共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
《African Journal of Range and Forage Science》2013,30(3-4):325-334
Understanding how climate change and land transformation may impact the distribution and diversity of wildlife species requires landscape-level foundational biodiversity surveys. The Karoo BioGaps Project aims to provide such data and to support the scientific assessment for shale gas development projects in the Karoo basin. In this paper we present the findings of the BioGaps mammal survey, which recorded medium and large mammals across twenty-five 1 km × 1 km sampling sites within the proposed fracking footprint using camera trapping techniques. We use sample rarefaction curves, non-parametric species richness estimators and non-metric multidimensional scaling plots to explore both species richness and community structure. We also used a generalised linear model to investigate how species diversity varies with both site-specific and landscape-level predictors. A total of 38 species were recorded at the majority of sites. Longitude (z = 4.018, p = 0.0005) emerged as the best predictor of species diversity across the study area, which we suggest is linked to the clear east–west aridity gradient. Together these results reveal the cosmopolitan distribution of the mammal taxa in the Karoo and could be used to inform decision-making linked to mining activities in the area. 相似文献
2.
William Bruce Campbell Jesús Jarillo-Rodríguez Silvia López-Ortiz Epigmenio Castillo-Gallegos 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2013,66(3):348-355
Stocking rate manipulation was examined as a means of improving plant diversity (as a measure of pasture sustainability and forage value) in a native grass pasture used for dairy production in the humid tropics of Veracruz, Mexico. Given that environmental impact reduces biotic diversity, plant phylogenetic and functional diversity should decline with increased stocking rate. Stocking rates of 2, 3, and 4 cows · ha?1 and a rotational grazing plan of 3 d of occupation and 27 d of rest per pasture were applied continuously over 5 yr. Across 200 quadrats in each of two replicate paddocks per treatment, observed species richness, phylogenetic diversity (average taxonomic distinctness based on species presence/absence), and functional diversity (life-cycle duration and growth habit) were assessed. Most species were forb/herbs and forb/herb-subshrubs. Perennial species declined with increased stocking rate (F = 16.36, 0.05 > P > 0.02) while annual-perennial species increased (F = 76.88, 0.01 > P > 0.005); the proportion of annual species was least prominent and did not differ significantly. Observed species richness and phylogenetic diversity did not differ significantly with stocking rate. The correlation between functional diversity for life-cycle duration and phylogenetic diversity was significant and positive, suggesting that plant communities were predominantly assembled randomly from the surrounding species pool rather than through interspecies interactions acting to naturally filter immigrant species, thus leading to more opportunistic and undesired species. Although grazing pressure was not sufficient to alter indices or production measures, they did reveal shifts that may precede further pasture decline, indicating pasture sustainability was not being achieved. These rapid assessment methods permit monitoring for early warnings of reductions in pasture sustainability and forage quality for cattle. 相似文献
3.
The mountains of northern Mozambique have remained poorly studied biologically until recent years with surveys covering a variety of taxonomic groups highlighting their biological and conservation value. Even so, the medium and large mammal fauna remains poorly known and to date no systematic mammal surveys have been published from any of Mozambique’s mountains. We present results of a medium and large mammal survey of Serra Jeci’s Mt Chitagal, Mt Sanga and the Njesi Plateau in Niassa, northern Mozambique; the first mammal diversity data collected from these isolated mountains. We recorded 27 mammal species, of which six represent range expansions; Sykes’s monkey (Cercophitecus mitis), Mozambique dwarf galago (Paragalago granti), Smith’s red rock hare (Pronolagus rupestris), lesser cane rat (Thryonomys gregorianus), rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) and African buffalo (Syncerus caffer). We also reviewed and collated records of medium and large mammals from previously published fieldwork on northern Mozambique’s mountains, amounting to a total of 34 large mammal species from seven montane areas, highlighting the lack of mammalian knowledge in Mozambique’s Afromontane habitats. 相似文献
4.
