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1.
应用抗玉米赤霉烯酮单克隆抗体建立了竞争间接ＥＬＩＳＡ，用以检测玉米，小麦、饲料中的玉米赤霉烯酮，最低检出量的０．０５ｎｇ／ｍＬ，检测范围为０．０５－５００ｎｇ／ｍＬ。检测掺合ＺＥＮ（２５－５００ｎｇ／ｇ）的小麦，饲料、玉米样品，平均回收率，玉米为１０５．８％、小麦为９０％、饲料为１０３．９％；平均批内和批间变异系数，玉米为３．８％、５．８％，小麦为１２．７％、２８％，饲料为１５．２％、６．８％。对  相似文献   

2.
本研究采用免疫亲和柱高效液相色谱法测定了北京地区猪场饲料原料及全价饲料中玉米赤霉烯酮（ＺＥＮ）的含量,以了解北京地区饲料中 ＺＥＮ的污染情况。试验抽样采集北京市昌平区、大兴区、延庆区、平谷区、顺义区 ５个区县 １５个猪场 １３１份饲料样［５５份玉米、豆粕、麸皮、干酒糟及其可溶物（ＤＤＧＳ）原料,７６份猪全价饲料］进行 ＺＥＮ含量的测定。结果表明：玉米、豆粕、麸皮、ＤＤＧＳ和全价饲料中 ＺＥＮ的检出率分别为 １００．００％、５４．４５％、１００．００％、１００．００％和 ５８．８８％,超标率分别为 ０．００％、０．００％、０．００％、４１．１８％和 ０．００％,平均含量分别为 １０９．０８、９．１９、１４．９２、８８２．６８和 ５８．８８μｇ／ｋｇ。结果提示,不同饲料原料中 ＺＥＮ含量存在差异,ＤＤＧＳ中 ＺＥＮ平均含量超标,猪全价饲料及玉米、豆粕等饲料原料中 ＺＥＮ平均含量均未超标。  相似文献   

3.
牛组织中阿维菌素残留的ELISA研究   总被引：19，自引：1，他引：18  
本文探讨了检测牛组织（血浆、肌肉和肝）中阿维菌素（ＡＶＭ）残留的间接竞争ＥＬＩＳＡ反应条件和样本前处理方法，并对添加样本进行了测定。竞争反应可耐受２０％（ｖ／ｖ）的甲醇。使用４″－Ｏ－（单）琥珀酰ＡＶＭ－ＯＶＡ和５－Ｏ－（单）琥珀酰ＡＶＭ－ＯＶＡ作包被原，ＡＶＭ标准液的Ｉ５０＝１．８￣４．０ｎｇ／ｍＬ，检测极限为０．０２￣０．２ｎｇ／ｍＬ。样本经甲醇一次提取和稀释后直接进行检测，各样本介质中ＡＶＭ  相似文献   

4.
应用抗玉米赤霉烯酮单克隆抗体（ZEN—McAb）建立间接竞争ELISA,用以检测玉米中的玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）。检测限为1ng／ml,检测范围为1～20ng／ml。在提取玉米赤霉烯酮的过程中,提取液中的甲醇含量对检验结果的影响很大。当提取液中甲醇含量为60％时,加标回收率最理想,平均回收率为92．4％。  相似文献   

5.
分别用血清中和（ＳＮ）试验和单克隆抗体（ＴＧＥｍＡｂ和ＴＧＥ／ＰＲＣＶｍＡｂ）阻断酶联免疫吸附试验（Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）对８１头美国进口猪血清作猪传染性胃肠炎（ＴＧＥ）抗体检测。ＳＮ试验检出７份阳性血清，检出率为８．６４％；Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ试验检出７份ＰＲＣＶ抗体阳性血清，检出率为８．６４％，无ＴＧＥ阳性。ＳＮ试验检出７份ＴＧＥ抗体阳性血清与Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ试验检出的７份ＰＲＣＶ抗体阳性血清完全重合。结果证明，应用单克隆抗体进行的Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ可鉴别诊断ＴＧＥ与ＰＲＣＶ感染，优于ＳＮ试验  相似文献   

6.
玉米赤霉烯酮对猪的危害及其控制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
玉米赤霉烯酮（Zearalenone,ZEN）又称F-2毒素,最初于1962年由Stob等人从污染了禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum）的发霉玉米中分离得到,此外粉红镰刀菌、窜珠镰刀菌、三线镰刀菌等多种镰刀菌也能产生此毒素。玉米赤霉烯酮主要存在于玉米、小麦、大豆等植物中。我国霉菌污染比较严重,李荣涛等（2004）经对扦取的小麦样本（48份）和玉米样本（33份）测定,玉米赤霉烯酮阳性率均为100％。张丞等（2009）于2009年1～6月从全国收集饲料和原料样品（90份）,  相似文献   

7.
将ＩＢＤ病鸡粪便及饲料经ＰＥＧ浓缩处理后用ＲＴＰＣＲ与单克隆抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ进行ＩＢＤＶ检测。在ＲＴＰＣＲ试验中，粪便和饲料的阳性检出率均为１００％（８／８）；在夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ试验中，粪便的阳性检出率为１００％（８／８），而在饲料中末检出ＩＢＤＶ（８／８％。试验结果证明，ＲＴＰＣＲ是ＩＢＤＶ流行病学特别是传播途径研究的首选方法。  相似文献   

8.
用蔗糖不连续梯度纯化的减蛋综合征＊（ＥＤＳ－７６）病毒包被ＥＬＩＳＡ板，建立了检测ＥＤＳ－７６抗体的间接ＥＬＩＳＡ法。经测定，抗原最适包被浓度为１μｇ／ｍＬ，待检血清最佳稀释度为１：２００，以ＯＤ４９０〉０．３，Ｐ／Ｎ〉２．１判为阳性结果。对４个鸡场的１２０份鸡血清进行检测，阳性率分别为０，４３．３３％，８０．００％和９３．３３％。  相似文献   

9.
Dot—ELISA检测犬瘟热病毒抗原的研究   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  
用建立的三抗体夹心法Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测犬瘟热病毒（ＣＤＶ）抗原,其抗原最低检出量为１．１５μｇ／ｍＬ（０．５７６２５ｎｇ／点）,经与常规ＥＬＩＳＡ对１０４份自然感染犬的血液白细胞样本,６０份眼结膜分泌物样本,７３份脾、肝、淋巴结等脏器样本进行检出的阳性率分别为９２．３１％、６６．６７％、８３．５６％和９０．７２％、６３．２９％、８１．８６％;两种方法检出的总阳性率分别为８３．５４％（１９８／２  相似文献   

10.
为了解动物饲料小麦中是否含有玉米赤霉烯酮毒素,应用竞争性酶免疫分析法快速定量测定43个小麦样品中玉米赤霉烯酮毒素的含量,并进行了分析。结果显示,在被检的43个小麦样品中,含有玉米赤霉烯酮的有5个(5/43),检出率占11.6%,玉米赤霉烯酮含量超过国家粮食卫生标准的有3个(3/43),超标率占7.0%,说明作为畜禽饲料原料的小麦,存在引发动物玉米赤霉烯酮毒素中毒的潜在危险。本法适宜于大批量小麦样品中玉米赤霉烯酮含量的快速测定,这对于选择品质优良的小麦作为饲料、避免玉米赤霉烯酮对畜禽生长危害有重要意义。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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