共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 437 毫秒
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由于蜂胶具有抗菌、消炎、止痛、止痒、防腐、除臭、排除毒素、促进再生、增强SOD活性等多种作用,在化工产品中加入适量的蜂胶有利于增强它们保护皮肤、清除体表污垢、预防外在感染以及其他医疗保健功效,因而在化工行业深受欢迎。据联合国粮农组织(FAO)有关文献报道,国外蜂胶化工产品的研制和生产已有一定的历史,而且已显示出良好的发展前景。产品包括蜂胶的各种提取液,促进组织再生的药膏,含蜂胶的香波、药皂、冷膏、发膏、护肤露、面霜、面膜、牙膏、沐浴露、漱口水、脱发剂等。我国的蜂胶化工产品仍处于起步阶段。在“返璞归真”、“… 相似文献
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为了解新疆伊犁地区肉牛产业链中重金素元素的残留情况,本研究采用原子吸收法对新疆伊犁地区肉牛养殖场的土壤、饲料及屠宰场的牛肉进行重金属砷、铅、汞、铬、镉的检测。结果表明土壤样品中重金属铅、砷、汞、铬、镉元素含量分别为0.03~0.20、3.87~8.30、0.15~0.23、0.09~0.48和0.41~0.86 mg/kg。饲料样品中铅、砷、汞、铬、镉元素含量分别为3.01~18.09、75.35~94.27、19.65~24.37、0.06~1.04和1.81~8.46 μg/kg。牛肉中铅、砷、汞、铬、镉元素含量分别为0.23~0.54、1.22~7.12、0.28~0.53、0.01~0.27及0.02~0.03 μg/kg。土壤和饲料、饲料和牛肉、土壤和牛肉中重金素含量的相关系数分别是0.96、0.99、0.98。综上所述,伊犁地区肉牛养殖场的土壤和饲料,屠宰场的牛肉中重金素铅、砷、汞、铬、镉元素的含量均没有超标,三者中重金属含量具有较高的相关性。 相似文献
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1.分群饲喂:羊的分群具体可分为普通羊群、杂交羊群、公羊群、母羊群、公羔群、母羔群、青年公羊群、青年母羊群、健康羊群、非健康羊群等等.在饲养过程中,按照不同的性别、年龄、生理时期的需要给予相应的饲料进行饲喂,可以大大提高饲料的利用率,迅速提高羊的增重速度和肉羊的屠宰率. 相似文献
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饲料添加剂的种类在我们往期的杂志中做过详细的介绍,根据现行《饲料添加剂品种目录》的规定,主要包括氨基酸、维生素、矿物元素及其络(螯)合物、酶制剂、微生物、非蛋白氮、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、防霉剂、酸度调节剂、 相似文献
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在青藏高原独特的自然条件下，经过数千年的自然选择和人工选育．逐步形成了藏羊、牦牛、黄牛、大通马、河曲马、柴达木马、玉树马、驴、骆驼、互助猪、海东鸡等适应当地自然生态条件的地方畜禽品种。建国后．又引进了一批细毛羊、半细毛羊、乳用牛、肉牛、马、驴、猪、肉鸡、蛋鸡等优良品种．开展了畜禽品种改良工作。经几十年的艰苦努力．先后培育出青海毛肉兼用细毛羊、青海高原毛肉兼用半细毛羊、青海挽乘兼用马和柴达木绒山羊等新品种。 相似文献
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随着国内加工技术水平的提高,肉鸡加工制品仍充满商机。烧鸡具有的独特的风味,在世界各地引起广泛关注,吸引了许多养禽业者的研究开发。1材料与方法1.1试验材料及设备1.1.1原料鸡市售的健康活鸡。1.1.2辅料砂仁、豆蔻、草果、肉桂、良姜、陈皮、白芷、食盐、蜂蜜、味精、酱油、料酒、葱、姜、菜油。 相似文献
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Clinical chemistry of companion avian species: a review 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Harr KE 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2002,31(3):140-151
Birds have evolved alternate physiologic strategies to contend with dehydration, starvation, malnutrition, and reproduction. Basic anatomic and functional differences between birds and mammals impact clinical chemistry values and their evaluation. Interpretation of the results of standard biochemical analyses, including BUN, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, gamma glutamyltransferase, bilirubin, ammonia, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, bile acids, glucose, albumin, globulins, calcium, phosphorus, prealbumin (transthyretin), fibrinogen, iron, and ferritin, is reviewed and discussed in relation to these physiological differences. The use and interpretation of alternative analytes appropriate for avian species, such as uric acid, biliverdin, glutamate dehydrogenase, and galactose clearance, also are reviewed. Normal avian urine and appropriate use of urinalysis, an integral part of laboratory diagnosis in mammalian species that frequently is omitted from avian diagnostic protocols, is discussed. 相似文献