河北省森林草原区草本植物物种多样性和功能多样性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
理解物种多样性和功能多样性之间的关系以及分析它们对环境变化的响应,有利于揭示生物多样性的影响因素。本研究以塞罕坝地区不同植被类型(草地、灌木林和天然次生林)的草本群落为研究对象,分析了物种多样性(物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性和Pielou均匀度)和功能多样性测度指标(功能丰富度、功能均匀度和功能离散度)之间的相互关系,并采用相似性分析检验(ANOSIM)和冗余度(RDA)分析等方法研究了它们随植被类型和环境因子的变化规律。结果表明,草地中草本植物物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数显著高于灌木林和天然次生林中的草本群落(P<0.05),而功能丰富度指数在草地中最低(P<0.05),功能均匀度和功能离散度在灌木林中最低(P<0.05),Pielou均匀度指数在不同植被类型间差异不显著(P>0.05);功能丰富度与物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数显著负相关(P<0.01),功能离散度与物种均匀度显著正相关(P<0.01),而功能均匀度与所有物种多样性指数均不相关(P>0.05);影响物种多样性的主要因子有土壤含水量、土壤有机质、土壤pH值、土壤全氮含量和坡向,影响功能多样性的主要因子有土壤有机质、土层深度、土壤含水量和海拔。物种多样性和功能多样性分布主要受土壤因子的影响,分别占到总解释变异的29.1%和29.8%。本研究结果表明研究区草本植物物种多样性和功能多样性变化相对独立,物种多样性可能主要是由资源可利用程度决定,而功能多样性可能是生态位分化即环境筛选和物种间相互作用共同决定。 相似文献
5.
Small mammal community succession on the beach of Dongting Lake,China after the Three Gorges Project 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Meiwen ZHANG Yong WANG Bo LI Cong GUO Guoxian HUANG Guo SHEN Xunjun ZHOU 《Integrative zoology》2014,9(3):294-308
Although the Three Gorges Project (TGP) may have affected the population structure and distribution of plant and animal communities, few studies have analyzed the effect of this project on small mammal communities. Therefore, the present paper compares the small mammal communities inhabiting the beaches of Dongting Lake using field investigations spanning a 20‐year period, both before and after the TGP was implemented. Snap traps were used throughout the census. The results indicate that the TGP caused major changes to the structure of the small mammal community at a lake downstream of the dam. First, species abundance on the beaches increased after the project commenced. The striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) and the Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus), which rarely inhabited the beach before the TGP, became abundant (with marked population growth) once water was impounded by the Three Gorges Reservoir. Second, dominant species concentration indices exhibited a stepwise decline, indicating that the community structure changed from a single dominant species to a more diverse species mix after TGP implementation. Third, the regulation of water discharge release by the TGP might have caused an increase in the species diversity of the animal community on the beaches. A significant difference in diversity indices was obtained before and after the TGP operation. Similarity indices also indicate a gradual increase in species numbers. Hence, a long‐term project should be established to monitor the population fluctuations of the Yangtze vole (Microtus fortis), the striped field mouse and the Norway rat to safeguard against population outbreaks (similar to the Yangtze vole outbreak in 2007), which could cause crop damage to adjacent farmland, in addition to documenting the succession process of the small mammal community inhabiting the beaches of Dongting Lake. 相似文献
6.
《African Zoology》2013,48(1):117-124
A preliminary investigation of the diversity and density of small mammals in four structurally distinct habitat types in an actively-utilized farming landscape was carried out. We sought to understand how diversity and density are influenced by landscape structure, habitat structure and management decisions. Farmers in the area believe small mammals provide a service as an alternative food source, other than sheep, for predators. We assessed the validity of this reported ecosystem service. A total of 10 species and 219 individuals were recorded during this survey of 3600 trap-nights, with a total trap success rate of 6.1%. Significantly more individuals were caught during the winter than in summer. Vegetation transformation had a negative impact on small mammal diversity. Density, diversity and distribution were correlated with vegetation and landscape structural diversity. Management decisions that reduce vegetation structure and cover will have a negative impact on small mammal density and diversity. Ensuring the conservation of small mammals may have the benefit of providing an alternative food source to predators, a valuable ecosystem service to farmers. 相似文献
7.
