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《动物医学进展》2020,(9)
了解库尔勒市牛源空肠弯曲菌流行及耐药性状况,为空肠弯曲菌的防控与临床用药提供理论基础。采用特异性选择培养基培养并结合PCR法对新疆库尔勒市及其周边牛养殖场采集的787份肛拭子样品进行空肠弯曲菌的分离鉴定,并采用纸片扩散法对牛源空肠弯曲菌分离株进行10类23种抗菌药物的耐药性检测。结果共分离到空肠弯曲菌38株,总分离率为4.83%(38/787); 38株空肠弯曲菌对克林霉素、四环素、氨苄西林、林可霉素、阿莫西林、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松表现高度耐药,耐药率均达80%以上;对美罗培南的敏感性最高,耐药率为0。研究表明,库尔勒市存在牛源空肠弯曲菌的流行隐患,空肠弯曲菌分离株对不同药物的耐药性存在差异,且耐药谱具有多样性,多重耐药情况普遍,应引起各部门的高度重视。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2016,(12):95-98
为分析并比较我国5省份屠宰场鸡胴体分离的空肠弯曲菌的耐药状况,采用琼脂稀释法测定鸡酮体空肠弯曲菌分离株对8类14组抗生素的耐药性。结果表明:72株空肠弯曲菌分离株对8类14组抗生素均有不同程度的耐药,其中对喹诺酮类、四环素类、头孢菌素类显示为高度耐药(环丙沙星98.6%、萘啶酸93.1%,四环素94.4%、多西环素90.3%,头孢他啶87.5%);对青霉素类、磺胺类显示为中等耐药(阿莫西林/克拉维酸45.8%,甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑44.4%);对大环内酯类、氨基糖苷类、林可酰胺类显示为低耐药(红霉素2.8%、阿奇霉素6.9%,庆大霉素18.1%、链霉素4.2%,克林霉素4.2%);对碳青霉烯类(美罗培南)和氯霉素均显示为全敏感。72株分离株均对4种及以上抗生素有耐药性,共产生31种耐药谱型,其中以TET-CIP-NAL-CAZ-DOX型最多,占比22.2%。各省份之间耐药状况差异不明显。说明我国5省份屠宰场从鸡酮体分离的空肠弯曲菌均有不同程度的耐药,多重耐药菌占比较高,应加强鸡场养殖环节抗生素使用的监管,防止药物滥用,保障动物和人类健康。 相似文献
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本文对集约化肉鸡场空肠弯曲杆菌流行状况进行监测与分析。1 981份样品中,JM地区的肉鸡空肠弯曲杆菌阳性率为6.48%~7.48%,JZ地区的肉鸡空肠弯曲杆菌阳性率为9.45%~9.91%,JN地区的肉鸡空肠弯曲杆菌阳性率为14.6%~16.9%。17种抗菌药中,对36株肉鸡空肠弯曲菌分离株高度敏感的是:阿米卡星(86.1%)、链霉素(91.7%)、庆大霉素(94.4%)、卡那霉素(83.3%)、阿奇霉素(86.1%)、头孢噻肟(83.3%),另外有3种抗菌药对肉鸡空肠弯曲杆菌表现出较好的敏感性,分别是红霉素(61.1%)、氨苄西林(78.8%)、青霉素(69.4%),其它临床常用抗菌药对36株肉鸡空肠弯曲杆菌则表现出较强的耐药性。JM地区空肠弯曲杆菌分离株的耐药谱为7耐至10耐,JZ地区空肠弯曲杆菌分离株的耐药谱为8耐至12耐,JN地区空肠弯曲杆菌分离株的耐药谱为7耐至11耐。研究结果证明,不同地区肉鸡中空肠弯曲杆菌的流行和耐药状况呈现多样化。 相似文献
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《动物医学进展》2021,42(6)
为了解弯曲菌在肉鸡养殖场中的流行和耐药情况,于2018年12月至2019年6月从广东省某肉鸡养殖场随机采集泄殖腔拭子140份,进行弯曲菌的分离鉴定、药敏试验和耐药基因的检测。结果共分离到75株弯曲菌,分离率为53.6%,其中结肠弯曲菌的分离率为30%,空肠弯曲菌的分离率为23.6%,结肠弯曲菌为优势弯曲菌。药敏试验显示,分离菌株对萘啶酸的耐药性最高(88.0%)。庆大霉素和红霉素作为治疗弯曲菌感染的一线药物其耐药率分别为68.0%和73.3%。75株弯曲菌对12种抗生素产生了47种耐药模式,多重耐药率达到了92.0%。耐药基因检测发现,四环素类耐药基因tet(O)检出率高达62.7%。研究表明,广东省肉鸡养殖场中弯曲菌的污染率较高,耐药情况严重,耐药谱复杂多样,多重耐药率较高,对公共卫生具有潜在威胁,需要加强监测与深入研究。 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2020,(8)
为了解江苏某肉鸡屠宰场弯曲菌分离株耐药性及氨基糖苷类耐药基因簇aadE-sat4-aphA-3的分布特点,本研究采用药敏纸片法对肉鸡屠宰场117株弯曲菌分离株进行9大类26种抗生素的耐药性检测。结果显示,117株菌对链霉素和卡那霉素耐药的菌株占93.2%(109/117),对头孢氨苄耐药菌株占96.6%(113/117),对氟喹诺酮类药物耐药菌株占比均大于89.7%(105/117),对碳青霉烯类及氯霉素类药物较为敏感,且94%(110/117)的菌株表现出多重耐药性。采用PCR方法检测氨基糖苷类耐药基因簇aadE-sat4-aphA-3的分布情况。结果显示,有90株弯曲菌(空肠弯曲菌17、结肠弯曲菌73)检出了aadE-sat4-aphA-3耐药基因簇。进一步采用琼脂稀释法测定了其中20株aadEsat4-aphA-3阳性菌对氨基糖苷类5种药物的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果显示,20株aadE-sat4-aphA-3基因簇阳性弯曲菌中共有12株对庆大霉素耐药,MIC值最高为256μg/mL,共有11株对受试的5种氨基糖苷类药物均耐药,且大部分菌株对阿米卡星、妥布霉素的MIC值≥256μg/mL。表明aadE-sat4-aphA-3基因簇阳性弯曲菌对氨基糖苷类药物有较强的耐药性。综上所述,江苏某肉鸡屠宰场弯曲菌对氟喹诺酮类及氨基糖苷类部分药物耐药性较高且多重耐药现象严重,空肠弯曲菌与结肠弯曲菌中均有aadE-sat4-aphA-3耐药基因簇分布,且部分该耐药基因簇阳性菌株对氨基糖苷类药物耐药性较强。本研究为畜禽养殖临床用药指导提供了参考依据,并为弯曲菌氨基糖苷类药物耐药机理的进一步研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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Campylobacter is responsible for human bacterial enteritis and poultry meat is recognised as a primary source of infection. In slaughterhouses, cleaning and disinfection procedures are performed daily, and it has been suggested that disinfectant molecules might select for antibiotic resistant strains if shared targets or combined resistance mechanisms were involved. The aim of the study was to investigate if cleaning and disinfection procedures in poultry slaughterhouses select for antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli and to determine the genotypes of isolates collected after cleaning and disinfection. Nine sampling visits were made to four French slaughterhouses. Samples were collected from transport crates and equipment surfaces, before and after cleaning and disinfection. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of the recovered C. jejuni and C. coli isolates to six antibiotics and two disinfectants were measured. The C. jejuni isolates collected from equipment surfaces after cleaning and disinfection were subjected to PCR-RFLP typing. Twenty-five C. jejuni isolates and 1 C. coli were recovered from equipment surfaces after cleaning and disinfection during five visits to three different slaughterhouses. Those isolates did not show an increased resistance to the tested antibiotics compared to isolates collected before cleaning and disinfection. Only one or two genotypes were recovered after cleaning and disinfection during single visits to each slaughterhouse. This observation suggests that such genotypes may be particularly adapted to survive cleaning and disinfection stress. Understanding the survival mechanisms of Campylobacter should facilitate the implementation of better-targeted strategies and reduce the public health burden associated with Campylobacter infection. 相似文献