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The ash, silica and certain important micronutrients were estimated in conventional and unconventional feed and fodder resources available in Southern India. Commonly used dry roughages, such as paddy straw, ragi straw, maize kadbi/stalk, jowar kadbi/stalk, bajra stalk and wheat straw, were high in ash (9.9% +/- 0.77%) and silica (6.4% +/- 0.65%) and low in most of the other micronutrients, except iron, with paddy straw containing most silica (>9%). Cultivated non-leguminous (maize, jowar) and improved green crops (hybrid napier, guinea, green panic, NB-21, CO-1) were also high in ash (10.5% +/- 0.60% and 12.5% +/- 0.51%) but were moderate sources of P, Mg and Cu and good sources of Zn (98 +/- 13.8 ppm and 55 +/- 6.7 ppm). Leguminous green fodders (stylosanthus, lucerne, cow pea, soyabean) were excellent sources of Ca (1.9% +/- 0.16%), Mg (0.40% +/- 0.05%), Cu (30 +/- 5.2 ppm), Zn (121 +/- 14.7 ppm) and Fe (1234 +/- 166 ppm) and moderate sources of P. Mixed local grasses and weeds were high in silica (6.9% +/- 1.00%) but were good sources of Cu, Zn and Fe. Cereal grains (maize, wheat, rice, ragi) were low in ash (2.9% +/- 0.33%) and were relatively poor sources of Ca (0.22% +/- 0.03%), Mg (0.19% +/- 0.03%) and Cu (13 +/- 3.1 ppm). Pulses were low to medium sources of most minerals and good sources of Fe (1230 +/- 293 ppm). Oil seed cake/extractions (groundnut cake, cotton seed cake, soyabean meal, sunflower cake, safflower cake) and cereal by-products (rice polish, rice bran, wheat bran) were excellent sources of P (1.1% +/- 0.47% and 2.3% +/- 0.19%) and good sources of Zn (65 +/- 3.9 ppm and 66 +/- 10.7 ppm) and Fe (938 +/- 130 ppm and 662 +/- 126 ppm). Among the unconventional feeds screened, orange peel, sunflower heads, meat meal, rubber seed cake, spirulina algae and sea weeds contained plentiful Ca, Zn and Fe: tree leaves/top feeds (mulberry, erythrina, glyricidia, banana, subabul, groundnut haulms) were excellent sources of Ca (1.5% +/- 0.13%), Zn (120 +/- 22.9 ppm) and Fe (1033 +/- 133 ppm) but relatively poor sources of P. Soyabean husk, cocoa seed husk, rubber seed cake and meat meal were moderate to good sources of P (1.0% and 0.33%). The high Zn and Fe values of most feeds/fodders were probably due to soil contamination. This account of the micronutrient content of feed/fodder resources should help in strategic supplementation intended to alleviate local deficiencies. 相似文献
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Some Pharmacokinetic Parameters of R-(–)- and S-(+)-Ketoprofen: The Influence of Age and Differing Physiological Status in Dairy Cattle 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The pharmacokinetic parameters of ketoprofen have previously been studied in cattle, but no studies have been performed on differing ages and metabolic situations in these animals. The aim of this work was to study the possible modifictions of the pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen enantiomers that may result from age, lactation or gestation in dairy cattle. Three groups of Holando Argentino cattle contained, respectively, 8 cows in early lactation, 8 pregnant cows and 8 newborn calves. Four animals from each group received the enantiomer R-(-)-ketoprofen, the other four animals received the S-(+) enantiomer, all by intravenous injection at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg. Significant differences between the three categories of animals were obtained in elimination half-life (t1/2) (1.52, 0.87 and 0.31 and 1.71, 0.69 and 0.26 in newborn calves, cows in early lactation and cows in gestation, respectively), mean residence time (MRT) (0.45, 1.25, 2.20 and 0.38, 0.99, 2.47 h, in cows in gestation, cows in early lactation and newborn