Bonginkosi C Gumbi Julie T Shapiro Themba Mahlaba Robert McCleery Duncan MacFadyen 《African Zoology》2018,53(1):23-29
Grazing by large mammals alters vegetation physiognomy, consequently changing habitat suitability for small mammal communities. We investigated the response of terrestrial small mammals to grazing by wild and domesticated ungulates at the boundary of a protected area (Telperion Nature Reserve) and surrounding cattle ranches in Mpumalanga, South Africa over two seasons. Fifteen paired grids were set on either side of the boundary fence at which small mammals were trapped in Sherman live traps placed flat on the ground. A total of 11 760 trap nights resulted in the capture of 187 animals belonging to 14 species (11 rodents, two shrews and one elephant shrew). The small mammal communities in grasslands grazed by domesticated or wild ungulates were similar in abundance, species richness, diversity and demographic parameters, likely due to the fact that vegetation structure of the two grazing systems was also similar. We used generalised linear models to show that rock and grass cover were plausible predictors of small mammal abundance in this system. Rock cover showed a positive relationship with small mammal abundance whilst grass cover showed a negative relationship. Our observations suggest that at the scale of our study and with the current stocking densities, wild and domesticated ungulates have similar impacts on the small mammal community. 相似文献
8.
采用地统计学方法对冀北山地干旱阳坡草本植物物种多样性的空间异质性进行了研究。结果表明,丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Weiner指数和Pielou均匀度指数均服从正态分布,变异系数CV为11.1%~27.7%,均属中等变异性;4个多样性指数的变异函数均为指数模型,丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Weiner指数具有中等强度的各向同性空间相关性,Pielou均匀度指数具有明显的各向异性特点;丰富度指数的变程为84 m,在对该地区山地植被进行多样性调查时,样地之间的距离应在84 m以上,以消除取样时样地间的相关性;在变程范围内,各物种多样性指数空间变异的结构性因子占主导地位,所占比例为50.1%~67.6%,环境因素是决定物种多样性空间分布的主导因素;4个多样性指数在空间上均呈条带状及斑块状分布,垂直方向上,4个多样性指数在从上坡到下坡的环境梯度上呈逐渐下降的趋势,水平方向上,丰富度指数总体上西部明显高于东部。 相似文献
9.
Nelmarie Saayman Craig Morris Hannes Botha 《African Journal of Range and Forage Science》2016,33(4):225-233
The Succulent Karoo, one of two arid biodiversity hotspots in the world, is known for its high plant species richness, but little is known about the influence of topography and how it mediates the potentially deleterious effects of grazing. Changes in vegetation species composition, cover and species diversity were examined along piosphere gradients on northerly slopes, bottomlands and low-lying plains on 45 farms. Landscapes differed in the plant speciesand life-form composition, species richness and cover, with the more species-rich, heterogeneous grassy northerly slopes distinct from the plains and bottomlands, which were dominated by Pteronia pallens, Psilocaulon junceum and Drosanthenum spp. with more annual and ephemeral species. Overall, species richness declined linearly with decreasing rangeland condition. A weak grazing effect was detected only on the north-facing slopes, where shrubs and grass decreased with intense grazing. Years of overgrazing have resulted in the widespread dominance of P. pallens, especially on the plains and bottomlands, rendering them insensitive to grazing. The current condition of the northern slopes should be maintained and managed such that palatable species can spread to more degraded areas of the landscape. 相似文献
10.
对三江源地区不同剥蚀退化高寒草甸群落生物量、群落组成及多样性分析。结果表明,群落地上、地下与总的生物量随退化加剧而降低,群落总生物量的变化受地下生物量的变化影响较大。群落地上生物量的变化主要由群落功能群组成的变化引起,随着剥蚀退化的加剧,群落中各功能群生物量均降低,莎草科和禾本科植物相对生物量降低最为明显,而杂类草相对生物量随退化的加剧而增加。不同剥蚀退化程度下,群落多样性指数和均匀度指数的变化趋势与物种丰富度变化趋势基本一致,均呈先降低后增加的趋势,在群落中度退化时各指数最低。物种多样性与功能群多样性指数表现为相同的变化趋势。 相似文献
11.
通过测定生物多样性各指标、地上－地下生物量、枯落物量、土壤理化因子以及土壤微生物量碳氮,研究了自然状态下荒漠草原6种群落生物多样性与生物量的关系及其影响因子。结果表明：荒漠草原不同群落丰富度、均匀度与多样性指数变化趋势一致;地上生物量与地下生物量呈指数关系,表明荒漠草原群落呈异速生长模式;生物多样性与地上生物量呈单峰曲线,与地下生物量呈线性关系,初步表明荒漠草原不同群落地上部分种间作用、资源利用程度基本一致,生物多样性抑制了地上生物量,但并没有抑制其地下生物量;地表枯落物与地下生物量呈极显著的线性相关关系（P ＜0．01）,初步表明了地下生物量更加依赖于地表枯落物。相关分析表明,荒漠草原生物多样性指数和生物量影响因子存在明显差异,自然条件下土壤含水量、有机碳、全氮以及有效养分对地下生物量贡献较大,土壤含水量和有机碳对地上生物量贡献较大,土壤微生物量碳和氮对群落多样性指数贡献较大。 相似文献
12.