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Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp., in particular Campylobacter jejuni, are among the most frequently identified pathogens, found to be causing human gastrointestinal infections in Europe, with the Czech Republic being no exception. The presented work aimed at assessing results of the first nationwide monitoring of prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks in the Czech Republic, including a comparison of antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni isolates collected from poultry and the human community. The monitoring was carried out in poultry slaughterhouses in 2006 and 2007. From broilers, cloacal swabs were collected and examined. The human isolates of C. jejuni were acquired from rectal swabs in community patients with diarrhoeal diseases. Suspected isolates of both animal and human origin were confirmed by the PCR methods. Antibiotic resistance to selected anti-microbial agents was tested by the microdilution method. In the monitored period, the prevalence of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in broilers in the Czech Republic reached almost 50%. In 2006, C. jejuni was detected in 46% and Campylobacter coli in 3% of the tested samples. In 2007, C. jejuni was found in 43% and C. coli in 2% of the samples. The results of anti-microbial susceptibility testing of C. jejuni showed higher resistance in animals when compared with humans. The only exception was tetracycline with higher resistance in isolates of human origin. The highest resistance detected was to quinolone antibiotics. Resistance to oxolinic acid was 77% in animal and 60% in human isolates, to ciprofloxacin 72% in isolates from poultry and 55% in those from humans. In ampicillin, 26% of poultry isolates and 16% of human isolates were resistant. Moreover, 9% of animal isolates demonstrated resistance to streptomycin, undetected in human isolates. In erythromycin, resistance was found in 6% of poultry and 1% of human isolates. 相似文献
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Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of sporadic food-borne bacterial disease in humans. In intensive poultry and pig rearing systems the use of oral antibiotics is essential to maintain health. Consequently, there is a high risk for the thermophilic Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli resident in the intestinal tract of food animals to develop resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Contamination of meat or eggs with pathogenic strains of resistant Campylobacter could, therefore, result in a form of campylobacteriosis in humans that is difficult to treat. The aim of this investigation was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. isolated from pigs and poultry by the broth microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. A total of 482 samples from the Western Cape and Gauteng provinces was collected and analysed. Thirty-eight Campylobacter isolates were obtained. Analysis of data revealed that C. jejuni strains mainly of poultry origin were more resistant to the fluoroquinolones, macrolides and tetracyclines and the C. coli strains were more resistant to the macrolides and lincosamides. Multi-resistance was also detected in 4 Campylobacter strains from the Western Cape. With the exception of tetracyclines, strains from high health Gauteng broiler farms were susceptible to antibiotics used to treat Campylobacter infections. 相似文献
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Lillehaug A Bergsjø B Schau J Bruheim T Vikøren T Handeland K 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2005,46(1-2):23-32