calves, respectively) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) (0.87, 2.93, 3.24, and 0.67, 2.78, 5.13 (microg/h)/ml in cows in gestation, cows in early lactation and newborn calves, respectively, for the R-(-) and S-(+) enantiomer, respectively. In calves, there was a significant difference in AUC (3.24 vs 5.13 (microg/h)/ml between R-(-)- and S-(+)-ketoprofen. In view of the differences between calves and adult cattle in the pharmacokinetic results for ketoprofen, the effects of age and physiological status (lactation, gestation) should be taken into account for therapeutic regimens. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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SU Gui-long ZHANG Jing-yan ZHANG Kai WANG Lei ZHANG Kang WANG Xue-zhi YANG Zhi-qiang LI Jian-xi 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(6):1877-1883
The utilization of Astragalus resource was often limited to the root, while the stem and leaf had always been discarded, causing serious waste of traditional Chinese medicine resources. This experiment was aimed to study the changes of the content of active ingredients such as Astragalus polysaccharides, flavonoids and saponins in Astragalus root, stem and leaf by probiotic fermentation. A strain of FGM probiotic isolated from chicken intestines was used in this experiment for the fermentation of Astragalus root, stem and leaf. The results showed that, after fermentation, the crude polysaccharide contents of Astragalus root, annual stem, two years stem, annual leaf, two years leaf increased by 177.46%, 227.27%, 207.11%, 170.61% and 182.28%, respectively, the total flavonoids contents increased by 55.67%, 33.68%, 30.04%, -8.17% and -6.57%, respectively, and the total saponins contents increased by 68.50%, 55.91%, 55.71%, 40.93% and 46.13%, respectively. FGM probiotic fermentation made the main component contents of Astragalus increased, which would help for the further utilization of different parts of Astragalus, and efficient utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources. 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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The aim of our studies was to compare the roles of leptin and ghrelin in the direct control of proliferation, apoptosis, and secretory activity by porcine ovarian cells. In our in vitro experiments, we analyzed the effects of leptin and ghrelin treatments (at 0, 1, 10, or 100 ng/mL medium) on the accumulation of proliferation-related peptides (PCNA, cyclin B1, MAP kinase [MAPK]) and apoptosis-associated peptides (Bax, caspase 3, p53), and on progesterone secretion by cultured porcine granulosa cells, using immunocytochemistry, SDS PAGE-Western immunoblotting, and radioimmunoassay (RIA). Leptin stimulated proliferation (PCNA, cyclin B1, MAPK), apoptosis (Bax, p53), and progesterone secretion. Ghrelin promoted proliferation (PCNA, cyclin B1, MAPK) and progesterone secretion but suppressed apoptosis (Bax, caspase 3, p53). These observations suggest that both leptin and ghrelin directly control proliferation, apoptosis, and secretory activity by porcine ovarian cells. At the level of the ovary, in contrast to the hypothalamo-hypophysial system, leptin and ghrelin may have similar action in promoting granulosa cell proliferation and progesterone secretion, but they may be antagonistic to one another (leptin, stimulator; ghrelin, inhibitor) in controlling apoptosis. 相似文献