M. Tryland T. Nesbakken L. Robertson D. Grahek‐Ogden B. T. Lunestad 《Zoonoses and public health》2014,61(6):377-394
Only a few countries worldwide hunt seals and whales commercially. In Norway, hooded and harp seals and minke whales are commercially harvested, and coastal seals (harbour and grey seals) are hunted as game. Marine mammal meat is sold to the public and thus included in general microbiological meat control regulations. Slaughtering and dressing of marine mammals are performed in the open air on deck, and many factors on board sealing or whaling vessels may affect meat quality, such as the ice used for cooling whale meat and the seawater used for cleaning, storage of whale meat in the open air until ambient temperature is reached, and the hygienic conditions of equipment, decks, and other surfaces. Based on existing reports, it appears that meat of seal and whale does not usually represent a microbiological hazard to consumers in Norway, because human disease has not been associated with consumption of such foods. However, as hygienic control on marine mammal meat is ad hoc, mainly based on spot‐testing, and addresses very few human pathogens, this conclusion may be premature. Additionally, few data from surveys or systematic quality control screenings have been published. This review examines the occurrence of potential human pathogens in marine mammals, as well as critical points for contamination of meat during the slaughter, dressing, cooling, storage and processing of meat. Some zoonotic agents are of particular relevance as foodborne pathogens, such as Trichinella spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Salmonella and Leptospira spp. In addition, Mycoplasma spp. parapoxvirus and Mycobacterium spp. constitute occupational risks during handling of marine mammals and marine mammal products. Adequate training in hygienic procedures is necessary to minimize the risk of contamination on board, and acquiring further data is essential for obtaining a realistic assessment of the microbiological risk to humans from consuming marine mammal meat. 相似文献
13.
The research describes for the first time a possible case of pituitary gigantism in fossil mammals, precisely in deer. The pathology was detected in 2 long bones (tibia and metatarsus) belonging to an individual of an unusual large size found at the Bate cave (Rethymnon, Northern Crete). It formed the basis of Candiacervus major, the largest among the endemic deer species recorded in the Pleistocene-Early Holocene of Crete. Radiological and histomorphological examinations highlighted a reduction in cortical bone thickness and the presence of wide lacunae inside of the bone tissue. The pathological conditions suggest a pituitary gigantism diagnosis also supported by some morphological evidence, such as the extremely elongated distal part of the metatarsal diaphysis, the proportionally small proximal epiphysis, and some bone gracility. The diagnosis of a case of pituitary gigantism as presumed responsible for the extraordinary elongation of the tibia and the metatarsal bone is intriguing as they are, respectively, the paratype and the holotype of the C. major. The species represents a case of a deviation from the “island rule” in Pleistocene large mammals. The new evidence recommends a taxonomic and nomenclatural revision of this species. The main outcomes of this research are as follows: (i) a case of pituitary gigantism is described for the first time in an extinct mammal; (ii) it is underlined that paleohistology may provide interesting clues for disentangling taxonomic and nomenclatural issues; (iii) one of the very few cases of gigantism in insular mammals is being questioned. 相似文献
14.
Lauren A. Smith DiCarlo Sandra J. DeBano Skyler Burrows 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2019,72(3):551-560
Rangeland invertebrates contribute greatly to biodiversity and provide important services including pollination, pest control, and nutrient cycling. As wildfire frequency increases across these areas of the United States, it is imperative to understand how these disturbances affect beneficial invertebrate communities. We examined bee (Hymenoptera), spider (Araneae), and vegetative communities 1 yr before and 1 yr after a large wildfire swept across an intact grassland in eastern Oregon. Several sites were left unburned after the fire, and a before-after-control-impact study design was used to assess changes within the communities. Fire had no effect on bee or spider abundance, or spider diversity or richness; however, fire significantly increased native bee diversity and richness. In addition, composition of both native bee and spider communities differed significantly between burned and unburned areas 1 yr after the fire. Sheet web spiders (Linyphiidae) and several bee species (primarily large, generalist species) were associated with burned sites. Invasive annual grass and biological soil crust cover decreased significantly in burned sites, but maximum vegetation height and litter cover did not differ significantly among treatments. Forb abundance increased in burned sites; however, species richness of forbs in burned and unburned sites did not differ significantly 1 yr after the fire. Several forbs were indicative of burned areas including non-native species, such as Douglas’ knotweed (Polygonum douglasii) and Russian thistle (Salsola tragus), and native species such as Canadian horseweed (Conyza canadensis), hoary tansyaster (Machaeranthera canescens), and tall willowherb (Epilobium brachycarpum). This study demonstrates that both invertebrate and plant communities show strong short-term responses to wildfire, and our results can be used to inform management of rare habitat and biodiversity in rangelands impacted by wildfire in arid grasslands. 相似文献
15.