Faecal samples were collected, as part of the National Health Surveillance Program for Cervids (HOP) in Norway, from wild red deer, roe deer, moose and reindeer during ordinary hunting seasons from 2001 to 2003. Samples from a total of 618 animals were examined for verocytotoxic E. coli (VTEC); 611 animals for Salmonella and 324 animals for Campylobacter. A total of 50 samples were cultivated from each cervid species in order to isolate the indicator bacterial species E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis / E. faecium for antibiotic resistance pattern studies. Salmonella and the potentially human pathogenic verocytotoxic E. coli were not isolated, while Campylobacter jejuni jejuni was found in one roe deer sample only. Antibiotic resistance was found in 13 (7.3%) of the 179 E. coli isolates tested, eight of these being resistant against one type of antibiotic only. The proportion of resistant E. coli isolates was higher in wild reindeer (24%) than in the other cervids (2.2%). E. faecalis or E. faecium were isolated from 19 of the samples, none of these being reindeer. All the strains isolated were resistant against one (84%) or more (16%) antibiotics. A total of 14 E. faecalis-strains were resistant to virginiamycin only. The results indicate that the cervid species studied do not constitute an important infectious reservoir for either the human pathogens or the antibiotic resistant microorganisms included in the study. 相似文献
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Campylobacter 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Moore JE Corcoran D Dooley JS Fanning S Lucey B Matsuda M McDowell DA Mégraud F Millar BC O'Mahony R O'Riordan L O'Rourke M Rao JR Rooney PJ Sails A Whyte P 《Veterinary research》2005,36(3):351-382
Species within the genus, Campylobacter, have emerged over the last three decades as significant clinical pathogens, particularly of human public health concern, where the majority of acute bacterial enteritis in the Western world is due to these organisms. Of particular concern are the species, C. jejuni and C. coli, which are responsible for most of these gastrointestinal-related infections. Although these organisms have already emerged as causative agents of zoonoses, several aspects of their epidemiology and pathophysiology are only beginning to emerge. Trends in increasing antibiotic resistance are beginning to emerge with oral antibiotics, which may be the drug of choice for when it is necessary to intervene chemotherapeutically. This review wishes to examine (i) emerging clinical aspects of the disease, such as Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS), (ii) the association between these organisms and poultry as a natural host, (iii) environmental aspects of Campylobacter epidemiology, (iv) the emergence of atypical campylobacters (v) emerging trends in antibiotic resistance, (vi) adoption of modern methods for the detection of campylobacters. 相似文献
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Padungton P Kaneene JB 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(2):161-170
Campylobacter spp. have been identified as etiologic agents in outbreaks and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis in developed countries. In developing countries, most reported Campylobacter infections are in children. Previously reported prevalences of Campylobacter spp. in children in Southeast Asia range from 2.9% to 15%. The frequency and pattern of occurrence of Campylobacter spp. differ between developed and developing countries, especially in the number of cases reported in adults and the presence of any seasonal patterns in occurrence. Although the severity of Campylobacter infection in adults was different between developed and developing countries, the clinical symptoms of infection in adults resulting from infection in developing countries was similar to those in developed countries. Many different animal species maintain Campylobacter spp. with no clinical signs. There do not appear to be significantly different colonization rates of Campylobacter in food animals between developed and developing countries. The role of C. jejuni as a primary pathogen in farm animals is uncertain. C. jejuni can be found in feces of diarrheic and healthy calves and piglets. Campylobacter with resistance to antimicrobial agents have been reported in both developed and developing countries, and the situation seems to deteriorate more rapidly in developing countries, where there is widespread and uncontrolled use of antibiotics resistance was observed at high levels in food animals in both developed and developing countries. Studies suggested an association between antimicrobial use in food animals and the development of resistance in human isolates in developed countries. 相似文献
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Disinfectant susceptibility testing of avian and swine Campylobacter isolates by a filtration method
