance to clindamycin (99%), ciprofloxacin(78%), quinopristin–dalfopristin (44%) and cotrimoxazole (32%) was common, but remained low for fusidic acid (4%) and rifampicin (2%). All strains were negative for PVL, exfoliative, and enterotoxins. This survey confirmed the uniformity of MRSA isolates in pigs from several regions of China, in contrast to more diversified characteristics reported in European studies. Colonization rates were higher than previously reported. Isolates were resistant to a wide range of antibiotics, but resistance was not detected to linezolid, nitrofurantoin, vancomycin or tigecycline. Although the clinical importance of ST9 in humans is uncertain, continued surveillance, in particular of those occupationally‐exposed, is recommended.  相似文献   

17.
SUMMARY A survey of antibiotic resistance in 1,287 strains of Salmonella from bovine, porcine and avian sources in Australia was carried out from 1975 to 1982. Isolates were tested against ampicillin, chloramphenicol, furazolidone, neomycin, streptomycin and tetracycline. Resistance was found to streptomycin in 286 isolates and to tetracycline in 282 isolates. Resistance to other antimicrobials was low and was unrelated to source. One hundred and seventy-three isolates showed multiple resistance to 2 or more antimicrobial agents with resistance to streptomycin and tetracycline being the most common. The overall level of resistance did not change over the period examined.  相似文献   

18.
旨在研究不同脱脂米糠水平日粮对苏淮猪胴体性状及肉品质的影响。选取35头初始体重为（62.9±0.8）kg的健康纯种苏淮阉公猪,随机分为5组,每组7个重复,每个重复1头猪,使用奥斯本种猪生产性能测定系统（OTSS）饲喂。对照组（CTRL）饲喂不含脱脂米糠的基础日粮,试验Ⅰ~Ⅳ组分别饲喂7%、14%、21%和28%脱脂米糠的试验日粮,5组日粮的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）水平分别为8.89%、11.80%、12.93%、14.35%和17.94%,各组日粮除纤维水平不同外,其他营养成分基本一致。试验预饲期10 d,所有猪饲喂基础日粮;正式期28 d,分别饲喂基础日粮和试验日粮。试验结束屠宰全部试验猪,测定其胴体性状（胴体重、屠宰率、胴体直长、胴体斜长、眼肌面积、平均背膘厚和皮厚）;采集肉样用于测定肉质性状（滴水损失、剪切力、熟肉率、肌内脂肪含量、pH和肉色）;采集背最长肌样品用于猪滴水损失主效基因磷酸化酶激酶γ1（phosphorylase kinase gamma1,PHKG1）表达分析。结果表明：1）日粮脱脂米糠水平对苏淮猪的胴体重、屠宰率、胴体直长、胴体斜长、眼肌面积、平均背膘厚和皮厚等胴体指标没有显著影响。2）随脱脂米糠水平的提高,苏淮猪背最长肌的滴水损失呈先降低后上升的二次曲线变化（P<0.05）,猪肉的剪切力线性降低（P<0.05）;熟肉率、pH24 h随脱脂米糠水平的增加呈线性增加的趋势（P=0.061,P=0.068）;日粮脱脂米糠水平的增加有降低L24 h*的趋势（线性,P=0.085）,脱脂米糠水平对其它肉质指标均无显著影响。3）PHKG1基因的相对表达量随脱脂米糠水平的增加趋于二次方升高（P=0.085）。综上所述,日粮脱脂米糠水平对苏淮育肥猪的胴体性状无显著影响,但在日粮中适度添加脱脂米糠可降低苏淮猪猪肉的滴水损失及剪切力,改善苏淮猪猪肉品质,但其背后的机制还有待进一步深入研究。  相似文献   

19.
Pseudomonas mallei was isolated from pus samples obtained from 34 mallein-positive horses. The isolates were subjected to in vitro sensitivity test using 16 different antimicrobial discs. All isolates (34) were sensitive to sulfamethizole, gentamycin, tetracycline, sulfathiazole, kanamycin, tobramycin, streptomycin and a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole while none of them were sensitive to cephalothin, colistin, ampicillin, penicillin and nitrofurantoin. Rifapicin, chloramphenicol and carbenicillin were effective against 32, 26 and 18 isolates respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of gentamycin, tetracycline, tobramycin, sulfamethizole, streptomycin, rifampicin and a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole were 0.28, 0.38, 0.67, 1.40, 3.40, 5.86 and 5.30 micrograms/ml, respectively.  相似文献   

20.
Isolation of Streptococcus suis from diseased pigs in Canada   总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22  
A total of 260 isolates of streptococci collected over a 9-year period from diseased pigs submitted for necropsy were studied. Seventy-seven percent of isolates were identified as S. suis and 32% of S. suis isolates were retrieved in pure culture. S. suis was found more frequently in lungs and was often isolated in conjunction with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Escherichia coli and other microorganisms. A total of 151 (76%) of S. suis isolates could be serotyped within the 9 recognized serotypes. Serotype 2 was the most prevalent with 33%, followed by serotypes 3, 5 and 7. All isolates were sensitive to ampicillin, penicillin, cephradine, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Resistance to streptomycin, neomycin and tetracycline appeared to be very high.  相似文献   

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