以拉萨河谷达孜县新仓村沟域的山地灌丛草地为研究对象,采用样方调查法探究了随海拔升高(3992~4940 m)灌丛草地群落结构、物种多样性、功能性状Rao指数的变化特征。结果表明,1)随海拔升高灌丛生物量和盖度呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,但草地盖度(71±14)%和生物量(49.18±19.17) g/m2变化不明显(P>0.05);2)随海拔升高群落物种组成存在差异,但共优种高山嵩草(0.591±0.034)和青藏苔草(0.326±0.061)的优势度无显著变化(P>0.05);3)随海拔升高草地物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数呈先增加后降低的“单峰曲线”变化特征;4)以株高测算的草地群落功能性状Rao指数随海拔升高而降低。物种丰富度、功能性状以及地上净初级生产力沿海拔升高的变化特征存在差异,为维持高原河谷山地灌丛草地的生态安全,未来应重视三者相互关系及其生态学机制的相关研究。 相似文献
16.
Valery M. NERONOV Ludmila A. KHLYAP Vladimir V. BOBROV Andrey A. WARSHAVSKY 《Integrative zoology》2008,3(2):83-94
The paper analyses the results of a survey of 37 Russian biosphere reserves using questionnaires concerning the presence of alien species of mammals, their pathways of penetration, and their impacts on protected ecosystems. The penetration of alien mammals into terrestrial ecosystems of Russia is extensive, both in places with maximum human environmental impact (inhabited areas and agricultural lands) and in biosphere reserves with minimal human impact. There are 62 mammal species registered as alien in Russian ecosystems and they account for 22% of the terrestrial mammal fauna of Russia. The percentage of alien species in biosphere reserves is 32.6% at most. In most regions, Castor fiber, Ondatra zibethicus, Nyctereutes procyonoides, Canis familiaris, Neovison vison and Sus scrofa are very dangerous, and both Castor fiber and Sus scrofa can have environment‐forming impacts. 相似文献
17.
Youhua CHEN 《Integrative zoology》2014,9(3):340-348
In this study, based on phylogenetic diversity (PD), I develop a conservation strategy for Galliformes species around the world. A cladogram of 197 Galliformes species derived from a previous study was used for calculating PD metrics. Branch length is an important aspect of the phylogenetic information a tree can convey, but 2 traditionally‐used metrics, the number of phylogenetic groups to which a taxon belongs (I) and the proportion that each taxon contributes to the total diversity of the group (W), are fully node‐based and do not take branch length into account. Therefore, to measure PD more appropriately, I combined a branch‐related metric, pendant edge (P), in addition to I and W. A final combined rank for Galliformes species was obtained by summing the ranks of the 3 metrics. My results showed that the 5% top priority species for conserving evolutionary potential were Galloperdix lunulata, Haematortyx sanguiniceps, Margaroperdix madagarensis, Syrmaticus soemmerringii, Coturnix pectoralis, Polyplectron napoleonis, Alectoris melanocephala, Xenoperdix udzungwensis, Afropavo congensis and Syrmaticus reevesii. The current species priority ranking based on pylogenetic diversity and the official International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) ranking of Galliformes species was significantly correlated when considering the 5 categories of IUCN (critical endangered, endangered, vulnerable, near threatened and least concern). This indicated the feasibility of introducing the PD index into the network of IUCN regional Red List assessment. The 5% top priority countries selected using the complementarity principle possessing diversified Galliformes genetic resources were China, Indonesia, Mexico, India, Colombia, Australia, Brazil, Angola, Congo and Japan (in descending order). China, Indonesia, Mexico, Brazil, India and Colombia are consistently selected among the 4 top priority sets of richness, rarity, endemicity and PD. This result indicated that the priority result from PD is highly congruent with conventional measures. Along with other conventional ecological attributes, the alternative conservation scenario based on PD is reasonable and can be adopted in systematic conservation planning. 相似文献
18.