The susceptibility testing of disinfectants against Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli strains from broilers and pigs was investigated. The filtration method European standard EN 1040 was adapted to Campylobacter cultures and validated with reference strains. Two disinfectants were tested: 1% benzalkonium chloride active matter, as quaternary ammonium compound, and 0.63% sodium hypochlorite as chlorine-releasing agent. Both disinfectants were effective against the 34 Campylobacter strains tested after 5 min exposure under in vitro conditions. No link between resistance to disinfectants and antibiotics could be observed. 相似文献
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Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. are frequent causes of diarrhoea in humans worldwide mostly originating from poultry. It has been suggested that extensive veterinary use of antibiotics is largely responsible for resistance in human isolates. During a 4-month period from January to April 2004, 192 Campylobacter spp. were isolated from fecal samples of 485 healthy food animals. The in vitro susceptibility to 12 antibiotics was determined by the agar disk diffusion method. Among the 192 Campylobacter spp. isolated, 135 (70.3%) were identified to be C. jejuni, 51 (26.6%) were C. coli and 6 (3.1%) were C. lari. C. jejuni was the most prevalent species in chickens (80.8%) versus 16.2% C. coli and 3.0% C. lari. All isolates found in pigs were C. coli. All strains were sensitive to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin and all were resistant to cephalothin. More than 90% of the strains were sensitive to clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, streptomycin and tetracycline. Resistance was found against ampicillin in 20% and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole in 37.5%. Resistance was not statistically different among C. jejuni, C. coli and C. lari (p>0.05). Multidrug resistance to two or more drugs was detected in 14.5% of strains. In conclusion, the study showed that antimicrobial resistance is found only at relatively low frequencies for most antimicrobial agents tested except for ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. The low percentages of resistance to most antimicrobial agents tested in this study may be the result of low/no usage of these agents as a growth promoters or treatment in the Ethiopian animal farm setting. The detection of multidrug resistant isolates may pose a threat to humans and further limits therapeutic options. 相似文献
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J G Fox M Claps C M Beaucage 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,189(4):455-456
Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from a cat with chronic diarrhea. The diarrheic cat and another cat (which previously had diarrhea) in the same household had bactericidal antibody titers to the C jejuni. Clinical response to antibiotic therapy and not recovering Campylobacter sp from normal feces after treatment also supported the diagnosis of Campylobacter-associated diarrhea. Although the owner had a protracted episode of diarrhea, C jejuni was not isolated from the owner's feces, nor was a bactericidal antibody detected in the owner's serum. 相似文献
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Campylobacter jejuni abortion in a heifer 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
R D Welsh 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1984,185(5):549-551
Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from the lung and stomach contents of an aborted bovine fetus. The bacterial isolate was classified according to morphologic, biochemical, and thermotolerance characteristics as well as sensitivity to antibiotics and biochemical agents. Serotyping was specific for C jejuni and excluded this isolate from the more common bovine causes of campylobacteriosis, C fetus subsp venerealis or C fetus subsp fetus. This report stresses the need for careful speciation of all Campylobacter isolates from aborted fetuses, especially in conditions where routine vaccination has not reduced abortion rates in the herd. Campylobacter jejuni is much more prevalent in causing human infections than is C fetus subsp venerealis or C fetus subsp fetus. Therefore, from a public health standpoint identification is important. 相似文献