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微量元素氟的生理作用及其对畜禽健康的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
氟是畜禽正常生长必需的微量元素之一，适量的氟对畜禽的牙齿、骨骼、钙磷代谢、生长发育和繁殖均有着积极作用。综述了氟的来源、需要、吸收、分布及代谢以及生理功能和过量氟对机体健康的影响，并简要介绍了氟中毒的防治措施。 相似文献
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<正>氟是家畜正常生长所必须的微量元素之一,适量的氟对机体、牙齿、骨骼的钙化、神经传导和酶系统的代谢等均有促进作用,但过量的氟则容易引起家畜氟中毒。最近几年,在海晏县境内部分村庄发现有家畜氟中毒的现象,严重危害家畜健康。为了给该 相似文献
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氟是动物机体正常生长必需的微量元素之一。适量的氟可以促进牙齿和骨骼的钙化以及神经兴奋性传导和酶系统的代谢等,但过量的氟易导致动物机体中毒。随着饲料工业的发展和畜禽饲养规模化、集约化的发展,用于补充磷源的磷酸氢钙的需求量不断增加,一些未经脱毒或脱毒不彻底的磷酸氢钙盲目进入市场,引起畜禽氟中毒的现象时有发生。有关高氟饲料引起鸡、鸭中毒的报道较多,但有关珍禽氟中毒的报道较少见。桂花雀属鹌鹑科、蓝胸鹑属,生活在热带或亚热带山林中,主要分布在我国台湾及泰国、马来西亚等地,体形细小,体重约150 g,肉质鲜甜,营养丰富。出… 相似文献
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工业氟污染对小尾寒羊牙齿和骨骼中氟含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
于工业氟污染区选取4只雌性氟斑牙小尾寒羊作为试验组,于氟安全区另选4只健康小尾寒羊作为对照组;分别采集其肋骨及牙齿,利用氟离子选择电极法测定了其骨氟及牙氟含量。结果表明,氟污染区小尾寒羊的骨骼和牙齿中氟含量均明显高于氟安全区,差异极显著（P＜0.01）;氟污染区骨氟含量较对照组相对增长了73.5%;试验组牙氟含量较对照组相对增长了161.6%;表明氟在牙齿中的蓄积程度高于骨骼。本试验为进一步研究氟中毒对牙齿和骨骼的损伤机理奠定基础。 相似文献
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Choubisa SL 《Veterinary research communications》1999,23(7):457-465
Chronic fluoride toxicity in the form of osteo-dental fluorosis was observed in cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats from 21 villages of Banswara, Dungarpur and Udaipur districts of Southern Rajasthan where the mean fluoride concentration in drinking water varied from 1.5 to 4.0 ppm. The prevalence of dental fluorosis in calves (<1 year age) was greater than that in adult cattle and buffaloes. At a fluoride concentration in the water of 4.0 ppm, 100% of calves, 65.6% of buffaloes and 61.0% of cattle were found to be affected with dental fluorosis to varying degrees. In the older group of buffaloes, their teeth were brownish black instead of creamy yellow as found in calves and cattle. Out of 780 goats and 564 sheep, none revealed evidence of osteo-dental fluorosis. The overall prevalence of skeletal fluorosis was 8.5%, with the highest prevalence of 29.0% in cattle and 37.5% in buffaloes at a fluoride concentration of 3.2 ppm. None of the calves were affected with skeletal fluorosis. Intermittent lameness was observed in the older group of animals (>7 years age) at 2.8 ppm fluoride or more in the water. None of the fluorotic animals exhibited any apparent evidence of hypothyroidism, stunted growth or low milk production. There was no correlation between gender and the prevalence of fluorosis, but the prevalence and severity of skeletal fluorosis increased with increasing fluoride concentration and age. Possible factors causing variation in fluorosis in the cattle and buffaloes in villages with identical fluoride concentrations are discussed. 相似文献
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The effects of fluoride ingestion (3.5 mg/kg of body weight) were evaluated in 9 ewes at 6 through 9, 10 through 13, or 14 through 17 months of age (3 ewes/age group). In the 3 groups, the plasma fluoride concentration rapidly increased to 0.45, 0.46, and 0.50 microgram/ml, respectively, and decreased rapidly to 0.1 microgram/ml after fluoride was removed from the ration. In 5 of the 9 ewes, this short-term exposure caused symmetrical, moderate damage to the molars, which is characteristic of fluorosis in sheep. In 7 of the 9 ewes, abnormal gaps were found between incisors, which are not characteristic of fluorosis in sheep. Fluoride accumulation was higher in the roots of the incisors and in the dentine of the molars and was particularly evident in teeth that were developing when fluoride was administered; however, the fully developed teeth and teeth that developed several months after administration of fluoride also were affected. The increase in fluoride concentration in the enamel was confined to a maximum of 2 molars. The abnormal wear of the molars was not directly linked to fluoride accumulation. 相似文献
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J L Shupe P V Christofferson A E Olson E S Allred R L Hurst 《American journal of veterinary research》1987,48(10):1498-1503
Teeth from cattle, sheep, and horses that ingested various fluoride intakes and teeth from field studies of these species plus deer, elk, and bison were examined for abnormalities. Approximately 99,000 animals in 322 herds were examined for fluorosis. From field studies, 988 cattle of various ages and with different degrees of dental fluorosis were slaughtered and necropsied. The severity of fluoride-induced mottling, hypoplasia, and abnormal abrasion of paired permanent incisor teeth was correlated with abrasion of premolar and molar (cheek) teeth that form and mineralize at approximately the same age. Severe irregular wear of cheek teeth impaired mastication and resulted in poor utilization of feed and unthriftiness. Excessive amounts of fluoride during tooth formation and mineralization induce characteristic dental changes. Offspring from the fluoride-affected animals did not have discernible fluoride-induced lesions in the deciduous teeth. 相似文献
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Deciduous incisors from calves born to dams fed an average of 40 mg of fluoride/kg of forage ration (40 ppm) were compared with incisors from calves born to dams fed a normal dairy ration. Skeletal fluoride concentration in the calves born to fluoride-fed dams was increased 5 to 8 fold, but enamel mottling and hypoplasia, typical of permanent bovine incisor dental fluorosis were not seen by gross, histologic, or radiologic examination. Decreases in the amount of enamel on the tooth or hardness of the enamel were not observed. These data do not support recent reports of widespread dental fluorosis of deciduous bovine teeth as a clinical sign of fluoride toxicity. 相似文献
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Emily Clarke Ian Beveridge Ron Slocombe Graeme Coulson 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2006,37(4):477-486
A population of eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) inhabiting heathland and farmland surrounding an aluminum smelter at Portland, Victoria, Australia, exhibited clinical signs of lameness. An investigation was undertaken to determine the cause of this lameness. Hematology, necropsy, histopathology, fecal egg count, total worm count, reproductive status, and the population age range were examined and failed to reveal any additional underlying disease state. The specific problem of lameness was addressed with bone histopathology, radiography, quantitative ultrasonography, microradiography, and multielement analysis of bone ash samples. The significant lesions observed were: osteophytosis of the distal tibia and fibula, tarsal bones, metatarsus IV, and proximal coccygeal vertebrae; osteopenia of the femur, tibia, and metatarsus IV; incisor enamel hypoplasia; stained, uneven, and abnormal teeth wear; abnormal bone matrix mineralization and mottling; increased bone density; and elevated bone fluoride levels. Microradiography of affected kangaroos exhibited "black osteons," which are a known manifestation of fluorosis. Collectively, these lesions were consistent with a diagnosis of fluorosis. 相似文献
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