Indicators of rangeland health generally do not include a measure of biodiversity. Increasing attention to maintaining biodiversity in rangelands suggests that this omission should be reconsidered, and plant species richness and diversity are two metrics that may be useful and appropriate. Ideally, their response to a variety of anthropogenic and natural drivers in the ecosystem of interest would be clearly understood, thereby providing a means to diagnose the cause of decline in an ecosystem. Conceptual ecological models based on ecological principles and hypotheses provide a framework for this understanding, but these models must be supported by empirical evidence if they are to be used for decision making. To that end, we synthesize results from published studies regarding the responses of plant species richness and diversity to drivers that are of management concern in Great Plains grasslands, one of North America's most imperiled ecosystems. In the published literature, moderate grazing generally has a positive effect on these metrics in tallgrass prairie and a neutral to negative effect in shortgrass prairie. The largest published effects on richness and diversity were caused by moderate grazing in tallgrass prairies and nitrogen fertilization in shortgrass prairies. Although weather is often cited as the reason for considerable annual fluctuations in richness and diversity, little information about the responses of these metrics to weather is available. Responses of the two metrics often diverged, reflecting differences in their sensitivity to different types of changes in the plant community. Although sufficient information has not yet been published for these metrics to meet all the criteria of a good indicator in Great Plains Grasslands, augmenting current methods of evaluating rangeland health with a measure of plant species richness would reduce these shortcomings and provide information critical to managing for biodiversity. 相似文献
19.
Fasheng ZOU Qiongfang YANG Yongbiao LIN Guoliang XU Russell GREENBERG 《Integrative zoology》2014,9(1):97-106
Plantations of non‐native, fast‐growing trees are increasing in the tropics and subtropics, perhaps with negative consequences for the native avifauna. We studied bird diversity in 4 types of plantations in South China to determine which plantation types are especially detrimental, and compared our findings with studies in nearby natural forests to assess the magnitude of the negative impact. A total of 57 species was recorded. The mean capture rate of understory birds was 1.7 individuals 100‐net‐h–1. Bird richness and capture rate were lower in plantations than in nearby natural forests. Babblers (Timaliidae), primarily forest‐dependent species in South China, were particularly under‐represented in plantations. Species richness, composition and bird density, particularly of understory birds, differed between plantation types. Plantations of Schima, which is native to South China, had the highest species richness according to point count data. Plantations of Acacia (non‐native) supported the highest understory species richness and produced the highest capture rate of understory birds, probably because of their complex structure and high arthropod abundance. If bird diversity is to be considered, we strongly recommend that future re‐afforestation projects in South China should, as far as possible, use mixed native tree species, and especially Schima, ahead of the other species. 相似文献
20.
Shijie BAI Peijun ZHANG Mingli LIN Wenzhi LIN Zixin YANG Songhai LI 《Integrative zoology》2021,16(3):324-335
Information on the gut microbiome composition of different mammals could provide novel insights into the evolution of mammals and succession of microbial communities in different hosts. However, there is limited information on the gut microbiome composition of marine mammals, especially cetaceans because of sampling constraints. In this study, we investigated the diversity and composition of microbial communities in the stomach, midgut, and hindgut of 2 stranded short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and hindgut of a stranded pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps) by using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing technology. On the basis of the 50 most abundant operational taxonomic units, principal coordinate analysis, and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis, we confirmed that the gut microbial communities of the 3 whales were different. Our results revealed that the gut microbiome of 1 stranded short-finned pilot whale GM16 was dominated by Firmicutes (mainly Clostridium) and Fusobacteria; whereas that of the other pilot whale GM19 was composed of Gammaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes (mainly Vibrio and Bacteroides, respectively), probably caused by intestinal disease and antibiotic treatment. The gut microbiome of the pygmy sperm whale was dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Moreover, different gastrointestinal tract regions harbored different microbial community structures. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the gut microbiome of short-finned pilot whales, and our findings will expand our current knowledge on microbial diversity and composition in the gastrointestinal tract of cetaceans. 相似文献